JP5481873B2 - β-type phthalocyanine pigment and coloring composition using the same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a halogenated phthalocyanine pigment widely used in coloring compositions such as printing inks, paints, plastics and toners.

Conventionally, phthalocyanine pigments have been used as blue pigments having excellent characteristics. Various physical properties including color tone are known to vary greatly depending on the crystal form, and a phthalocyanine pigment having an optimum crystal form is selected and used depending on the application. In the case of copper phthalocyanine, which is the most widely used among phthalocyanine pigments, there are many crystals such as β-type, which is the most stable crystal structure, α-type, γ-type, ε-type, δ-type, π-type, and ρ-type. The type has been reported. Among them, the β type, the α type that is reddish than the β type, and the ε type that is reddish than the α type have been put into practical use depending on the application. Phthalocyanines other than copper phthalocyanine, for example, metal-free phthalocyanine, and phthalocyanines having a divalent metal such as manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, platinum phthalocyanine as a central metal are also β-type, α-type, and ε-type, similar to copper phthalocyanine. Patent Documents 1 to 3 and Non-Patent Document 1 disclose taking a crystal form.

  Among them, the β type has the most green hue, and is used in various coloring compositions including printing inks and paints. However, there are many applications where a greenish phthalocyanine pigment is desired in applications such as printing inks, paints, and plastics. For example, beta-type copper phthalocyanine is widely used as a cyan pigment in the process colors of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black, which are used in printing inks. However, in order to improve color reproducibility, It is considered desirable to be greener. However, at present, if you want to use greenish copper phthalocyanine, you must use β-type copper phthalocyanine. If you need more greenish colorant, use another metal phthalocyanine pigment, or use a green color such as phthalocyanine green pigment. There was no choice but to use a pigment together. However, other metal phthalocyanine pigments are expensive, the hue is unclear and the various resistances are often insufficient, and the combined use of green pigments causes problems such as decreased sharpness and dispersion stability. there were.

In addition, a normal phthalocyanine having no substituent at both the α-position and the β-position, a phthalocyanine pigment containing 0.5 to 4 halogen atoms as a substituent has a blue hue in the same manner as a normal phthalocyanine, Since various resistances such as light resistance, weather resistance, heat resistance, and solvent resistance are excellent, they are often used in applications requiring high resistance such as paints and plastics. At that time, the halogen of the substituent is preferentially substituted at the position of β in the following general formula (1).
It is known that halogen-substituted phthalocyanines can generally only take α form as a crystal form. Therefore, α-type halogen-substituted phthalocyanines are used for applications that require various resistances, and phthalocyanine pigments that are as green and resistant as β-type phthalocyanines have not been put into practical use.

（式中、Ｍは２Ｈまたは２価金属のうちいずれかもしくは複数である。）

(In the formula, M is any one or more of 2H and divalent metals.)

JP-A-1-247464 JP-A-2-289657 JP-A-3-227372 Phthalocyanine -Chemistry and Function- Yasuyoshi Shirai, Nagao Kobayashi Edition

  As described above, an object of the present invention is to provide a phthalocyanine pigment having a greenish hue and better various resistances than a β-type phthalocyanine pigment.

  As a result of intensive studies on various halogen-containing phthalocyanines, the present inventor has found that a halogen-substituted phthalocyanine in which halogen is preferentially introduced at the position of α in the general formula (1) takes a β-type crystal form. This halogen-substituted β-type phthalocyanine pigment was found to be a greener phthalocyanine pigment than conventional β-type phthalocyanine pigments and excellent in various resistances, and the present invention was completed.

That is, the present invention provides a halogen-substituted β-type phthalocyanine pigment containing halogen in preference to the position of α in the general formula (1), wherein the central metal is Co, Cu or Zn. . Furthermore, by using the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention, printing ink, paint, plastic, water-based color, textile printing, toning agent, toner, ink-jet ink, pigment dispersion for color filters, etc. with a greenish cyan color and excellent durability The coloring composition is provided.

  As disclosed in the present invention, it is presumed that the halogen-substituted phthalocyanine containing halogen in preference to the position of α can take a β-type crystal form in addition to the α-type because its steric hindrance is small. Is done. The halogen-substituted phthalocyanines known so far contain a halogen preferentially at the β position. When a halogen is introduced at the position of β, the shape of the molecule is such that the halogen site protrudes three-dimensionally. Therefore, it can be considered that in a β-type crystal, a halogen site collides with an adjacent molecule, and a crystal type other than the α-type cannot be obtained. In the case of phthalocyanine in which halogen is introduced at the position of α provided by the present invention, the shape of the molecule is not significantly changed compared to phthalocyanine before substitution. Therefore, it is considered that β-type crystals can be obtained in the same manner as phthalocyanine into which no halogen is introduced without greatly affecting the packing of the molecules and the crystal type.

  According to the present invention, a greener phthalocyanine pigment than the conventional β-type and a β-type phthalocyanine pigment excellent in various resistances have been achieved. The phthalocyanine pigment is useful for applications such as paints and plastics that require various durability. Conventionally, it can be used as a greenish phthalocyanine composition in various applications including printing inks, paints and plastics. In particular, when used as cyan for process ink, it approaches an ideal cyan hue, so the color gamut that can be reproduced is greatly expanded, and can be used as a high color rendering ink.

X-ray diffraction of phthalocyanine pigment 12 X-ray diffraction of phthalocyanine pigment 15 X-ray diffraction of phthalocyanine pigment 16

The phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention has a halogen selectively at the position of α of the skeleton represented by the general formula (1) and has a β-type crystal form. Halogen is C l or Br. The central metal M in the formula is Co, Cu, or Zn , which can take a crystal form similar to the β form, which is a crystal form taken by unsubstituted copper phthalocyanine, in a phthalocyanine having no substituent. Preferably M is Cu. M may be one kind or plural in one pigment.

As for the number of halogens, when the number of halogen substituents at the α-position in the general formula (1) is m and the number of halogen substituents at the β-position is n, the average number of halogen substituents m + n is 4> = m + n> = 0.05. is there. If it is less than 0.05, the properties are almost the same as those of a phthalocyanine pigment in which halogen is not substituted. Preferably m + n is 0.1 to 2.0. Further, the ratio m / (m + n) of the halogen existing at the α-position is 1> = m / (m + n)> = 0.5. The improvement effect is almost lost. In addition, when halogen is introduced at the position of β, the substituent site becomes steric hindrance, making it difficult to obtain a β-type crystal form. Therefore, the number n of halogen substituents at the position of β is 0 . 2 or less.

  In the β-type phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention, any atom or functional group may be substituted at both α and β positions. However, as described above, when a substituent is introduced particularly at the position of β, the structure of the molecule is such that the portion of the substituent protrudes sterically, and the β-type crystal form cannot be obtained. Must be 0.3 or less, preferably 0.2 or less, per molecule of phthalocyanine. Types of substituents include, for example, alkyl groups, aryl groups, nitro groups, sulfone groups, sulfoamido groups, cyano groups, amino groups, hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, thio groups, acyl groups, silyloxy groups, silyl groups, and the like. Is a derived substituent.

  The number m of halogen substituents at the α-position and the number n of halogen substituents at the β-position can be obtained by decomposing phthalocyanine with cerium sulfate to obtain phthalimides, and then analyzing the obtained phthalimides by liquid chromatography. The total molar concentration of all phthalimides obtained as a result of liquid chromatography is a, and the total molar concentration of phthalimides having halogen at the 3rd or 6th position is b (in the case of phthalimides having halogen at both the 3rd and 6th positions) (The molar concentration of phthalimides is calculated as twice the actual measurement.) The total molar concentration of phthalimides having a halogen at the 4th or 5th position is c (in the case of phthalimides having a halogen at both the 4th and 5th positions) When the molar concentration of phthalimides is calculated as twice the actual measurement), it is calculated as m = 4 × b / a and n = 4 × c / a. Detailed operations are described in the Examples.

  The β-type crystal form of the present invention is a crystal form having an X-ray diffraction pattern as shown in FIG. That is, when measured using Cu-Kα rays, strong diffraction peaks having intensity substantially equal to 6.9 ° and 9.1 ° of Bragg angle 2θ (± 0.3 °), 10.4 °, 12.3 °. , 18, 18.3 °, 21.1 °, 23.0, 23.6 °, 26.0 °, 27.9 °, 30.3 °. Although the position of each diffraction peak slightly moves depending on the metal species and the halogen content, the diffraction pattern has a pattern similar to that shown in FIG.

  The coloring composition of the present invention is typically a pigment dispersion such as printing ink, paint, plastic, water-based color, textile printing, toning agent, toner, inkjet ink, resist ink for color filter, but is not limited thereto. It is not something. The form of the pigment is not limited in the present invention, but some processing such as powder, a press cake containing water, or a mixture with resin may be performed. The printing ink is mainly offset ink, gravure ink, UV ink, flexographic ink, etc., but is not limited thereto.

  The offset ink can be produced by mixing and dispersing the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention and the offset ink vehicle. Vehicles for offset ink include, for example, rosin-modified phenolic resins, petroleum resins, alkyd resins, or resins such as these dry oil-modified resins, and vegetable oils such as linseed oil, tung oil, soybean oil, and n-paraffin as necessary. , Isoparaffin, aromatech, naphthene, α-olefin and the like, and the mixing ratio thereof is based on the total weight of the vehicle components (100% by weight), resin: vegetable oil: solvent = 10-50 The range of wt%: 0-30 wt%: 20-60 wt% is preferred. In the offset ink, known additives such as an ink solvent, a dryer, a leveling improver, a thickener, and a pigment dispersant can be appropriately blended as necessary.

  The gravure ink can be produced by mixing and dispersing the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention and a gravure ink vehicle. The gravure ink vehicle is composed of a resin and a solvent, and the mixing ratio thereof is based on the total weight of the vehicle components (100% by weight). Resin: solvent = 5-40% by weight: 60-95% % Range is preferred.

  Examples of the resin include gum rosin, wood rosin, tall oil rosin, calcified rosin, lime rosin, rosin ester, maleic acid resin, gilsonite, dammar, shellac, polyamide resin, vinyl resin, nitrocellulose, cyclized rubber, chlorinated rubber, ethyl cellulose , Cellulose acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, urethane resin, polyester resin, alkyd resin, and the like. Examples of the solvent include n-hexane, toluene, methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, isopropyl alcohol, chlorobenzole, ethyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone. And ethyl acetoacetate.

  For gravure ink, if necessary, for example, barium sulfate, barium carbonate, calcium carbonate, gypsum, alumina white, clay, silica, silica white, talc, calcium silicate, precipitated magnesium carbonate and other extender pigments, auxiliary agents As such, known additives such as a plasticizer, an ultraviolet ray inhibitor, an antioxidant, an antistatic agent, and a pigment dispersant can be appropriately blended.

  The paint can be produced by mixing and dispersing the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention and the paint vehicle. The paint vehicle is composed of a resin and a solvent, and the mixing ratio thereof is based on the total weight of the vehicle components (100% by weight), resin: solvent = 5-45% by weight: 55-95% by weight. The range of is preferable.

  Examples of the resin include nitrocellulose, alkyd resin, aminoalkyd resin, acrylic resin, aminoacrylic resin, urethane resin, polyvinyl acetal resin, epoxy resin, polyester resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinylidene fluoride resin, vinyl fluoride resin, Examples include polyethersulfone resins and silicone resins. Solvents include aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, ethers / alcohols, ethers / esters organic solvents, water, etc. Can be mentioned.

  Other organic pigments such as barium sulfate, barium carbonate, calcium carbonate, gypsum, alumina white, clay, silica, silica white, talc, calcium silicate, precipitated magnesium carbonate and the like are within the range not inhibiting the effect of the present invention. In addition to extender pigments, auxiliary agents such as curing agents, curing accelerators, flame retardants, anti-settling agents, anti-sagging agents, film-forming aids, preservatives, silane coupling agents for improving coating adhesion, anti-mold Agents, antifoaming agents, viscosity modifiers, leveling agents, UV absorbers, infrared absorbers, antifreeze agents, plasticizers, pH adjusters, antibacterial agents, light stabilizers, matting agents, antioxidants, pigment dispersants, Known additives such as pigment derivatives can be appropriately blended.

  The plastic can be produced by mixing and dispersing the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention and a resin for plastic. Plastic resins include polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene / propylene copolymer, α-olefin and acrylic acid or maleic acid copolymer, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene and acrylic acid or maleic anhydride copolymer. Polyolefin resins such as polymers, vinyl resins such as polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl acetate, acetal resins such as formal resins and butyral resins, acrylic resins such as polyacrylonitrile and methacrylic resins, polystyrene, acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymers And the like, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and polycarbonate, nylons such as 6-nylon, unsaturated polyester resins, epoxy resins, urea resins, melamine resins, and cellulose resins.

  The plastic includes other organic pigments, inorganic pigments, waxes or derivatives thereof, heavy metal deactivators, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or zinc metal soap, hydrotalcite, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, antistatic agents composed of amphoteric surfactants, flame retardants such as halogen-based, phosphorus-based or metal oxides, lubricants such as ethylene bisalkylamides And various additives for known polymers such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, processing aids, fillers, pigment dispersants, pigment derivatives and the like. In order to satisfy the required quality and coloring workability, the pigment is dispersed in advance with these components to obtain a powdery dry color, granular bead color, liquid paste color, etc., and then mixed with the resin. May be. Moreover, what is called a masterbatch which is comprised from a pigment, a plastics, and other said additive and contains a pigment in high concentration may be manufactured, and resin may be colored using a masterbatch.

The toner can be produced by mixing and dispersing the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention and a resin for toner. As the resin for toner, polystyrene, styrene-acrylic copolymer, chlorinated resin, styrene-vinyl acetate copolymer, rosin-modified maleic acid resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, polyester resin, low molecular polyethylene, low molecular polypropylene, Examples include ionomer resins, polyurethane resins, silicone resins, rosin esters, and rosins.
The plastic includes other organic pigments, inorganic pigments, waxes or derivatives thereof, heavy metal deactivators, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or zinc metal soap, hydrotalcite, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, antistatic agents composed of amphoteric surfactants, flame retardants such as halogen-based, phosphorus-based or metal oxides, lubricants such as ethylene bisalkylamides , Abrasives, antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers, processing aids, fillers, charge control agents, silica fine particles, conductivity imparting agents, fluidity imparting agents, anti-caking agents, mold release agents, pigment dispersants, pigment derivatives Various additives for known polymers may be included or externally added.

  The inkjet ink can be produced by mixing and dispersing the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention and an inkjet ink vehicle. The vehicle for inkjet ink is composed of a resin and a solvent, and the mixing ratio thereof is based on the total weight of the vehicle components (100% by weight), resin: solvent = 1-10% by weight: 90-99%. % Range is preferred. Examples of the resin include resins that are soluble in water such as acrylic, styrene-acrylic, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, and fluororesin, and water-dispersible emulsions or colloidal dispersion resins. These resins are added with neutralizing agents such as ammonia, amines and inorganic alkalis as required. Examples of the solvent include water, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and substituted pyrrolidone. Also, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol can be used for the purpose of accelerating the drying property of the ink-jet ink. Furthermore, an antiseptic, a penetrating agent, a chelating agent, and an anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic activator, and pigment dispersant can be added to the inkjet ink in order to improve the dispersion stability of the pigment. Ink jet inks can also be used in the manufacture of color filters.

  The color filter resist ink can be produced by mixing and dispersing the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention and a colored resist material vehicle. The colored resist material vehicle used in the production of the color filter is composed of a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin or an active energy ray curable resin, a monomer and / or an oligomer, and a solvent. Based on the total weight of the vehicle components (100% by weight), the range of resin: monomer and / or oligomer: solvent = 4-15% by weight: 2-8% by weight: 77-94% by weight is preferred. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include butyral resin, styrene-maleic acid copolymer, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane resin, and polyester resin. , Acrylic resins, alkyd resins, polystyrene resins, polyamide resins, rubber resins, cyclized rubber resins, celluloses, polyethylene, polybutadiene, polyimide resins, and the like. Examples of the thermosetting resin include epoxy resins, benzoguanamine resins, rosin-modified maleic acid resins, rosin-modified fumaric acid resins, melamine resins, urea resins, and phenol resins.

Examples of active energy ray-curable resins include linear polymers having reactive substituents such as hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, and amino groups, (meth) acrylic compounds, and cinnamon via isocyanate groups, aldehyde groups, and epoxy groups. Examples thereof include a resin into which a photocrosslinkable group such as an acid is introduced.
As monomers and oligomers, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, β-carboxyethyl (meth) acrylate , Polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol Tri (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether di (meth) acrylate, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether di (meth) acrylate, neope N-glycol diglycidyl ether di (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate, ester acrylate, methylolated melamine (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, Various acrylic esters and methacrylic esters such as urethane acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid, styrene, vinyl acetate, hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, ethylene glycol divinyl ether, pentaerythritol trivinyl ether, (meth) acrylamide, N-hydroxymethyl (meth) Examples include acrylamide, N-vinylformamide, acrylonitrile and the like. These can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.

  Solvents include cyclohexanone, ethyl cellosolve acetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylbenzene, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate and other aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones Organic, ester, ether, ether / alcohol, and ether / ester organic solvents. A photopolymerization initiator, a sensitizer, a pigment dispersant, and the like can be blended in the colored resist material.

  Next, a typical method for producing the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention will be described. The method for producing phthalocyanine can be selected from conventionally known methods and is not particularly limited. In general, halogen-substituted phthalocyanines are produced by four processes. The first is a method in which a halogenated phthalic acid is used as a part of the starting phthalic acid when synthesizing phthalocyanine by a method called the Weiler method. The second is a method in which halogenated phthalodinitrile is used as a part of phthalodinitriles which are raw materials when synthesizing phthalocyanine by a method called nitrile method. The third method uses a reaction in which halogen is introduced into the phthalocyanine ring when phthalocyanine is synthesized by the nitrile method in the presence of a metal halide or the like in a part of the raw material. The fourth is a method of directly chlorinating phthalocyanine. One or two methods are desirable from the viewpoint of introducing halogen in preference to the position of α, but the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention is not limited to both methods.

  After synthesizing the halogenated phthalocyanine by the above method, the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention is produced by crystal transition to β-form or pigmentation if necessary.

  The Weiler method is a phthalocyanine synthesis method in which phthalic anhydride or a derivative thereof and urea or a derivative thereof are reacted at 90 ° C. to 300 ° C. in the presence of a metal source and a catalyst, and is most industrially used as a phthalocyanine synthesis method. It is what. In the synthesis, a solvent may be used for the purpose of controlling the temperature in the system and improving the stirring efficiency. Moreover, you may react on pressurization conditions of about 0.2-0.7 MPa for the purpose of a yield improvement, a purity improvement, etc.

  Examples of phthalic acids used in the synthesis by the Weiler method include those known in various literatures, such as phthalic anhydride, phthalic acid and salts thereof, esters thereof, phthalimide, and phthalamide. In addition, an alkyl group, aryl group, nitro group, sulfone group, sulfoamide group, cyano group, amino group, hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, thio group, acyl group, silyloxy group, silyl group, or It may contain phthalic acids having a substituent such as a substituent derived therefrom. By mixing these phthalic acids and halogenated phthalic acids in an arbitrary ratio and performing synthesis by the Weiler method, a halogen-substituted phthalocyanine having an arbitrary ratio of halogen substitution can be synthesized. In producing the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention, 3-halogenated phthalic acid, 3,6-dihalogenated phthalic acid, or phthalic acid into which halogen is preferentially introduced at the 3rd or 6th position is used as a part of the raw material. It is desirable to use it.

  Examples of urea or derivatives thereof used for the synthesis of phthalocyanines by the Weiler method include urea, ammonia, biuret, and triuret. The amount used is about 1 to 10 moles per mole of phthalic anhydride or its derivative. As the metal source, metal powder, chloride, bromide, iodide, sulfate, sulfide, acetate, oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, phosphate and the like can be used. The valence of the metal affects the reaction but can generally be used for phthalocyanine synthesis. The metal source is preferably used in a molar ratio of 0.15 to 0.40 with respect to phthalic acid or a derivative thereof. As the catalyst, any catalyst known by the Weiler method can be used. For example, there are molybdate compounds such as ammonium molybdate, ammonium oxide, and phosphomolybdic acid, titanium compounds such as titanium tetrachloride and titanate, antimony oxide, arsenic oxide, and boric acid. The amount used is not particularly limited, but it is preferably used in a range of 0.0001 to 0.3 by weight with respect to phthalic acid or a derivative thereof. Also, orthophosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, polymetaphosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen iodide, and metal salts thereof for the purpose of improving the reactivity, improving the reactivity, and improving the purity and clarity of the product. Or ammonium salt may be added in a molar ratio of 0.05 mol to 1 mol with respect to phthalic acid or a derivative thereof.

  As the solvent that can be used, all known solvents can be used as synthetic solvents for the Weiler method. For example, aromatic hydrocarbons such as alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene and tetralin, alicyclic hydrocarbons such as alkylcyclohexane, decalin and alkyldecalin, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as decane and dodecane, nitro compounds such as nitrobenzene and o-nitrotoluene, Halogenated hydrocarbons such as trichlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, chloronaphthalene, and hexachlorobutadiene, sulfur compounds such as sulfolane, dimethyl sulfolane, and dimethyl sulfoxide, and heterocyclic compounds such as quinoline can be used. These organic solvents may be a mixture of two or more.

  After completion of the reaction, it is preferable to carry out washing with water or an organic solvent after performing separation treatment with the reaction solvent such as filtration of the solvent or evaporation of the solvent. You may use an acid and an alkali in the case of washing | cleaning. If further purification is required, impurities may be removed by a known purification technique such as sublimation, acid paste, acid slurry, reprecipitation, recrystallization, or extraction.

  The nitrile method is a method for synthesizing phthalocyanines in which phthalonitriles, diiminoisoindolines and metal salts are reacted at 60 ° C. to 300 ° C. in the presence of a base as a catalyst. In the synthesis, a solvent may be used for the purpose of controlling the temperature in the system and improving the stirring efficiency. Moreover, you may react on pressurization conditions of about 0.2-0.7 MPa for the purpose of a yield improvement, a purity improvement, etc.

  The phthalonitriles and diiminoisoindolines used in the synthesis by the nitrile method include alkyl groups, aryl groups, nitro groups, sulfone groups, sulfoamides on the aromatic rings of these phthalonitriles and diiminoisoindolines. May have a substituent such as a group, a cyano group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a thio group, an acyl group, a silyloxy group, a silyl group, or a substituent derived therefrom. But it doesn't matter. The above-mentioned phthalonitriles and diiminoisoindolines and halogenated phthalonitriles and diiminoisoindolines are mixed at an arbitrary ratio and synthesized by the nitrile method, so that an arbitrary ratio of halogen substitution An amount of halogen-substituted phthalocyanine can be synthesized. In producing the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention, 3-halogenated phthalonitriles or 3-halogenated diiminoisoindolines, 3,6-dihalogenated phthalonitriles, 3,6-dihalogenated diiminoisoindolines Alternatively, it is desirable to use phthalonitriles or diiminoisoindolines into which halogen is preferentially introduced at the 3rd or 6th position as a part of the raw material.

  As the metal source that can be used in the nitrile method, chloride, bromide, iodide, sulfate, sulfide, acetate, oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, phosphate and the like can be used. The valence of the metal affects the reaction but can generally be used for phthalocyanine synthesis. The metal source is preferably used in a molar ratio of 0.15 to 0.40 with respect to phthalonitriles and diiminoisoindolines.

  The catalyst base is not particularly limited, but is a cyclic amine such as ammonia, morpholine, or piperidine, an amine having nitrogen introduced into an aromatic ring such as pyridine, picoline, or quinoline, or 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3. 0] -5-nonene (DBN), 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU), 1,5-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-5-ene, 1, An amine having an amidine moiety such as 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane or an alkoxide having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and a mixture thereof are preferable. The amount of the base is preferably used in the range of 0.001 mol to 2 mol with respect to phthalonitriles and diiminoisoindolines. If a base is used as the solvent, it may be more.

  As the solvent that can be used, all known solvents can be used as synthesis solvents for the nitrile method. For example, alcohols such as methanol and ethylene glycol, aromatic hydrocarbons such as alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene and tetralin, alicyclic hydrocarbons such as alkylcyclohexane, decalin and alkyldecalin, and aliphatic hydrocarbons such as decane and dodecane Nitro compounds such as nitrobenzene and o-nitrotoluene, halogenated hydrocarbons such as trichlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, chloronaphthalene and hexachlorobutadiene, sulfur compounds such as sulfolane, dimethylsulfolane and dimethyl sulfoxide, heterocyclic compounds such as quinoline, DMF, etc. , NMP, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone can be used. These organic solvents may be a mixture of two or more.

  If necessary, the reaction may be carried out in an inert gas atmosphere, and if necessary, those known for use in the Weiler method such as ammonium molybdate and urea may be added.

  After completion of the reaction, it is preferable to carry out washing with water or an organic solvent after performing separation treatment with the reaction solvent such as filtration of the solvent or evaporation of the solvent. You may use an acid and an alkali in the case of washing | cleaning. If further purification is required, impurities may be removed by a known purification technique such as sublimation, acid paste, acid slurry, reprecipitation, recrystallization, or extraction.

  The halogenated phthalocyanine crude pigment synthesized by the above-mentioned four methods can be used as it is, but generally it can be used as it is in the desired crystal form, particle size control, and easy dispersibility. It is desirable to perform the pigmentation operation for the purpose of imparting the amount of pigment. In order to produce the β-type phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention, all known pigmentation methods can be used. In general, however, the solvent method and solvent milling are pigmentation methods for pigmenting phthalocyanine into β-type crystals. Method, solvent salt milling method, etc. can be used. If necessary for transfer, phthalocyanine having a β-type crystal form may be added as a seed crystal, or a metal-free or metal phthalocyanine derivative having at least one substituent represented by the following general formula (2) May be added. It is also desirable to perform operations such as acid paste and dry milling as a pretreatment for the β-type pigmentation treatment, or a plurality of pigmentation methods may be used in combination. Moreover, when it is β type at the stage of the halogenated phthalocyanine crude pigment, it can be used as it is. Alternatively, as a colored composition containing a β-type phthalocyanine pigment, a halogenated phthalocyanine having a crystal type other than β-type is used as a pigment, and is heated and mixed in a varnish at 60 ° C. to 200 ° C. to transfer to β-type. Also good.

General formula (2) -X-Y
(Wherein X is a direct bond, or a divalent bond comprising a chemically reasonable combination of 2 to 50 atoms selected from a hydrogen atom, a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom and a sulfur atom. Y represents a nitroimido group or a phthalimidomethyl group optionally substituted with a halogen atom, —NR 1 R 2, —SO 3 · M / m or —COO · M / m, and R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom , An optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkenyl group, an optionally substituted phenyl group, or a substituted group containing an additional nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atom together with R1 and R2. M represents a hydrogen ion, a monovalent to trivalent metal ion or an ammonium ion in which at least one is substituted with an alkyl group, and m represents a valence of M A representative.)

  Specific examples of the substituent represented by the general formula (2) include phthalimidomethyl group, 4-nitrophthalimidomethyl group, 4-chlorophthalimidomethyl group, tetrachlorophthalimidomethyl group, carbamoyl group, sulfamoyl group, aminomethyl group, dimethyl Aminomethyl group, diethylaminomethyl group, dibutylaminomethyl group, piperidinomethyl group, dimethylaminopropylaminosulfonyl group, diethylaminopropylaminosulfonyl group, dibutylaminopropylaminosulfonyl group, morpholinoethylaminosulfonyl group, dimethylaminopropylaminocarbonyl group, 4 -(Diethylaminopropylaminocarbonyl) phenylaminocarbonyl group, dimethylaminomethylcarbonylaminomethyl group, diethylaminopropylaminomethyl Rubonylaminomethyl group, dibutylaminopropylaminomethylcarbonylaminomethyl group, sulfonic acid group, sodium sulfonate group, calcium sulfonate group, aluminum sulfonate group, dodecylammoniosulfonate group, octadecylammoniosulfonate group, trimethyloctadecyl Ammoniosulfonato group, dimethyldidecylammoniosulfonato group, carboxylic acid group, 2-aluminum carboxyla-5-nitrobenzamidomethyl group, and the like.

The phthalocyanine derivative having these substituents can be produced, for example, by the methods described in Patent Documents 4 to 7.
Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 39-28884 Japanese Patent Publication No.57-15620 Japanese Patent Publication No.58-28303 Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-5070

  Among the above pigmentation methods, the solvent salt milling method is most preferable from the viewpoint of particle size control. The solvent salt milling method is a technique for crystal transition and pigmentation by kneading a phthalocyanine composition, a water-soluble inorganic salt, and a water-soluble organic solvent in a kneader. The water-soluble inorganic salt used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include sodium chloride (sodium chloride), potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, zinc chloride, calcium chloride or a mixture thereof. If the amount of the water-soluble inorganic salt is too small, it will be difficult to make it finer or crystal transition to β-type if accompanied by crystal transition. Is disadvantageous. For this reason, the water-soluble inorganic salt is preferably in a range of 2 to 20 times by weight, more preferably 5 to 14 times by weight with respect to the phthalocyanine composition. The amount of the water-soluble inorganic salt can also be selected according to the target pigment particle size.

  The water-soluble organic solvent is added so that the phthalocyanine composition and the water-soluble inorganic salt form a uniform mass. The water-soluble organic solvent can be mixed freely with water, or it is not mixed freely but has a solubility that can be removed industrially by washing with water. It is what you have. Although it will not specifically limit if it accelerates | stimulates the particle growth and crystal transition of a phthalocyanine composition, Since a temperature rises at the time of kneading | mixing and it will be in the state which a solvent evaporates easily, a high boiling point solvent is preferable from a safety point. For example, 2- (methoxymethoxy) ethanol, 2-butoxyethanol, 2- (isopentyloxy) ethanol, 2- (hexyloxy) ethanol, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol , Triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, liquid polyethylene glycol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, 1-ethoxy-2-propanol, dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, low molecular weight polypropylene glycol, aniline , Pyridine, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, methanol, ethanol, isopropyl Nol, n-propanol, isobutanol, n-butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, propylene glycol glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, etc. Can do. Moreover, you may mix and use 2 or more types of solvents as needed.

  If the amount of the water-soluble organic solvent in the kneaded composition is too small, the kneaded composition becomes too hard and it is difficult to stably operate the kneader, and if it is too large, the kneaded composition becomes too soft and the crystal transition of the phthalocyanine composition or The level of miniaturization is reduced. For this reason, the water-soluble organic solvent is preferably in a range of 0.5 to 5 times by weight with respect to the phthalocyanine composition, and can be selected according to the amount of the water-soluble inorganic salt and the hardness of the kneaded composition. The temperature is preferably 50 to 220 ° C, particularly preferably 80 to 180 ° C.

  Further, if necessary for the transition, a phthalocyanine composition having a β-type crystal form may be added as a seed crystal, or a metal-free or at least one substituent represented by the above general formula (2) Metal phthalocyanine derivatives may be added.

  Further, the phthalocyanine pigment of the present invention inhibits crystal growth during pigmentation, imparts crystal stability, prevents aggregation, imparts easy dispersibility when using a pigment as a colorant, imparts crystal stability, prevents aggregation, and improves coloring power. For various purposes, rosin derivatives such as rosin, metal rosin, rosin ester, resin, activator, pigment derivative represented by the above general formula (2), etc. are mixed with the pigment during or after the pigmentation step. May be.

[Example]
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. However, the following examples do not limit the scope of rights of the present invention. In the examples, “part” represents “part by weight”.

Example 1
85 parts of phthalic anhydride, 35 parts of 3-chlorophthalic anhydride, 19 parts of cuprous chloride, 139 parts of urea, 0.5 part of ammonium molybdate, 210 parts of Hysol P (Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. alkylbenzene mixture) Was charged in a 1 liter autoclave and reacted at 200 ° C. under a pressure of 0.3 MPa for 4 hours. The purified slurry was heated under reduced pressure to recover the solvent by distilling off the solvent. 2000 parts of 5% sulfuric acid was added to the residue, stirred at 90 ° C. for 4 hours, filtered and dried to obtain 100 parts of crude chlorinated copper phthalocyanine 1.

Examples 2-6, Comparative Examples 1-5
The urea, ammonium molybdate, and solvent charge weights of Example 1, the number of moles of metal source, and the total number of moles of phthalic acids were fixed, and the experiment was conducted as shown in Table 1 below in the same manner as in Example 1. Phthalocyanines 2-11 were synthesized. Yields are as described in Table 1.

Example 7 and Comparative Example 6
0.015 part of each of the obtained phthalocyanines 1 to 11 was taken and dissolved in 0.9 part of 98% sulfuric acid. 0.075 parts of cerium sulfate powder was added, and if the color did not disappear, cerium sulfate was added as appropriate to completely decompose phthalocyanine. Next, the decomposition solution was added to 50 parts of water, and the volume was finally adjusted to a constant volume. The decomposition solution was analyzed by liquid chromatography, and m and n were determined as shown in Table 2 below. Similarly, when CYANINE BLUE F-1102 CRUDE (manufactured by Sanyo Dye, halogenated phthalocyanine crude pigment) is analyzed, m = 0.16 and n = 0.88, and the ratio of halogen existing at the α-position m / (m + n) Was 0.15.

Examples 8-13, Comparative Examples 7-11
40 parts of each of the crude phthalocyanines 1 to 11 were taken and dissolved in 400 parts of 98% by weight sulfuric acid. A slurry in which a phthalocyanine pigment was dissolved in 4000 parts of water was dropped to completely precipitate phthalocyanine. After stirring at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, filtration and washing with water were performed, followed by drying and pulverization.
The obtained pigment was dispersed in 400 parts of dimethylnaphthalene and heated and stirred at 240 ° C. for 6 hours. Thereafter, filtration and methanol washing were performed, followed by dry pulverization.
35 parts of the obtained pigment, 420 parts of sodium chloride, and 50 parts of diethylene glycol were wet milled in a kneader for 8 hours while maintaining the temperature of the contents at 140 to 150 degrees. After taking out, the obtained content was dispersed in water, heated to 70 ° C., held for 60 minutes, filtered, washed with water, dried and pulverized to obtain the corresponding phthalocyanine pigments 12-22.
When the obtained phthalocyanine pigment was measured for powder X-ray diffraction with respect to Cu-Kα ray by an X-ray diffraction analyzer RINT2000 manufactured by Rigaku Corporation, the crystal form was confirmed. Phthalocyanines 16 and 20, which are phthalocyanines having a halogen introduced at the position of β, have an α-type, and other than that, even when a halogen is introduced at the α-position, they have a β-type crystal form. As typical examples, diffraction patterns of phthalocyanine pigments 12, 15, and 16 are shown in FIGS.

Example 14 and Comparative Example 12
Chlorinated phthalocyanine 1 and chlorinated phthalocyanine 5 were mixed in the amounts shown in Table 4 below, and the mixture was dissolved in 50 parts of 98% by weight sulfuric acid. A slurry in which a phthalocyanine pigment was dissolved in 500 parts of water was dropped to completely precipitate phthalocyanine. After stirring at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, filtration and washing with water were performed, followed by drying and pulverization.

The obtained pigment was dispersed in 50 parts of dimethylnaphthalene and heated and stirred at 240 ° C. for 6 hours. Thereafter, filtration and methanol washing were carried out, followed by dry pulverization. When the powder X-ray diffraction of the obtained phthalocyanine pigment is measured, it is as shown in Table 4. When n is 0.20 or less, a β-type crystal is obtained alone, and when 0.4, a mixed crystal of α-type and β-type is obtained. Obtained.

Example 15 and Comparative Example 13
Of the phthalocyanine pigments prepared in Examples 8 to 13 and Comparative Examples 7 to 11, rosin-modified phenolic resin varnish 2 was added to 0.5 parts of 12-15, 17-19, 21, 22 each having a β-type crystal type. 0.0 part was added and dispersed with a Hoover Muller to prepare a dark ink. A light color ink was prepared by mixing 0.2 parts of this dark ink and 5.0 parts of white ink. Each of the obtained inks was sandwiched between films, and the color was measured with a colorimeter manufactured by Nippon Denshoku with a constant thickness. Table 5 shows the colorimetric values. The halogen-substituted phthalocyanine pigment having the β-type crystal form was greener than the halogen-free β-type phthalocyanine pigment.

Example 16 and Comparative Example 14
Of the phthalocyanine pigments prepared in Examples 8 to 13 and Comparative Examples 7 to 11, 6 parts each of 12 to 15, 17 to 19, 21 and 22 having a β-type crystal form, 19 parts xylene and 133 to 60 phthalkids 56 parts (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), 28 parts of Melan 20 (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), 300 g of 1 mmΦ of zirconia beads were added and dispersed for 90 minutes with a scandex to prepare a dark paint. A light color paint was prepared by mixing 5.4 parts of this dark paint and 12.0 parts of white paint. Each paint obtained was spread on art paper with an applicator and baked at 140 ° C. for 1 hour, and then measured with a colorimeter manufactured by Nippon Denshoku. Table 6 shows the colorimetric values. The halogen-substituted phthalocyanine pigment having the β-type crystal form was greener than the halogen-free β-type phthalocyanine pigment.

Example 17, Comparative Example 15
The coated surface prepared in Example 16 and Comparative Example 14 was irradiated with ultraviolet light with a xenon lamp for 600 hours. Table 5 shows a comparison of colorimetric values before and after irradiation to calculate a color difference ΔE. It was revealed that the coating surface of the paint prepared using the halogen-containing phthalocyanine pigment has little fading and high light resistance.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it has become possible to produce a halogen-containing β-type phthalocyanine pigment that has been impossible until now. The pigment according to the present invention is excellent in various resistances such as light resistance and heat resistance as compared with halogen-free phthalocyanine pigments, and can be used for applications requiring high resistance such as paints, plastics and toners. Further, it is greener than halogen-free phthalocyanine pigments, can give a hue in a greenish region, which has been impossible until now, and can be used as a greenish phthalocyanine pigment in various coloring applications.

Claims (4)

A phthalocyanine pigment having a β-type crystal form and preferentially substituted with a halogen at the α-position in the following general formula (1), wherein the phthalocyanine preferentially substituted with a halogen at the α-position is a halogen at the α-position 4> = m + n> = 0.05, 1> = m / (m + n)> = 0.5 , where m is the number of substituents and n is the number of halogen substituents at the β position. 2 > = n> = 0 and a phthalocyanine pigment which is a phthalocyanine in which m is 0.62 or more . (However, substituents other than halogen are not substituted.)

(Wherein, M is Co, Cu or Zn, halogen is C l or Br.) The phthalocyanine pigment according to claim 1, wherein m + n is 0.1 to 2.0 .   The phthalocyanine pigment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein M is Cu.   The coloring composition characterized by using the phthalocyanine pigment of Claims 1-3.

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