JP5477486B2 - Control program, control device and boiler system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a control program, a control device, and a boiler system related to a boiler group composed of a plurality of boilers that are combustion-controlled at stepwise combustion positions.

Conventionally, when steam pressure or hot water temperature is brought close to the target value by burning a group of boilers consisting of multiple boilers, each boiler is controlled by calculating the number of boilers and the combustion position based on the increase or decrease in required load. This is widely performed, and a technique related to such combustion control is disclosed (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).
Further, as a technique for improving combustion efficiency and improving steam productivity, a technique related to a boiler capable of low combustion, medium combustion, and high combustion is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 2).

JP 2002-130602 A JP-A-6-147402

  However, in the combustion control of a boiler group composed of a plurality of boilers capable of low combustion and high combustion, when the combustion efficiency of low combustion is higher than that of high combustion, it is possible to increase the number of boilers to be burned on the basis of low combustion. Although efficient operation is possible, when performing combustion control based on low combustion, when the required load is reduced, control is performed to reduce the number of units, and thus a start / stop loss is likely to occur.

  On the other hand, when the combustion efficiency of high combustion is higher than that of low combustion, high efficiency operation is possible by increasing the number of boilers that are burned based on high combustion. However, when combustion control is based on high combustion, the required load When this increases, it is necessary to newly start the combustion of the standby boiler, so that a response delay occurs and the followability to the required load is reduced.

  Based on this situation, when controlling the combustion of a group of boilers that are configured by installing multiple boilers that are burned at multiple staged combustion positions, both combustion efficiency and followability to the required load are improved. There is a technical request for it.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and relates to combustion control of a group of boilers composed of a plurality of boilers having stepwise combustion positions, and a start / stop loss while maintaining high combustion efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to provide a control program, a control device, and a boiler system that can suppress noise and improve followability.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
The invention according to claim 1 is capable of controlling the amount of combustion at a stepwise combustion position, and a plurality of boilers in which at least one combustion position is a high-efficiency combustion position that burns with higher efficiency than other combustion positions. A control program for controlling a boiler system configured to control combustion based on increase / decrease in required load, wherein the high efficiency is increased when the combustion amount of the boiler group is increased. After outputting a high-efficiency combustion transition signal that shifts to the high-efficiency combustion position for all of the high-efficiency control target boilers controlled on the basis of combustion at the combustion position, the boiler for any of the high-efficiency control target boilers Following the output of the control signal for shifting to a combustion position higher than the high efficiency combustion position, and the output of the high efficiency combustion transition signal for all of the boilers subject to high efficiency control, The combustion start signal is output to any one of the boilers other than the high efficiency control target boiler, the control signal for increasing the combustion amount is output to the boiler, and the high efficiency combustion transition signal is output and the high efficiency combustion is achieved. Each time a transition signal is output, a control signal for shifting to a combustion position higher than the high-efficiency combustion position is output to any one of the high-efficiency control target boilers, so that The control signal for increasing the combustion amount is output to the high efficiency control target boiler that has output the control signal for shifting, and the maximum combustion position transition signal for shifting to the highest combustion position where the combustion amount is maximized is output. In addition, the combustion start signal is output to any of the remaining boilers other than the high efficiency control target boiler that has not received the combustion start signal after outputting the highest combustion position transition signal. And said that you are.

  The invention described in claim 2 is a control device, comprising the control program according to claim 1.

  The invention described in claim 3 is a boiler system, and includes the control device according to claim 2.

According to the control program, the control device, and the boiler system according to the present invention, when the combustion amount of the boiler group is increased, the control signal that shifts to a higher combustion position than the high efficiency combustion position for the high efficiency control target boiler. Is performed after the high-efficiency combustion transition signal is output to all the high-efficiency control target boilers. As a result, the control signal that shifts to a higher combustion position than the high efficiency combustion position is not output until the high efficiency combustion transition signal is output to all the high efficiency controlled boilers. It is easy to burn and the combustion efficiency of the boiler group is improved.
In addition, after all the boilers have reached the highly efficient combustion position, since there is no boiler start / stop when increasing the combustion amount, start / stop loss is suppressed and followability is improved.

  In addition, when the combustion amount of the boiler group increases, after outputting a high-efficiency combustion transition signal to all of the high-efficiency controlled boilers, a combustion start signal is output to one of the boilers other than the high-efficiency controlled boiler, Every time the amount increases and a high-efficiency combustion transition signal is output to the boiler, a control signal that shifts to a combustion position higher than the high-efficiency combustion position is output to one of the high-efficiency controlled boilers. When the controlled boiler is controlled to burn at the high-efficiency combustion position, since many combustion positions that should be shifted from the start of one boiler to the start of the next boiler are secured, The start / stop loss is suppressed, and the followability to the required load is improved.

  Also, when the combustion amount of the boiler group increases, a control signal for shifting to a combustion position higher than the high-efficiency combustion position is output to one of the high-efficiency control target boilers. When starting to output, the combustion start signal is output to the boilers that have not started combustion among the boilers that are not subject to high-efficiency control, so the start / stop loss is suppressed and the followability to the required load is improved. To do. In such control, it is preferable to output a boiler that is not a target of operation such as a spare boiler.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of boilers are configured such that the combustion amount can be controlled at a stepwise combustion position, and at least one combustion position is a high-efficiency combustion position that burns with higher efficiency than other combustion positions. A boiler system configured to control combustion based on an increase / decrease in required load when the combustion amount of the boiler group is increased, combustion at the high-efficiency combustion position After all of the high-efficiency control target boilers controlled on the basis of the above have shifted to the high-efficiency combustion position, any one of the high-efficiency control target boilers is transferred to a combustion position higher than the high-efficiency combustion position, After all of the efficiency control target boilers have moved to the high efficiency combustion position, any one of the boilers other than the high efficiency control target boiler starts to burn, and the combustion amount increases to increase the high efficiency combustion position. The combustion amount of the high-efficiency control target boiler that has shifted to a combustion position that is higher than the high-efficiency combustion position each time one of the high-efficiency control-target boilers is reached Each time the combustion amount reaches the maximum combustion position where the combustion amount is maximized, any one of the remaining boilers other than the high-efficiency control target boiler that has not started combustion is configured to start combustion. Features.

  According to the boiler system of the present invention, when the combustion amount of the boiler group is increased, the boiler group is moved to a combustion position higher than the high efficiency combustion position after all the boilers subject to high efficiency control are shifted to the high efficiency combustion position. High efficiency combustion is possible.

  Also, when the amount of combustion in the boiler group increases, after all of the boilers subject to high efficiency control have moved to the high efficiency combustion position, combustion of boilers other than those subject to high efficiency control is started. Since each combustion position of the high-efficiency control target boiler is raised every time the combustion position is shifted to, the start / stop loss is suppressed when all of the high-efficiency control target boilers are in the high-efficiency combustion position, and the required load is tracked. Improves.

  In addition, when the amount of combustion in the boiler group increases, any high efficiency control target boiler reaches the maximum combustion position, and combustion is not started every time the combustion amount at the maximum combustion position is insufficient to the required combustion amount. Since combustion of boilers other than those targeted for efficiency control is started, start / stop loss is suppressed and followability to the required load is improved.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the boiler system according to claim 4, wherein the boiler is a four-position control boiler capable of controlling combustion in a low combustion state, a middle combustion state, and a high combustion state, The combustion amount in the middle combustion state is ½ or less of the combustion amount in the high combustion state, the combustion amount in the low combustion state is ½ or less of the combustion amount in the middle combustion state, and the middle combustion state is high. It is an efficient combustion position.

  According to the boiler system of the present invention, the middle combustion state is the high efficiency combustion position, the combustion amount in the middle combustion state is ½ or less of the high combustion state, and the combustion amount in the low combustion state is the middle combustion state. Since it is set to 1/2 or less, when the amount of combustion to be reduced is 1/2 or less of the middle combustion state, it is possible to cope by setting the middle combustion state to the low combustion state, so it is necessary to start and stop Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in followability.

  According to the control program, the control device, and the boiler system according to the present invention, combustion control of a boiler group including a plurality of boilers having a high-efficiency combustion position that is controlled at a stepwise combustion position and burns at a higher efficiency than other combustion positions. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the start / stop loss while maintaining high combustion efficiency, and to improve the followability to the required load.

It is a figure showing the outline of the boiler system concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the combustion band of the boiler which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining an example of the combustion order which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining an example of the control program which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining operation | movement of the boiler system by which the high-efficiency combustion position which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is made into a middle combustion position, (A) is the number of setting number, (B) is the setting number of 2 (C) is a figure which shows the case where the set number is zero.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a boiler system according to the present invention, and reference numeral 1 denotes a boiler system.

The boiler system 1 includes a boiler group 2 including a plurality of boilers, a control unit 4, a steam header 6, and a pressure sensor 7 provided in the steam header 6, and steam generated in the boiler group 2 is generated. The steam can be supplied to the steam use facility 18.
In this embodiment, the required load is the amount of steam consumed by the steam using facility 18, and the steam pressure P in the steam header 6 that is the control target is detected by the pressure sensor 7, and control is performed based on the pressure P. The part 4 controls the combustion amount of the boiler group 2.

  The boiler group 2 includes, for example, a first boiler 21, a second boiler 22, a third boiler 23, a fourth boiler 24, and a fifth boiler 25, and five steams It consists of a boiler.

  In this embodiment, the first boiler 21,..., The fifth boiler 25 are configured to have the same combustion amount and combustion capacity at each combustion position, and are in a combustion stopped state and a low combustion state (first combustion state). ), The middle combustion state (corresponding to the second combustion position), and the combustion control in the high combustion state (corresponding to the third combustion position) are possible, and the third combustion position which is the highest combustion position The amount of combustion in is the combustion capacity of each boiler.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the amount of combustion at each combustion position of the first boiler 21,..., And the fifth boiler 25, and the vertical axis represents the combustion rate. The first boiler 21,..., The fifth boiler 25 has, for example, a first combustion position indicated by j = 1 that is 20% of the combustion capacity (100%) indicated by j = 3, The combustion amount at the second combustion position indicated by j = 2 is 40% of the combustion capacity, the combustion amount at the second combustion position is ½ or less of the third combustion position, and the first combustion position The second combustion position is the high-efficiency combustion position with the highest combustion efficiency.

Further, the first boiler 21,..., The fifth boiler 25 is set with a priority order i indicating the order in which combustion control is performed, and each boiler outputs a control signal according to the priority order i. It has become.
The priority order i in this embodiment is set in the order of the first boiler 21 to the fifth boiler 25.

Each boiler has a plurality of combustion positions j corresponding to an increase in the combustion amount, and is configured such that the combustion amount increases as the value of the combustion position j increases.
In this embodiment, the first boiler 21,..., The fifth boiler 25 are respectively a first combustion position (j = 1), a second combustion position (j = 2), and a third combustion position ( j = 3), and the boiler group 2 is composed of 15 virtual boilers corresponding to the combustion order J.

  The control unit 4 includes an input unit 4A, a calculation unit 4B, a database 4D, and an output unit 4E, and the required combustion amount of the boiler group 2 in the calculation unit 4B based on the required load input from the input unit 4A. The combustion state (combustion stop or combustion position) of each boiler corresponding to the GN and the required combustion amount GN is calculated, and the combustion is controlled by outputting a control signal from the output unit 4E to each boiler.

The input unit 4 </ b> A is connected to the pressure sensor 7 through the signal line 13, and receives a pressure signal in the steam header 6 detected by the pressure sensor 7 through the signal line 13.
The input unit 4 </ b> A is connected to each boiler via a signal line 14, and information such as a combustion position of each boiler is input via the signal line 14.
Further, the input unit 4A is connected to the number setting means 15, and can set the target number (hereinafter referred to as the set number) K of high efficiency combustion control boilers controlled on the basis of combustion at the high efficiency combustion position. It is said that.

For example, when the amount of combustion of the boiler group is increased, the high-efficiency control target boiler performs the transition operation to the high-efficiency combustion position by the input high-efficiency combustion transition signal and the high-efficiency combustion transition signal is output After that, the control signal that is output next is the combustion start signal of the other boiler, and the combustion control signal that shifts to the combustion position higher than the high efficiency combustion position is the high efficiency combustion transition signal for all the high efficiency controlled boilers. It must be output.
Further, when the set number K is set by the number setting means 15, after all the boilers targeted for the set number K have reached the high-efficiency combustion position, combustion is started to the non-target boiler as necessary. A signal is output.
The combustion start of the target boiler is performed according to the priority order i of each boiler.

  The calculation unit 4B reads a control program stored in a storage medium (not shown) (for example, a ROM (Read Only Memory)), executes the control program, and stores the control program in the steam header 6 based on the pressure signal from the pressure sensor 7. The steam pressure P is calculated, and the necessary combustion amount GN for obtaining the pressure P within the allowable range of the set pressure PT (the upper limit and lower limit set values) is obtained by associating the pressure P with the database 4D. It is like that.

  Moreover, the combustion order J of the virtual boilers constituting the boiler group 2 is made to correspond to the priority order i and the combustion position j of the first boiler 21,... Combustion control is performed for this purpose.

In this specification, the virtual boiler refers to two positions that can generate a combustion amount obtained by subtracting the combustion amount at one combustion position from the combustion amount at one combustion position in a boiler group or one boiler. This corresponds to a boiler (a boiler capable of generating a one-stage combustion amount by ON-OFF control configured from a combustion stopped state and one combustion state).
For example, when a three-position boiler that can control a combustion stop state, a low combustion state (first combustion position), and a high combustion state (second combustion position) is represented by a virtual boiler, a combustion amount in a low combustion state is generated. A first virtual boiler and a second virtual boiler that generates a combustion amount that increases when shifting from a low combustion state to a high combustion state (= combustion amount in a high combustion state−combustion amount in a low combustion state) When the first virtual boiler is burned, a combustion amount in a low combustion state is generated. When the second virtual boiler is burned, the combustion amount of the first virtual boiler and the combustion amount of the second virtual boiler are calculated. The total combustion amount in the high combustion state of the three-position boiler is generated.

Note that the combustion order J of the boiler group corresponds to the combustion order of the virtual boiler controlled by the control signal output in the Jth, and the combustion amount of the virtual boiler of the combustion order J is combusted in the boiler group. Subtract the total combustion amount of the boiler group when the boiler corresponding to the virtual boiler of the combustion order (J-1) burns from the total combustion amount of the boiler group when the boiler corresponding to the virtual boiler of the order (J) burns Equivalent to the difference.
Further, from this, the combustion amount of the virtual boiler of the combustion order (J) corresponds to the combustion amount that increases when the boiler of the priority order i corresponding to the virtual boiler is shifted to the corresponding combustion position.

The database 4D stores the necessary combustion amount GN of the boiler group 2 necessary for adjusting the pressure P in the steam header 6 detected by the pressure sensor 7 within the allowable range of the set pressure (target pressure) PT. Yes.
Further, a combustion amount Fi (j) at each combustion position of each boiler constituting the boiler group 2 is stored. Here, in the combustion amount Fi (j), i indicates the priority order, and j indicates the combustion position of each boiler.

The output unit 4E is connected to the first boiler 21,..., The fifth boiler 25 by the signal line 16, and the combustion control signal calculated by the calculation unit 4B is used as the first boiler 21,. The output is output to the fifth boiler 25.
The combustion control signal is composed of, for example, boiler priority i and combustion position j, and controls combustion at the specified boiler combustion position.

The upstream side of the steam header 6 is connected to the boiler group 2 (first boiler 21,..., Fifth boiler 25) via the steam pipe 11, and the downstream side is connected to the steam using facility 18 via the steam pipe 12. The steam which is connected and adjusts the pressure difference and the pressure fluctuation of the first boiler 21,..., The fifth boiler 25 by collecting the steam generated in the boiler group 2, and pressure-adjusted steam. Is supplied to the steam use facility 18.
The steam use facility 18 is a facility that is operated by steam from the steam header 6.

Hereinafter, the combustion control of the boiler group 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
FIG. 3 is an example in which the combustion order J of the boiler group according to the present invention is generalized. For example, N boilers having 1 to M combustion positions with the Mth combustion position as the highest combustion position are installed. 1 shows an M × N virtual boiler formed in a boiler group configured as described above.
In addition, the boiler group 2 is an example at the time of being comprised from five boilers (N = 5) which makes a 3rd combustion position (M = 3) the highest combustion position.

FIG. 3 shows the combustion order J of the virtual boilers constituting the boiler group, the priority order i (1 ≦ i ≦ N) of each boiler, and the combustion position j (1 ≦ j ≦ M of each boiler, the combustion stopped state J = 0), the set number of high-efficiency control target boilers is K, and the combustion position j = L for high-efficiency combustion.
Note that the combustion order J = 0 of the boiler group corresponds to the combustion stop state of the priority order i = 1.

  <1> to <3> in FIG. 3 are ranges in which the pattern of the combustion order is different when the combustion amount is increased, and the combustion control in the combustion order J belonging to each of the above ranges is necessary at the maximum combustion amount in each range. When the amount of combustion is insufficient, it shifts to the next range.

Also, the arrows shown in FIG. 3 indicate the order in which combustion shifts when the combustion control signal is output according to the combustion order J (1 ≦ J ≦ M × N) of the boiler group, depending on the priority order i and the combustion position j of the boiler. The thick shaded arrows indicate the part where the combustion position increases in each boiler, the solid line arrow indicates the part where combustion shifts to another boiler with the increase of the combustion position j, and the dotted line arrow indicates The part which combustion transfers to another boiler with the combustion position j reduction is shown.
The combustion stop state of the boiler group is J = 0, and in this case, priority order i = 1 and combustion position j = 0 correspond.

The range from <1> to <3> is indicated by a two-dot chain line.
For example, the combustion control in the range of <1> will be described with reference to FIG. 3. When the virtual boiler with the combustion order J = 1 is controlled to burn when the boiler group starts to burn, the boiler with the priority order i = 1 is the first. When the combustion is started at the combustion position (j = 1) and the combustion amount is increased as necessary, the Lth combustion position (combustion position j = L) corresponding to the virtual boiler of the combustion order J = L. ). (The transition portion of the combustion position j (1 ≦ j ≦ L) indicated by the thick arrow shaded in the boiler with the priority i = 1)
Next, when the combustion amount at the Lth combustion position (combustion position j = L) is insufficient to the required combustion amount, the control proceeds to the combustion control of the virtual boiler in the combustion order (J = L + 1). In this case, the dotted arrow It shifts to the first combustion position (j = 1) with the priority order i = 2 shown in FIG.
When the combustion control of the virtual boiler with the combustion order J ((L + 1) ≦ J ≦ 2L) is performed, the combustion amount of the boiler with the priority (i = 2) is increased to the Lth combustion position (combustion position j = L). To reach.
This combustion control is repeated up to the combustion position (j = L) of the boiler with the priority (i = K).
Similarly, the combustion control in the range <2> and <3> in FIG.

  In addition, when the combustion is started, the combustion amount of each boiler increases or decreases in preference to the combustion control of other boilers until the combustion stop state is reached or the combustion position j = L, which is a highly efficient combustion position, is reached. It has come to be. That is, during this time, the combustion amount of the other boilers is not increased or decreased.

In FIG. 3, the combustion order J in the range indicated by <1> will be described.
The range indicated by <1> is a boiler that is a target of the high-efficiency control target boiler when the set number K (≧ 1) is set.
In the combustion order J in the range indicated by <1> in the boiler group, the boiler priority order i is equal to or less than the set number K (1 to K), and each boiler starts combustion according to the priority order i, and combustion starts. The boiler is configured to increase the combustion amount in preference to other boilers until it returns to the combustion stop state or reaches the high efficiency combustion position (j = L).
Further, for example, when the combustion amount at the high efficiency combustion position (j = L) of the boiler of priority i is insufficient for the required combustion amount, a combustion start signal is output to the boiler of priority i + 1, and the combustion of the boiler of i + 1 Is supposed to start.

The combustion control in the range indicated by <2> in FIG. 3 will be described.
The output of the control signal to the virtual boiler in the range indicated by <2> is performed when the combustion amount of the virtual boiler in the range indicated by <1> is insufficient for the required combustion amount even if all the virtual boilers in the range indicated by <1> are burned. ing.
In this case, the boiler with the priority i (K + 1) is shifted to the first combustion position (j = 1) and started.

In the range indicated by <2>, the combustion order J of the boiler group is ((L × K) +1) to (L × K) + (NK) × M, and the range indicated by <2-1> It is comprised from the range shown by <2-2>.
The range indicated by <2-1> is the L corresponding to the combustion position from the first combustion position of the boiler whose priority order i is (K + 1) to N to the Lth combustion position j (1 ≦ j ≦ L). It is comprised from x (NK) virtual boilers.
Further, the range indicated by <2-2> is the range from the (L + 1) th combustion position to the (M + 1) th combustion position (j ((L + 1) ≦ j ≦ M)) of the boiler whose priority order i is from 1 to (N−K). And (M−L) × (N−K) virtual boilers.

  The combustion control in the range <2> is performed by alternately shifting the range <2-1> and the range <2-2>, and when the combustion position j is from (L + 1) to M, the Lth Until the combustion position (j = L) is reached or the Mth combustion position (j = M) is reached, a control signal for increasing or decreasing the combustion amount is output in preference to the other boilers.

In the combustion control in <2-1>, the combustion of the boiler is started in accordance with the priority order i ((K + 1) ≦ i ≦ N), and the combustion position j of the boiler that has started combustion is the high-efficiency combustion position (j = L). A control signal for raising the combustion position j is output until the time reaches.
Then, if the required combustion amount is insufficient even when the combustion position j of the boiler reaches the high efficiency combustion position, control is made to one boiler of priority i (1 ≦ i ≦ K) at the high efficiency combustion position. A signal is output and the process proceeds to <2-2>.

Combustion control in <2-2> is performed by outputting a control signal for increasing the combustion position j in the range of <2-2> to the boiler that has received the control signal for shifting to <2-2>.
Next, when the combustion position j of the boiler reaches the maximum combustion position (j = M) and the required combustion amount is insufficient, the combustion stop state within the range of <2-1> is set as the operation target. A combustion start signal is output to one boiler according to the priority order i.
This combustion control is performed until a control signal for shifting to the Mth combustion position is output to the boiler of the priority order i = (NK) in the range of <2-2>.
As a result, when the combustion control is performed in the range <2>, it is possible to secure the boilers at the high efficiency combustion positions for the set number K and to ensure the high efficiency combustion as the boiler group.

Next, combustion control in the range indicated by <3> will be described.
The virtual boiler in the range indicated by <3> outputs a combustion control signal that shifts to <3> when all the virtual boilers in the range indicated by <2> are in a combustion state and the combustion amount is insufficient for the required combustion amount. It has become so.
The combustion order J of the virtual boiler represented by <3> is from ((K × L) + ((N−K) × M) +1) to M × N, and the priority order i is ((N−K) +1. ) To N corresponding to the (L + 1) th combustion position to the Mth combustion position j ((L + 1) ≦ j ≦ M) of the boiler, and K × (M−L) virtuals constituting the boiler group. It consists of a boiler.

  In the combustion control in <3>, a control signal for shifting to a combustion position higher than the high-efficiency combustion position is output in accordance with boiler priority i (((N−K) +1) ≦ i ≦ N). When the combustion position j of the boiler ((L + 1) ≦ j ≦ M) reaches the Mth combustion position (j = M) and the required combustion amount is insufficient, the priority order i of the boiler of the next order is A control signal for shifting to the L + 1 combustion position (j = L + 1) is output until the priority order i reaches N.

  In the combustion control at the (L + 1) th to Mth combustion positions j of the boiler in the range indicated by <3>, after the combustion position j shifts to L + 1, the combustion position j becomes the Lth combustion position (j = Until the return to L) or the Mth combustion position (j = M) is reached, the combustion control of other boilers is performed with priority.

  When the combustion order J is decreased to reduce the combustion amount, the combustion order J, the boiler priority order i, and the combustion position j are shifted in the reverse order of increasing the combustion amount. The order of increasing the combustion amount is stored in a storage device (not shown).

Hereinafter, this control program will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 4 shows an example of a control program for executing the combustion control of the boiler group having the M × N combustion order J composed of N boilers having the combustion position j = M shown in FIG. The flow chart concerning is shown.
The number N of boilers, M related to the highest combustion position, and L related to the high efficiency combustion position are specific characteristics of the boilers constituting the boiler group, for example, a ROM provided when the boiler group is installed. Etc. are set as data.
In this embodiment, the boiler group 2 is composed of five four-position control boilers, where N = 5, M = 3, and L = 2 related to the high efficiency combustion position.

Next, the operation of the boiler system 1 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
(1) First, the boiler system 1 is activated.
In starting, high-efficiency control that controls on the basis of the set pressure PT to be held in the steam header 6 corresponding to the operation of the steam consuming equipment 18 and the high-efficiency combustion position in a desired operation period (for example, week, day, etc.) The set number K of target boilers is input to the input unit 4A and set. In this embodiment, the allowable range for the set pressure PT is set in advance, but may be set in S1.
An initial value J = 1 related to the combustion order J of the virtual boiler is read, and a combustion control signal corresponding to the first combustion position (j = 1) of the boiler of priority i = 1 corresponding to the combustion order J of the virtual boiler Is output.
At this time, the combustion amount G (1) in the combustion order J = 1 of the virtual boiler is set as the current combustion amount. (S1)
(2) (S2) is a step for determining whether or not to perform combustion control. When performing combustion control (YES) or stopping (NO) and performing combustion control, the pressure in the steam header 6 is determined. The process proceeds to acquisition of P (S3), and if not implemented, the combustion control is terminated.
(3) (S3) is a step of acquiring the pressure P in the steam header 6, and the acquisition of the pressure P is calculated based on a signal from the pressure sensor 7.
(4) (S4) is a step of calculating the necessary combustion amount GN necessary for setting the steam pressure within the allowable range of the set pressure PT. The calculated pressure P is compared with the database 4D, and the pressure P is A required combustion amount GN is calculated to be within an allowable range of the set pressure PT (when the pressure P is lower than the set pressure PT, the required combustion amount is calculated from the lower limit).
(5) (S5) is a step of comparing the combustion amount G (J) of the current combustion order J with the necessary combustion amount GN, and the comparison result is G (J) ≧ GN (when the combustion amount is increased) ) Indicates that the required combustion amount GN is covered by the total amount of combustion up to the current virtual boiler (combustion order J).
On the other hand, when G (J) ≧ GN is not satisfied, it is indicated that the required combustion amount GN is insufficient in the total amount of combustion up to the current virtual boiler (combustion order J).
In this embodiment, it is assumed that the combustion amount G (J-1) of the combustion order (J-1) is smaller than the required combustion amount GN.
here,
GN: Necessary combustion amount required to make the steam pressure within the allowable range of the set pressure PT G (J): Sum of the combustion amounts of the virtual boiler up to the combustion order J constituting the boiler group G (J) ≧ GN If it is, the process proceeds to the counter (CTR) (S11) and the period until the next confirmation (S2) is adjusted.
(6) In (S5), if G (J) ≧ GN is not satisfied, the combustion order J is increased by one. (S6)
(7) (S7) is a step of specifying the boiler priority i and the combustion position j corresponding to the combustion order J, and the boiler priority corresponding to the combustion order J when the combustion order J is increased by one. i and the combustion position j are specified.
(8) (S8) is a step of outputting a control signal, and outputs a control signal for increasing the amount of combustion based on the identified priority order i and combustion position j.
(9) The combustion amount Fi (j) is calculated by comparing the combustion position of the boiler specified by the priority order i and the combustion position j of the boiler with the database 4D. (S9)
Fi (j): combustion amount increased by shifting from the combustion position (j-1) to the combustion position j in the boiler of priority i (10) combustion of the boiler corresponding to the combustion order J + 1 after increasing the combustion amount Amount
Calculation is based on G (J + 1) = G (J) + Fi (j). (S10)
(11) The period of the combustion control is adjusted by the counter CTR, and the process proceeds to S2 after a predetermined time related to the period has elapsed. (S11)
In this embodiment, for example, the counter CTR is set so that the next control signal is output after the instruction by the output control signal is reflected in the combustion.
(12) Determine whether the combustion control is performed (YES) or stopped (NO) and continue the combustion control or end the combustion control. (S2)

  Regarding the specification of the boiler priority i and the combustion position j based on the combustion order J of the boiler group in (S7) of the above flow chart, refer to FIG. 3 for each of the above <1>, <2>, and <3>. explain.

First, it is specified whether the combustion order J of the virtual boiler is in the range <1>, <2>, or <3>.
Whether the combustion order J belongs to the range <1>, <2>, or <3> depends on the priority order i of the boiler corresponding to the combustion order J, and the combustion position j is <1>, <2>, <3 It is determined according to which range of>.
(S710) indicates whether the virtual boiler belongs to the range <1>, (S720) whether the virtual boiler belongs to the range <2>, and (S750), the virtual boiler belongs to the range <3>. It is a step for determining whether or not each.
(S740) is a step of determining whether the virtual boiler belongs to the range <2-1> or the range <2-2>.

[Judgment whether the combustion order J is in the range of <1>]
The determination of whether or not it belongs to the range <1> in (S710) is made based on, for example, whether or not the combustion order J ≦ K × L.
When it is determined that the virtual boiler is in the range <1> (S710), the process shifts to the specification (S711) of the boiler priority i and the combustion position j corresponding to the combustion order J and belongs to the range <1>. If not, the process proceeds to (S720).

[Identification of priority order i and combustion position j corresponding to combustion order J in the range of <1>]
The priority order i corresponding to the combustion order J in the case of <1> range, and the combustion position j of the boiler are
Priority i = INT ((J / L) +1)
Boiler combustion position j = mod (J, L)
Identified as (S711)

Here, INT () represents an integer function (rounded down to the nearest decimal point), and mod () represents a remainder function.
The integerization function INT () is used for calculating the priority order i after the control signal for shifting to the high efficiency combustion position (j = L) or the highest combustion position (j = M) is output to the boiler of the priority order i. Since the priority order i is configured to repeat the output of the combustion start signal to the boiler of the next order, the priority of the boiler corresponding to the combustion order J is obtained by obtaining the quotient obtained by dividing the combustion order J by L or M. This is because the rank i (integer) can be calculated.
The reason why 1 is added to INT (J / L) is that the quotient calculated by INT () is calculated by subtracting the decimal point and the priority order i is calculated to be one smaller value.
Further, the remainder function mod () is used for calculating the combustion position j of the boiler because the combustion position j is a remainder mod obtained by subtracting the product of the priority order i and L related to the high efficiency combustion position from the combustion order J of the virtual boiler. This is because (J / L) can be calculated.

[Judgment whether the combustion order J is in the range of <2>]
Whether or not it belongs to the range of <2> in (S720) is determined, for example, by whether or not K × L <combustion order J ≦ (L × K) + (N−K) × M, and K × L If the combustion order J ≦ (L × K) + (N−K) × M, the virtual boiler is determined to be in the range <2> (S720), and the virtual boiler is not in the range <2>. In this case, the process proceeds to S750 in order to determine whether or not the combustion order J is in the range <3>.

[Determination of whether the combustion order J is in the range <2-1> or <2-2>]
If the virtual boiler is in the range <2>, whether the virtual boiler belongs to the range <2-1> or <2-2> is passed via (S730) and (S740). Judgment.
(S740) is a step of determining whether the combustion order J is in the range <2-1> or <2-2>, and the combustion position j corresponding to the combustion order J is related to the high efficiency combustion position. By comparing with L, it is determined whether or not the combustion order J belongs to the range <2-1>.
This is because in the range <2>, the combustion position j shifts from 1 to M regardless of the boiler priority i, and therefore the combustion position j belongs to the range <2-1> when the combustion position j is 1 to L. This is because when the combustion position j is (L + 1) to M, it belongs to the range <2-2>.
In (S720), the combustion position j = mod (J− (K × L), M) of the boiler is calculated,
Boiler combustion position j ≦ L
In the case of <2-1>,
Boiler combustion position j> L
In this case, it belongs to the range <2-2>.
At this time, the remainder of the combustion position number J− (K × L) obtained by subtracting (K × L) from the combustion order J is used in the determination in the range <2> for the virtual boiler in the range <2>. The number is the number obtained by subtracting the number of virtual boilers (K × L) in the range of <1> from the combustion order J, and the remainder obtained by dividing the number by the combustion position M becomes the combustion position j corresponding to the combustion order J. It is.

  (S740) determines whether or not the combustion position j ≦ L. If the combustion position j is equal to or less than the high efficiency combustion position (j = L), that is, YES, the combustion order J is in the range of <2-1>. If it is determined that there is a combustion position j> L and the combustion position j> L, the combustion order J is assumed to be in the range <2-2> and the processing proceeds to (S741).

[Identification of priority order i and combustion position j corresponding to combustion order J in the range of <2-1>]
(S721) is a step for specifying the corresponding priority order i and combustion position j when the combustion order J is <2-1>.
The priority order i and the combustion position j corresponding to the combustion order J in the range <2-1> according to (S721) are:
Priority i = INT ((J− (K × L) / M) + (K + 1))
Boiler combustion position j = mod (J− (K × L), M)
Specified by.
Here, in specifying the priority order i, (K + 1) is added in the range <2-1> because the boiler priority order i is from (K + 1) to N, so <2-1>. This is because the priority order i of the boiler that starts combustion first in the range is (K + 1).

[Identification of priority order i and combustion position j corresponding to combustion order J in the range of <2-2>]
(S741) is a step for specifying the corresponding priority order i and combustion position j when the combustion order J is <2-2>.
The priority order i and the combustion position j corresponding to the combustion order J in the range <2-2> according to (S741) are:
Priority i = INT ((J− (K × L) / M) +1)
Boiler combustion position j = mod (J− (K × L), M)
Identified as
Here, the reason why 1 is added in the specification of the priority order i is the same as in the case of (S711) above.

[Judgment whether the combustion order J is in the range of <3>]
Whether or not it belongs to the range <3> in (S750) is determined based on whether or not the combustion order J ≦ (M × N).
When the combustion order J ≦ (M × N), the priority order i corresponding to the combustion order J and the combustion position j of the boiler exist. Therefore, in order to calculate the corresponding priority order i and the combustion position j of the boiler ( If the combustion order J ≦ (M × N) is not satisfied, the corresponding priority order i and combustion order J do not exist, and the process proceeds to the counter CTR. (S750)

[Specification of Priority i and Combustion Position j corresponding to Combustion Order J in the Range of <3>]
The priority order i and the combustion position j of the corresponding boiler when the combustion order J of the virtual boiler belongs to the range <3> are calculated (S751).
The priority order i corresponding to the combustion order J and the combustion position j of the boiler are
Priority i = (INT ((J − ((K × L) + ((N−K) × M))) / (M−L))) + ((N−K) +1)
Boiler combustion position j = (mod ((J − ((K × L) + ((N−K) × M))), (M−L))) + L
Specified by. (S751)

  Further, when the combustion order J is divisible and the remainder becomes zero in (S711), (S721), (S741), and (S751), the priority order i and the combustion position j are corrected. (S780)

  According to the control program, it is possible to easily specify the boiler priority i and the combustion position j in the boiler group corresponding to the combustion order J of the boiler group, and to easily perform high-efficiency combustion control of the boiler group.

Next, the boiler group 2 combustion order according to the boiler system 1 will be described.
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the combustion order of the boiler group 2. The boiler group 2 is composed of five M = 3 boilers related to the highest combustion position as described above, and L = 2 related to the high efficiency combustion position. It is said that.
In FIG. 5, each square frame represents a virtual boiler that constitutes the boiler group 2, and the number shown in each virtual boiler is the combustion order J of the virtual boiler. Further, the horizontal axis indicates the priority order i of each boiler constituting the boiler group 2, and the vertical axis indicates the combustion position j of each boiler.

FIG. 5A is a diagram showing the combustion order of the boiler group 2 when the set number K = 5.
In this case, since the set number K = 5, the combustion position is shifted to the second combustion position (combustion position j = 2) after the first boiler 21 is started to be in the first combustion position. When the combustion amount is insufficient after reaching the second combustion position, combustion of the second boiler 22 is started. This combustion control is repeated until the second combustion position of the fifth boiler 25 (priority order i = 5) is reached. Further, when the combustion amount at the second combustion position of the fifth boiler 25 is insufficient for the required combustion amount, the first boiler 21 is moved to the third combustion position to increase the combustion amount, and the combustion amount is increased. In the case of shortage, the second boiler 22 is shifted to the third combustion position, and if necessary, the third boiler 23,..., The fifth boiler 25 is shifted to the third combustion position. Increase the amount of combustion.

  As a result, when the amount of combustion of the boiler group 2 is increased, all the boilers are burned at the high-efficiency combustion position and can be operated with high thermal energy efficiency.

Next, FIG. 5B is a diagram showing the combustion order of the boiler group 2 when the set number K = 2.
The virtual boiler combustion order J in the boiler group 2, the boiler priority order i corresponding to the combustion order J, and the combustion position j are as shown in the figure.
As a result, for example, when the required combustion amount in a desired operation period is close to the combustion amount of high efficiency combustion of two boilers, the set number K = 2 is set so that the boiler group 2 has high thermal energy efficiency. You can drive at.

FIG. 5C is a diagram showing the combustion order of the boiler group 2 when the set number K = 0.
The virtual boiler combustion order J in the boiler group 2, the boiler priority order i corresponding to the combustion order J, and the combustion position j are as shown in the figure.
In this case, since the set number K = 0 and no high efficiency control target boiler exists, the combustion control signals are output in the order of the first boiler 21 to the fifth boiler 25 in the order of priority i. ing.
The boiler to which the control signal for starting combustion is output increases the combustion amount until it reaches the second combustion position, and when the combustion amount at the second combustion position is insufficient, the combustion of the next priority boiler A start signal is output.

  According to the boiler system 1 according to the above embodiment, the middle combustion state is set to the high efficiency combustion position, the combustion amount in the middle combustion state is ½ or less of the high combustion state, and the combustion amount in the low combustion state is medium combustion. Therefore, if the amount of combustion to be reduced is less than 1/2 of the middle combustion state, it can be handled by setting the middle combustion state to the low combustion state. There is no need, and a decrease in followability can be suppressed. As a result, the combustion efficiency of the boiler group and the followability to the required load are improved.

  Moreover, according to the boiler system 1, after the combustion of one of the boilers is started, the combustion of other boilers is not started until the boiler returns to the combustion stop state or reaches the high efficiency combustion position. Therefore, the start / stop as the boiler group 2 is suppressed, and followability can be improved.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the boiler group 2 constituting the boiler system 1 is configured by five boilers has been described, but the boiler group 2 is configured by an arbitrary number of boilers of two or more. May be.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the combustion of the boilers constituting the boiler group 2 is performed according to the priority order i and the combustion position j has been described. For example, the control signal of the actual combustion output due to the time lag or the like It may be configured to be performed in an order different from the order or to perform a plurality of combustion operations simultaneously.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the priority order i and the combustion position j of the boiler when the combustion amount of the boiler group 2 is reduced is configured opposite to the case where the combustion amount is increased is described. The priority order of the boiler and the order of the combustion position when reducing the combustion amount may be arbitrarily set.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the case where combustion control of all the five boilers 21 ... 25 which comprise the boiler group 2 was demonstrated, the boiler group 2 is planned by failure, repair, etc., for example. When stopped, it is good also as a structure which carries out combustion control for the one part boiler which can be operate | moved.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a flowchart showing a schematic configuration of the program according to the present invention. The program according to the present invention is configured using a method (algorithm, calculation method) other than the flowchart shown in FIG. Needless to say.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the combustion amount in the boiler group 2 is calculated in association with the database 4D has been described, but the combustion amount corresponding to the required load may be calculated by calculation.

  In the above embodiment, the description has been given of the case where the priority order i and the combustion position j of the boiler corresponding to the combustion order J of the boiler group 2 are calculated and calculated in the flow of the program. A configuration may be adopted in which a matrix or the like is stored in the database 4D and specified in association with the matrix or the like.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the case where the combustion capability of the boiler which comprises the boiler group 2 was set equally was demonstrated, the combustion capability of a part or all of the boiler which comprises the boiler group 2, each The amount of combustion at the combustion position may be set differently.

  Moreover, although the case where the priority i which starts combustion is the 1st boiler 21, ..., the 5th boiler 25 was demonstrated, it is good also as a structure which can change this priority i arbitrarily, for example, Priority is given to the boiler that has reached the combustion position when a control signal reaching the combustion stop state, the high-efficiency combustion position, the highest combustion position, or the like is output to the boiler that has been combustion-controlled based on a preset temporary priority order. It is good also as a structure which changes the setting of a priority order by making a priority the lowest.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the boiler controlled the steam pressure, the case where it was a steam boiler controlled by detecting the steam pressure P with the pressure sensor 7 provided in the steam header 6 was demonstrated. For example, other parameters such as the amount of evaporation and the amount of steam used in the steam using facility 18 may be controlled, or when the pressure P is controlled, means other than the pressure sensor 7 disposed on the steam header 6 may be used. The required load may be detected.
Moreover, it may replace with a steam boiler regarding the boiler which comprises the boiler group 2, and may apply to the hot water boiler by which a control object is made into the temperature difference of warm water.

  Moreover, although the case where ROM was used as a storage medium for storing a program was demonstrated, besides ROM, for example, EP-ROM, hard disk, flexible disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, CD-ROM, CD-R A magnetic tape, a non-volatile memory card, or the like can be used. Further, not only the operation of the above-described embodiment is realized by executing the program read out by the arithmetic unit, but an OS (operating system) operating in the arithmetic unit based on an instruction of the program performs actual processing. This includes a case where the operation of the above embodiment is realized by performing part or all of the above. Furthermore, after the program read from the storage medium is written to the memory provided in the function expansion board inserted in the operation unit or the function expansion unit connected to the operation unit, the function expansion is performed based on the instructions of the program. It goes without saying that the case where the CPU or the like provided in the board or the function expansion unit performs part or all of the actual processing and the operation of the above-described embodiment is realized by the processing.

  According to the control program, the control device, and the boiler system according to the present invention, in combustion control of a boiler group composed of a plurality of boilers having a high efficiency combustion position, the start / stop loss is suppressed while maintaining high combustion efficiency. Since the followability with respect to the load can be improved, it can be used industrially.

K Target number 1 Boiler system 2 Boiler group 4 Control unit (control device)
21, 22, 23, 24, 25 Boiler

Claims (5)

It is possible to control the combustion amount at a staged combustion position, and includes a boiler group composed of a plurality of boilers in which at least one combustion position burns at a higher efficiency than other combustion positions.
A control program for controlling a boiler system configured to be controlled for combustion based on increase or decrease in required load,
When increasing the combustion amount of the boiler group,
After outputting a high-efficiency combustion transition signal for shifting to the high-efficiency combustion position for all high-efficiency control-target boilers controlled on the basis of combustion at the high-efficiency combustion position, Output a control signal to shift to a combustion position higher than the high-efficiency combustion position for
Following the output of the high efficiency combustion transition signal for all the high efficiency controlled boilers,
The combustion start signal is output to any one of the boilers other than the high efficiency control target boiler, the control signal for increasing the combustion amount is output to the boiler, and the high efficiency combustion transition signal is output and the high efficiency combustion is achieved. Each time a transition signal is output, a control signal for shifting to a combustion position higher than the high-efficiency combustion position is output to any of the high-efficiency control target boilers,
A control signal for increasing the combustion amount is output to the boiler for which the high-efficiency control is performed and the control signal for shifting to a combustion position higher than the high-efficiency combustion position is output. Each time the highest combustion position transition signal is output, the combustion start signal is output to any of the remaining boilers other than the high efficiency control boiler that has not received the combustion start signal after outputting the highest combustion position transition signal. A control program configured to do so.   A control apparatus comprising the control program according to claim 1.   A boiler system comprising the control device according to claim 2. It is possible to control the combustion amount at a staged combustion position, and includes a boiler group composed of a plurality of boilers in which at least one combustion position burns at a higher efficiency than other combustion positions.
A boiler system configured to be combustion controlled based on an increase or decrease in required load,
When increasing the combustion amount of the boiler group,
After all of the high efficiency control target boilers controlled on the basis of combustion at the high efficiency combustion position have shifted to the high efficiency combustion position, any of the high efficiency control target boilers is higher than the high efficiency combustion position. To the combustion position,
After all the high efficiency controlled boilers have moved to the high efficiency combustion position,
When any one of the boilers other than the high-efficiency control target boiler starts to burn and the amount of combustion increases to reach the high-efficiency combustion position, any of the high-efficiency control target boilers is more than the high-efficiency combustion position. Move to a higher combustion position,
When the combustion amount of the high efficiency controlled boiler that has shifted to a combustion position higher than the high efficiency combustion position increases and reaches the maximum combustion position where the combustion amount is maximized, the remaining high that has not started combustion A boiler system, wherein any one of the boilers other than the efficiency control target boiler is configured to start combustion. The boiler system according to claim 4,
The boiler is a four-position control boiler that can control combustion in a low combustion state, a middle combustion state, and a high combustion state,
The combustion amount in the middle combustion state is ½ or less of the combustion amount in the high combustion state, the combustion amount in the low combustion state is ½ or less of the combustion amount in the middle combustion state, and the middle combustion state is high. A boiler system characterized by being an efficient combustion position.

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