JP5466896B2 - Onshore power supply cable reel - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a land power supply cable reel (hereinafter referred to as a land power supply cable reel) used when a ship is moored at a port and power is supplied from the land to the ship.

In recent years, environmental protection campaigns such as global warming have been actively carried out, and interest in air pollution is particularly high, and attention has been focused on reducing exhaust gases (CO ₂ , NOx, SOx, etc.) emitted during operation of internal combustion engines. Has been.

  When a ship is moored at a port, power is supplied to the ship using an onboard generator, but since the onboard generator uses an internal combustion engine, the generated exhaust gas has an adverse effect on the environment. There is.

  As one of the methods for reducing the exhaust gas of a ship, a system that supplies power from land instead of stopping a generator of a ship that has been anchored, that is, a so-called idling stop for a ship is promising. This system is called Cold Ironing System or AMP (Alternative Maritime Power).

  Thus, in recent years, in order to reduce the exhaust gas of a ship, while a ship is moored at a port, it is performed to receive power from the land and stop the generator in the ship (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).

  When using a power supply cable to electrically connect power equipment on the shore (quay) side and power equipment on the ship side, the power supply cable that supplies power from the land to the ship is the height of the quay, the mooring location of the ship, etc. Since the length changes depending on the cable reel, a cable reel is mounted on a ship and power is received from the land via the cable reel.

JP 2005-237151 A Registered Utility Model No. 3126684

  However, in ships, there are tides while anchored and vertical movement depending on the amount of cargo loaded on the ship. For example, a large container ship, etc., is moored at one port for about a week. The relationship between the height of the quay and the ship changes due to tides, and the power supply cable may be pulled and disconnected. On the other hand, there is a problem that the cable is loosened and interferes with other structures to be damaged.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a land electric power feeding cable reel capable of stably feeding power from land to a ship without damaging the cable during use.

The present invention has been made in order to achieve the above object, a vertical to a land power feeding cable reel that will be mounted on a ship, when the ship is moored in port, on land from the marine vessel The power supply cable that supplies power to the power receiving equipment of the ship from the onshore power supply equipment, the winding drum that winds the power supply cable, and the relationship between the height position of the ship and the quay is changed. An auto-tension mechanism that controls the tension applied to the power supply cable to be constant in order to prevent the power supply cable from being slackened or over-tensioned, and the auto-tension mechanism drives the winding drum. A motor for driving the motor at a constant torque, an inverter for outputting a constant current to the motor, and a brake directly connected to the motor. The motor is set on the basis of the take-up torque on the weight of the power supply cable, the brake, the inverter is a land power feeding cable reel is prevented from releasing the brake until fully operational.

The auto tension mechanism controls the tension applied to the power supply cable to be constant even when the power supply cable is pulled down from the ship to the land and when the power supply cable is wound up from the land to the ship. May be.

  The auto-tensioning mechanism includes an automatic mode in which a constant tension is applied to the power supply cable, and the power supply cable is automatically sent out and wound up following the vertical movement of the ship. It may be possible to switch to a manual mode for performing winding.

  The auto-tensioning mechanism may be set so that a feeding / winding speed in the automatic mode is faster than that in the manual mode.

  A limit switch that detects the amount of winding of the power feeding cable by detecting the rotation of the winding drum on the winding drum, and emergency stop the rotation of the winding drum when the power feeding cable is overwound and overdrawn. May be provided.

  The limit switch includes alarm means for outputting a pre-alarm when the amount of winding of the power supply cable exceeds a predetermined threshold and when the amount of withdrawal of the power supply cable exceeds a predetermined threshold. You may prepare.

  You may attach a wire grip to the front-end | tip part of the said electric power feeding cable, and fix this wire grip to a land mooring apparatus.

  A retractable cable guide may be provided at the feeding portion of the power supply cable.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a land electric power feeding cable reel that can stably feed power from land to a ship without damaging the cable during use.

It is the schematic of the ship carrying the cable reel for land electric power feeding which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the cable reel for land electric power feeding which concerns on one embodiment of this invention, (a) is a block diagram, (b) is a circuit diagram. In this invention, it is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between the shaft torque of a motor, and rotation speed. It is a figure which shows the cable reel for land electric power feeding which concerns on one embodiment of this invention, (a) is a top view, (b) is the 4B line arrow figure, (c) is the 4C line arrow figure. is there.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a ship equipped with a land electric power supply cable reel according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the land electric power supply cable reel 1 is mounted on a ship 2 such as a container ship, and is supplied from a land power supply facility 4 provided on the quay 3 when the ship 2 is moored in a harbor. A power supply cable 6 for supplying power to the power receiving facility 5 in the ship 2 and a winding drum 7 for winding the power supply cable 6 are provided.

  The terrestrial power supply cable reel 1 connects the land power supply facility 4 provided on the quay 3 and the power receiving facility 5 of the ship 2 via the power supply cable 6 to supply power to the ship 2 from the land.

  A connector 8 is provided at the tip of the power supply cable 6, and the power supply cable 6 is connected to the land power supply facility 4 by this connector 8. Further, a wire grip 9 is attached to the distal end portion of the power supply cable 6. By fixing the wire grip 9 to a land mooring device (not shown), the connector 8 is tensioned and damaged, The connector 8 is prevented from coming off.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the land electric power feeding cable reel 1 according to the present embodiment has a tension applied to the feeding cable 6 on the winding drum 7 by constant torque control by the inverter 10. An auto-tension mechanism 11 is provided to control so as to be always constant.

  The auto tension mechanism 11 includes a motor 12 that drives the winding drum 7 and an inverter 10 that drives the motor 12 with a constant torque by outputting a constant current to the motor 12. The winding drum 7 is constantly applied with a constant torque in the winding direction by a motor 12 controlled at a constant torque by the inverter 10, and a constant tension is always applied to the power supply cable 6. This tension suppresses the slack of the power feeding cable 6.

  By providing the auto tension mechanism 11, the output torque of the motor 12 can be made constant both when the power supply cable 6 is pulled out and when it is wound, and the tension applied to the power supply cable 6 can be kept constant. By continuously operating, it is possible to automatically perform an operation of winding the power supply cable 6 when the power supply cable 6 is loosened and sending the power supply cable 6 when the power supply cable 6 is stretched. For this reason, even if the ship 2 is displaced and the relationship between the height positions of the ship 2 and the quay 3 is changed, the feed cable 6 is not loosened or excessive tension is applied, and damage to the feed cable 6 is prevented. It becomes possible.

  Hereinafter, the auto tension mechanism 11 will be described in detail.

  An AC three-phase induction motor (IM) is used as the motor 12 that is a drive source of the winding drum 7. The output torque of the motor 12 is directly controlled by the inverter 10 that performs vector control. As the motor 12 and the inverter 10, those of continuous rating are used.

  In the present embodiment, frequency and voltage are controlled by the inverter 10 and constant torque control is performed by passing a constant current through the motor 12. Therefore, even if the power supply voltage fluctuates, the output torque of the motor 12 remains constant without change, and the motor 12 is controlled by the vector control by the dedicated inverter 10 so as to generate a set torque regardless of the rotation speed Is done. An example of the relationship between the shaft torque (output torque) of the motor 12 and the rotational speed is shown in FIG.

  The motor 12 is directly attached to the speed reducer 13, and the speed reducer 13 is attached to the winding drum 7. A brake (BR) 14 and a rotary encoder (PLG) 15 are directly connected to the motor 12.

  A rotary encoder 15 directly connected to the motor 12 detects the rotation and rotation direction of the motor 12 and outputs it to the control circuit 16. The control circuit 16 determines a set torque in the inverter 10 based on the signal from the rotary encoder 15 and outputs the determined torque to the inverter 10. Thereby, the output torque of the motor 12 is adjusted to the set torque, and the output torque of the motor 12 is controlled to be constant.

  In the land electric power feeding cable reel 1 according to the present embodiment, since the power feeding cable 6 is lowered almost vertically from the ship 2 to the land (see FIG. 1), the entire weight of the power feeding cable 6 is the winding drum 7. Therefore, the winding torque (output torque of the motor 12) is set based on the weight of the power supply cable 6. The set torque is of course large enough to wind up the drawn power supply cable 6. However, if the set torque is too large, when the power supply cable 6 is tensioned, a cable guide or the like described later is used. Since it may cause unexpected damage to the power supply cable 6, it should not be too large.

  The brake 14 directly connected to the motor 12 is not released until the inverter 10 is fully operated. As a result, even if the power supply cable 6 is pulled out and the power supply is turned off and then the power supply is restored (when the power supply cable 6 is started up from the blackout during auto tension), the power supply cable 6 has its own weight. Will no longer be withdrawn.

  The auto tension mechanism 11 is provided with a current detector 17 that detects a current output from the inverter 10 to the motor 12 (current input to the motor 12). The output from the current detector 17 is output to the control circuit 16, and the control circuit 16 is configured such that when the current output to the motor 12 is larger than a preset threshold value (for example, the maximum rated current of the motor 12), An emergency stop signal is output to the inverter 10 so that the motor 12 is emergency stopped. The inverter 10 is provided with a touch panel 18 for displaying an alarm when an abnormality occurs. The inverter 10 can also output an abnormal signal. The control circuit 16 is packaged (substrate) and mounted on the control panel 19 together with the inverter 10. Note that the parameters (control parameters) of the inverter 10 are stored in the nonvolatile memory on the substrate of the packaged control circuit 16, and therefore do not disappear even if a power failure occurs for a long time.

  The auto tension mechanism 11 is configured in an automatic mode in which a constant tension is applied to the power feeding cable 6 to follow the vertical movement of the ship 2 and the power feeding cable 6 is automatically fed and wound up. It is possible to switch to a manual mode for winding. When switching between the manual mode and the automatic mode, or when performing manual operation in the manual mode, a pendant switch 20 provided on the control panel 19 is used.

  When the ship 2 is anchored at the port and the power supply cable 6 is lowered from the ship to start the power supply from the land, or when the power supply from the land is finished and the power supply cable 6 is wound up, Winding is performed in a manual mode using the pendant switch 20. In this case, the feeding / winding speed of the feeding cable 6 is preferably about 7.5 to 15 m / min.

  On the other hand, after starting the power supply from the land, the automatic mode is switched to keep the tension of the power supply cable 6 constant by unattended operation. At this time, in order to prevent the power supply cable 6 from being damaged by adjusting the cable length of the power supply cable 6 following the sudden movement and inclination of the ship 2 due to the amplitude of the wave, weather, etc. It is preferable that the feed / winding speed is set to about 18 to 22 m / min, and set faster than the manual mode.

  In the present embodiment, the tension applied to the power supply cable 6 is set to an approximately equal value (a constant value) even during winding and withdrawal. That is, at the time of the drawing operation, the control circuit 16 detects that it is the drawing operation, and the torque of the motor 12 is automatically reduced by the reverse mechanical efficiency of the speed reducer 13 or the like (generated by the motor 12 at the time of the drawing operation). The regenerative energy is consumed by the regenerative resistor). For this reason, excessive torque is not applied to the winding drum 7.

  For adjustment of the winding torque of the winding drum 7 (adjustment from the reference torque (= design value)), by using a torque setting resistor (not shown) connected to the inverter 10 and switching the resistor, The set torque can be easily changed. In the present embodiment, it is possible to set in five stages of 240Ω (+ 10%), 380Ω (+ 5%), 560Ω (standard torque), 1 kΩ (−5%), and 2.4 kΩ (−10%). It should be noted that the torque setting resistor can be set in a stepless manner within the range by using a volume specification. The speed in the manual mode (feeding / winding speed) can be set in five stages, but constant torque control is performed even if the feeding / winding speed changes.

  The winding drum 7 is provided with a limit switch 30 that detects the amount of winding of the power feeding cable 6 by detecting the rotation of the winding drum 7. The limit switch 30 monitors the winding amount of the power supply cable 6 and makes the rotation of the winding drum 7 emergency stop when the power supply cable 6 is overwound and overdrawn. In other words, the limit switch 30 detects the drawing limit and winding limit of the power supply cable 6, and stops the rotation of the take-up drum 7 at the time of abnormal drawing and winding to prevent damage to the power supply cable 6.

  The limit switch 30 is a warning means for outputting a pre-alarm when the winding amount of the power supply cable 6 exceeds a predetermined threshold value and when the drawing amount of the power supply cable 6 exceeds a predetermined threshold value. You may prepare. Thereby, it is possible to prevent damage to the power supply cable 6 by detecting the state one stage before the drawing limit and the winding limit with the limit switch 30 and outputting an alarm as a pre-alarm respectively. is there.

  As shown in FIG. 2A and FIGS. 4A to 4C, the feeding cable 6 is wound around the winding drum 7 by one or two (two in FIGS. 2 and 4).

  As the power supply cable 6, in addition to the three power wires for transmitting three-phase alternating current, one ground wire, signal wire, and communication optical fiber wire are combined into one flexible cable. Is used. The signal line core is used, for example, to propagate a pilot signal that detects that the connector 8 is disconnected from the land power supply facility 4. The optical fiber core for communication is used for bidirectional communication between the land and the ship.

  The power line core and the ground wire are collected by a current collecting brush 22 via a slip ring 21 provided coaxially with the winding drum 7 and connected to the power receiving facility 5 of the ship 2 by a cable 23. Similarly, the signal line is also connected to the control device (not shown) of the ship 2 via the slip ring 21 and the current collecting brush 22.

  As the current collecting brush 22, a metal graphite brush (metallic carbon) is used. However, a silver-filled brush should be used when it is necessary to suppress a temperature rise in the current collecting portion, such as when the energizing current is large. Is also possible.

  The optical fiber core is connected to the optical fiber cord 25 in the optical termination box 24, and is connected to the control device (not shown) of the ship 2 through the optical rotary joint 26 by the cord 27 with an optical connector.

  The power supply cable 6 is guided by a cable guide 31 provided at a delivery portion of the power supply cable 6 so as not to be damaged by contact with other facilities, excessive pressure, bending, and the like, and is sent out from the winding drum 7.

  The cable guide 31 is preferably a hydraulic cylinder type or an electric type tiltable type. Thereby, it is possible to effectively utilize the space on the ship by raising the cable guide 31 except when supplying land electric power.

  As described above, in the land power feeding cable reel 1 according to the present embodiment, the winding drum 7 is controlled by constant torque control by the inverter 10 so that the tension applied to the power feeding cable 6 is always constant. An auto tension mechanism 11 is provided.

  In the conventional cable reel, the motor is intermittently operated, and during the time period when the motor is stopped, the feeding cable can be pulled out by slipping the shaft with a torque limiter, etc. During that time, the cable remained loose.

  In the present embodiment, the continuously rated motor 12 and the inverter 10 are used, and during automatic operation, the output torque of the motor 12 is controlled to be always constant. When tension is applied to the winding and feeding cable 6, it can be pulled out.

  That is, by always applying a constant tension to the power supply cable 6 during use by the auto tension mechanism 11, even if the relationship between the height positions of the ship 2 and the quay 3 changes due to the displacement of the ship 2, Excessive tension can be prevented, and the power supply cable 6 is not damaged, and the ship 2 can be stably supplied with power from the land.

  In the land electric power feeding cable reel 1, the motor 12 is driven at a constant torque by outputting a constant current to the motor 12 by the inverter 10 that performs vector control. Therefore, the output of the motor 12 can be used effectively to the maximum, and the motor 12 can be miniaturized. Therefore, the motor 12 can be made compact, and the entire land electric power feeding cable reel 1 can be reduced in size. Moreover, since there is little energy loss, it is energy saving.

  In the land electric power feeding cable reel 1, the control circuit 16 is packaged and almost no external circuit other than the inverter 10 is required, so that the control portion can be greatly reduced in size. Further, since maintenance can be performed by replacing the substrate, maintenance is easy.

  Furthermore, in the land electric power supply cable reel 1, since the sending / winding speed in the automatic mode is set faster than in the manual mode, it follows the rapid movement and inclination of the ship 2 due to wave amplitude, weather, etc. The cable length of the power feeding cable 6 can be adjusted, and the power feeding cable 6 can be prevented from being damaged.

  In the land electric power feeding cable reel 1, the winding drum 7 detects the amount of winding of the power feeding cable 6 by detecting the rotation of the winding drum 7, and also when the power feeding cable 6 is overwound and overdrawn. Since the limit switch 30 for emergency stop of the winding drum 7 is provided, it is possible to prevent the power supply cable 6 from being damaged due to overwinding and overdrawing.

  Further, a warning that outputs a pre-alarm to the limit switch 30 when the amount of winding of the power supply cable 6 exceeds a predetermined threshold and when the amount of withdrawal of the power supply cable 6 exceeds a predetermined threshold. By providing the means, it is possible to prevent the feeding cable 6 from being damaged by detecting the state one stage before the drawing limit and the winding limit with the limit switch 30 and outputting an alarm as a pre-alarm respectively.

  Moreover, in the land electric power supply cable reel 1, the wire grip 9 is attached to the front end portion of the power supply cable 6 and the wire grip 9 is fixed to the land mooring device. It is possible to prevent the connector 8 from being disconnected during power feeding.

  Furthermore, since the land electric power supply cable reel 1 is provided with the retractable cable guide 31 at the feeding portion of the power supply cable 6, by raising the cable guide 31 except when the land power is supplied, It is possible to make effective use of space.

  In the above embodiment, the constant tension control that always applies a constant tension to the power supply cable 6 has been described. However, by providing a winding diameter detector on the winding drum 7, the power supply cable 6 can be controlled in addition to the constant tension control. It is also possible to perform cable length proportional control in which tension proportional to the cable length is applied to the power supply cable 6 and step torque switching control in which the output torque of the motor 12 is switched stepwise in accordance with the cable length of the power supply cable 6.

  The land electric power feeding cable reel 1 of the present invention is housed in a container and mounted on a ship 2, for example. When the land-electric power supply cable reel 1 is housed in the container, the container can be relocated and installed easily when the land-electric power supply cable reel 1 is relocated. Thereby, the land electric power feeding cable reel 1 can be applied to existing and new ships.

1 Cable reel for land power supply (cable reel for land power supply)
2 Ship 3 Quay 4 Land power supply facility 5 Power receiving facility 6 Power supply cable 7 Winding drum 8 Connector 9 Wire grip 10 Inverter 11 Auto tension mechanism 12 Motor

Claims (8)

A land power power supply cable reel that will be mounted on a ship,
When the ship is moored at a harbor, a feed cable that is lowered vertically from the ship to the land and supplies power from the land power supply facility to the power receiving facility of the ship;
A winding drum for winding the power supply cable;
An auto tension mechanism for controlling the tension applied to the power supply cable to be constant in order to prevent the power supply cable from being slackened or over-tensioned due to a change in the relationship between the height position of the ship and the quay. ,
With
The auto tension mechanism includes a motor that drives the winding drum, an inverter that outputs a constant current to the motor to drive the motor with a constant torque, and a brake that is directly connected to the motor,
The motor has a winding torque set based on the weight of the power supply cable,
The cable power reel for land power supply is characterized in that the brake is not released until the inverter is fully operated . The auto tension mechanism controls the tension applied to the power supply cable to be constant even when the power supply cable is pulled down from the ship to the land and when the power supply cable is wound up from the land to the ship. The land reel power supply cable reel according to claim 1.   The auto-tensioning mechanism includes an automatic mode in which a constant tension is applied to the power supply cable, and the power supply cable is automatically sent out and wound up following the vertical movement of the ship. The cable reel for onshore power supply according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cable reel can be switched to a manual mode for winding.   The land tension power supply cable reel according to claim 3, wherein the auto-tensioning mechanism is set so that a feeding / winding speed in the automatic mode is set faster than that in the manual mode.   A limit switch that detects the amount of winding of the power feeding cable by detecting the rotation of the winding drum on the winding drum, and emergency stop the rotation of the winding drum when the power feeding cable is overwound and overdrawn. The land power supply cable reel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is provided.   The limit switch includes alarm means for outputting a pre-alarm when the amount of winding of the power supply cable exceeds a predetermined threshold and when the amount of withdrawal of the power supply cable exceeds a predetermined threshold. The land power supply cable reel according to claim 5 provided.   The cable reel for onshore power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a wire grip is attached to a distal end portion of the power supply cable, and the wire grip is fixed to a land mooring device.   The land power supply cable reel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a retractable cable guide is provided at a feeding portion of the power supply cable.

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