JP5455078B2 - Contactless power supply equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a contactless power supply facility, and more particularly to a power supply device that supplies an alternating current to an induction line or induction coil.

  An example of a conventional power supply device that supplies an alternating current to the induction line is disclosed in Patent Document 1.

This power supply device includes a DC choke to which a direct current is supplied from a positive output terminal of a direct current power source, a primary coil to which a direct current is supplied to a center tap via the DC choke, and a secondary coil to which the induction line is connected. A high frequency transformer,
A capacitor connected in parallel to both ends of the primary coil of the high-frequency transformer, a first switch connected between one end of the primary coil of the high-frequency transformer and the negative output terminal of the DC power supply, and the other end of the primary coil of the high-frequency transformer And a second switch connected between the negative output terminal of the DC power source.

The primary coil and secondary coil of the high-frequency transformer, the induction line, and the capacitor are selected so as to form a resonance circuit that resonates at a predetermined frequency, and switching is performed so that a current flows through the secondary coil at the predetermined frequency. The first switch and the second switch are alternately shifted by 180 ° by the controller. In addition, increase the current flowing to the induction line,
In addition, in order to minimize the influence of the load change, the number of windings on the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer is set to one.

  In this way, the high frequency transformer is insulated from the DC power supply, and a large current having a sine waveform of a predetermined frequency is supplied to the induction line.

Japanese Patent No. 2667054 (FIG. 6)

  However, in the conventional non-contact power supply equipment, the first switch and the second switch are preferably switched with a 180.degree. Shift exactly. However, if the switching timing is shifted and the timing to turn on at the same time is generated, the first switch and the second switch are connected in series. Since there is a capacitor, a loop circuit is formed by the capacitor and is discharged, which wastes energy. In addition, noise current generated by switching goes around the capacitor and wastes energy. In addition, a switching controller is required to switch the first switch and the second switch.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact power supply facility that can avoid waste of energy associated with switching and can eliminate the need for a switching controller.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is arranged along a moving path of a moving body, and arranged at a predetermined position where an alternating current is supplied or an apparatus stays. An induction coil to which an alternating current is supplied, and a receiving coil in which an electromotive force is induced by the magnetic flux generated in the induction line is provided in the moving body, or the device is provided with a magnetic flux generated in the induction coil. A non-contact power supply facility provided with a power receiving coil for inducing electromotive force,
DC power supply for supplying a direct current, DC choke having one end connected to a positive output terminal of the DC power supply, a primary coil with a center tap having a center tap connected to the other end of the DC choke, and the induction line Alternatively, an insulating transformer composed of a secondary coil connected to an induction coil, a resonance capacitor connected in parallel with the secondary coil and forming a resonance circuit with the induction line or the induction coil at a predetermined frequency, and the primary with a center tap A first diode having an anode connected to one end of the coil; a second diode having an anode connected to the other end of the primary coil with a center tap; a cathode of the first diode; and a negative output terminal of the DC power supply device. A first switching element formed by a transistor connected between the second switching element and the second switching element. A second switching element formed by a transistor connected between a cathode of an anode and a negative output terminal of the DC power supply device; one end of the primary coil with a center tap; and a base of the transistor forming the second switching element A cathode connected to the negative output terminal of the DC power supply device and a cathode connected to the other end of the primary coil with the center tap and the base of the transistor forming the first switching element. And a second Zener diode connected to the negative output terminal of the DC power supply device and having an anode connected thereto, and a current flows from one end of the primary coil with a center tap to the first Zener diode. Forming tiger The transistor is driven, and a transistor that forms the first switching element is driven by a current flowing from the other end of the primary coil with the center tap to the second Zener diode, and the transistor that forms the first switching element and the transistor The transistors forming the second switching element are alternately driven so that an alternating current flows through the secondary coil at the predetermined frequency.

  According to the above configuration, when a direct current is supplied from the direct current power supply device to the primary coil with the center tap via the DC choke, and a current flows from one end of the primary coil with the center tap to the first Zener diode, the first Zener diode Is applied to the base of the second transistor to drive the second transistor, and a current flows through the second diode to which the cathode is connected, and the direction of the current flowing through the primary coil is Vice versa. Then, the base voltage of the second transistor becomes 0, the first transistor is driven by applying the Zener voltage of the second Zener diode to the base of the first transistor, and the first transistor having the cathode connected to the first transistor. A current flows through the diode, and the direction of the current flowing through the primary coil is reversed. In this way, the first transistor and the second transistor are alternately turned on, and the direction of the current flowing through the primary coil is reversed each time. Along with this, a reverse current flows alternately to the secondary coil, but the current flows best when the circuit composed of the resonant capacitor and the induction line or the induction coil has a predetermined frequency that forms the resonant circuit. The one transistor and the second transistor are driven at a predetermined frequency of the circuit. That is, an alternating current is supplied to the induction line or the induction coil at a predetermined frequency of the circuit by self-oscillation. Therefore, a switching controller for driving the transistor (switching element) is not necessary.

  At this time, even if the switching timing of the switching element is shifted and the timing of turning on at the same time occurs, there is no capacitor connected to the switching element, and because there is the first diode and the second diode, With the operation, the circulating current does not flow through the loop circuit including the switching element, and the energy loss is reduced. In addition, the diode has a recovery current, and when a reverse voltage is applied, the current flows instantaneously, but since only the primary coil is connected, the circulating current does not flow through the loop circuit, resulting in energy loss. Is reduced.

The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1 , wherein the frequency of the alternating current flowing through the induction line or the induction coil is greater than the predetermined frequency due to the presence of the power receiving coil of the mobile body or device. It is characterized by lowering.

  According to the above configuration, the resonance capacitor and the induction line or the induction coil form a resonance circuit at a predetermined frequency. However, since the impedance increases due to the presence of the power receiving coil of the moving body or device, the resonance frequency decreases, and the self Accordingly, the oscillating frequency also falls below the predetermined frequency.

The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 2 , wherein a rating of a load connected to the power receiving coil is set based on the reduced frequency. is there.

  According to the said structure, the rating of the load electrically fed from the receiving coil of a moving body or an apparatus is preset so that it can drive with the reduced frequency.

The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the induction coil and the power receiving coil are cores formed in a U shape in a side view. The voltage that is wound around the legs on both sides and is induced in the power receiving coil is limited to a predetermined voltage or less by saturation of the core.

  According to the above configuration, the voltage of the power receiving coil does not become higher than the predetermined voltage due to the saturation of the core, so that the power received by the power receiving coil is limited, thereby preventing the induction coil from being overloaded.

The invention described in claim 5 is the invention described in claim 4 , characterized in that the core of the power receiving coil is smaller than the core of the induction coil.

  According to the above configuration, since the core of the power receiving coil is smaller than the core of the induction coil, even if the position where the core of the power receiving coil stays deviates from the position of the core of the induction coil, the voltage required for the power receiving coil Is induced.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an induction line that is arranged along a moving path of a moving body and to which an alternating current is supplied, or an induction coil that is arranged at a predetermined position where the device stays and is supplied with an alternating current. The moving body is provided with a power receiving coil in which electromotive force is induced by magnetic flux generated in the induction line, or the device is provided with a power receiving coil in which electromotive force is induced by magnetic flux generated in the induction coil. Contact power supply equipment,
DC power supply for supplying a direct current, DC choke having one end connected to a positive output terminal of the DC power supply, a primary coil with a center tap having a center tap connected to the other end of the DC choke, and the induction line Alternatively, an insulating transformer composed of a secondary coil connected to an induction coil, a resonance capacitor connected in parallel with the secondary coil and forming a resonance circuit with the induction line or the induction coil at a predetermined frequency, and the primary with a center tap A first switching element formed of a transistor connected between one end of a coil and a negative output terminal of the DC power supply device; a second end of the primary coil with a center tap; and a negative output terminal of the DC power supply device A second switching element formed by transistors connected between the anode and the anode A first constant current diode connected to one end of a primary coil with a center tap and a cathode are connected to a cathode of the first constant current diode and a base of a transistor forming the second switching element, and an anode is the direct current A first Zener diode connected to the negative output terminal of the power supply device, a second constant current diode connected to the other end of the primary coil with the center tap, and a cathode connected to the cathode of the second constant current diode And a second Zener diode connected to the base of the transistor forming the first switching element and having an anode connected to the negative output terminal of the DC power supply device, and from the one end of the primary coil with the center tap to the first 1 constant current diode and the first Zener diode When the current flows, the transistor forming the second switching element is driven. At this time, the electric charge at the base of the second transistor is discharged to one end of the primary coil, and the second transistor is completely turned off. The transistor that forms the first switching element is driven by a current flowing from the other end of the tapped primary coil to the second constant current diode and the second Zener diode. At this time, the charge at the base of the first transistor is the primary charge. The first transistor is discharged to the other end, and the first transistor is in a non-conductive state.

  According to the above configuration, when a direct current is supplied from the direct current power supply device to the primary coil with the center tap via the DC choke, the direct current is supplied to the first Zener diode via the first constant current diode. Or supplied to the second Zener diode via the second constant current diode, and the Zener voltage of the first Zener diode or the second Zener diode forms the base of the transistor forming the first switching element or the second switching element. Either the first switching element or the second switching element, which is applied to the base of the transistor and the Zener voltage reaches a predetermined base voltage with little time delay, is turned on, and the circuit is started. When the first switching element is driven, the base charge of the second switching element is discharged, and when the second switching element is driven, the base charge of the first switching element is discharged. . Thereby, the stability of the switching operation is ensured.

  At this time, even if the switching timing of the switching element is shifted and the timing of turning on at the same time occurs, there is no capacitor connected to the switching element, so that the circuit is circulated to the loop circuit including the switching element as the switching element operates Energy does not flow and energy loss is reduced.

Also, by using a constant current diode to raise the Zener voltage that supplies the base voltage of the transistor that forms the switching element, the Zener voltage can be raised stably without time lag, ensuring more stable switching operation. Is done.
The invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to claim 6 , wherein an anode is connected to a cathode of the first constant current diode, and a cathode is connected to one end of the primary coil with the center tap. The first switching diode, the anode is connected to the cathode of the second constant current diode, and the cathode is connected to the other end of the center coil with the center tap. Is.
According to the above configuration, when a direct current is supplied from the direct current power supply device to the primary coil with the center tap via the DC choke, the direct current is supplied to the first Zener diode via the first constant current diode. Or supplied to the second Zener diode via the second constant current diode, and the Zener voltage of the first Zener diode or the second Zener diode forms the base of the transistor forming the first switching element or the second switching element. It is applied to the base of the transistor, the zener voltage, either the first switching element or the second switching element reaches a predetermined base voltage less time delay is turned on, rises circuit. When the first switching element is driven, the charge of the base of the second switching element is discharged via the first switching diode, and when the second switching element is driven, the second switching diode. As a result, the charge on the base of the first switching element is discharged. Thereby, the stability of the switching operation is ensured.

In the non-contact power supply facility of the present invention, the first transistor and the second transistor are alternately turned on, and the current flowing in the primary coil is reversed every time, so that the current in the reverse direction is alternately reversed in the secondary coil. However, since the current flows best when the circuit composed of the resonant capacitor and the induction line or the induction coil has a predetermined frequency that forms the resonant circuit, the first transistor and the second transistor have the predetermined frequency of the circuit. By being driven, that is, by self-oscillation, an alternating current is supplied to the induction line or the induction coil at a predetermined frequency of the circuit, so that the switching controller for driving the transistor (switching element) can be eliminated. Yes.
In the contactless power supply facility of the present invention, even if the switching timing of the switching element is shifted and the timing of turning on at the same time occurs, there is no capacitor connected to the switching element, and the first diode and the second diode are Therefore, the circulating current does not flow in the loop circuit including the switching element with the operation of the switching element, energy loss can be reduced, and the diode has a recovery current and the reverse voltage is applied. Although the current flows instantaneously, since only the primary coil is connected, the circulating current does not flow in the loop circuit, and the energy loss can be reduced.

  In addition, the contactless power supply facility of the present invention uses a constant current diode to raise the Zener voltage for supplying the base voltage of the transistor forming the switching element, thereby stably raising the Zener voltage without time delay. Therefore, the stability of the switching operation can be further secured.

Circuit diagram of contactless power supply facility in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Sectional view of induction coil and receiving coil of the contactless power supply equipment Perspective view of induction coil and receiving coil of the contactless power supply equipment Circuit diagram of non-contact power feeding equipment in Embodiment 2 of the present invention Circuit diagram of non-contact power feeding equipment in Embodiment 3 of the present invention Circuit diagram of non-contact power feeding equipment in Embodiment 4 of the present invention Circuit diagram of non-contact power feeding equipment in Embodiment 5 of the present invention

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a contactless power supply facility according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the primary side (power supply side) includes a DC power supply device 11, a power supply device 12, and a power supply unit 13, and the secondary side (power reception side) includes a power reception unit 15. The power supply unit 13 is disposed at a predetermined position where an apparatus (not shown) including the power receiving unit 15 moves and stays. In FIG. 1, the movement path 17 of the apparatus is indicated by a one-dot chain line.

  The DC power supply device 11 is supplied with power from an AC commercial power supply, performs AC-DC conversion, and supplies a DC current of a rated DC voltage to the power supply device 12.

The power feeding device 12 is
A DC choke 21 having one end connected to the positive output terminal of the DC power supply device 11 and supplied with a DC current;
A primary coil 22 with a center tap having a center tap 22 a connected to the other end of the DC choke 21, and a secondary coil 23 facing the primary coil 22 and connected to an induction coil 42 (described later) of the power supply unit 13. An insulating transformer 24,
A resonant capacitor 25 connected in parallel with the secondary coil 23 of the insulating transformer 24 and forming a resonant circuit with the induction coil 42 of the power supply unit 13 at a predetermined frequency;
A first diode 26 having an anode connected to one end 22b of the primary coil 22 with a center tap;
A second diode 27 having an anode connected to the other end 22c of the primary coil 22 with the center tap;
A first resistor 28 and a first Zener diode 29 connected in series between one end 22b of the primary coil 22 with a center tap and the negative output terminal of the DC power supply device 11,
A first gate resistor 30 having one end connected to a connection point of the first resistor 28 and the first Zener diode 29;
A second resistor 31 and a second Zener diode 32 connected in series between the other end 22c of the primary coil 22 with a center tap and the negative output terminal of the DC power supply device 11;
A second gate resistor 33 having one end connected to a connection point of the second resistor 31 and the second Zener diode 32;
A first (NPN) with a surge killer (diode) having a collector connected to the cathode of the first diode 26, an emitter connected to the negative output terminal of the DC power supply device 11, and a base connected to the other end of the second gate resistor 33. ) Transistor (an example of a first switching element) 35;
A collector is connected to the cathode of the second diode 27, an emitter is connected to the negative output terminal of the DC power supply device 11, and a second (NPN) with a surge killer (diode) whose base is connected to the other end of the first gate resistor 30. ) A transistor (an example of a second switching element) 36 and an air-cooling cooling fin (not shown) in which these components are arranged.

  The cathode of the first Zener diode 29 is connected to one end 22b of the primary coil 22 with a center tap via the first resistor 28, and the anode of the first Zener diode 29 is connected to the negative output terminal of the DC power supply device 11. ing. The cathode of the second Zener diode 32 is connected to the other end 22c of the primary coil 22 with a center tap via the second resistor 31, and the anode of the second Zener diode 32 is connected to the negative output terminal of the DC power supply device 11. ing.

  With the configuration of the power feeding device 12, the current flows from the one end 22 b of the center coil with the center tap 22 to the first Zener diode 29, so that the second transistor 36 is driven, and the second transistor 22 c from the other end 22 c of the center coil with the center tap has The first transistor 35 is driven when a current flows through the Zener diode 32.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the power supply unit 13 combines a flat ferrite core member 41 in a U shape in a side view, and further horizontally combines the ferrite core member 41 at the ends of both leg portions 13A. The induction coil 42 is wound around each of the letter-shaped leg portions 13A to form a power feeding part 43, and the two power feeding parts 43 are arranged in series in the direction of movement X of the power receiving unit 15 on the aluminum flooring 44. It is arranged and arranged to line up.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the power reception unit 15 includes a power reception unit 52 (FIG. 2) around which a power reception coil 51 is wound, and a resonance capacitor 53 that forms a resonance circuit with the power reception coil 51 as a resonance frequency. And a rectifier 54 connected in parallel to the resonant capacitor 53.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the power receiving unit 52 combines a flat ferrite core member 56 in a U shape in side view, and further horizontally combines the ferrite core members 56 at the ends of both leg portions 52A. The power receiving coil 51 is wound around both the leg portions 52A and is fixed to an aluminum flooring 57. The voltage generated in the power reception unit 52 is limited to a predetermined voltage or less by the saturation voltage of the ferrite core member 56. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the ferrite core member 56 of the power reception unit 52 (power reception coil 51) is made smaller than the ferrite core member 41 of the power supply unit 13 (induction coil 42). The shape (dimension) is slightly smaller than the shape (dimension) of the power feeding unit 43.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the power receiving unit 52 (the power receiving coil 51) includes a ferrite core member 56 disposed at the tips of both legs 52 </ b> A of the power receiving unit 52 at the tips of the four legs 13 </ b> A of the power supply unit 13. It is moved so as to oppose the arranged ferrite core member 41.

  The operation of the above configuration will be described.

  1. When the DC power supply device 11 is connected to a commercial power supply, a DC current is supplied to the DC choke 21 of the power supply device 12. In this state, both the first transistor 35 and the second transistor 36 are off.

  2. The DC current supplied to the DC choke 21 is due to the forward voltage of the diodes 26 and 27, the variation in the characteristics of the transistors 35 and 36, the resistance value error of the resistors 28, 30, 31, and 33, etc., even if the component ratings are the same. There is a difference in the ease of current flow. Here, a current flows from the other end 22c of the primary coil 22 with the center tap to the second Zener diode 32, the base voltage of the first transistor 35 becomes 0.7V, and the first transistor 35 is turned on (conductive) first. It shall be in a state.

  3. Then, the direct current supplied to the DC choke 21 flows from the center tap 22a of the primary coil 22 to the one end 22b, the first diode 26, and the first transistor 35, and from the one end 22b to the first resistor 28 via the first resistor 28. It flows with 29.

  At this time, the charge of the gate of the first transistor 35 flows to the other end 22c of the primary coil 22 with the center tap through the second gate resistor 33 and the second resistor 31, and the gate voltage of the first transistor 35 becomes 0V. At the same time as the first transistor 35 is turned off (non-conducting), the base voltage of the second transistor 36 becomes 0.7 V, and the second transistor 36 is turned on (conducting).

  4). Then, the direct current supplied to the DC choke 21 flows from the center tap 22a of the primary coil 22 to the other end 22c, the second diode 27, and the second transistor 36, and from the other end 22c to the second resistor 31 through the second resistor 31. It flows with the Zener diode 32.

  At this time, the charge of the gate of the second transistor 36 flows to the one end 22b of the primary coil 22 with the center tap through the first gate resistor 30 and the first resistor 28, and the gate voltage of the second transistor 36 becomes 0V. At the same time as the second transistor 36 is turned off (non-conducting), the base voltage of the first transistor 35 becomes 0.7 V, and the first transistor 35 is turned on (conducting).

  Oscillation occurs by repeating the above operation.

  In this way, the first transistor 35 and the second transistor 36 are alternately turned on, and the direction of the current flowing through the primary coil 22 is reversed each time.

  5. Accordingly, a reverse current flows alternately through the secondary coil 23, and the current flows best when the resonance frequency (for example, 15 kHz) of the circuit including the resonance capacitor 25 and the induction coil 42 of the power supply unit 13 is best. Therefore, the first transistor 35 and the second transistor 36 are switched by 180 ° alternately at the resonance frequency. That is, self-oscillation occurs at the resonance frequency of the circuit including the resonance capacitor 25 and the induction coil 42 of the power supply unit 13, and an alternating current having this resonance frequency is supplied to the induction coil 42. Therefore, a control circuit for driving the first transistor 35 and the second transistor 36 is not necessary.

  6). When the power receiving unit 15 moves to face the power supply unit 13, a large electromotive force is generated in the power receiving coil 51 that resonates with the frequency of the induction coil 42 due to the magnetic flux generated in the induction coil 42. The alternating current is supplied to the rectifier 54, and the direct current rectified by the rectifier 54 is supplied to the load of the apparatus. At this time, since the impedance of the circuit connected to the resonance capacitor 25 of the power feeding device 12 increases due to the presence of the power receiving coil 51 of the device, the frequency of the alternating current flowing through the induction coil 42 is the predetermined frequency (the resonance capacitor 25 and the induction capacitor 25). The resonance frequency of the circuit composed of the coil 42 is lowered (for example, lowered to 14 kHz), and the self-oscillating frequency is also lowered accordingly. The power reception coil 51 and the resonance capacitor 53 of the power reception unit 15 are selected so that the decreasing frequency (for example, 14 kHz) is the resonance frequency. Further, since the voltage generated in the power receiving unit 52 (the power receiving coil 51) is limited to a predetermined voltage or less by the saturation voltage of the ferrite core member 56, the power received by the power receiving unit 15 is limited.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, there is no capacitor connected to the transistors 35 and 36 even if the switching timing of the transistors 35 and 36 is shifted and the switching timing occurs at the same time. Due to the presence of the diode 26 and the second diode 27, the circulating current does not flow through the loop circuit including the transistors 35 and 36 in accordance with the operation of the transistors 35 and 36, and is generated when the transistors 35 and 36 are switched. Noise current does not flow, energy loss can be reduced, and there is a recovery current in the diodes 26 and 27, and the current flows at the moment when a reverse voltage is applied, but only the primary coil 22 is connected. Therefore, the circulating current does not flow through the loop circuit, reducing energy loss. It can, thereby improving the efficiency.

  Further, according to the first embodiment, the transistors 35 and 36 are self-oscillated, so that a control circuit for driving the transistors 35 and 36 can be omitted.

  Further, according to the first embodiment, when the power receiving unit 15 is not present, the frequency of the current flowing to the induction coil 42 is higher than when the power receiving unit 15 is present. In other words, energy loss when the power receiving unit 15 is not present can be reduced.

  Further, according to the first embodiment, the ferrite core member 56 of the power receiving coil 51 is smaller in shape than the ferrite core member 41 of the induction coil 42, so that the position where the ferrite core member 56 of the power receiving coil 51 stays is the induction coil. Even if the position of the ferrite core member 41 is shifted from 42, a voltage required for the power receiving coil 51 can be induced.

  Further, according to the first embodiment, since the voltage generated in the power receiving unit 52 is limited to a predetermined voltage or less by the saturation voltage of the ferrite core member 56, the power received by the power receiving unit 15 is limited, and the induction coil It is possible to prevent the 42 side (primary side) from being overloaded.

[Embodiment 2]
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a non-contact power feeding facility according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Note that the same circuit configuration as that of the first embodiment is denoted by the same reference numeral, and description thereof is omitted.

  In the first embodiment, the power supply unit 13 is connected to the resonance capacitor 25. However, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. Are connected to the induction line 62. The induction line 62 is laid along the moving path 61 of the moving body. The power receiving unit 15 is mounted on the moving body and receives power from the induction line 62.

  Since the detailed operation is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description is omitted.

  When power is supplied from the induction line 62 to the plurality of power reception units 15, the impedance of the circuit connected to the resonance capacitor 25 of the power supply device 12 is increased or decreased by the power of the load connected to the power reception unit 15, and the resonance frequency is increased. Since it changes, the electromotive force induced in the power receiving unit 15 changes. The mobile body must be rated so that it can supply power to the load even if the frequency changes and the change in electromotive force changes.

[Embodiment 3]
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a non-contact power supply facility according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Note that the same circuit configuration as that of the first embodiment is denoted by the same reference numeral, and description thereof is omitted.

  In the first embodiment, when the transistors 35 and 36 are switched, the gate voltage of the transistors 35 and 36 that are turned off is released through the resistors 31, 33, 28, and 30 to reduce the gate voltage. When the load becomes large and it becomes necessary to pass a large primary current through the primary coil 22 with the center tap, the gate voltage decreases slowly, so that the switching of the transistors 35 and 36 is delayed, and the desired high frequency (for example, 15 kHz). The secondary current may not be obtained.

  Therefore, in the third embodiment, the transistors 35 and 36 can be quickly switched even when a large current flows, and in order to obtain a desired high-frequency secondary current, as shown in FIG. A discharge bypass circuit that rapidly attenuates the gate charge and discharges the gate voltage rapidly to 0V; and a gate rapid charge circuit that rapidly charges the gate charges of the transistors 35 and 36 to rapidly increase the gate voltage. It is added.

That is, as a discharge bypass circuit,
A diode 67 having an anode connected to a connection point of the first resistor 28 and the first Zener diode 29;
A resistor 68 having one end connected to the cathode of the diode 67 and the other end connected to the cathode of the diode 26;
A diode 69 having an anode connected to a connection point of the second resistor 31 and the second Zener diode 32;
A resistor 70 having one end connected to the cathode of the diode 69 and the other end connected to the cathode of the diode 27
As a gate quick charge circuit,
A capacitor 72 having one end connected to a connection point of the first resistor 28 and the first Zener diode 29;
A resistor 73 having one end connected to the other end of the capacitor 72 and the other end connected to one end 22b of the primary coil 22 with a center tap;
One end, a capacitor 74 connected to a connection point of the second resistor 31 and the second Zener diode 32;
A resistor 75 having one end connected to the other end of the capacitor 74 and the other end connected to the other end 22c of the primary coil 22 with a center tap.
Is added.

  By adding the discharge bypass circuit, the gate voltages of the transistors 35 and 36 that are turned off are rapidly discharged, and by adding the gate quick charge circuit, the gate voltages of the transistors 35 and 36 that are turned on are rapidly changed. Therefore, even when a large primary current needs to flow through the primary coil 22 with the center tap, the transistors 35 and 36 can be quickly switched, and a desired high-frequency secondary current can be obtained.

  In the third embodiment, the power supply unit 13 is connected to the power supply apparatus 12, but the guide path 62 may be connected.

[Embodiment 4]
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a non-contact power supply facility according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Note that the same circuit configuration as that of the first embodiment is denoted by the same reference numeral, and description thereof is omitted.

  The contactless power supply facility according to the fourth embodiment is different from the contactless power supply facility according to the first embodiment in the following points.

  The first diode 26 is removed, and the collector of the first (NPN) transistor (an example of the first switching element) 35 is connected to one end 22b of the primary coil 22 with a center tap.

  Further, the second diode 27 is removed, and the collector of a second (NPN) transistor (an example of a first switching element) 36 is connected to the other end 22c of the primary coil 22 with a center tap.

  In place of the first resistor 28, a first constant current diode 39 having an anode connected to one end 22b of the primary coil 22 with a center tap and a cathode connected to the cathode of the first Zener diode 29, and the anode being the first resistor A first switching diode 37 is provided which is connected to the cathode of the constant current diode 39 and whose cathode is connected to one end 22 b of the primary coil 22 with the center tap.

  Further, instead of the second resistor 31, the anode is connected to the other end 22 c of the center-tapped primary coil 22, the cathode is connected to the cathode of the second Zener diode 32, and the anode is the above-mentioned A second switching diode 38 is provided which is connected to the cathode of the second constant current diode 40 and whose cathode is connected to the other end 22c of the primary coil 22 with the center tap.

  A resonance capacitor 25 is provided outside the power feeding device 12 and provided in parallel with the power feeding device 12.

  Instead of the power supply unit 13, the resonance capacitor 25 and the induction line 62 that forms a resonance circuit at a predetermined frequency are connected.

  The operation of the above configuration will be described. 1. When the DC power supply device 11 is connected to a commercial power supply, a DC current is supplied to the DC choke 21 of the power supply device 12. In this state, both the first transistor 35 and the second transistor 36 are off.

  2. The direct current supplied to the DC choke 21 has a difference in easiness of current flow due to the forward voltage of the constant current diodes 39 and 40 and the variation in the characteristics of the transistors 35 and 36 even if the component ratings are the same. Here, a current flows from the other end 22c of the primary coil 22 with the center tap to the second Zener diode 32 via the second constant current diode 40, and the base voltage of the first transistor 35 becomes equal to or higher than the threshold voltage, and the first transistor 35 is first turned on (conductive).

  3. When the first transistor 35 is first turned on (conductive), the direct current supplied to the DC choke 21 flows from the center tap 22 a of the primary coil 22 to the one end 22 b and the first transistor 35. Then, since the voltage at the one end 22b of the primary coil 22 becomes approximately 0V, the charge at the base of the second transistor 36 is discharged to the one end 22b of the primary coil 22 via the first switching diode 37. Is completely off (non-conducting).

  4). Next, the current flowing from the primary coil 22 to the first transistor 35 is supplied through the secondary coil 23 to the resonant capacitor 25 and the induction line 62 that forms a resonance circuit therewith. 25 starts resonance at a predetermined frequency, and the voltage at both ends of the secondary coil 23 reverses after a predetermined time. Accordingly, the voltage at the other end 22c of the primary coil 22 is lower than the voltage at one end 22b. Become.

  5. Then, the charge on the base of the first transistor 35 is discharged to the other end 22c of the primary coil 22 via the second switching diode 38. Therefore, when the base voltage of the first transistor 35 falls below the threshold voltage, the first The transistor 35 is turned off (non-conducting).

  6). When the first transistor 35 is turned off (non-conducting), the voltage at the one end 22b of the primary coil 22 suddenly rises from approximately 0V to a positive potential. Then, a current flows from the one end 22b of the primary coil 22 to the first Zener diode 29 via the first constant current diode 39, and the current abruptly flows to the base of the second transistor 36. Therefore, the base voltage of the second transistor 36 Becomes equal to or higher than the threshold voltage, and the second transistor 36 is turned on (conductive).

  7). When the second transistor 36 is turned on (conductive), the direct current supplied to the DC choke 21 flows from the center tap 22 a of the primary coil 22 to the other end 22 c and the second transistor 36. Then, since the voltage at the other end 22c of the primary coil 22 becomes approximately 0V, the charge at the base of the first transistor 35 is discharged to the one end 22b of the primary coil 22 via the second switching diode 38, so that the first transistor 35 is completely off (non-conducting).

  By repeating the above operation, oscillation occurs.

In this way, the first transistor 35 and the second transistor 36 are alternately turned on, and the direction of the current flowing through the primary coil 22 is reversed each time.

8). Accordingly, a reverse current flows alternately through the secondary coil 23, and the current flows best when the resonance frequency (for example, 15 kHz) of the circuit including the resonant capacitor 25 and the induction line 62 flows. The transistor 35 and the second transistor 36 are switched by 180 ° alternately at the resonance frequency. That is, self-oscillation occurs at the resonance frequency of the circuit including the resonance capacitor 25 and the induction line 62, and an alternating current having this resonance frequency is supplied to the induction line 62. Therefore, a control circuit for driving the first transistor 35 and the second transistor 36 is not necessary.

  9. A large electromotive force is generated in the power receiving unit 15 mounted on the moving body by the magnetic flux generated in the induction line 62, and an alternating current generated by the electromotive force is supplied to the rectifier 54, and the direct current rectified by the rectifier 54 is generated. Current is supplied to the load on the mobile. At this time, since the impedance of the circuit connected to the resonance capacitor 25 of the power feeding device 12 increases due to the presence of the power receiving coil 51 of the moving body, the frequency of the alternating current flowing through the induction line 62 is the predetermined frequency (with the resonance capacitor 25 and The resonance frequency of the circuit including the induction line 62 decreases (for example, decreases to 14 kHz), and the frequency of self-oscillation also decreases accordingly. The power reception coil 51 and the resonance capacitor 53 of the power reception unit 15 are selected so that the decreasing frequency (for example, 14 kHz) is the resonance frequency. Further, since the voltage generated in the power receiving unit 52 (the power receiving coil 51) is limited to a predetermined voltage or less by the saturation voltage of the ferrite core member 56, the power received by the power receiving unit 15 is limited.

  As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, even when the switching timings of the transistors 35 and 36 are shifted and the switching timing occurs at the same time, there is no capacitor connected to the transistors 35 and 36. In accordance with the operation of 36, the circulating current does not flow through the loop circuit including the transistors 35 and 36, and the noise current generated at the time of switching does not flow, so that energy loss can be reduced and efficiency is improved. be able to.

  Further, according to the fourth embodiment, the first constant current diode 39 is provided in place of the first resistor 28, and the second constant current diode 40 is provided in place of the second resistor 31, so that stable without time delay. Thus, the Zener voltage can be raised and the switching operation can be made more stable.

  In addition, in this Embodiment 4, although the induction | guidance | derivation path | route 62 is connected to the electric power feeder 12, you may make it connect the electric power feeding unit 13. FIG.

[Embodiment 5]
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a non-contact power supply facility according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. The same circuit configuration as that of the fourth embodiment is denoted by the same reference numeral, and description thereof is omitted.

  In the fifth embodiment, two power supply devices 12 of the fourth embodiment are connected to the induction line 62.

  In order to avoid the problem that if the moving body (power receiving unit 15) is concentrated on a predetermined location on the induction line 62, it is impossible to take out stable power from the power reception coil 51. A plurality of capacitors 72 are connected in parallel at intervals, and both ends of adjacent capacitors 72 are connected to each other by a zero-impedance cable 73, and the feeding device in the fourth embodiment is connected to the starting end of such an induction line 71. 12 (one power feeding device 12) is connected, and the power feeding device 12 in the fourth embodiment (the other power feeding device 12) is further connected to the end of the induction line 71.

  According to this circuit configuration, each of the two power supply devices 12 tries to supply an induction current to the induction line 62, and at this time, the two power supply devices 12 try to self-oscillate at the same frequency and phase of the induction current. Thus, the induced currents can be supplied in synchronism with each other without canceling the induced currents, and the power supply capacity of the entire circuit can be substantially doubled. Therefore, even if the number of moving bodies (power receiving units 15) fed from the induction line 62 increases, power can be supplied sufficiently stably.

  7, when a power storage device (battery or electric double layer capacitor) 75 is connected between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the DC power supply device 11 as indicated by a virtual line (two-dot chain line), The power storage device 75 can be charged by the induced current supplied to the secondary coil 23 of the connected isolation transformer 24. That is, when a current flows to the secondary coil 23, a current flows to the primary coil 22 with the center tap. At this time, the current flows through the diodes at both ends of the DC choke 21, the power storage device 75, and the second transistor 36. When the DC choke 21, the power storage device 75, and the diodes at both ends of the first transistor 35 are formed, a closed loop is formed to charge the power storage device 75. The power feeding device 12 according to the fourth embodiment is similar to the power feeding device 12 according to the first embodiment, between the one end 22b of the primary coil 22 with the center tap and the collector of the first transistor 35, and with the primary coil with the center tap. Since the diodes 26 and 27 are not provided between the other end 22c of the terminal 22 and the collector of the second transistor 36, the closed loop is formed.

  Thereby, in the case where the DC power supply device 11 is not connected to one of the power supply devices 12 and before the operation of the mobile body is started (when it is not necessary to supply power to the mobile body), the DC power supply device 11 is The power storage device 75 can be charged from the other connected power supply device 12, and current can be supplied to the induction line 62 by the two power supply devices 12 at the start of operation. Further, the DC power supply device 11 is connected to both the power supply devices 12, and even if a failure occurs in one of the DC power supply devices 11, the current is stably supplied to the induction line 62 by discharging from the power storage device 75. can do.

  As described above, in the fifth embodiment, even when a plurality of power feeding devices 12 according to the fourth embodiment are connected to the induction line 62, the frequency and phase are synchronized and synchronized with each other in terms of the circuit, and the induction is generated mutually. Since the currents do not cancel each other, the power supply capacity of the entire circuit can be approximately doubled without taking any measures by simply connecting the two power feeding devices 12 to the pair of induction lines 62. Thus, even if the number of power receiving units 15 (moving bodies) fed from the induction line 62 is increased, power can be stably supplied.

  Further, in the fifth embodiment, if the power storage device 75 is provided in the power feeding device 12, the above-mentioned versatile operation can be performed, and power feeding to the induction line 62 can be performed stably.

  In the fifth embodiment, one power supply device 12 is connected to the starting end of the induction line 71 and the other power supply device 12 is connected to the terminal end of the induction line 71, but the other power supply device 12 is connected. It goes without saying that the location is not limited to the end of the induction line 71 and can be connected even in the middle. Thereby, the freedom degree of the location which can connect the electric power feeder 12 becomes high, ie, the freedom degree of selection of the place which arrange | positions the electric power feeder 12 becomes high, and the flexibility of an installation can be improved.

  In the fifth embodiment, two power feeding apparatuses 12 are connected to the induction line 62, but the number is not limited to two, and more power feeding apparatuses 12 can be connected. As the number of power feeding devices 12 connected to the induction line 62 is increased, the power supply capacity of the entire circuit can be increased, and the increase in the number of moving bodies of the induction line 62 can be accommodated.

  In the first to fifth embodiments, the transistors 35 and 36 are used as switching elements, but they may be simple switches. At this time, a switching controller that switches the first switching element and the second switching element alternately so that an alternating current flows through the secondary coil 23 at the predetermined frequency is required.

Claims (7)

An induction line that is arranged along a moving path of the moving body and is supplied with an alternating current, or an induction coil that is arranged at a predetermined position where the device stays and is supplied with an alternating current;
A contactless coil in which an electromotive force is induced by magnetic flux generated in the induction line is provided on the moving body, or a power receiving coil in which an electromotive force is induced by magnetic flux generated in the induction coil is provided in the device. A power supply facility,
A DC power supply for supplying DC current;
A DC choke having one end connected to the positive output terminal of the DC power supply device;
An insulating transformer comprising a primary coil with a center tap having a center tap connected to the other end of the DC choke and a secondary coil connected to the induction line or the induction coil;
A resonant capacitor connected in parallel with the secondary coil and forming a resonant circuit with the induction line or the induction coil at a predetermined frequency;
A first diode having an anode connected to one end of the primary coil with the center tap;
A second diode having an anode connected to the other end of the primary coil with the center tap;
A first switching element formed by a transistor connected between a cathode of the first diode and a negative output terminal of the DC power supply device;
A second switching element formed by a transistor connected between the cathode of the second diode and the negative output terminal of the DC power supply device;
A first Zener diode having a cathode connected to one end of the primary coil with the center tap and a base of the transistor forming the second switching element, and an anode connected to the negative output terminal of the DC power supply;
A second Zener diode having a cathode connected to the other end of the primary coil with the center tap and a base of the transistor forming the first switching element, and an anode connected to the negative output terminal of the DC power supply device;
The transistor that forms the second switching element is driven by a current flowing from one end of the primary coil with the center tap to the first Zener diode, and a current flows from the other end of the primary coil with the center tap to the second Zener diode. The transistor that forms the first switching element is driven by the flow of current, and the transistor that forms the first switching element and the transistor that forms the second switching element receive an alternating current at the predetermined frequency in the secondary coil. A non-contact power supply facility that is alternately driven so as to flow. The frequency of the alternating current flowing through the inductive line or the induction coil is non-contact power feeding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that lower than the predetermined frequency by the presence of the power receiving coil of the moving body or device. The contactless power supply equipment according to claim 2 , wherein a rating of a load connected to the power receiving coil is set based on the reduced frequency. The induction coil and the power receiving coil are wound around the legs on both sides of the core formed in a U shape in a side view,
The contactless power supply equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a voltage induced in the power receiving coil is limited to a predetermined voltage or less by saturation of the core. The contactless power supply facility according to claim 4 , wherein a core of the power receiving coil is smaller than a core of the induction coil. An induction line that is arranged along a moving path of the moving body and is supplied with an alternating current, or an induction coil that is arranged at a predetermined position where the device stays and is supplied with an alternating current;
A contactless coil in which an electromotive force is induced by magnetic flux generated in the induction line is provided on the moving body, or a power receiving coil in which an electromotive force is induced by magnetic flux generated in the induction coil is provided in the device. A power supply facility,
A DC power supply for supplying DC current;
A DC choke having one end connected to the positive output terminal of the DC power supply device;
An insulating transformer comprising a primary coil with a center tap having a center tap connected to the other end of the DC choke and a secondary coil connected to the induction line or the induction coil;
A resonant capacitor connected in parallel with the secondary coil and forming a resonant circuit with the induction line or the induction coil at a predetermined frequency;
A first switching element formed of a transistor connected between one end of the primary coil with the center tap and the negative output terminal of the DC power supply device;
A second switching element formed from a transistor connected between the other end of the primary coil with the center tap and a negative output terminal of the DC power supply device;
A first constant current diode having an anode connected to one end of the center-tapped primary coil;
A first Zener diode having a cathode connected to a cathode of the first constant current diode and a base of a transistor forming the second switching element, and an anode connected to a negative output terminal of the DC power supply device;
A second constant current diode having an anode connected to the other end of the primary coil with the center tap;
A cathode connected to a cathode of the second constant current diode and a base of a transistor forming the first switching element, and an anode connected to a negative output terminal of the DC power supply device, a second Zener diode,
A transistor that forms the second switching element is driven by a current flowing from one end of the primary coil with the center tap to the first constant current diode and the first Zener diode. At this time, the charge of the base of the second transistor is The first transistor is discharged to one end, the second transistor is completely turned off, and current flows from the other end of the primary coil with the center tap to the second constant current diode and the second Zener diode. The transistor forming one switching element is driven, and at this time, the charge of the base of the first transistor is discharged to the other end of the primary coil, and the first transistor is made non-conductive. Power supply equipment. A first switching diode having an anode connected to a cathode of the first constant current diode, and a cathode connected to one end of the center coil with the center tap;
Anode, the second is connected to the cathode of the constant current diode, a cathode, free of claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a second switching diode which is connected to the other end of the primary coil with the center tap Contact power supply equipment.

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