JP5451141B2 - Whetstone - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a grindstone formed by attaching polyhedral abrasive grains to a base material.

  A grindstone is manufactured by attaching polyhedral abrasive grains to a base material (see, for example, Patent Document 1 (FIG. 4)).

Patent document 1 is demonstrated based on the following figure.
As shown in FIG. 15A, abrasive grains 202 are attached to the upper surface of the base material 201 via a plating layer 203.
Next, as shown in (b), the tip of the abrasive grains 202 is shaved to adjust the height of the abrasive grains 202, and the grindstone 205 is manufactured.

By the way, the present inventors examined the variation in the size of commercially available abrasive grains. As a result, it was found that the abrasive grain having the maximum particle size (for example, 200 μm) has a particle size twice or more as compared with the abrasive particle having the minimum particle size (for example, 50 μm).
In order to adjust the height of the abrasive grains, it is necessary to adjust the height to the abrasive grains having the smallest particle diameter. Accordingly, in order to adjust the height, the abrasive grains having the maximum particle size may be cut by half or more.
That is, there is a variation in the protruding amount of the abrasive grains from the base material, so that abrasive grains that are sharply cut are inevitably generated and waste is increased.

  It is desired to provide a grindstone that requires a small amount of abrasive grains.

JP 2005-279842 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a grindstone that requires a small amount of abrasive grains.

The invention according to claim 1 is a truncated octahedron abrasive grain comprising a hexagonal surface and a rectangular surface, the opposing surfaces are parallel to each other, and the distance between the opposing surfaces differs depending on the surface. A grindstone that is attached to the surface of the material,
All the abrasive grains have a minimum distance among the distances, and the hexagonal surface is attached to the base material surface.

  In the invention according to claim 1, the hexagonal surface is adhered to the surface of the base material using abrasive grains having a minimum distance of a predetermined distance. That is, the hexagonal surfaces of the abrasive grains having the same size are attached to the base material surface. The distance between hexagonal faces of abrasive grains of approximately the same size is approximate. Therefore, the amount of protrusion from the base material can be managed by this approximate distance by grounding the hexagonal surface. The protruding height of the abrasive grains from the base material is adjusted at an approximate distance, and the amount by which the abrasive grains are shaved when the height is adjusted can be reduced.

It is a perspective view of the abrasive grain classification device concerning the present invention. It is a top view of the abrasive grain classification device concerning the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2. It is a figure explaining the effect | action of the abrasive grain classification device which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the effect | action of the clearance gap which concerns on this invention, and an abrasive grain. It is another Example figure of FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of FIG. 4. It is a perspective view of the adhesion device concerning the present invention. It is a front view of the adhesion device concerning the present invention. It is a figure explaining the mounting process which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the inspection process and correction process which concern on this invention. It is a figure explaining the electrodeposition process which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the grindstone concerning the present invention. It is another Example figure of FIG. It is a figure explaining the basic composition of the conventional technology.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the abrasive grain classification device 10 includes front leg portions 11 and 11, rear leg portions 12 longer than the front leg portions 11 and 11 (the rear leg portions on the back side are not shown), and these A base 13 supported by legs 11 and 12 having different lengths and provided obliquely with respect to the horizontal axis, vertical walls 14 and 14 supported by the base 13, and an abrasive supported by the upper portion of the vertical wall 14 It comprises a first classification mechanism 16 for performing grain selection and a second classification mechanism 17 that is arranged below the first classification mechanism 16 and further selects the abrasive grains that have passed through the first classification mechanism 16.

The first classifying mechanism 16 includes a bearing block 21 supported by the left vertical wall 14 and having a flange 19 disposed on the lower surface thereof, and a first actuator 22 having a shaft supported by the bearing block 21 and a main body supported by the flange 19. A first roller 24 as a rigid body rotated by the first actuator 22 and having a driving gear 23 disposed at an end thereof, and a bearing block 26 that rotatably supports a shaft 25 at the tip of the first roller 24; A bearing block 28 for rotatably supporting a shaft 27 disposed at a predetermined distance from the shaft 25 supported by the bearing block 26 and a driven gear 31 that contacts the drive gear 23 are disposed. A first roller 32 that rotates together with the driven gear 31 when the actuator 22 is operated, and a bearing block for supporting the first roller 32. The first gap 35 is formed between the rack 33 and the first rollers 24, 32 and the abrasive grains are sent to the upper surface, and is disposed downstream of the first rollers 24, 32 and passes through the first gap 35. An abrasive grain take-out box 36 to which the abrasive grains that have not been sent is sent.
The abrasive grains that have passed through the first gap portion 35 will be described later.

The second classifying mechanism 17 is basically the same structure as the first classifying mechanism 16 and is operated similarly.
That is, the flange 41, the bearing blocks 42, 43, 44, 45, the second actuator 46, the drive gear 47, the second rollers 48, 49, the shafts 52, 53, the driven gear, and the second gap portion. 54 and an abrasive grain take-out box 56.

The second gap portion 54 is configured so that the gap is narrower than the first gap portion 35. An abrasive grain take-out box 55 is disposed below the second rollers 48 and 49 to drop the abrasive grains that have passed through the second gap 54.
The flow of abrasive grains will be described with reference to the next figure.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the abrasive grains are fed to the hopper 58 indicated by the imaginary line, and the abrasive grains are fed from the abrasive grain feed port 59 of the hopper 58 toward the first gap portion 35. The abrasive grain feed port 59 is desirably arranged on the upstream side of the first gap portion 35. As a result, the abrasive grains can pass from upstream (left of the drawing) to downstream (right of the drawing) of the first gap portion 35. Since classification is performed depending on whether or not abrasive grains can pass through the first gap portion 35, the accuracy of classification is increased by passing the distance as long as possible.

When the first actuator 22 is driven, the shaft 25 is rotated. As a result, the first roller 24 and the drive gear 23 arranged on the shaft 25 are also rotated. When the drive gear 23 is rotated, the driven gear 31 is also rotated. When the driven gear 31 is rotated, the shaft 27 passed therethrough is also rotated, and the first roller 32 disposed on the shaft 27 is also rotated.
On the other hand, the bearing blocks 21, 26, 28, 33 support the shafts 25, 27 while rotating, and the bearing blocks 21, 26, 28, 33 themselves remain fixed to the vertical wall 14 and do not move.
After the first actuator 22 is operated, abrasive grains are sent from the hopper 58.

The gap of the first gap portion 35 can be managed by adjusting the distance L1 between the shafts 25 and 27. The first rollers 24 and 32 are formed in a circular shape in a sectional view. By adjusting the distance between the shafts 25 and 27 of the first rollers 24 and 32, the gap of the first gap portion 35 can be managed. The gap can be easily managed.
The drive mechanism of the abrasive grain classification device will be described with reference to the next figure.

As shown in FIG. 3, the driven gear 31 is driven in the counterclockwise direction by driving the drive gear 23 in the clockwise direction. A first gap 35 is provided above the contact P where these gears 23 and 31 are in contact. Accordingly, the abrasive grains are rotated by applying a force to the abrasive grains sent to the first gap portion 35 in the direction in which the abrasive grains are lifted. Thereby, the biting of abrasive grains can be prevented, and a smooth classification operation can be performed.
The operation of such an abrasive grain classifier will be described with reference to the next figure.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the abrasive grains 60 are put into the hopper 58. The charged abrasive grains are first sent to the upper surface of the first roller 24. At this time, the first roller 24 is provided to be inclined (for example, 10 °) with respect to the horizontal shaft 61. As a result, the abrasive grains 60 move so as to roll on the first roller 24 under its own weight. Abrasive grains 60 a that do not pass through the gap between the first rollers 24 (a is a subscript indicating abrasive grains that have not passed through the first roller 24; the same applies hereinafter) fall to the abrasive take-out box 36.

  The abrasive grains 60 that have passed through the gap between the first rollers 24 fall to a hopper 62 that is disposed below the first rollers 24. The abrasive feed port 63 of the hopper 62 is disposed on the upstream side of the second roller 48 in the same manner as the hopper 58 disposed on the upper side.

The abrasive grains 60 that have fallen on the hopper 62 are sent to the upper surface of the second roller 48. The abrasive grains 60b that do not pass through the gap between the second rollers 48 (b is an index indicating abrasive grains that have not passed through the second roller 48; the same applies hereinafter) fall to the abrasive grain take-out box 56.
The abrasive grains 60c that have passed through the gap between the second rollers 48 (c is a suffix indicating the abrasive grains that have passed through the second roller 48; the same shall apply hereinafter) fall to the abrasive grain take-out box 55.

The rollers 24 and 48 are provided to be inclined with respect to the horizontal shaft 61. Thereby, the abrasive grains 60 that do not pass through the gap portions 35 and 54 move on the rollers 24 and 48 by their own weight. By not allowing the abrasive grains 60 to remain in one place, the next abrasive grains 60 can be fed, and the classification operation can be performed smoothly.
Details of the classification work will be described in the next figure.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the length of the first gap portion 35 is, for example, L2 (L2 = 475 μm). The abrasive grains 60a larger than this width roll on the first rollers 24 and 32 and fall into the abrasive grain take-out box 36.
On the other hand, the abrasive grains 60 b smaller than this width fall from the first gap portion 35 to the hopper 62.

The abrasive grains 60b dropped on the hopper 62 are sent to the second rollers 48 and 49 as shown in FIG. The length of the second gap portion 54 formed in the gap between the second rollers 48 and 49 is, for example, L3 (L3 = 465 μm). The abrasive grains 60b larger than this width roll on the second rollers 48 and 49 and drop into the abrasive grain take-out box 55.
As can be seen from (a) and (b), the abrasive grains 60b are smaller than the predetermined size L2 and larger than the predetermined size L3.

  That is, the following can be said. The first gap portion 35 and the second gap portion 54 are formed by providing a gap between the rollers 24, 32, 48, and 49, and the abrasive grains 60 are sent to these gap portions 35 and 54. The abrasive grains 60 larger than the gap do not pass through the gap portions 35 and 54, and the abrasive grains 60 smaller than the gap pass through the gap portions 35 and 54. It can be said that the abrasive grains 60b passing through the first gap portion 35 and not passing through the second gap portion 54 are in a predetermined range. The gap portions 35 and 54 are formed by providing intervals between the rollers 24, 32, 48, and 49, and the intervals between the rollers 24, 32, 48, and 49 can be adjusted with high accuracy. Thereby, the size of the abrasive grains can be managed with high accuracy.

As shown in (c), for example, the truncated octahedron abrasive grains 60 have an inter-surface distance L4 when the opposing surfaces are hexagonal surfaces, and an inter-surface distance when the opposing surfaces are square surfaces. The distance L5 is different.
It is assumed that L4 is shorter than L5. When this L4 is shorter than L2 shown in (a) and longer than L3 shown in (b), this abrasive grain 60 is sent to the abrasive grain take-out box 56 of (b).
That is, the abrasive grains 60 are classified according to the size of the abrasive grains 60 determined by the distance between the opposing surfaces.

FIG. 5 can be summarized as follows.
Classification is performed by passing the gap between the rollers 24, 32, 48 and 49. If the minimum height portion of the abrasive grain 60 is shorter than the gap, the abrasive grain 60 passes through the gap portions 35 and 54. Thereby, the classification of the abrasive grains 60 can be managed at the minimum height portion of the abrasive grains 60.

In the grindstone according to the present invention, the abrasive grains 60 classified precisely at the minimum distance are used. That is, it can be said that the minimum distance (for example, L4) of the abrasive grains 60 is a predetermined distance.
Next, another embodiment of the abrasive classifier will be described with reference to the following figure.

  As shown in FIG. 6, two different rigid bodies 66 and 67 may be arranged above a rigid body 65 such as a belt conveyor which is operated as indicated by an outline arrow. At this time, the first gap portion 68 is formed between the rigid body 65 and the rigid body 66, and the second gap portion 69 is formed narrower than the first gap portion 68 between the rigid body 65 and the rigid body 67. It is.

Even in such a configuration, the size of the abrasive grains 60 can be managed with high accuracy.
A further embodiment of the abrasive classifier will be described with reference to the following figure.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a third classifying mechanism 72, a first classifying mechanism 72, and a second classifying mechanism 17 that removes abrasive grains larger than a predetermined size and a second classifying mechanism 17 that removes abrasive grains smaller than a predetermined size are provided. A 4-classifying mechanism 73 and a fifth-classifying mechanism 74 are arranged.

Thereby, the abrasive grains 60 can be classified into the abrasive grains 60d to 60g that have not passed through the second classifying mechanism 17 to the fifth classifying mechanism 74.
Even in this case, the size of the abrasive grains can be managed with high accuracy.
An apparatus for attaching the thus classified abrasive grains to the base material will be described with reference to the next figure.

As shown in FIG. 8, the adhesion apparatus 80 has a workpiece lifting / lowering device 81 arranged in an electrodeposition tank (details will be described later).
The workpiece lifting / lowering device 81 includes a base 82, a main body support 83 supported by the base 82, and guide portions 84, 84, 84 (not shown) at the center of the main body support 83. The male support member 85 passes through the central support plate 85 provided with the upper support plate 89 attached to the upper end of the main body column 83 and provided with the guide portions 87 and 87 and the female screw hole 88, and the female screw hole 88 of the upper support plate 89. The first elevating mechanism 94 elevating and lowering the base material 93 placed on the lower plate 92 and the second elevating mechanism 98 supported by the middle plate 95 of the first elevating mechanism 94 and elevating the template 97 at the lower end. .

  The first elevating mechanism 94 includes an upper plate 101 that rotatably supports the male screw member 91, first columns 102 and 102 that extend downward from the upper plate 101 and support the lower plate 92, and the first column 102. , 102 and a middle plate 95 on which the second elevating mechanism 98 is supported by the female screw hole 103 and the guide portions 104, 104 are arranged.

The handle 106 arranged on the upper part of the male screw member 91 is rotated. Then, the male screw member 91 rotates and the male screw member 91 and the handle 106 move up and down together with respect to the female screw hole 88. Thus, the upper plate 101 that rotatably supports the male screw member 91, the first support columns 102, 102 supported by the upper plate 101, the middle plate 95 and the lower plate 92 supported by these first support columns 102, 102, The second elevating mechanism 98 supported by the plate 95 and the base material 93 placed on the lower plate 92 move up and down integrally.
That is, by rotating the handle 106 of the male screw member 91, the parts other than the base 82, the main body column 83, and the support plates 85 and 89 are lifted and lowered integrally.

  The second elevating mechanism 98 includes an upper plate 108 that rotatably supports the male screw member 107, and second struts 109 and 109 that extend downward from the upper plate 108 and support the template 97.

The handle 112 arranged on the upper part of the male screw member 107 is rotated. Then, the male screw member 107 rotates, and the male screw member 107 and the handle 112 move up and down together with respect to the female screw hole 103. As a result, the upper plate 108 that rotatably supports the male screw member 107, the second support columns 109 and 109 supported by the upper plate 108, and the template 97 supported by the second support columns 109 and 109 are moved up and down integrally.
At this time, the central support plate 85 and the middle plate 95 do not move up and down.
The details of the deposition apparatus will be described with reference to the following figure.

As shown in FIG. 9, the base 82 is disposed in an electrodeposition tank 114 filled with an electrodeposition liquid. The male screw member 107 is rotatably supported by a bearing 115, and the male screw member 91 is the same.
On the lower surface side of the template 97, an arc portion 116 is formed in accordance with the upper surface of the base material 93, and a guide hole 117 for passing abrasive grains toward the arc portion 116 is provided.

The base material 93 from which the oxide film has been removed is placed on the upper surface of the lower plate 92, and the base material 93 is set by lowering the first elevating mechanism 94.
The operation of such an attachment apparatus will be described with reference to the next figure.

  As shown in FIG. 10A, the second lifting mechanism (reference numeral 98 in FIG. 9) is lowered to lower the template 97 above the base material 93 as shown by the arrow (1). At this time, the template 97 is lowered so that a slight gap is left with respect to the base material 93. The reason will be described later.

Next, as shown in (b), the abrasive grains 60 are placed on the upper surface of the base material 93 through the guide holes 117.
The abrasive grains 60 are placed by passing the abrasive grains 60 through the guide holes 117 formed in the template 97. Thereby, the abrasive grains 60 can be quickly placed at an accurate position. The grinding stone can be manufactured in a short time.

  Further, the placing step is performed in a state where the base material 93 that has been previously degreased and oxide film removed is attached to the electrodeposition liquid. If the base material is transported to the electrodeposition tank after placing the abrasive grains outside the electrodeposition tank and immersed in the electrodeposition liquid, there is a problem that the abrasive grains may shift or roll during the transport or immersion process. By mounting the abrasive grains 60, these problems can be prevented, and furthermore, the oxidation of the base material during the manufacturing process can be suppressed and the decrease in the adhesion strength of the abrasive grains 60 can be suppressed.

At this time, as shown in (c), which is an enlarged view of part c in (b), the hexagonal surface is grounded to the base material 93 as in the left abrasive grain 60 or the right abrasive grain 60. In some cases, the square surface is in contact with the base material 93.
The inspection process and the correction process for accurately placing the abrasive grains placed in this way on a hexagonal surface will be described with reference to the following drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 11A, the guide hole 117 is looked into from the upper surface side of the template 97 using the camera 119. At this time, it is inspected whether the surface of the abrasive grain 60 facing from the guide hole 117 is a hexagon or a quadrangle.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6B, the abrasive grains 60i whose surface facing the guide hole 117 is a square surface (i is a subscript indicating an abrasive grain whose surface facing the guide hole 117 is a square surface) are pin 122. Roll so that the hexagonal face is facing.

As shown in (c), when all the faces facing from the guide hole 117 are hexagonal faces, the correction process is finished.
In a truncated octahedron, the opposite surface of the hexagonal surface is always a hexagonal surface. Accordingly, by placing the abrasive grains 60 so as to face the hexagonal surface, the hexagonal surface is always grounded to the base material ((a) reference numeral 93). By arranging the abrasive grains 60 so that the hexagonal surface faces the guide hole 117, the height of protrusion from the base material can be made uniform.
Next, electrodeposition of abrasive grains will be described.

  First, temporary electrodeposition is performed as shown in FIG. At this time, temporary electrodeposition is performed while the template 97 is arranged so that the abrasive grains 60 do not fall from the base material 93. When the temporary electrodeposition is performed, if the template 97 is in close contact with the base material 93, the abrasive grains 60 cannot be electrodeposited on the base material 93. For this reason, the template 97 is arranged with a slight gap with respect to the base material 93.

Next, as shown in (b), the second lifting mechanism (reference numeral 98 in FIG. 9) is operated to raise the template 97, thereby retracting the template 97 and performing main electrodeposition.
In this way, the grindstone 125 is completed.

12 can be summarized as follows.
In the electrodeposition process, the template 97 is retracted after the temporary electrodeposition process, and the main electrodeposition process is performed. The abrasive grains 60 are fixed in the main electrodeposition process in which the template 97 is retracted while preventing the deviation of the abrasive grains 60 in the temporary electrodeposition process. Thereby, the adhesion strength of the abrasive grains 60 is increased and the life of the grindstone is extended.
The grindstone manufactured in this way will be described with reference to the following figure.

As shown in FIG. 13, the grindstone 125 has a hexagonal surface attached to the surface of the base material 93 using abrasive grains 60 having a minimum distance of a predetermined distance. That is, the hexagonal surfaces of the abrasive grains 60 having the same size are attached to the base material surface 93. The distance between the hexagonal faces of the abrasive grains 60 having approximately the same size is approximated. Therefore, the amount of protrusion from the base material 93 can be managed by this approximate distance by grounding the hexagonal surface. The protruding height of the abrasive grains 60 from the base material 93 is adjusted at an approximate distance (see the line 126), and the amount by which the abrasive grains 60 are shaved when adjusting the height can be reduced.
A grindstone manufactured using the abrasive grains classified in FIG. 7 will be described below.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the grindstone 128 is arranged on the base material in order from the smallest to the largest using abrasive grains 60 d to 60 g classified into a plurality of sizes. Small abrasive grains 60g to large abrasive grains 60d are arranged in this order. As a result, the tips of the abrasive grains 60 can be arranged to be tapered as indicated by the line 129. When it is necessary to sharpen the abrasive grains 60, the amount of abrasive grains can be reduced by arranging the abrasive grains 60 so that the tips of the abrasive grains 60 are tapered in advance.

  In addition, what kind of thing may be used for the grade of the abrasive grain which concerns on this invention.

  The grindstone of the present invention is optimal for grinding.

  60 ... abrasive grains, 93 ... base material, 125, 128 ... whetstone.

Claims (1)

A whetstone that consists of a hexagonal surface and a quadrangular surface, and the opposite surfaces are parallel to each other, and the truncated octahedron abrasive grains that are different in distance from each other are attached to the surface of the base material. Because
All the abrasive grains have a predetermined minimum distance among the distances, and the hexagonal surface is attached to the surface of the base material.

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