JP5450992B2

JP5450992B2 - Press roll for thin film resin molding

Info

Publication number: JP5450992B2
Application number: JP2008180832A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 善男古橋; 勉丹羽; 紀興中尾; 佳彦山村
Original assignee: Hitachi Zosen Corp; Tokuden Co Ltd Kyoto
Current assignee: Hitachi Zosen Corp; Tokuden Co Ltd Kyoto
Priority date: 2008-07-11
Filing date: 2008-07-11
Publication date: 2014-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2028-07-11
Also published as: JP2010017943A

Description

本発明は、シート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品を成形するための押さえロールに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a pressing roll for molding a thin resin product such as a sheet or film.

一般的に、熱可塑性樹脂の押出成形法には、金属製ロールを用いた金属ロール挟圧成形法と、ゴム製ロールを用いたゴムロール挟圧成形法とがある。
上記金属ロール挟圧成形法の場合、すなわち金属ロールを用いてシート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品を成形する場合、押出成形機のダイから押し出されたシート状の溶融樹脂は２本のロール間に導かれ、そしてこれら両ロールにて挟圧されて所定の厚さでもって引き出されることにより、薄膜状樹脂製品が得られていた。 In general, extrusion molding methods for thermoplastic resins include a metal roll clamping molding method using a metal roll and a rubber roll clamping molding method using a rubber roll.
In the case of the above-mentioned metal roll clamping forming method, that is, when a thin film resin product such as a sheet or film is formed using a metal roll, the sheet-like molten resin extruded from the die of the extruder is between two rolls. The thin film resin product was obtained by being guided by the two rolls and being drawn out with a predetermined thickness.

例えば、２本のロールのうち、１本は金属ロールと呼ばれ主に溶融樹脂を案内するもので、他の１本は成形用ロールと呼ばれ、可撓性を有して溶融樹脂を金属ロール側に押し付けることにより、溶融樹脂を所定の厚さに且つ所定の表面性状を得るものである。 For example, of the two rolls, one is called a metal roll and mainly guides the molten resin, and the other one is called a molding roll. By pressing on the roll side, the molten resin has a predetermined thickness and a predetermined surface property.

このため、金属ロールは高い剛性を有するように構成されるとともに、成形用ロールは、溶融樹脂に均等に力をかけ得るように且つ傷を付けないように弾性を有するように、つまり可撓性を有する金属性の薄板が用いられている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 For this reason, the metal roll is configured to have high rigidity, and the molding roll has elasticity so as to be able to apply force evenly to the molten resin and not to damage, that is, flexible. A thin metal plate having a thickness of 10 is used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

そして、特許文献１に開示されているように、成形用ロールは、内筒と外筒との二重管構造にされるとともに、両者の間の環状空間空部には、圧送手段により冷却水が供給されて溶融樹脂を適正な温度に保つように、すなわち調温されている。
特許第３４２２７９８号公報 As disclosed in Patent Document 1, the forming roll has a double pipe structure of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, and cooling water is formed in the annular space between the two by a pumping means. Is supplied to maintain the molten resin at an appropriate temperature, that is, the temperature is adjusted.
Japanese Patent No. 3422798

上述した成形用ロールの構成によると、冷却水が外筒と内筒との間の環状空間部に圧送手段により圧送されているとともに、溶融樹脂に直接触れる外筒は薄い金属製板であることから、圧送手段、例えばポンプ側の圧力変動により、成形用ロールの外筒に形状変化が生じ、したがって製品の厚さおよび表面性状が均一にはならず、つまり製品の品質の低下に繋がるという問題があった。 According to the configuration of the forming roll described above, the cooling water is pumped to the annular space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder by the pumping means, and the outer cylinder that directly contacts the molten resin is a thin metal plate. Therefore, a change in shape of the outer cylinder of the molding roll occurs due to pressure fluctuation on the pumping means, for example, on the pump side, and therefore the thickness and surface properties of the product are not uniform, that is, the quality of the product is deteriorated. was there.

そこで、本発明は、ロール間に導かれた溶融樹脂を調温する際に、溶融樹脂製品の厚みおよび表面性状を、より均一にし得る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールを提供することを目的とする。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a thin film-shaped pressing roll for resin molding that can make the thickness and surface properties of the molten resin product more uniform when the temperature of the molten resin guided between the rolls is adjusted. .

上記課題を解決するため、本発明の請求項１に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールは、押出成形機から押し出されたシート状の溶融樹脂を主ロールとの間に導いてシート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品を成形するための押さえロールであって、
導電性材料により形成された軸体と、この軸体との間で環状空間部を有するようにその外周にて回転自在に支持された筒状体と、上記軸体の外周に巻き付けられた電磁誘導コイルとから構成し、
且つ上記筒状体を、可撓性を有する磁性材料からなる金属製薄板により形成するとともに、その厚さを、０．６〜５ｍｍの範囲にし、
熱伝導性を有するアルミニウムの薄板材を蛇腹形状にしてなる熱伝達部材を上記筒状体の上記環状空間部に配置したものである。 In order to solve the above-described problems, a thin film-shaped resin molding press roll according to claim 1 of the present invention guides a sheet-shaped molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between a main roll and a sheet / film. A press roll for molding a thin film resin product,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm ,
A heat transfer member made of an aluminum thin plate material having thermal conductivity in a bellows shape is arranged in the annular space of the cylindrical body .

また、本発明の請求項２に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールは、押出成形機から押し出されたシート状の溶融樹脂を主ロールとの間に導いてシート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品を成形するための押さえロールであって、
導電性材料により形成された軸体と、この軸体との間で環状空間部を有するようにその外周にて回転自在に支持された筒状体と、上記軸体の外周に巻き付けられた電磁誘導コイルとから構成し、
且つ上記筒状体を、可撓性を有する磁性材料からなる金属製薄板により形成するとともに、その厚さを、０．６〜５ｍｍの範囲にし、
さらに上記電磁誘導コイルを軸体の軸心方向において複数に分割するとともに、これら分割された各分割コイル部に供給する電流をそれぞれ制御し得る制御部を具備し、
熱伝導性を有するアルミニウムの薄板材を蛇腹形状にしてなる熱伝達部材を上記筒状体の上記環状空間部に配置したものである。 Moreover, the press roll for thin film resin molding which concerns on Claim 2 of this invention guides thin film resin products, such as a sheet | seat film, by guiding the sheet-like molten resin extruded from the extruder between main rolls. A pressing roll for molding,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
Furthermore, the electromagnetic induction coil is divided into a plurality in the axial direction of the shaft body, and a controller that can control each of the currents supplied to the divided coil parts is provided .
A heat transfer member made of an aluminum thin plate material having thermal conductivity in a bellows shape is arranged in the annular space of the cylindrical body .

また、請求項３に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールは、押出成形機から押し出されたシート状の溶融樹脂を主ロールとの間に導いてシート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品を成形するための押さえロールであって、
導電性材料により形成された軸体と、この軸体との間で環状空間部を有するようにその外周にて回転自在に支持された筒状体と、上記軸体の外周に巻き付けられた電磁誘導コイルとから構成し、
且つ上記筒状体を、可撓性を有する磁性材料からなる金属製薄板により形成するとともに、その厚さを、０．６〜５ｍｍの範囲にし、
上記筒状体の内壁面に非磁性材料で且つ熱伝導性を有する、銅、黄銅、アルミニウム、亜鉛およびオーステナイト系ステンレスのいずれかからなる薄板状部材を配置したものである。 The press roll for thin film resin molding according to claim 3 is for guiding a sheet-like molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll and molding a thin film resin product such as a sheet / film. Presser roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
A thin plate member made of any one of copper, brass, aluminum, zinc, and austenitic stainless steel, which is a nonmagnetic material and has thermal conductivity , is disposed on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body .

また、請求項４に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールは、押出成形機から押し出されたシート状の溶融樹脂を主ロールとの間に導いてシート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品を成形するための押さえロールであって、
導電性材料により形成された軸体と、この軸体との間で環状空間部を有するようにその外周にて回転自在に支持された筒状体と、上記軸体の外周に巻き付けられた電磁誘導コイルとから構成し、
且つ上記筒状体を、可撓性を有する磁性材料からなる金属製薄板により形成するとともに、その厚さを、０．６〜５ｍｍの範囲にし、
さらに上記電磁誘導コイルを軸体の軸心方向において複数に分割するとともに、これら分割された各分割コイル部に供給する電流をそれぞれ制御し得る制御部を具備し、
上記筒状体の内壁面に非磁性材料で且つ熱伝導性を有する、銅、黄銅、アルミニウム、亜鉛およびオーステナイト系ステンレスのいずれかからなる薄板状部材を配置したものである。 The press roll for thin film resin molding according to claim 4 is for guiding a sheet-like molten resin extruded from an extruder to a main roll to form a thin film resin product such as a sheet / film. Presser roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
Furthermore, the electromagnetic induction coil is divided into a plurality in the axial direction of the shaft body, and a controller that can control each of the currents supplied to the divided coil parts is provided.
And having a thermal conductivity of a non-magnetic material on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body, in which is arranged a copper, brass, aluminum, a thin plate member made of one of zinc and austenitic stainless steel.

また、請求項５に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールは、押出成形機から押し出されたシート状の溶融樹脂を主ロールとの間に導いてシート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品を成形するための押さえロールであって、
導電性材料により形成された軸体と、この軸体との間で環状空間部を有するようにその外周にて回転自在に支持された筒状体と、上記軸体の外周に巻き付けられた電磁誘導コイルとから構成し、
且つ上記筒状体を、可撓性を有する磁性材料からなる金属製薄板により形成するとともに、その厚さを、０．６〜５ｍｍの範囲にし、
上記筒状体の内壁面に非磁性材料で且つ熱伝導性を有する、銀、銅およびアルミニウムのいずれかからなる第１薄板部と磁性材料で且つ熱伝導性を有する、鋼またはニッケルからなる第２薄板部とを交互に積層してなる薄板状部材を配置したものである。 The press roll for thin film resin molding according to claim 5 is for guiding a sheet-like molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll and molding a thin film resin product such as a sheet / film. Presser roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
A first thin plate portion made of any one of silver, copper and aluminum having a nonmagnetic material and heat conductivity on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body and a first material made of steel or nickel having a magnetic material and heat conductivity. A thin plate-like member formed by alternately laminating two thin plate portions is arranged .

また、請求項６に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールは、押出成形機から押し出されたシート状の溶融樹脂を主ロールとの間に導いてシート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品を成形するための押さえロールであって、
導電性材料により形成された軸体と、この軸体との間で環状空間部を有するようにその外周にて回転自在に支持された筒状体と、上記軸体の外周に巻き付けられた電磁誘導コイルとから構成し、
且つ上記筒状体を、可撓性を有する磁性材料からなる金属製薄板により形成するとともに、その厚さを、０．６〜５ｍｍの範囲にし、
さらに上記電磁誘導コイルを軸体の軸心方向において複数に分割するとともに、これら分割された各分割コイル部に供給する電流をそれぞれ制御し得る制御部を具備し、
上記筒状体の内壁面に非磁性材料で且つ熱伝導性を有する、銀、銅およびアルミニウムのいずれかからなる第１薄板部と磁性材料で且つ熱伝導性を有する、鋼またはニッケルからなる第２薄板部とを交互に積層してなる薄板状部材を配置したものである。 The press roll for thin film resin molding according to claim 6 is for guiding a sheet-like molten resin extruded from an extruder to a main roll to form a thin film resin product such as a sheet or a film. Presser roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
Furthermore, the electromagnetic induction coil is divided into a plurality in the axial direction of the shaft body, and a controller that can control each of the currents supplied to the divided coil parts is provided.
A first thin plate portion made of any one of silver, copper and aluminum having a nonmagnetic material and heat conductivity on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body and a first material made of steel or nickel having a magnetic material and heat conductivity. A thin plate-like member formed by alternately laminating two thin plate portions is arranged.

また、請求項７に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールは、押出成形機から押し出されたシート状の溶融樹脂を主ロールとの間に導いてシート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品を成形するための押さえロールであって、
導電性材料により形成された軸体と、この軸体との間で環状空間部を有するようにその外周にて回転自在に支持された筒状体と、上記軸体の外周に巻き付けられた電磁誘導コイルとから構成し、
且つ上記筒状体を、可撓性を有する磁性材料からなる金属製薄板により形成するとともに、その厚さを、０．６〜５ｍｍの範囲にし、
上記筒状体の内壁面に銅層を配置するとともに、この銅層の内壁面に、所定長さのニッケル層またはカーボン層をロール軸心に沿って複数個配置したものである。 The press roll for thin film resin molding according to claim 7 is for guiding a sheet-like molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll and molding a thin film resin product such as a sheet / film. Presser roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
A copper layer is disposed on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body, and a plurality of nickel layers or carbon layers having a predetermined length are disposed on the inner wall surface of the copper layer along the roll axis .

また、請求項８に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールは、押出成形機から押し出されたシート状の溶融樹脂を主ロールとの間に導いてシート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品を成形するための押さえロールであって、
導電性材料により形成された軸体と、この軸体との間で環状空間部を有するようにその外周にて回転自在に支持された筒状体と、上記軸体の外周に巻き付けられた電磁誘導コイルとから構成し、
且つ上記筒状体を、可撓性を有する磁性材料からなる金属製薄板により形成するとともに、その厚さを、０．６〜５ｍｍの範囲にし、
さらに上記電磁誘導コイルを軸体の軸心方向において複数に分割するとともに、これら分割された各分割コイル部に供給する電流をそれぞれ制御し得る制御部を具備し、
上記筒状体の内壁面に銅層を配置するとともに、この銅層の内壁面に、所定長さのニッケル層またはカーボン層をロール軸心に沿って複数個配置したものである。 The press roll for thin film resin molding according to claim 8 is for guiding a sheet-like molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll and molding a thin film resin product such as a sheet / film. Presser roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
Furthermore, the electromagnetic induction coil is divided into a plurality in the axial direction of the shaft body, and a controller that can control each of the currents supplied to the divided coil parts is provided.
With placing the copper layer on the inner wall surface of the tubular body, the inner wall surface of the copper layer is obtained by a plurality disposed along a predetermined length nickel layer or a carbon layer of the B Lumpur axis.

また、請求項９に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールは、押出成形機から押し出されたシート状の溶融樹脂を主ロールとの間に導いてシート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品を成形するための押さえロールであって、
導電性材料により形成された軸体と、この軸体との間で環状空間部を有するようにその外周にて回転自在に支持された筒状体と、上記軸体の外周に巻き付けられた電磁誘導コイルとから構成し、
且つ上記筒状体を、可撓性を有する磁性材料からなる金属製薄板により形成するとともに、その厚さを、０．６〜５ｍｍの範囲にし、
上記筒状体の内壁面に非磁性材料からなる環状板材を配置して当該筒状体と当該環状板材との間に環状隙間を形成するとともに、この環状隙間内に熱媒体を充填して、当該筒状体の内面にヒートパイプ機能を具備したものである。 The press roll for molding a thin film resin according to claim 9 is for guiding a sheet-like molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll and molding a thin film resin product such as a sheet / film. Presser roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
An annular plate made of a nonmagnetic material is disposed on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body to form an annular gap between the cylindrical body and the annular plate, and a heat medium is filled in the annular gap. The inner surface of the cylindrical body has a heat pipe function .

また、請求項１０に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールは、押出成形機から押し出されたシート状の溶融樹脂を主ロールとの間に導いてシート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品を成形するための押さえロールであって、
導電性材料により形成された軸体と、この軸体との間で環状空間部を有するようにその外周にて回転自在に支持された筒状体と、上記軸体の外周に巻き付けられた電磁誘導コイルとから構成し、
且つ上記筒状体を、可撓性を有する磁性材料からなる金属製薄板により形成するとともに、その厚さを、０．６〜５ｍｍの範囲にし、
さらに上記電磁誘導コイルを軸体の軸心方向において複数に分割するとともに、これら分割された各分割コイル部に供給する電流をそれぞれ制御し得る制御部を具備し、
上記筒状体の内壁面に非磁性材料からなる環状板材を配置して当該筒状体と当該環状板材との間に環状隙間を形成するとともに、この環状隙間内に熱媒体を充填して、当該筒状体の内面にヒートパイプ機能を具備したものである。 The press roll for thin film resin molding according to claim 10 is for guiding a sheet-like molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll and molding a thin film resin product such as a sheet / film. Presser roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
Furthermore, the electromagnetic induction coil is divided into a plurality in the axial direction of the shaft body, and a controller that can control each of the currents supplied to the divided coil parts is provided.
Thereby forming an annular gap between the cylindrical body of the inner wall surface by placing the annular plate the cylindrical body and the annular plate member made of a nonmagnetic material, filled with a heat medium into the annular gap, The inner surface of the cylindrical body has a heat pipe function.

上記請求項１に記載の押さえロールの構成によると、軸体に設けられた電磁誘導コイルを介して筒状体を誘導加熱することにより調温を行うようにしたので、従来のように、軸体と筒状体との間の環状空間部に液媒を圧送して調温する場合に比べて、薄膜状樹脂製品の厚さおよび表面性状を、より均一に、すなわち製品の品質の一層の向上を図ることができる。 According to the structure of the pressing roll of the first aspect, the temperature is adjusted by induction heating the cylindrical body via the electromagnetic induction coil provided on the shaft body. Compared to the case where the liquid medium is pumped into the annular space between the body and the cylindrical body to adjust the temperature, the thickness and surface properties of the thin resin product are more uniform, that is, the quality of the product is further improved. Improvements can be made.

また、請求項２に記載の押さえロールの構成によると、電磁誘導コイルをロール軸心方向にて複数に分割するとともに、各分割コイル部に流す電流をそれぞれ制御するようにしたので、筒状体における温度の均一化を一層図ることができる。 Further, according to the configuration of the pressing roll according to claim 2, the electromagnetic induction coil is divided into a plurality of pieces in the roll axial direction and the current flowing through each divided coil portion is controlled individually. The temperature can be made more uniform.

さらに、押さえロールの構成において、環状空間部内に熱伝達部材を配置し、または筒状体の内壁面に熱伝導性の薄板状部材若しくは銅層を配置し、または筒状体の内面にヒートパイプ機能を具備したので、筒状体における温度の均一化を、より一層図ることができる。 Further, in the configuration of the pressing roll, a heat transfer member is disposed in the annular space, or a heat conductive thin plate member or a copper layer is disposed on the inner wall surface of the tubular body, or a heat pipe is disposed on the inner surface of the tubular body. Since the function is provided, the temperature in the cylindrical body can be made more uniform.

［実施の形態１］
以下、本発明の実施の形態１に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールについて説明する。
この薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールは、例えばシート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品（以下、シートと称して説明する）を金属ロール挟圧成形法により製造するロール成形装置に用いられるものとして説明する。 [Embodiment 1]
The following describes a thin film-like resin molding presser rolls according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
This pressing roll for forming a thin film resin will be described as being used for a roll forming apparatus for manufacturing a thin film resin product (hereinafter, referred to as a sheet) such as a sheet or film by a metal roll pressing method. .

まず、図１に基づき、ロール成形装置の概略構成について説明する。
このロール成形装置１は、押出成形機のダイ２から押し出されたシート状の溶融樹脂３を導き所定厚さのシート４を製造するためのもので、厚肉（厚さが大きいという意味）の金属製ロールが用いられた高剛性の主ロール１１と、この主ロール１１に接触するように並置された押さえロール１２と、この押さえロール１２とは反対側で主ロール１１に近接した位置にて並置された冷却用ロール１３とから構成されている。 First, a schematic configuration of the roll forming apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.
This roll forming device 1 is for producing a sheet 4 having a predetermined thickness by guiding a sheet-like molten resin 3 extruded from a die 2 of an extrusion molding machine, and is thick (meaning that the thickness is large). A highly rigid main roll 11 using a metal roll, a pressing roll 12 juxtaposed so as to be in contact with the main roll 11, and a position close to the main roll 11 on the opposite side of the pressing roll 12 It is comprised from the roll 13 for cooling arranged in parallel.

すなわち、シート状の溶融樹脂３は、主ロール１１と押さえロール１２との間に導かれて、押さえロール１２により主ロール１１側に押し付けられることにより、所定厚さに形成されるとともに所定温度に維持された後すなわち調温された後、下流側に配置された冷却用ロール１３にて冷却されてシート４として引き出される。 That is, the sheet-like molten resin 3 is guided between the main roll 11 and the pressing roll 12 and pressed against the main roll 11 side by the pressing roll 12, thereby forming a predetermined thickness and at a predetermined temperature. After being maintained, that is, after the temperature is adjusted, the sheet is cooled by the cooling roll 13 disposed on the downstream side and pulled out as the sheet 4.

なお、上記主ロール１１は、厚肉の内筒２１と、この内筒２１の外周に放射状に設けられた複数のリブ２２を介して配置された内筒２１よりも厚い肉厚を有する外筒２３とから構成されており、上記内筒２１と外筒２３との間に設けられた環状空間部２４つまりリブ２２間には冷却流体が供給されるように構成されている。また、冷却用ロール１３についても、説明はしないが、主ロール１１と略同じ構成にされている。 The main roll 11 includes a thick inner cylinder 21 and an outer cylinder having a thicker wall thickness than the inner cylinder 21 disposed via a plurality of ribs 22 provided radially on the outer periphery of the inner cylinder 21. The cooling fluid is supplied between the annular space 24 provided between the inner cylinder 21 and the outer cylinder 23, that is, between the ribs 22. Further, the cooling roll 13 is configured substantially the same as the main roll 11 although not described.

以下、本発明に係る押さえロール１２について説明する。
この押さえロール１２は、図２および図３に示すように、中央部分に所定外径で且つ所定長さの円柱部（筒状部ともいえる）３２が形成されるとともに両端部に当該円柱部３２よりも小径の軸部３３（３３Ａ，３３Ｂ）が形成され且つ導電性材料（例えば、鋼が用いられる）よりなる円柱軸体３１と、この円柱軸体３１の外周に且つ所定幅（または所定隙間で、具体的には、１５〜２０ｍｍ程度である）ｄでもって環状空間部３４を有するように配置された筒状体３６と、上記円柱軸体３１の円柱部３２の外周に銅線が巻き付けられてなる電磁誘導コイル３７とから構成されている。 Hereinafter, the pressing roll 12 according to the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the pressing roll 12 has a cylindrical portion (also referred to as a cylindrical portion) 32 having a predetermined outer diameter and a predetermined length formed at the center portion, and the cylindrical portions 32 at both ends. small-diameter shaft portion 33 than (33A, 33B) are formed and a conductive material (e.g., steel is used) and the cylindrical shaft body 31 made of, was and a predetermined width (or the outer periphery of the cylindrical shaft body 31 A copper wire is provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 32 of the cylindrical shaft body 31 and the cylindrical body 36 arranged so as to have an annular space portion 34 with a predetermined gap, specifically about 15 to 20 mm. Is formed of an electromagnetic induction coil 37 wound around.

上記筒状体３６は、中央部分の薄肉円筒部４１と、この薄肉円筒部４１の両端部に取り付けられる支持軸部４２（４２Ａ，４２Ｂ）とから構成されている。
そして、上記円柱軸体３１の一端側の軸部３３Ａは軸受４３を介して一方の支持軸部４２Ａ側に回転自在に支持され、また他端側の軸部３３Ｂは軸受４４を介して他方の支持軸部４２Ｂ側に回転自在に支持され、さらにこの他端側の軸部３３Ｂの端面から小径軸状部３３Ｂａが突設されるとともにその先端は他方の支持軸部４２Ｂに設けられた貫通穴４６を挿通して外部に導出され、この導出された先端部分に上記電磁誘導コイル３７に交流電流、例えば高周波電流を供給するための接続用端子４５が設けられている。なお、小径軸状部３３Ｂａは、他方の支持軸部４２Ｂに形成された貫通穴４６に軸受４７を介して支持されている。勿論、この押さえロール１２の両端部である両支持軸部４２Ａ，４２Ｂは軸受４８を介してフレーム４９側に支持されている。 The cylindrical body 36 includes a thin cylindrical portion 41 at the center and support shaft portions 42 (42A, 42B) attached to both ends of the thin cylindrical portion 41.
The shaft portion 33A on one end side of the cylindrical shaft body 31 is rotatably supported on one support shaft portion 42A side via a bearing 43, and the shaft portion 33B on the other end side is supported on the other side via a bearing 44. A small-diameter shaft-shaped portion 33Ba protrudes from the end surface of the shaft portion 33B on the other end side and is rotatably supported on the support shaft portion 42B side, and a tip of the through-hole provided in the other support shaft portion 42B A connection terminal 45 for supplying an alternating current, for example, a high-frequency current, to the electromagnetic induction coil 37 is provided at the leading end portion inserted through 46 and led to the outside. The small-diameter shaft portion 33Ba is supported through a bearing 47 in a through hole 46 formed in the other support shaft portion 42B. Of course, both the support shaft portions 42A and 42B, which are both ends of the pressing roll 12, are supported on the frame 49 side via the bearings 48.

そして、上記筒状体３６の薄肉円筒部４１は、磁性材料で且つ導電性材料である鋼（強磁性体で、具体的には炭素鋼）が用いられるとともにその厚さが０．６〜５ｍｍの範囲内（この厚さの範囲については後述する）にされている。つまり、薄肉円筒部４１は、金属製薄板（所謂、薄鋼板である）により構成されている。 The thin cylindrical portion 41 of the cylindrical body 36 is made of steel (ferromagnetic material, specifically carbon steel) that is a magnetic material and a conductive material, and has a thickness of 0.6 to 5 mm. (This thickness range will be described later). That is, the thin cylindrical portion 41 is formed of a metal thin plate (a so-called thin steel plate).

また、円柱軸体３１と筒状体３６との間の環状空間部３４には空気が封入されており、筒状体３６の全体に対する温度の均一化が図られている。
ところで、上記電磁誘導コイル３７は、円柱軸体３１の長手方向、つまりロール軸心方向において、複数に例えば３つに分割されている（勿論、４つ以上、例えば５つまたは７つに分割してもよい）。なお、分割された分割コイル部３７ａ同士間には隙間δが設けられている。 In addition, air is sealed in the annular space portion 34 between the cylindrical shaft body 31 and the cylindrical body 36 so that the temperature of the entire cylindrical body 36 is made uniform.
By the way, the electromagnetic induction coil 37 is divided into a plurality of, for example, three in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical shaft body 31, that is, the roll axis direction (of course, divided into four or more, for example, five or seven. May be) A gap δ is provided between the divided coil portions 37a.

そして、上記各分割コイル部３７ａに供給される高周波電流をそれぞれ制御する制御部５が設けられている。
すなわち、制御部５を介して各分割コイル部３７ａに高周波電流が流されると、円柱軸体３１の一端側から出て他端側に入り交番磁束が発生し、この磁束が筒状体３６の薄肉円筒部４１を通過することにより当該薄肉円筒部４１に誘導電流が発生する。この誘導電流により、筒状体３６が、より正確には薄肉円筒部４１がジュール熱により加熱される。 And the control part 5 which respectively controls the high frequency current supplied to each said division | segmentation coil part 37a is provided.
That is, when a high-frequency current is passed through each divided coil portion 37 a via the control unit 5, an alternating magnetic flux is generated from one end side of the cylindrical shaft body 31 and enters the other end side. By passing through the thin cylindrical portion 41, an induced current is generated in the thin cylindrical portion 41. By this induced current, the cylindrical body 36, more precisely, the thin cylindrical portion 41 is heated by Joule heat.

そして、この薄肉円筒部４１が所定温度となるように、制御部５により、ロール軸心方向でその温度が制御されている。したがって、各分割コイル部３７ａに対応する筒状体３６の内壁面には、温度センサ（図示せず）が設けられるとともに、この温度センサにて検出された検出温度が制御部５に入力されている。 And the temperature is controlled by the control part 5 in the roll axial direction so that this thin cylindrical part 41 may become predetermined temperature. Therefore, a temperature sensor (not shown) is provided on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body 36 corresponding to each divided coil portion 37a, and the detected temperature detected by this temperature sensor is input to the control unit 5. Yes.

例えば、筒状体３６全体としての温度範囲は、１００〜４００℃の範囲内（勿論、具体的な温度は、製造する溶融樹脂製品によって異なる）となるように制御されるとともに、溶融樹脂との接触部分の全長に亘って均一な温度となるように、それぞれの分割コイル部３７ａに流される高周波電流が制御されて、ロールの調温が行われる。 For example, the temperature range of the entire cylindrical body 36 is controlled to be within a range of 100 to 400 ° C. (Of course, the specific temperature varies depending on the molten resin product to be manufactured). The high-frequency current flowing through each of the divided coil portions 37a is controlled so that the temperature of the roll is adjusted so that the temperature is uniform over the entire length of the contact portion.

特に、電磁誘導コイル３７の端面からは磁束が逃げやすく、すなわち薄肉円筒部４１の端部近傍が低温領域になりやすいため、例えば両端部近傍の分割コイル部３７ａに流される高周波電流が強くされる。 In particular, the electromagnetic induction from the end surface of the coil 37 the magnetic flux escapes or rather be, that is, the end portion of the thin cylindrical portion 41 tends to be low temperature region, for example, a high-frequency current flowing in the divided coil part 37a near both ends is strongly Is done.

上記構成において、シートを製造する場合、まず制御部５を介して電磁誘導コイル３７に、すなわち各分割コイル部３７ａに所定の高周波電流が供給されて交番磁束が発生される。この交番磁束により筒状体３６すなわち薄肉円筒部４１には誘導電流が発生し、そしてこの誘導電流に起因して発生するジュール熱により当該筒状体３６は所定温度に加熱される。この加熱とともに所定の回転速度でもって主ロール１１および押さえロール１２が回転されている状態において、押出成形機のダイ２からシート状の溶融樹脂３が両ロール１１，１２間に導かれ、ここで両ロール１１，１２による押圧（挟圧）にて所定厚さにされた後、冷却用ロール１３を介してシート４として引き出される。 In the above configuration, when a sheet is manufactured, first, a predetermined high-frequency current is supplied to the electromagnetic induction coil 37, that is, each divided coil portion 37a, via the control unit 5 to generate an alternating magnetic flux. Due to this alternating magnetic flux, an induced current is generated in the cylindrical body 36, that is, the thin cylindrical portion 41, and the cylindrical body 36 is heated to a predetermined temperature by Joule heat generated due to this induced current. In the state where the main roll 11 and the pressing roll 12 are rotated at a predetermined rotational speed with this heating, the sheet-like molten resin 3 is guided between the rolls 11 and 12 from the die 2 of the extruder. After a predetermined thickness is obtained by pressing (squeezing pressure) by both rolls 11, 12, the sheet 4 is pulled out via the cooling roll 13.

ところで、押さえロール１２内においては、電磁誘導コイル３７により発生した交番磁束による電磁誘導により、薄肉円筒部４１の表面が所定温度に、例えば３００℃に維持されて、つまり導かれたシート状溶融樹脂３の調温が行われる。このとき、円柱軸体３１と筒状体３６との間の環状空間部３４に封入された空気により、薄肉円筒部４１の温度の均一化が図られている。 By the way, in the presser roll 12, the surface of the thin cylindrical portion 41 is maintained at a predetermined temperature, for example, 300 ° C. by electromagnetic induction by the alternating magnetic flux generated by the electromagnetic induction coil 37, that is, the sheet-like molten resin introduced. Temperature control of 3 is performed. At this time, the temperature of the thin cylindrical portion 41 is made uniform by the air sealed in the annular space portion 34 between the cylindrical shaft body 31 and the cylindrical body 36.

このように、押さえロール１２を、円柱軸体３１および筒状体３６で構成するとともに、この筒状体３６を円柱軸体３１に設けられた電磁誘導コイル３７により電磁誘導加熱を行うようになし、さらに電磁誘導コイルを複数に分割してそれぞれに流される高周波電流を制御するとともに円柱軸体３１と筒状体３６との間の環状空間部３４に空気を封入したので、従来のように、ポンプなどの圧送手段により液媒を環状空間部に直接供給するものとは異なり、圧力変動が発生せず、したがって筒状体３６における表面の変形を防止することができ、したがって製品であるシート４の厚さおよび表面性状を、より均一にして、品質の向上を図ることができる。 As described above, the pressing roll 12 is constituted by the cylindrical shaft body 31 and the cylindrical body 36, and the cylindrical body 36 is subjected to electromagnetic induction heating by the electromagnetic induction coil 37 provided on the cylindrical shaft body 31. In addition, the electromagnetic induction coil is further divided into a plurality of parts to control the high-frequency current flowing in each of the coils, and air is sealed in the annular space 34 between the cylindrical shaft body 31 and the cylindrical body 36. Unlike the case where the liquid medium is directly supplied to the annular space by a pumping means such as a pump, the pressure fluctuation does not occur, and therefore the deformation of the surface of the cylindrical body 36 can be prevented. The thickness and the surface texture of the film can be made more uniform to improve the quality.

ここで、上記筒状体３６の厚さ、すなわち薄肉円筒部４１の厚さについて説明すると、０．６〜５ｍｍの範囲とされ、この範囲の決定に際しては、主ロール１１との接触部分で発生する線圧に基づき求められる。 Here, the thickness of the cylindrical body 36, that is, the thickness of the thin cylindrical portion 41 is described as being in the range of 0.6 to 5 mm, and is generated at the contact portion with the main roll 11 when determining this range. It is calculated based on the linear pressure.

最小線圧の下限値は機械強度上から決定され、機械的摺動抵抗を考慮した機械的な下限線圧は２Ｎ／ｍｍ程度であり、また低残留歪、表面平滑性、透明性などの特長を有する薄肉シート・フィルムを挟圧成形し得る場合の上限の線圧域は３０〜４０Ｎ／ｍｍ程度である（これより高い線圧域では、残留歪や収縮率が大きくなってしまう）。したがって、最小線圧は２Ｎ／ｍｍとするとともに、最大線圧は４０Ｎ／ｍｍとする。 The lower limit of the minimum linear pressure is determined from the mechanical strength, the mechanical lower limit linear pressure considering the mechanical sliding resistance is about 2 N / mm, and features such as low residual strain, surface smoothness, and transparency The upper limit of the linear pressure region in the case where the thin sheet / film having a thickness can be nipped is about 30 to 40 N / mm (residual strain and shrinkage ratio increase in a higher linear pressure region). Therefore, the minimum linear pressure is 2 N / mm and the maximum linear pressure is 40 N / mm.

次に、最小線圧および最大線圧に基づき、薄肉円筒部４１の厚さ（ここでは、ロールの厚さと称して説明する）を解析した結果について説明する。なお、解析を行うにあたっては、実用上、代表的なロール形状寸法である押さえロール外径３００ｍｍ，主ロール外径４００ｍｍおよび有効接触面長さ２０００ｍｍを採用した。 Next, the result of analyzing the thickness of the thin cylindrical portion 41 (hereinbelow referred to as the thickness of the roll) based on the minimum linear pressure and the maximum linear pressure will be described. In the analysis, a pressing roll outer diameter of 300 mm, a main roll outer diameter of 400 mm, and an effective contact surface length of 2000 mm, which are typical roll shape dimensions, were employed in practice.

まず、最小線圧が２Ｎ／ｍｍとした場合のロール厚と最大応力との関係を求めると、図４のグラフのようになる。
最小線圧を２Ｎ／ｍｍとした場合の炭素鋼、例えばＳＣＭ材（ＪＩＳ規格：調質材）の回転曲げの疲労限度が５２０Ｎ／ｍｍ^２であり、安全率（０．８）を考慮して、４２０Ｎ／ｍｍ^２（５２０×０．８≒４２０）を満足する最小肉厚を、図４のグラフから求めると、０．６５ｍｍとなる。この値を丸めて、０．６ｍｍ（安全率を高く見ているので、切捨てた値を採用）を最小肉厚とした。 First, the relationship between the roll thickness and the maximum stress when the minimum linear pressure is 2 N / mm is obtained as shown in the graph of FIG.
When the minimum linear pressure is 2 N / mm, the fatigue limit of rotating bending of carbon steel, for example, SCM material (JIS standard: tempered material) is 520 N / mm ² , taking into account the safety factor (0.8) , 420 N / mm ² (520 × 0.8≈420), the minimum thickness obtained from the graph of FIG. 4 is 0.65 mm. This value was rounded to a minimum thickness of 0.6 mm (adopting a truncated value because the safety factor is high).

一方、最大肉厚については、最小肉厚が疲労限度を満足している関係上、当然、満足していることから、弾性接触の観点に基づき求めた。
すなわち、低残留歪、表面平滑性、透明性などの特長を有する薄肉シート・フィルムを挟圧成形し得る場合の上限の線圧域は、３０〜４０Ｎ／ｍｍ程度で、これ以上の高線圧域では、残留歪や収縮率が大きくなる。 On the other hand, the maximum wall thickness was obtained from the viewpoint of elastic contact because it was naturally satisfied because the minimum wall thickness satisfied the fatigue limit.
In other words, the upper limit of the linear pressure when a thin sheet or film having features such as low residual strain, surface smoothness, and transparency can be nipped is about 30 to 40 N / mm, and a higher linear pressure than this. In the region, the residual strain and shrinkage rate increase.

そこで、押さえロールの弾性変形による接触幅が一定となるように、例えば３ｍｍとなるように、押さえロール肉厚と線圧との関係を求めると、図５に示すグラフのようになる。 Therefore, when the relationship between the thickness of the pressing roll and the linear pressure is determined so that the contact width due to the elastic deformation of the pressing roll is constant, for example, 3 mm, the graph shown in FIG. 5 is obtained.

このグラフから、線圧が４０Ｎ／ｍｍであるときの肉厚を求めると、４．７ｍｍとなるが、これを丸めて、５ｍｍを最大肉厚とした。
上述したような肉厚の範囲であれば、常温から６００℃程度の高温度までの温度範囲において、国内の商用電源（交流）の周波数（５０〜６０Ｈｚ）にて筒状体３６の内外面を効率良く均一な温度にすることができるとともに、もう少し高い２００Ｈｚ程度の周波数を用いることもできる。さらに即効的に加熱するために、図６に示す周波数をパラメータとする温度と電流浸透深さとの関係を示すグラフから、採用する薄肉円筒部の肉厚に対応する周波数を選定してもよい。例えば、肉厚が０．６ｍｍの場合には１０ｋＨｚが、また２〜３ｍｍの場合には５００Ｈｚ程度が選定される。
［実施の形態２］
次に、本発明の実施の形態２に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールを、図７に基づき説明する。 From this graph, the thickness when the linear pressure is 40 N / mm is determined to be 4.7 mm, which is rounded to 5 mm as the maximum thickness.
If it is the range of thickness as mentioned above, in the temperature range from normal temperature to about 600 degreeC high temperature, the internal and external surface of the cylindrical body 36 is used with the frequency (50-60Hz) of a domestic commercial power supply (alternating current). A uniform temperature can be achieved efficiently, and a slightly higher frequency of about 200 Hz can be used. Further, in order to quickly heat, the frequency corresponding to the thickness of the thin cylindrical portion to be employed may be selected from the graph showing the relationship between the temperature and the current penetration depth using the frequency shown in FIG. 6 as a parameter. For example, when the thickness is 0.6 mm, 10 kHz is selected, and when it is 2 to 3 mm, about 500 Hz is selected.
[Embodiment 2]
Next, a thin film-shaped resin molding press roll according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

上記実施の形態１においては、押さえロール１２の筒状体３６における薄肉円筒部４１と電磁誘導コイル３７との間の環状空間部３４には何も配置しなかったが、図７に示すように、本実施の形態２に係る押さえロール５０は、その環状空間部３４に、非磁性材料であるとともに高熱伝導性を有するアルミニウムの薄板材を蛇腹形状（勿論、環状でもある）にした熱伝達部材５１を配置したものである。 In the first embodiment, nothing is arranged in the annular space portion 34 between the thin cylindrical portion 41 and the electromagnetic induction coil 37 in the cylindrical body 36 of the presser roll 12, but as shown in FIG. The press roll 50 according to the second embodiment has a heat transfer member in which the annular space 34 is formed of a non-magnetic material and an aluminum thin plate material having high thermal conductivity in a bellows shape (of course, also in an annular shape). 51 is arranged.

このような熱伝達部材５１を配置することにより、薄肉円筒部４１におけるロール軸心方向での温度のより一層の均一化を図ることができる。
［実施の形態３］
次に、本発明の実施の形態３に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールを、図８および図９に基づき説明する。 By disposing such a heat transfer member 51, the temperature in the roll axis direction in the thin cylindrical portion 41 can be made more uniform.
[Embodiment 3]
Next, a thin film-shaped resin molding press roll according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

上記実施の形態１においては、押さえロール１２の筒状体３６における薄肉円筒部４１の内面側には何も配置しなかったが、図８および図９に示すように、本実施の形態３に係る押さえロール６０は、筒状体３６すなわち薄肉円筒部４１の内壁面の略全面に亘って、銅、黄銅、アルミニウム、亜鉛、オーステナイト系ステンレスなどの非磁性材料からなる薄板状部材６１を配置する（貼り付ける）ようにしてもよい。また、この薄板状部材６１には、熱による膨張および収縮を許容するために、切れ目６２が形成されている。 In the first embodiment, nothing is arranged on the inner surface side of the thin cylindrical portion 41 in the cylindrical body 36 of the presser roll 12, but as shown in FIGS. The presser roll 60 has a thin plate-like member 61 made of a nonmagnetic material such as copper, brass, aluminum, zinc, or austenitic stainless steel disposed over substantially the entire inner wall surface of the cylindrical body 36, that is, the thin cylindrical portion 41. (Paste) may be used. The thin plate member 61 is formed with a cut 62 in order to allow expansion and contraction due to heat.

この構成によると、実施の形態２と同様に、薄肉円筒部４１におけるロール軸心方向での温度のより一層の均一化を図ることができる。
［実施の形態４］
次に、本発明の実施の形態４に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールを、図１０および図１１に基づき説明する。 According to this configuration, as in the second embodiment, the temperature in the roll axis direction in the thin cylindrical portion 41 can be made more uniform.
[Embodiment 4]
Next, a thin film resin molding press roll according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.

上記実施の形態１においては、押さえロール１２の筒状体３６の内面には何も設けなかったが、図１０および図１１に示すように、本実施の形態４に係る押さえロール７０は、筒状体３６すなわち薄肉円筒部４１の内壁面の略全面に亘って、銀、銅、アルミニウムなどの非磁性材料で且つ高熱伝導性を有する第１薄板材（第１薄板部）７１と、鋼、ニッケルなどの磁性材料で且つ熱伝導性を有する第２薄板材（第２薄板部）７２とを交互に積層してなる薄板状部材７３を配置したものである。この場合も、例えば平面視が三角波形状（ギザギザ状）の切れ目７４が形成されている。 In the first embodiment, nothing is provided on the inner surface of the cylindrical body 36 of the pressing roll 12. However, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the pressing roll 70 according to the fourth embodiment has a cylindrical shape. A first thin plate material (first thin plate portion) 71 made of a non-magnetic material such as silver, copper, and aluminum and having high thermal conductivity over substantially the entire inner wall surface of the thin body 36, that is, the thin cylindrical portion 41, steel, A thin plate member 73 formed by alternately laminating a second thin plate material (second thin plate portion) 72 made of a magnetic material such as nickel and having thermal conductivity is disposed. Also in this case, for example, a cut 74 having a triangular wave shape (jagged shape) in plan view is formed.

このような熱伝導性を有する薄板状部材７３を配置することにより、実施の形態２と同様に、薄肉円筒部４１におけるロール軸心方向での温度のより一層の均一化を図ることができる。 By disposing such a thin plate member 73 having thermal conductivity, the temperature in the roll axis direction in the thin cylindrical portion 41 can be made more uniform as in the second embodiment.

なお、本実施の形態４においては、非磁性材料である第１薄板材７１と磁性材料である第２薄板材７２とを交互に積層したが、例えば図１２に示すように、非磁性材料である第１薄板材７１の内壁面（表面）に、磁性材料で且つ熱伝導性を有するニッケルからなる所定長さの環状の第２薄板材７２′を所定隙間を有してロール軸心方向に沿って複数個配置するとともに、薄肉円筒部４１の両端近傍の低温領域に対応する第２薄板材７２′は中央部分のそれよりも長くされている。 In the fourth embodiment, the first thin plate material 71, which is a nonmagnetic material, and the second thin plate material 72, which is a magnetic material, are alternately stacked. However, as shown in FIG. 12, for example, a nonmagnetic material is used. On the inner wall surface (surface) of a certain first thin plate material 71, an annular second thin plate material 72 'having a predetermined length made of nickel which is a magnetic material and has thermal conductivity is provided in the roll axis direction with a predetermined gap. A plurality of second thin plate members 72 ′ corresponding to the low temperature regions near both ends of the thin cylindrical portion 41 are made longer than that of the central portion.

このように、ニッケルからなる第２薄板材７２′を複数箇所に配置し且つ両端近傍の低温領域に対応する第２薄板材７２′を中央部分のそれよりも長くしたので、第１薄板材７１および複数個の第２薄板材７２′とにより、薄肉円筒部４１に発生した熱の均一化、すなわちロール軸心方向での温度のより均一化を図ることができる。つまり、第４実施の形態の場合よりも、温度のさらなる一層の均一化を図ることができる。
［実施の形態５］
次に、本発明の実施の形態５に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールを、図１３に基づき説明する。 As described above, the second thin plate material 72 ′ made of nickel is arranged at a plurality of locations, and the second thin plate material 72 ′ corresponding to the low temperature region in the vicinity of both ends is made longer than that of the central portion. Further, by the plurality of second thin plate members 72 ′, the heat generated in the thin cylindrical portion 41 can be made uniform, that is, the temperature in the roll axis direction can be made more uniform. That is, the temperature can be made even more uniform than in the case of the fourth embodiment.
[Embodiment 5]
Next, a thin film-shaped resin molding presser roll according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

図１２に示した上記実施の形態４における変形例においては、薄肉円筒部４１の内壁面の略全面に亘って非磁性材料である第１薄板材７１およびさらにその内周面に、磁性材料で且つ熱伝導性を有するニッケルからなる所定長さの第２薄板材７２′を所定隙間を有して複数個配置したが、本実施の形態５に係る押さえロールは、その積層位置を逆にしたものである。 In the modified example of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the first thin plate material 71 which is a nonmagnetic material over substantially the entire inner wall surface of the thin cylindrical portion 41 and the inner peripheral surface thereof are made of a magnetic material. In addition, a plurality of second thin plate members 72 ′ having a predetermined length made of nickel having thermal conductivity are arranged with a predetermined gap, but the pressing roll according to the fifth embodiment has the stacking position reversed. Is.

すなわち、図１３に示すように、この押さえロール８０は、薄肉円筒部４１の内壁面の略全面に亘って磁性材料で且つ熱伝導性を有するニッケルからなる第１薄板材８１を配置するとともに、その内周面に、電気抵抗が高く且つ熱伝導率が小さいために速やかに加熱されるカーボンからなる所定長さの第２薄板材８２を所定隙間を有して複数個配置したものである。例えば、このカーボンは、蒸着により、第１薄板材８１の内周面に形成される。この場合も、薄肉円筒部４１の両端近傍の低温領域に対応する第２薄板材８２を中央部分のそれよりも長くされている。
［実施の形態６］
次に、本発明の実施の形態６に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールを、図１４に基づき説明する。 That is, as shown in FIG. 13, the pressing roll 80 has a first thin plate material 81 made of nickel that is a magnetic material and has thermal conductivity over substantially the entire inner wall surface of the thin cylindrical portion 41, and On the inner peripheral surface, a plurality of second thin plate members 82 having a predetermined length made of carbon that is rapidly heated because of high electrical resistance and low thermal conductivity are arranged with a predetermined gap. For example, the carbon is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the first thin plate material 81 by vapor deposition. Also in this case, the second thin plate member 82 corresponding to the low temperature region near both ends of the thin cylindrical portion 41 is made longer than that of the central portion.
[Embodiment 6]
Next, a pressing roll for thin film resin molding according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

上記実施の形態１においては、押さえロール１２の筒状体３６の内壁面には何も設けなかったが、図１４に示すように、本実施の形態６に係る押さえロール９０は、筒状体３６の内面側にヒートパイプ機能を具備させたものである。 In the first embodiment, nothing is provided on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body 36 of the pressing roll 12, but as shown in FIG. 14, the pressing roll 90 according to the sixth embodiment is a cylindrical body. The inner surface of 36 is provided with a heat pipe function.

すなわち、この押さえロール９０の筒状体３６における薄肉円筒部４１の内面側に且つ内壁面に沿って環状隙間９１を形成するように、断面がコの字形状の薄い環状板材（円柱部と両端のフランジ部とからなり、環状薄板材ともいえる）９２が設けられるとともに、この環状隙間９１には、水、アルコール、ナフタリンなどの熱媒体Ｈが充填（封入）されている。なお、この環状板材９２は、アルミニウム、真鍮などの非磁性材料にて構成されている。 That is, a thin annular plate member having a U-shaped cross section (a cylindrical portion and both ends) is formed so as to form an annular gap 91 on the inner surface side of the thin cylindrical portion 41 in the cylindrical body 36 of the pressing roll 90 and along the inner wall surface. The annular gap 91 is filled (enclosed) with a heat medium H such as water, alcohol, or naphthalene. The annular plate 92 is made of a nonmagnetic material such as aluminum or brass.

この押さえロール９０によると、やはり、筒状体３６すなわち薄肉円筒部４１に発生した熱については、その温度が高い箇所では、熱媒体Ｈが加熱されて蒸気となり、そしてこの蒸気がロール軸心方向で移動して温度が低い箇所で熱を放出して液化することにより、筒薄肉円筒部４１におけるロール軸心方向での温度のより一層の均一化が図られる。
［実施の形態７］
次に、本発明の実施の形態７に係る薄膜状樹脂成形用押さえロールを、図１５に基づき説明する。 According to the pressing roll 90, the heat generated in the cylindrical body 36, that is, the thin cylindrical portion 41, is heated at the location where the temperature is high, and becomes steam, and this steam is in the roll axial direction. The temperature in the direction of the roll axis in the cylindrical thin-walled cylindrical portion 41 can be made even more uniform by moving and moving in order to release heat and liquefy at a location where the temperature is low.
[Embodiment 7]
Next, a thin film-shaped resin molding presser roll according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

上記実施の形態１においては、押さえロール１２の筒状体３６における薄肉円筒部４１の内面には何も設けずに空気を封入したが、図１５に示すように、本実施の形態７に係る押さえロール１００は、筒状体３６における薄肉円筒部４１の内側である環状空間部３４内の空気を所定方向でもって供給および排出するようにしたものである。 In the first embodiment, air is sealed without providing anything on the inner surface of the thin cylindrical portion 41 in the cylindrical body 36 of the presser roll 12, but as shown in FIG. The press roll 100 supplies and discharges air in the annular space 34 that is inside the thin cylindrical portion 41 in the cylindrical body 36 in a predetermined direction.

すなわち、筒状体３６の一端側に空気を供給し得る空気供給部（簡単に言えば、継手である）１０１を設けるとともに他端側に空気を搬出し得る空気排出部（同じく、継手である）１０２を設け、そして空気供給部１０１には空気供給管１０３が接続されるとともに空気排出部１０２には空気排出管１０４が接続されている。勿論、空気供給管１０３の端部には、送風機などが接続されている。 That is, an air supply unit (simply speaking, a joint) 101 that can supply air to one end side of the cylindrical body 36 and an air discharge unit (also a joint) that can carry air to the other end side are provided. ) 102, and an air supply pipe 103 is connected to the air supply section 101 and an air discharge pipe 104 is connected to the air discharge section 102. Of course, a blower or the like is connected to the end of the air supply pipe 103.

この場合、円柱部３２の両端に設けられる軸部３３は、薄肉円筒部４１の両端に設けられる支持軸部４２に形成された貫通穴４６を挿通するように突設されるとともにそれぞれ軸受４７，４８により支持され、そして貫通穴４６と軸部３３との隙間を介して環状空間部３７内を空気が流れるようにされている。 In this case, the shaft portions 33 provided at both ends of the columnar portion 32 are projected so as to pass through through holes 46 formed in the support shaft portions 42 provided at both ends of the thin cylindrical portion 41, and bearings 47, respectively. Air is allowed to flow through the annular space 37 through a gap between the through hole 46 and the shaft portion 33.

この押さえロール１００によると、やはり、筒状体３６における薄肉円筒部４１に発生した熱が環状空間部３４内を流れる空気によりロール軸心方向で均一化され、すなわち薄肉円筒部４１のロール軸心方向での温度の均一化が図られる。この場合、供給空気量を制御することにより、空冷効果を増減することができるので、溶融樹脂の加熱温度が比較的低い温度であっても対応することができる。 According to the pressing roll 100, the heat generated in the thin cylindrical portion 41 of the cylindrical body 36 is also made uniform in the roll axial direction by the air flowing through the annular space portion 34, that is, the roll axial center of the thin cylindrical portion 41. Uniform temperature in the direction. In this case, since the air cooling effect can be increased or decreased by controlling the amount of supplied air, it is possible to cope with even a relatively low heating temperature of the molten resin.

なお、貫通穴４６と軸部３３との隙間を介して空気の供給および排出を行う替わりに、円柱軸体３１内に、空気の流通用穴部を形成することにより、環状空間部３７に対して空気の供給および排出を行うようにしてもよい。 Instead of supplying and discharging air through the gap between the through hole 46 and the shaft portion 33, an air circulation hole portion is formed in the cylindrical shaft body 31, so that the annular space portion 37 can be formed. The air may be supplied and discharged.

ところで、上述した各実施の形態においては、電磁誘導コイルをロール軸心方向にて複数に分割したものとして説明したが、例えば図１６に示すように、温度調整域全体に亘って一体化したものであってもよい。 By the way, in each embodiment mentioned above, although demonstrated as what divided | segmented the electromagnetic induction coil into multiple in the roll axial direction, for example, as shown in FIG. 16, what was integrated over the whole temperature control region It may be.

そして、さらに、この場合、両端部近傍の低温領域における電磁誘導コイル３７の巻数を中間部分のそれよりも多くすることにより、薄肉円筒部４１における温度のより均一化を図ることができる。 Further, in this case, the temperature of the thin cylindrical portion 41 can be made more uniform by increasing the number of turns of the electromagnetic induction coil 37 in the low temperature region near both ends than that in the intermediate portion.

このような電磁誘導コイルを有する押さえロールの基本的な構成を、簡潔に表現すると、以下のようになる。
すなわち、この押さえロールは、押出成形機から押し出されたシート状の溶融樹脂を主ロールとの間に導いてシート・フィルムなどの薄膜状樹脂製品を成形するための押さえロールであって、
導電性材料により形成された軸体と、この軸体との間で環状空間部を有するようにその外周にて回転自在に支持された筒状体と、上記軸体の外周に巻き付けられた電磁誘導コイルとから構成するとともに、
上記筒状体を、可撓性を有する磁性材料からなる金属製薄板により形成したものであり、
また上記構成において、筒状体の両端部近傍の低温領域における電磁誘導コイル３７の巻数を中間部分のそれよりも多くしたものである。 The basic configuration of such a press roll having an electromagnetic induction coil is simply expressed as follows.
That is, the press roll is a press roll for forming a thin resin product such as a sheet film by guiding the sheet-shaped molten resin extruded from the extrusion molding machine between the main roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body It consists of an induction coil and
The cylindrical body is formed by a thin metal plate made of a flexible magnetic material,
Moreover, in the said structure, the winding number of the electromagnetic induction coil 37 in the low temperature area | region of the both ends vicinity of a cylindrical body is made larger than that of an intermediate part.

本発明の実施の形態１に係る押さえロールを用いたロール成形装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the roll forming apparatus using the pressing roll which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 同実施の形態１に係る押さえロールの一部切欠正面図である。It is a partially notched front view of the pressing roll which concerns on the same Embodiment 1. FIG. 図２のＡ−Ａ断面図である。It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 同実施の形態１に係る押さえロールの肉厚を決定するためのロール厚と最大応力との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the roll thickness for determining the thickness of the pressing roll which concerns on the same Embodiment 1, and maximum stress. 同実施の形態１に係る押さえロールの肉厚を決定するためのロール厚と線圧との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the roll thickness for determining the thickness of the pressing roll which concerns on the same Embodiment 1, and a linear pressure. 炭素鋼の誘電加熱時における電流浸透深さと温度との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the current penetration depth at the time of dielectric heating of carbon steel, and temperature. 本発明の実施の形態２に係る押さえロールの要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing of the press roll which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態３に係る押さえロールの要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing of the press roll which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. 同実施の形態３に係る押さえロールの要部斜視図である。It is a principal part perspective view of the pressing roll which concerns on the same Embodiment 3. 本発明の実施の形態４に係る押さえロールの要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing of the press roll which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. 同実施の形態４に係る押さえロールの要部斜視図である。It is a principal part perspective view of the pressing roll which concerns on the same Embodiment 4. 実施の形態４に係る押さえロールの変形例を示す要部断面図である。FIG. 10 is a main part sectional view showing a modification of the pressing roll according to Embodiment 4. 本発明の実施の形態５に係る押さえロールの要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing of the press roll which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態６に係る押さえロールの要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing of the press roll which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態７に係る押さえロールの要部断面図である。It is principal part sectional drawing of the press roll which concerns on Embodiment 7 of this invention. 本発明の各実施の形態に係る押さえロールの変形例を示す一部切欠正面図である。It is a partially notched front view which shows the modification of the pressing roll which concerns on each embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

１ロール成形装置
２ダイ
３溶融樹脂
４シート
１１主ロール
１２押さえロール
３１円柱軸体
３２円柱部
３３軸部
３４環状空間部
３６筒状体
３７電磁誘導コイル
４１薄肉円筒部
４２支持軸部
４５接続用端子
５０押さえロール
５１熱伝達部材
６０押さえロール
６１薄板状部材
６２切れ目
７０押さえロール
７１第１薄板材
７２第２薄板材
７２′ 第２薄板材
７３薄板状部材
７４切れ目
８０押さえロール
８１第１薄板材
８２第２薄板材
９０押さえロール
９１環状隙間
９２環状板材
１００押さえロール
１０１空気供給部
１０２空気排出部
１０３空気供給管
１０４空気排出管 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Roll forming apparatus 2 Die 3 Molten resin 4 Sheet 11 Main roll 12 Pressing roll 31 Cylindrical shaft body 32 Cylindrical part 33 Shaft part 34 Annular space part 36 Cylindrical body 37 Electromagnetic induction coil 41 Thin cylindrical part 42 Support shaft part 45 For connection Terminal 50 Pressing roll 51 Heat transfer member 60 Pressing roll 61 Thin plate member 62 Cut 70 Pressing roll 71 First thin plate material 72 Second thin plate material 72 'Second thin plate material 73 Thin plate member 74 Cut 80 Pressing roll 81 First thin plate material 82 Second thin plate material 90 Presser roll 91 Annular gap 92 Annular plate material 100 Presser roll 101 Air supply unit 102 Air discharge unit 103 Air supply pipe 104 Air discharge pipe

Claims

A pressing roll for forming a sheet-shaped resin product such as a sheet or film by guiding a sheet-shaped molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm ,
A pressing roll for thin-film resin molding, characterized in that a heat transfer member made of an aluminum thin plate material having thermal conductivity is formed in a bellows shape in the annular space of the cylindrical body .

A pressing roll for forming a sheet-shaped resin product such as a sheet or film by guiding a sheet-shaped molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
Furthermore, the electromagnetic induction coil is divided into a plurality in the axial direction of the shaft body, and a controller that can control each of the currents supplied to the divided coil parts is provided .
A pressing roll for thin-film resin molding, characterized in that a heat transfer member made of an aluminum thin plate material having thermal conductivity is formed in a bellows shape in the annular space of the cylindrical body .

A pressing roll for forming a sheet-shaped resin product such as a sheet or film by guiding a sheet-shaped molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
And having a thermal conductivity of a non-magnetic material on the inner wall surface of the tubular body, copper, brass, aluminum, thin-film-like you, characterized in that a thin plate member made of one of zinc and austenitic stainless Resin molding press roll.

A pressing roll for forming a sheet-shaped resin product such as a sheet or film by guiding a sheet-shaped molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
Furthermore, the electromagnetic induction coil is divided into a plurality in the axial direction of the shaft body, and a controller that can control each of the currents supplied to the divided coil parts is provided.
And having a thermal conductivity of a non-magnetic material on the inner wall surface of the tubular body, copper, brass, aluminum, thin-film-like you, characterized in that a thin plate member made of one of zinc and austenitic stainless Resin molding press roll.

A pressing roll for forming a sheet-shaped resin product such as a sheet or film by guiding a sheet-shaped molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
A first thin plate portion made of any one of silver, copper and aluminum having a nonmagnetic material and heat conductivity on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body and a first material made of steel or nickel having a magnetic material and heat conductivity. thin film-like resin molding presser roll you characterized in that the second thin plate portion is arranged thin plate member formed by laminating alternately.

A pressing roll for forming a sheet-shaped resin product such as a sheet or film by guiding a sheet-shaped molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
Furthermore, the electromagnetic induction coil is divided into a plurality in the axial direction of the shaft body, and a controller that can control each of the currents supplied to the divided coil parts is provided.
A first thin plate portion made of any one of silver, copper and aluminum having a nonmagnetic material and heat conductivity on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body and a first material made of steel or nickel having a magnetic material and heat conductivity. thin film-like resin molding presser roll you characterized in that the second thin plate portion is arranged thin plate member formed by laminating alternately.

A pressing roll for forming a sheet-shaped resin product such as a sheet or film by guiding a sheet-shaped molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
With placing the copper layer on the inner wall surface of the tubular body, the inner wall surface of the copper layer, characterized in that by arranging a plurality of predetermined lengths nickel layer or a carbon layer along the roll axis thin Presser roll for film-shaped resin molding.

A pressing roll for forming a sheet-shaped resin product such as a sheet or film by guiding a sheet-shaped molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
Furthermore, the electromagnetic induction coil is divided into a plurality in the axial direction of the shaft body, and a controller that can control each of the currents supplied to the divided coil parts is provided.
With placing the copper layer on the inner wall surface of the tubular body, the inner wall surface of the copper layer, characterized in that by arranging a plurality of predetermined lengths nickel layer or a carbon layer along the roll axis thin Presser roll for film-shaped resin molding.

A pressing roll for forming a sheet-shaped resin product such as a sheet or film by guiding a sheet-shaped molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
An annular plate made of a nonmagnetic material is disposed on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body to form an annular gap between the cylindrical body and the annular plate, and a heat medium is filled in the annular gap. thin film-like resin molding presser roll you characterized by comprising a heat pipe function to the inner surface of the tubular body.

A pressing roll for forming a sheet-shaped resin product such as a sheet or film by guiding a sheet-shaped molten resin extruded from an extrusion molding machine between the main roll,
A shaft body formed of a conductive material, a cylindrical body rotatably supported on the outer periphery so as to have an annular space between the shaft body, and an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer periphery of the shaft body An induction coil and
And while forming the said cylindrical body with the metal thin plate which consists of a magnetic material which has flexibility, the thickness shall be the range of 0.6-5 mm,
Furthermore, the electromagnetic induction coil is divided into a plurality in the axial direction of the shaft body, and a controller that can control each of the currents supplied to the divided coil parts is provided.
Thereby forming an annular gap between the cylindrical body of the inner wall surface by placing the annular plate the cylindrical body and the annular plate member made of a nonmagnetic material, filled with a heat medium into the annular gap, thin film-like resin molding presser roll you characterized by comprising a heat pipe function to the inner surface of the tubular body.