JP5445146B2 - Defect diagnosis device, defect diagnosis method and program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a failure diagnosis device, a failure diagnosis method, and a program that are provided in a vehicle and can provide information that is more useful for a user or a dealer to maintain and manage the vehicle.

  In recent years, for example, Patent Document 1 has been described for the purpose of prompting fuel-saving driving by providing appropriate information in combination with the user's fuel-saving orientation and assisting the user or by raising interest in fuel-saving orientation. As described above, it has been proposed to sequentially obtain the fuel consumption obtained by dividing the travel distance from the previous refueling to the current refueling by the current refueling amount and present the fuel consumption of the vehicle to the user.

  Here, the fuel consumption of the vehicle is due to a failure in the vehicle situation such as insufficient air pressure of the tires, the load capacity, failure of the traveling system such as the engine, auxiliary system such as the air conditioner and alternator, and deterioration. It has the property of changing in a decreasing direction. In Patent Document 1, focusing on the fact that the actual measured value of fuel consumption is a parameter indirectly indicating these vehicle conditions, the fuel consumption in the past driving of the user and the latest fuel consumption are compared. When the fuel efficiency of the vehicle is reduced to some extent, it has been proposed to notify the user that a problem has occurred, assuming that a problem has occurred in the vehicle state.

JP 2002-166999 A

  However, the actual fuel consumption of the vehicle depends on how the user operates the accelerator and brakes, idling time, whether or not there is a slope on the road, whether or not there is a stop or start signal with a signal or a stop line, and the width or number of lanes. Various driving speeds, differences in vehicle speed depending on whether it is a general road or a highway, the frequency of deceleration before and after the curve, the frequency of acceleration after the curve, increased driving resistance during curve driving, repeated low-speed driving due to traffic jams, and repeated start / stop It can also be reduced by changing the driving conditions.

  In the notification based on the comparison between the past fuel consumption and the latest fuel consumption as described in Patent Document 1, it is assumed that the traveling conditions in the evaluation section of the fuel consumption to be compared are the same, and the traveling conditions are If they are different from each other, there arises a problem that the vehicle state cannot be accurately diagnosed, that is, whether or not a failure has occurred can not be accurately determined. However, the conventional technology has a problem that it is not possible to realize more accurate failure diagnosis based on the indirect parameter fuel consumption.

  In view of the above problems and problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a failure diagnosis device, a failure diagnosis method, and a program that can realize more accurate failure diagnosis based on fuel consumption.

In order to solve the above problem, the fault diagnosis device according to the present invention is:
An actual fuel consumption measuring means for measuring the actual fuel consumption of the vehicle;
Driving condition detecting means for detecting a driving condition when the actual fuel consumption of the vehicle is measured by the actual fuel consumption measuring means ;
Estimated fuel consumption calculation means for calculating an estimated fuel consumption when the actual fuel consumption measurement of the vehicle is performed by the actual fuel consumption measurement means based on the traveling condition detected by the traveling condition detection means and a predetermined prediction model;
Deviation calculation means for calculating a deviation between the actual fuel consumption measured by the actual fuel consumption measurement means and the estimated fuel consumption calculated by the estimated fuel consumption calculation means ;
Determination means for determining the presence or absence of occurrence of a vehicle condition failure in the vehicle based on the deviation ,
The determination unit determines that the defect has occurred when the deviation is larger than a design tolerance, and determines whether the defect is a failure based on a rate of change of the deviation.

  Note that the travel condition refers to a factor other than a failure in the vehicle state of the vehicle among factors that cause a decrease in the actual fuel consumption, for example, accelerator opening, engine speed, battery capacity, vehicle speed, loading It includes various parameters such as load, tire pressure, air conditioner usage and operating conditions, temperature, weather, humidity, traffic jam, presence of slope, presence of curves, presence of signals and pause lines. Some or all of these parameters selected as appropriate may be used.

  Further, as the predetermined prediction model, for example, a prediction model and a prediction model creation method known in the prior art described in JP-A-2005-291081 and JP-A-2006-118479 can be used. Furthermore, the time of measurement refers to, for example, the time of each measurement cycle of the actual fuel consumption measuring means, and ideally, the travel condition at the time of measurement is preferably a travel condition for each measurement cycle, When the detection cycle of the traveling condition detection unit is different from the measurement cycle, it may be the time of the detection cycle that is closest to or adjacent to the time of each measurement cycle.

  According to the problem diagnosis apparatus, the estimated fuel consumption can be calculated based on the driving condition when the actual fuel consumption is measured, and a deviation between the estimated fuel consumption and the actual fuel consumption is the driving condition. The deviation may be a parameter that reflects only the malfunction of the vehicle state of the vehicle, and the determination of the occurrence of the malfunction using the deviation, that is, the malfunction diagnosis may be made more accurate. it can.

  According to the failure diagnosis apparatus, the presence or absence of a failure in the vehicle state of the vehicle can be more accurately determined based on the deviation that is a parameter that reflects only the failure in the vehicle state of the vehicle and is an indirect parameter. Can be determined.

  The design tolerance is a tolerance based on the accuracy of the predetermined prediction model between the estimated fuel consumption and the actual fuel consumption. That is, the case where the deviation is larger than the design tolerance indicates a case where the actual fuel consumption falls below the estimation error and a deviation occurs.

  According to the failure diagnosis apparatus, based on the design tolerance that is easily obtained based on the deviation that is a parameter that reflects only the failure of the vehicle state of the vehicle and is an indirect parameter, and the specifications of the prediction model. Thus, it is possible to more accurately and easily determine whether or not the vehicle condition of the vehicle has occurred.

Furthermore, in the fault diagnosis device,
It is preferable that a notification unit that performs notification based on the determination result of the determination unit is included.

  According to the defect diagnosis apparatus, it is possible to perform notification that is easier for the user to deal with by appropriately performing notification based on the result of the determination.

That is, in the trouble diagnosis device,
When the determination means determines that the problem has occurred, the notification means notifies that the problem has occurred.

Here, in the trouble diagnosis device,
It is preferable that the determination unit determines whether the defect is a failure, a failure sign, or a deterioration based on the change rate of the deviation .

  According to the defect diagnosis apparatus, the determination unit can perform the determination in more detail regarding the defect.

Furthermore, in the fault diagnosis device,
Preferably, the determination unit compares the deviation change rate with a predetermined change rate corresponding to the failure and the failure predictor, and compares the deviation with a first predetermined value corresponding to the failure.

In addition, in the fault diagnosis device,
The determination means preferably compares the deviation with a second predetermined value corresponding to the failure sign smaller than the first predetermined value.

In addition, in the fault diagnosis device,
Preferably, the determination unit determines that the failure has occurred when the state in which the deviation is equal to or greater than the first predetermined value continues after the state in which the rate of change is equal to or greater than the predetermined rate of change. .

  According to the failure diagnosis apparatus, it is possible to more easily determine the occurrence of the failure based on a comparison between the predetermined change rate, the first predetermined value, and the deviation that are relatively easily obtained through experiments or simulations. Can do.

Furthermore, in the fault diagnosis device,
The determination means generates the failure sign when the state in which the deviation is equal to or greater than the second predetermined value and less than the first predetermined value continues after the state in which the rate of change is equal to or greater than the predetermined rate of change. It is preferable to determine that it is.

  According to the fault diagnosis device, it is possible to more easily determine the occurrence of the failure sign based on the comparison between the second predetermined value and the deviation that are relatively easily obtained by experiment or simulation.

Furthermore, in the fault diagnosis device,
Preferably, the determination means determines that the deterioration has occurred when the state in which the deviation is less than the second predetermined value continues after the state in which the change rate is less than the predetermined change rate continues. .

  According to the defect diagnosis device, it is possible to more easily determine the occurrence of the deterioration based on a comparison between the second predetermined value and the deviation which are relatively easily obtained by experiments or simulations.

More specifically, in the trouble diagnosis device,
When the determination means determines that the failure has occurred, the notification means notifies that the failure has occurred.

Similarly, in the trouble diagnosis device,
If the determination means determines that the failure sign has occurred, the notification means notifies that the failure sign has occurred.

Similarly, in the trouble diagnosis device,
When the determination means determines that the deterioration has occurred, the notification means notifies that the deterioration has occurred.

The fault diagnosis method according to the present invention is
A fault diagnosis method executed by the fault diagnosis device,
An actual fuel consumption measurement step for measuring the actual fuel consumption of the vehicle;
A driving condition detecting step for detecting a driving condition when the actual fuel consumption of the vehicle is measured by the actual fuel consumption measuring step ;
An estimated fuel consumption calculation step for calculating an estimated fuel consumption when the actual fuel consumption of the vehicle is measured by the actual fuel consumption measurement step based on the traveling condition detected by the traveling condition detection step and a predetermined prediction model;
A deviation calculating step for calculating a deviation between the actual fuel consumption measured by the actual fuel consumption measurement step and the estimated fuel consumption calculated by the estimated fuel consumption calculation step ;
A determination step for determining presence or absence of occurrence of a vehicle state malfunction in the vehicle based on the deviation ,
In the determination step, when the deviation is larger than a design tolerance, it is determined that the defect has occurred, and it is determined whether the defect is a failure based on the rate of change of the deviation .

The program of the present invention is
A program for causing a computer to execute the failure diagnosis method.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a failure diagnosis device, a failure diagnosis method, and a program that can realize more accurate failure diagnosis based on fuel consumption.

It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the malfunction diagnosis apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a time chart which shows the control content of the malfunction diagnosis apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the control content of the malfunction diagnosis apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the specific example of the content of alerting | reporting to a user as a control result of the malfunction diagnosis apparatus which concerns on this invention, and the content of treatment which a user and a dealer can take. It is a time chart which shows the control content in other embodiment of the malfunction diagnosis apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the control content of the malfunction diagnosis apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a table which shows the specific example of the malfunction corresponding to the determination content as a control result of the malfunction diagnostic apparatus which concerns on this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a failure diagnosis apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment.

  The failure diagnosis apparatus 1 includes a car navigation ECU 2 (Electronic Control Unit), a GPS antenna 3, a yaw rate sensor 4, a receiver 5, a database 6, a display 7, and a speaker 8. The car navigation ECU 2 is connected to an engine ECU 9, a brake ECU 10, and an EPS ECU 12 (Electronic Power Steering) via a communication standard such as CAN (Controller Area Network).

  The car navigation ECU 2 includes, for example, a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a data bus connecting them, and an input / output interface. The CPU will be described below according to a normal control program stored in the ROM or an estimation program read from the database 6. The processing is performed. The car navigation ECU 2 constitutes an actual fuel consumption measuring means 2a, a traveling condition detecting means 2b, an estimated fuel consumption calculating means 2c, a deviation calculating means 2d, a determining means 2e, a notifying means 2f, a searching means 2g, and a display means 2h.

  A GPS antenna 3 (Global Positioning System), a yaw rate sensor 4, a display 7, and a speaker 8 are connected to the car navigation ECU 2.

  The GPS antenna 3 receives radio waves from four satellites out of a plurality of satellites turning in an appropriate orbit over the earth. Based on these radio waves, the search means 2g uses the principle of triangulation to detect the vehicle. Measure the position or longitude, latitude and altitude.

  Here, the yaw rate sensor 4 detects the yaw rate of the vehicle, and a steering sensor (not shown) connected to the EPS ECU 12 is provided in a steering device of the vehicle (not shown) to detect the steering angle.

  The touch panel provided on the display 7 is an input device for a user to input search conditions such as a destination and a target time and a part of travel conditions described later.

  The database 6 is composed of a storage medium such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or hard disk. The database 6 stores and stores an estimation program including map information for display, map information for search, and a predetermined prediction model used by the estimated fuel consumption calculation means 2c. This estimation program corresponds to the program of the present invention, and the computer to be executed here is the car navigation ECU 2.

  The display 7 displays the route searched by the search means 2g based on the destination input by the touch panel together with the display map information under the instruction of the display means 2h. Based on this, text information or the like is displayed as appropriate.

  Here, the engine ECU 9 is composed of, for example, a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a data bus that interconnects them, and an input / output interface, and in accordance with an engine control program stored in the ROM, an engine fuel injection amount F (not shown) (l / s: liter seconds), throttle opening, valve lift, valve timing, engine speed, etc., and an alternator (not shown) is controlled based on the battery capacity detected as appropriate. A data frame including the battery capacity is transmitted to the car navigation ECU 2 by CAN.

  Further, the brake ECU 10 includes, for example, a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a data bus for connecting them, and an input / output interface. The CPU performs processing according to a brake control program stored in the ROM, and a brake device for each wheel (not shown). Is controlled to perform braking when the user depresses the brake pedal.

  At the same time, the brake ECU 10 has an ABS function (Anti-Lock Brake System) for preventing the wheel from being locked during braking. The brake ECU 10 obtains a wheel speed for use in the control from a wheel speed sensor (not shown), and the vehicle speed V (km / h) is calculated, and a data frame including the vehicle speed V (km / h) is transmitted to the car navigation ECU 2 by CAN.

  The EPS ECU 11 includes, for example, a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a data bus that connects them to each other, and an input / output interface. The CPU performs processing according to a program stored in the ROM and is input by a user to a steering wheel (not shown). The assist force of the steering device that steers the wheel is controlled based on the steering force. The EPS ECU 11 acquires a steering angle for use in assist force control from a steering sensor (not shown) inside the steering device, and transmits a data frame including the steering angle to the car navigation ECU 2 by CAN.

  Further, the receiver 5 is compliant with light or radio beacon, and receives road information from a VICS (Vehicle Information & Communication System). In VICS, general road information collected by the police and highway information collected by the Highway Public Corporation are sent to the VICS Center, and the edited information is transmitted by FM multiplex broadcasting, radio wave beacons or optical beacons. is there.

  Information sent by VICS includes traffic jam information, traffic jam sections, traffic jam distance, time required from vehicle position to destination, traffic regulation due to road construction, speed regulation, chain regulation, parking lot information, weather information, earthquake / tsunami, etc. Including emergency information.

  The above-described measurement of the position of the vehicle using the GPS antenna 3 is performed when the vehicle is located in a valley of a high-rise building, when the vehicle is traveling in a tunnel, or on a viaduct due to the characteristics of using radio waves from a satellite. For example, when the vehicle is traveling under the vehicle, the GPS antenna 3 cannot receive radio waves, and therefore a timing at which the vehicle position cannot be measured occurs.

  Therefore, when the GPS antenna 3 cannot receive radio waves, the search means 2g uses the vehicle speed V detected by the brake ECU 10, the yaw rate detected by the yaw rate sensor 4, and the steering angle detected by the steering sensor and transmitted from the EPS ECU 12. Based on the calculation, the distance and direction of the vehicle is calculated by the autonomous navigation system (INS) and the position of the vehicle is measured. The accuracy of vehicle position measurement is improved.

  The display means 2h displays the map information for display in the database 6, the position of the vehicle measured by the above-described method, the destination input by the touch panel, the traffic regulation by the road construction received by the receiver 5, The position of the vehicle on the map is specified and displayed on the display 7 together with the traffic information such as the traffic section and the route searched by the search means 2g.

  The actual fuel consumption measuring means 2a of the car navigation ECU 2 detects the vehicle speed V (km / h) transmitted from the brake ECU 10, detects the fuel injection amount F (l / s) transmitted from the engine ECU 9, and Using equation (1), the actual fuel consumption R (km / l) is measured and obtained by dividing the vehicle speed V by the fuel injection amount F and further dividing by 3.6.

カーナビゲーションＥＣＵ２の走行条件検出手段２ｂは、実燃費測定手段２ａの測定時刻に同期させて、エンジンＥＣＵ９から送信されるスロットル開度、バルブリフト量、バルブタイミング、エンジン回転数、バッテリ容量、ブレーキＥＣＵ１０から送信される車速Ｖ、探索手段２ｇが検出した高度、受信機５が受信した渋滞情報、天候情報、ＣＡＮ上から適宜取得できるエアコンの使用状況、予めタッチパネルにより入力する乗車人員、荷物等の重量、タイヤの空気圧を含む実燃費測定時の走行条件を検出する。

The driving condition detection means 2b of the car navigation ECU 2 synchronizes with the measurement time of the actual fuel consumption measurement means 2a, and the throttle opening, valve lift amount, valve timing, engine speed, battery capacity, brake ECU 10 transmitted from the engine ECU 9 The vehicle speed V transmitted from the vehicle, the altitude detected by the search means 2g, the traffic jam information received by the receiver 5, weather information, the use status of the air conditioner that can be obtained from the CAN as appropriate, the weight of passengers, luggage, etc. entered in advance through the touch panel Detecting the driving conditions at the time of actual fuel consumption measurement including tire air pressure.

  The estimated fuel consumption calculation means 2c of the car navigation ECU 2 reads out an estimation program including a predetermined prediction model stored in the database 6, performs a simulation, and inputs the driving conditions at the time of actual fuel consumption measurement detected by the driving condition detection means 2b. The output of a predetermined prediction model as a parameter is calculated as the estimated fuel consumption S.

  Further, the deviation calculation means 2d of the car navigation ECU 2 calculates a deviation D = S−R between the actual fuel consumption R and the estimated fuel consumption S.

  In addition, the determination unit 2e of the car navigation ECU 2 determines whether or not a vehicle state malfunction has occurred in the vehicle based on the deviation D. More specifically, the determination unit 2e determines that a failure has occurred when a state in which the deviation D is greater than the design tolerance Dp continues for a predetermined period P. The predetermined period P is determined in advance as a necessary and sufficient time for evaluating the tendency of the deviation D in the determination.

  Specific determination contents will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a time chart showing the estimated fuel consumption S with a broken line and the actual fuel consumption R with a solid line in the failure diagnosis apparatus 1 of the first embodiment. For example, in FIG. 2, when the actual fuel consumption R as shown by the solid line deviates from the middle and the deviation D exceeds the design tolerance Dp with respect to the estimated fuel consumption S as shown by the broken line, The determination unit 2e determines that a failure has occurred.

  Further, the notification unit 2f of the car navigation ECU 2 performs notification based on the determination result of the determination unit 2e. Specifically, when the determination unit 2e determines that a problem in the vehicle state has occurred. The notification means 2f notifies the display 7 and the sound of the speaker 8 that the failure has occurred and that the deviation D is greater than the design tolerance Dp and the state in which the deviation occurs continues.

  The control contents of the above-described failure diagnosis apparatus 1 of the first embodiment will be described using a flowchart and a schematic diagram. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the control contents of the failure diagnosis apparatus 1 of the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing treatment contents that a user or a dealer can take based on the notification.

  As a start (START) condition of the flowchart shown in FIG. 3, for example, an “engine start state” can be set, and this routine including processing up to RETURN described below is repeatedly executed every predetermined time.

  In step S1, the actual fuel consumption measurement means 2a of the car navigation ECU 2 detects the fuel injection amount F and the vehicle speed V from the CAN. In step S2, the actual fuel consumption measurement means 2a uses the above-described equation 1 to calculate the actual fuel consumption R. Measure.

  In step S3, the driving condition detection means 2b of the car navigation ECU 2 detects the above-described driving condition from the receiver 5 and CAN in synchronization with the process of step S2, and in step S4, the estimation program in the database 6 is detected. A read-out is performed and a simulation is performed, and a value output from a predetermined prediction model is calculated as an estimated fuel consumption S using the travel conditions during actual fuel consumption travel as input parameters.

  In step S5, the deviation calculation means 2d of the car navigation ECU 2 calculates the deviation D = S−R between the actual fuel consumption R and the estimated fuel consumption S, proceeds to step S6, and after shifting from START to step S1 for the predetermined time. It is determined whether or not the period P has elapsed. If the result is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S7. If the result is negative, the process returns to step S1. That is, until the predetermined period P elapses, the processing from step S1 to step S5 is repeatedly executed.

  In step S7, the determination means 2e of the car navigation ECU 2 determines whether or not the state where the deviation D is larger than the design tolerance Dp continues throughout the predetermined period P. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S8, and the determination is negative. If so, proceed to RETURN.

  In step S8, the determination means 2e of the car navigation ECU 2 determines that a problem has occurred in the vehicle state, and proceeds to step S9. In step S9, the notification means 2f of the car navigation ECU 2 generates a problem. That the deviation D is larger than the design tolerance Dp and the state where the deviation is occurring continues, for example, on the display 7, the text information “Fuel value is deteriorated by D” as shown on the right side of FIG. "The actual fuel consumption R is the estimated fuel consumption S." is displayed, and the same content is generated as the sound of the speaker 8 to notify.

  The processing from step S1 to step S9 is repeatedly executed at a predetermined processing cycle, and in the fault diagnosis method according to the present invention, the actual fuel consumption measurement step is executed in step S1 and step S2, and the traveling condition detection step is executed in step S3. The estimated fuel consumption calculation step is executed in step S4, the determination step is executed in step S7 and step S8, and the notification step is executed in step S9.

  According to the fault diagnosis apparatus 1 of the first embodiment and the fault diagnosis method executed thereby, the following operational effects can be obtained. That is, the estimated fuel consumption S can be calculated based on the driving condition when the actual fuel consumption R is measured, and the deviation D between the estimated fuel consumption S and the actual fuel consumption R does not occur depending on the driving condition. The deviation D can be a parameter that reflects only the malfunction of the vehicle state of the vehicle. For this reason, in the first embodiment, it is possible to make the determination of the occurrence of a failure using the deviation D, that is, the failure diagnosis more accurate.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the vehicle of the vehicle is more accurately based on the deviation D, which is an indirect parameter that is not direct diagnosis information, with the deviation D as a parameter that reflects only the malfunction of the vehicle state of the vehicle. It is possible to determine whether or not a state defect has occurred.

  Thereby, for example, when the vehicle has a state monitoring function of various in-vehicle devices, the state monitoring function can be backed up. In addition, since the deviation D has a characteristic that changes at an earlier stage than the direct diagnosis information, the failure information can be prefetched. Alternatively, in a low-grade vehicle, it is possible to reduce the cost by omitting hardware and software necessary for condition monitoring.

  Further, in the first embodiment, based on the design tolerance Dp that is easily obtained based on the deviation D, which is a parameter that reflects only the malfunction of the vehicle state of the vehicle and is an indirect parameter, and the specifications of the prediction model, It is possible to more accurately and more easily determine whether or not a vehicle state defect has occurred.

  In this case, in the first embodiment, since the error D is notified to the user together with the occurrence of the malfunction, as shown in the blowout in FIG. 4, when the deviation D, that is, the deviation amount is relatively large. Let the user know that there is a risk of running out of gas. For example, if there is a need to refuel tomorrow, you can encourage them to refuel. If the amount of deviation is relatively small, The user can be prompted to select according to the convenience of the user.

  When the user causes the dealer to store the vehicle for repair purposes, the dealer worker visually recognizes the deviation D, that is, the deviation amount. If the deviation amount is large, for example, the engine system has failed, and the deviation amount If it is small, it is possible to make a prediction of the location of the failure by adding a temporary star such as a garbage in the intake system. Thereby, before performing a full-scale inspection using a diagnostic tool etc., it can make it possible for an operator to attach a star as to which part of the vehicle is defective.

  In the first embodiment, only the presence / absence of a failure is determined, but the failure is classified into three types of items of failure, failure sign, and deterioration, and a time series of deviations in these classified items. It is also possible to determine whether or not these classified items are generated by utilizing the unique characteristics described below, respectively, and perform appropriate notification based on the determination contents. The second embodiment will be described below.

  The trouble diagnosis apparatus 1 of the second embodiment is the same as that shown in the first embodiment except for the determination contents and the display contents. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given, and individual descriptions are omitted, and only the control contents are provided. Will be explained.

  First, the behavior of a general deviation D, which is a technical idea in the control contents of the second embodiment, will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a time chart illustrating a change mode of the deviation D in the failure diagnosis apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis indicates time (s), the vertical axis indicates fuel consumption (km / h), and the two rectangular frames arranged in the horizontal direction, which are described as simulations on the inner side, are the predetermined periods shown in the first embodiment. The start Ts and the end Te of P are shown.

  In the time before the start period Ts of the predetermined period P in FIG. For convenience of explanation, in FIG. 5, the estimated fuel consumption S indicated by the broken line is constant after the start period Ts of the predetermined period P in order to make it easy to understand the relationship between the actual fuel consumption R and the deviation D in the figure market. For this reason, the deviation D with the estimated fuel efficiency S as a reference and the lower part being positive is indicated by an arrow line D1 with respect to the actual fuel efficiency solid line R1 indicated by the lower solid line in FIG. The same applies to the solid lines R2 and R3, in which the deviation D is indicated by an arrow line directed downward based on the estimated fuel consumption S indicated by a broken line.

  In general, when a failure occurs, the actual fuel consumption R shows the behavior of the lower solid line R1, the deviation D has a slope of a predetermined change rate ΔDh or more from the start point Ts, and the deviation D increases sharply. Continues, exceeds the second predetermined value D2 (normal / abnormal judgment criteria) based on the estimated fuel efficiency S, and further increases after the first predetermined value D1 (failure judgment criteria: D1> D2) or more Is completed, and after completion, the state of the first predetermined value D1 or more continues.

  Further, when a failure sign one step before the failure has occurred, the actual fuel consumption R shows the behavior of the solid line R2 on the middle side, and the deviation D is steep with a slope of a predetermined change rate ΔDh or more from the start point Ts. Continuously increasing, exceeding the second predetermined value D2 (normal / abnormal judgment criteria) based on the estimated fuel efficiency S, and never exceeding the first predetermined value D1 (failure judgment criteria). In the state, the continuation of the increase is completed, and after the completion, the state that is equal to or greater than the second predetermined value D2 continues.

  Further, when only deterioration occurs without any failure or failure sign, the actual fuel consumption R shows the behavior of the upper solid line R3, and the deviation D has a slope greater than the predetermined change rate ΔDh from the start point Ts. Thus, it does not increase steeply but gradually increases, and does not exceed the second predetermined value D2 (normality / abnormality determination criteria) based on the estimated fuel consumption S, but continues to exceed the design tolerance Dp.

  In the second embodiment, the deviation D, the first predetermined value D1, the second predetermined value D1, and the second predetermined value D2 are utilized by utilizing the transition having the above-described characteristics depending on whether the failure is failure, failure sign, or deterioration. Based on the comparison between the predetermined value D2 and the design tolerance Dp and the comparison between the change rate ΔD, which is a time differential value of the deviation D, and the predetermined change rate ΔDth, it is specified whether the failure is a failure, a failure sign, or a deterioration. Accordingly, the notification content is appropriately changed accordingly.

  That is, in the failure diagnosis apparatus 1 of the second embodiment, when the determination unit 2e of the car navigation ECU 2 determines that a failure has occurred, the notification unit 2f of the car navigation ECU 2 notifies that a failure has occurred. The determination unit 2e determines whether the failure is a failure, a failure sign, or a deterioration.

  That is, the determination unit 2e of the car navigation ECU 2 compares the change rate ΔD of the deviation D with a predetermined change rate ΔDth corresponding to the failure and the failure sign, and compares the deviation D with the first predetermined value D1 corresponding to the failure. And comparing the deviation D with a second predetermined value D2 corresponding to a failure sign smaller than the first predetermined value D1.

  More specifically, after the state in which the rate of change ΔD is equal to or greater than the predetermined rate of change ΔDth continues and is completed, the determination unit 2e fails when the state in which the deviation D is equal to or greater than the first predetermined value D1 continues. It is determined that it has occurred.

  Similarly, after the state in which the change rate ΔD is equal to or greater than the predetermined change rate ΔDth is continuously completed, the determination unit 2e continues in a state in which the deviation D is equal to or greater than the second predetermined value D2 and less than the first predetermined value D1. It is determined that a failure sign has occurred.

  Further, the determination unit 2e determines that the deterioration has occurred when the state in which the deviation D is less than the second predetermined value D2 continues after the state in which the change rate ΔD is less than the predetermined change rate ΔDth continues.

  Corresponding to these determinations, the notification content is changed. That is, when the determination unit 2e determines that a failure has occurred, the notification unit 2f notifies that a failure has occurred, and when the determination unit 2e determines that a failure sign has occurred. The notifying means 2f notifies that a failure sign has occurred, and if the determining means 2e determines that the deterioration has occurred, the notifying means 2f notifies that the deterioration has occurred. .

  Hereinafter, the control contents of the failure diagnosis apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to flowcharts. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the control contents of the failure diagnosis apparatus 1 of the first embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the step which is common in the flowchart shown in FIG.

  In step S1, the actual fuel consumption measurement means 2a of the car navigation ECU 2 detects the fuel injection amount F and the vehicle speed V from the CAN. In step S2, the actual fuel consumption measurement means 2a uses the above-described equation 1 to calculate the actual fuel consumption R. Measure.

  In step S3, the driving condition detection means 2b of the car navigation ECU 2 detects the above-mentioned driving conditions from the receiver 5 or the search means 2g and CAN in synchronization with the processing of step S2, and in step S4, the data in the database 6 is detected. The estimated program is read out, a simulation is performed, and a value output by a predetermined prediction model is calculated as the estimated fuel consumption S with the driving condition during actual fuel consumption traveling as an input parameter.

  In step S5-1, the deviation calculating means 2d of the car navigation ECU 2 calculates a deviation D = S−R between the actual fuel consumption R and the estimated fuel consumption S, and calculates the rate of change ΔD by differentiating the deviation D with respect to time. Proceeding to S6, it is determined whether or not the predetermined period P has elapsed since the initial transition from START to Step S1, and if affirmative, proceeding to Step S7; if negative, returning to Step S1. That is, until the predetermined period P elapses, the processing from step S1 to step S5 is repeatedly executed.

  In step S7, the determination means 2e of the car navigation ECU 2 determines whether or not the state where the deviation D is larger than the design tolerance Dp continues throughout the predetermined period P. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S8, and the determination is negative. If so, proceed to RETURN.

  In step S8, the determination means 2e of the car navigation ECU 2 determines that there is a problem in the vehicle state, but unlike the first embodiment, the second embodiment omits step S9, and at this stage The notifying means 2f of the car navigation ECU 2 does not notify that a problem has occurred and proceeds to step S10.

  In step S10, the determination means 2e of the car navigation ECU 2 determines whether or not the rate of change ΔD of the deviation D is continuously greater than or equal to the predetermined rate of change ΔDth, and proceeds to step S11 if affirmative. If so, the process proceeds to step S17.

  In step S11, the determination means 2e of the car navigation ECU 2 determines whether or not the state in which the deviation D is equal to or greater than the second predetermined value D2 continues. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S12. Proceed.

  In step S12, the determination means 2e of the car navigation ECU 2 determines whether or not the state in which the deviation D is equal to or greater than the first predetermined value D1 continues. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step S13. Proceed.

  In step S13, the determination unit 2e determines that a failure has occurred. In step 15, the determination unit 2e determines that a failure sign has occurred. In step S17, the determination unit 2e determines that deterioration has occurred.

  In step S14, the notifying means 2f displays text information on the display 7 that there is a failure and requires normal repair, and notifies by generating the same content as the sound of the speaker 8.

  In step S16, the notifying means 2f displays text information on the display 7 that the occurrence of a failure sign and the need for irregular maintenance is necessary, and notifies by generating the same content as the sound of the speaker 8.

  In step S18, the notifying means 2f displays text information on the display 7 indicating that periodic maintenance is recommended with the occurrence of deterioration, and notifies by generating the same content as the sound of the speaker 8.

  The processing from step S1 to step S18 is repeatedly executed at a predetermined processing cycle. In the fault diagnosis method according to the present invention, the actual fuel consumption measurement step is executed in step S1 and step S2, and the traveling condition detection step is executed in step S3. The estimated fuel consumption calculation step is executed in step S4 and step S5-1, the determination step is executed in step S7 to step S13, step S15, and step S17, and the notification step is executed in step S14, step S16, and step S18. Is done.

  According to the fault diagnosis device 1 of the second embodiment and the fault diagnosis method executed together with the control described above, the following advantageous effects can be obtained. That is, as in the first embodiment, the estimated fuel efficiency S can be calculated based on the traveling conditions when the actual fuel efficiency R is measured, and the deviation D between the estimated fuel efficiency S and the actual fuel efficiency R is the traveling condition. Therefore, the deviation D can be a parameter that reflects only the malfunction of the vehicle state.

  In the second embodiment, the determination using the deviation D and the three threshold values, the change rate ΔD of the deviation D, and the predetermined change rate ΔDth is used to determine whether or not a failure has occurred and whether the failure is a failure, a failure sign, or a deterioration. Therefore, the finer determination than in the first embodiment can be performed more accurately. As a result, it is possible to make it easier for both the user and the dealer's worker to attach a defective spot in advance.

  If the target to which the second embodiment is applied to the failure, the failure sign, and the deterioration is the intake system, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the failure determined in step S13 is determined by the air flow meter disconnection, step S15. The failure sign is a change in the characteristics of the air flow meter, and the deterioration determined in step S17 is an increase in dust accumulation in the air cleaner. Of course, the application target is not limited to the intake system, but may be an air conditioner system, a throttle system, an ignition system, and a battery system as shown in FIG.

  If the application target is an air conditioner system, the failure determined in step S13 is an evaporator temperature sensor disconnection, the failure sign determined in step S15 is an abnormal evaporator temperature sensor resistance value, and the deterioration determined in step S17 is an evaporator temperature sensor. Such as dust adhesion.

  If the application target is a throttle system, the failure determined in step S13 is the accelerator sensor disconnection, the failure sign determined in step S15 is a characteristic change in the resistance wiring of the throttle / accelerator sensor, and the deterioration determined in step S17. Indicates dust adhering to the throttle / accelerator sensor.

  Similarly, if the application target is an ignition system, the failure determined in step S13 is an ignition wire disconnection, the failure sign determined in step S15 is soot adhesion to the spark plug contact, and the deterioration determined in step S17 is ignition. For example, dust attached to the plug.

  Further, if the application target is an ignition system, the failure determined in step S13 is an alternator failure, the battery failure, the failure sign determined in step S15 is a battery cell failure, and the deterioration determined in step S17 is aged deterioration of the battery. Etc.

  Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and substitutions are made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. be able to.

  For example, in the embodiment described above, each means of the fault diagnosis device of the present invention is realized by the car navigation ECU 2, but may be realized by other ECUs. Further, the parameters detected as the running conditions are not limited to the combinations shown in the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately selected again, parameters can be added as appropriate, and parameters can be deleted as appropriate.

  Further, the method of measuring the actual fuel consumption R is not limited to that shown in the above-described embodiment, and it is possible to measure after obtaining other parameters. For example, the vehicle speed V is not limited to being acquired from the brake ECU 10 and can be acquired from another ECU.

  Further, in the second embodiment, no notification regarding the defect determination immediately after the defect determination is performed, but this may be executed if necessary.

  In addition, tire pressure may be detected at all times using the TPMS (Tire Pressure Measurement System), and the weight of passengers and luggage is always detected using a load sensor. May be omitted.

  Further, the estimation program used for the simulation of the estimated fuel consumption calculation is not stored in the database 6 as in the above-described embodiment, but is stored in the server of the road side or ground side center, and the estimated fuel consumption calculation means is stored in the server. The server and the car navigation ECU 2 may be configured to perform wireless communication with each other by a communication device, a base station, and a network.

  The present invention relates to a failure diagnosis apparatus, a failure diagnosis method, and a program capable of realizing more accurate failure diagnosis based on fuel efficiency that is an indirect parameter, and presents a more accurate failure diagnosis result to a user. Thus, it is possible to enhance the effect of prompting the user to take appropriate measures and promote safe driving, which is useful when applied to various vehicles such as passenger cars, trucks, and buses.

1 Trouble diagnosis device 2 Car navigation ECU
2a Actual fuel consumption measurement means 2b Travel condition detection means 2c Estimated fuel consumption calculation means 2d Deviation calculation means 2e Determination means 2f Notification means 2g Search means 2h Display means 3 GPS antenna 4 Yaw rate sensor 5 Receiver 6 Database 7 Display 8 Speaker 9 Engine ECU
10 Brake ECU
11 EPSECU

Claims (14)

An actual fuel consumption measuring means for measuring the actual fuel consumption of the vehicle;
Driving condition detecting means for detecting a driving condition when the actual fuel consumption of the vehicle is measured by the actual fuel consumption measuring means ;
Estimated fuel consumption calculation means for calculating an estimated fuel consumption when the actual fuel consumption measurement of the vehicle is performed by the actual fuel consumption measurement means based on the traveling condition detected by the traveling condition detection means and a predetermined prediction model;
Deviation calculation means for calculating a deviation between the actual fuel consumption measured by the actual fuel consumption measurement means and the estimated fuel consumption calculated by the estimated fuel consumption calculation means ;
Determination means for determining the presence or absence of occurrence of a vehicle condition failure in the vehicle based on the deviation ,
The determination unit determines that the defect has occurred when the deviation is larger than a design tolerance, and determines whether the defect is a failure based on a change rate of the deviation. . Comprising a notification means for performing notification on the basis of the result of determination of said determining means, malfunction diagnosis apparatus according to claim 1. Wherein when said by determining means malfunction is determined to have occurred, the notification means for notifying that the failure occurs, failure diagnosis apparatus according to claim 2. The determination means, based on a rate of change of the deviation, the malfunction, failure, the failure sign, and determines whether any one of the deterioration failure diagnostic apparatus according to claim 2 or 3. Together with the determination means performs a comparison with a predetermined change rate corresponding to the fault and the fault symptom and the rate of change of the deviation, is compared with the first predetermined value corresponding to the fault and the deviation claim 4 Defect diagnosis device described in 1. It said determination means for comparing a second predetermined value corresponding to the said difference first predetermined value smaller than the failure sign, malfunction diagnosis apparatus according to claim 5. The determination means determines that the failure when a state wherein the deviation after the state the rate of change is the greater than the predetermined change rate is continued is the first predetermined value or more continues occurs, claim 6. The fault diagnosis device according to 6 . The determination means generates the failure sign when the state in which the deviation is equal to or greater than the second predetermined value and less than the first predetermined value continues after the state in which the rate of change is equal to or greater than the predetermined rate of change. The fault diagnosis apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein it is determined that the fault is occurring. The determination means determines that the deterioration when a state wherein the deviation after the state the rate of change is less than the predetermined rate of change is continued is less than the second predetermined value continues occurs, claim 8. The fault diagnosis device according to 8 . Wherein when the failure by determining means determines that has occurred, the notification means for notifying that the fault has occurred, trouble diagnosis device according to claim 9. Wherein when the failure sign the judgment means judges that occurred, the notification means for notifying that the fault symptom occurs, failure diagnosis apparatus according to claim 10. Wherein when the deterioration the judgment means judges that occurred, the notification means for notifying that the degradation occurs, failure diagnosis apparatus according to claim 11. A fault diagnosis method executed by the fault diagnosis device,
An actual fuel consumption measurement step for measuring the actual fuel consumption of the vehicle;
A driving condition detecting step for detecting a driving condition when the actual fuel consumption of the vehicle is measured by the actual fuel consumption measuring step ;
An estimated fuel consumption calculation step for calculating an estimated fuel consumption when the actual fuel consumption of the vehicle is measured by the actual fuel consumption measurement step based on the traveling condition detected by the traveling condition detection step and a predetermined prediction model;
A deviation calculating step for calculating a deviation between the actual fuel consumption measured by the actual fuel consumption measurement step and the estimated fuel consumption calculated by the estimated fuel consumption calculation step ;
A determination step for determining presence or absence of occurrence of a vehicle state malfunction in the vehicle based on the deviation ,
Together with the in the determination step determines that the deviation is the defect occurs is larger than the design tolerance, based on the rate of change of the deviation, the failure determines whether the failure, non degree diagnostic Method. A program for causing a computer to execute the fault diagnosis method according to claim 13 .

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