JP5443248B2 - A saccharification treatment agent for cellulose and lignin. - Google Patents

A saccharification treatment agent for cellulose and lignin. Download PDF

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JP5443248B2
JP5443248B2 JP2010089814A JP2010089814A JP5443248B2 JP 5443248 B2 JP5443248 B2 JP 5443248B2 JP 2010089814 A JP2010089814 A JP 2010089814A JP 2010089814 A JP2010089814 A JP 2010089814A JP 5443248 B2 JP5443248 B2 JP 5443248B2
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直 岩附
一 小谷
実 根来
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Description

技術の分野Technology field

本発明は、セルロースおよびリグニンをオルトリン酸と過酸化水素、パイナップル酵素との混合溶液により、酸化リン酸エステル化と加水分解を同時併行的に処理する糖化処理剤および糖化方法に関する。詳しくは、糖化方法によって得られる単糖類の生成経路に関するものである。  The present invention relates to a saccharification treatment agent and a saccharification method for simultaneously treating oxidized phosphoric acid esterification and hydrolysis with cellulose and lignin mixed solution of orthophosphoric acid, hydrogen peroxide and pineapple enzyme. Specifically, the present invention relates to a monosaccharide production route obtained by a saccharification method.

リグノセルロースは、高等植物の草木樹の構成成分としてセルロース、ヘミセルロース、リグニンを含んでいます。そして、木質繊維や木粉のようなリグニンを含んだリグノセルロース構造性多糖のセルロースは35〜50%、ヘミセルロースは20〜35%、芳香族化合物の重合体である難分解性リグニンは15〜35%から構成される生体高分子の高次網目構造を形成した無定型結合体である。その構造は複雑で、リグニンはフェニルプロパノイドを起源とするフェニルプロパンが複数縮合化合物の誘導体であり、ポリフェノールの一種である。その構造は現在、解明されていない。このように生体高分子構造を形成しているため、草木樹のセルロース成分は比較的容易に単分子化されるが、リグニン成分は分解することが極めて困難で、リグニンの分解技術は取り残された多くの課題がある。
セルロース系物質に二酸化チタンを添加したリン酸溶液に紫外線を照射する単糖類製造方法が[特許文献1]に開示されている。また、セルロースを250℃以上の高温熱水に過酸化水素やオゾンを用いて処理した後、酵素を添加する糖化方法が[特許文献2][特許文献3]に開示されている。
更に、リグニン系物質を食塩または塩素もしくは次亜塩素酸を含む無機酸を電気分解するリグニン物質の分解方法が[特許文献4]に開示されている。
つづいてリン酸エステル製造方法が、[特許参考文献、特開2007−195401号公報]に挙げられている。
Lignocellulose contains cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin as constituents of higher plants. And the cellulose of lignocellulose structural polysaccharide containing lignin like wood fiber or wood flour is 35 to 50%, hemicellulose is 20 to 35%, and hardly degradable lignin which is a polymer of an aromatic compound is 15 to 35. It is an amorphous conjugate in which a high-order network structure of biopolymer composed of% is formed. Its structure is complex, and lignin is a derivative of a polycondensed compound of phenylpropane originating from phenylpropanoids and is a kind of polyphenol. Its structure is currently unknown. Since the biopolymer structure is formed in this way, the cellulose component of vegetation is relatively easily converted into a single molecule, but the lignin component is extremely difficult to decompose, and the lignin decomposition technology has been left behind. There are many challenges.
[Patent Document 1] discloses a monosaccharide production method in which a phosphoric acid solution obtained by adding titanium dioxide to a cellulosic material is irradiated with ultraviolet rays. [Patent Document 2] and [Patent Document 3] disclose saccharification methods in which cellulose is treated with high-temperature hot water at 250 ° C. or higher using hydrogen peroxide or ozone and then an enzyme is added.
Furthermore, a method for decomposing a lignin substance by electrolyzing a lignin-based substance with sodium chloride or an inorganic acid containing chlorine or hypochlorous acid is disclosed in [Patent Document 4].
Subsequently, a method for producing a phosphate ester is listed in [Patent Reference, JP 2007-195401 A].

特許第4134250号公報Japanese Patent No. 4134250 特開2007−74992号公報JP 2007-74992 A 特開2007−74993号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-74993 特開2000−144592号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-144452

特許参考文献Patent references

特開2007−195401号公報JP 2007-195401 A

しかしながら、前記[特許文献1]に記載する方法は、セルロースを二酸化チタン含有リン酸溶液中で、紫外線照射して二酸化チタンの光触媒活性により生成した活性酸素の酸化作用をセルロースの分解に応用したもので、紫外線照射装置を要する設備負担が増大する課題がある。
また、[特許文献2][特許文献3]に記載の方法は、高圧装置容器の中で高温245℃下の亜臨界領域で過酸化水素水やオゾンを含有するリン酸アルミニウム熱水を用いたセルロースとリグニンの糖化方法で、高温高圧下における臨界状態の酸化加水分解反応を用いたもので、高圧装置作製に多大なるコストを必要とする他、過臨界状態となり酸化が進み過ぎるため、グルコース製造量が制限される。また安全性と高コストという課題があることに着目すべきである。
更に、上記[特許文献4]に記載の方法は、食塩水の電気分解装置により次亜塩素酸生成による酸化加水分解反応を用いたもので、電極板にセルロース等の 夾雑物が付着する為、分解効率の低下、次亜塩素酸とともに有害な塩素ガス対策など、環境問題が高コストとなる欠点がある。
これら従来技術には、セルロースおよびリグニン含有物質のリン酸エステル生成の後、単糖類の製造方法および製造される単糖類の組成分の生成経路に関し、開示した記述を示しものは全く見あたらない。
また、[特許参考文献]に記載する糖類のリン酸エステル製造方法は、PH3〜6制限領域で、酸性フォスファターゼとして、Aspergillus カビ、Saccharomycescerevisiae酵母、Enterobacter細菌等々に由来する存在が必要である。
本発明は、セルロースおよびリグニンの糖化処理について溶液とパイナップル酵素との混合液により、グルコースリン酸エステル生成と同時併行的に加水分解により、グルコースを生成する糖化方法としては基本的に異なる。
However, in the method described in [Patent Document 1], the oxidation of active oxygen generated by photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide by irradiating cellulose in a titanium dioxide-containing phosphoric acid solution by ultraviolet irradiation is applied to the decomposition of cellulose. Thus, there is a problem that the equipment burden that requires an ultraviolet irradiation device increases.
In addition, the method described in [Patent Document 2] and [Patent Document 3] used hydrogen phosphate water or hot aluminum phosphate containing ozone in a subcritical region at a high temperature of 245 ° C. in a high-pressure apparatus container. This is a saccharification method of cellulose and lignin that uses a oxidative hydrolysis reaction in a critical state under high temperature and high pressure. It requires a large amount of cost to produce a high-pressure device, and over-oxidation proceeds too much in a supercritical state. The amount is limited. It should also be noted that there are issues of safety and high cost.
Furthermore, the method described in the above [Patent Document 4] uses an oxidative hydrolysis reaction by hypochlorous acid generation by a salt water electrolysis apparatus, and contaminants such as cellulose adhere to the electrode plate. There are disadvantages in that environmental problems are expensive, such as degradation of decomposition efficiency and countermeasures against harmful chlorine gas with hypochlorous acid.
None of these prior arts show the disclosed description regarding the production method of monosaccharides after the production of phosphate esters of cellulose and lignin-containing substances and the production route of the components of the produced monosaccharides.
In addition, the saccharide phosphate production method described in [Patent Reference] requires a presence in the PH3-6 restricted region and as an acid phosphatase derived from Aspergillus mold, Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, Enterobacter bacteria, and the like.
The saccharification treatment of cellulose and lignin is basically different from a saccharification method in which glucose is produced by hydrolysis simultaneously with the production of glucose phosphate ester by a mixed solution of a solution and a pineapple enzyme.

本発明の課題の達成に向けて更なる検討を行うため、これまで難分解性ハロゲンの湿式分解方法にオルトリン酸溶液と過酸化水素およびパイナップル酵素作用による酸化加水分解反応、特願2009−168236および特願2008−293888に提案した技術を応用し、リグニン含有籾殻粉砕微粉の溶解に試したところ、溶液中にグルコース、キシロース、マンノース等が生成することがわかった。
本発明は、籾殻粉砕微粉を糖化処理する際、過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液に籾殻粉砕微粉を投入して、攪拌中、激しくガス発砲することは、酸化反応によって炭酸ガス(CO)が発生しているものではないかと推測し、発砲ガス中の炭酸ガス(CO)を北川式ガス検知管により検べたところ、微量の炭酸ガスを含有することを検知し確認した。また、処理後液中の糖度を糖度計で測定したところ高い糖濃度の測定値を得た。糖度計は、株式会社アタゴ社、型式N3(Brix58〜90%)を用いた。
In order to conduct further studies toward the achievement of the object of the present invention, an oxidative hydrolysis reaction by the action of orthophosphoric acid solution, hydrogen peroxide and pineapple enzyme, and a Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-168236 and By applying the technique proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-293888 and trying to dissolve lignin-containing rice husk pulverized fine powder, it was found that glucose, xylose, mannose and the like were produced in the solution.
In the present invention, when pulverizing the rice husk pulverized powder, the husk pulverized fine powder is put into a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphoric acid solution, and vigorous gas firing during stirring generates carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) by an oxidation reaction. The carbon dioxide gas (CO 2 ) in the firing gas was inspected with a Kitagawa type gas detector tube, and it was detected and confirmed to contain a trace amount of carbon dioxide gas. Moreover, when the sugar content in the solution after the treatment was measured with a sugar meter, a high sugar concentration measurement value was obtained. As the sugar content meter, Atago Co., Ltd., model N3 (Brix 58 to 90%) was used.

本発明は、安価な設備を用い、環境と安全性に考慮したセルロースおよびリグニンを過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液とパイナップル酵素の混合溶液により酸化リン酸エステル化・加水分解して、単糖類のグルコース(C12)、マンノース(C12)、フルクトース(C12)、キシロース(C10)を生成する糖化処理剤によって得られる単糖類の生成経路について提供するものである。The present invention uses a low-cost facility, and cellulose and lignin considering the environment and safety are oxidized phosphoric acid esterified and hydrolyzed with a mixed solution of a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphate solution and a pineapple enzyme, and glucose of monosaccharides (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), mannose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), fructose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), monosaccharides obtained by a saccharification treatment agent that produces xylose (C 5 H 10 O 5 ) This is provided for the generation path.

発明を解決するための手段Means for Solving the Invention

本発明は、上記問題について鋭意検討した結果、過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液とパイナップル酵素との混合溶液によってセルロースおよびリグニンを糖化処理する際、定温下において過酸化水素とパイナップル酵素による酸化とリン酸によるリン酸エステルを生成の後、該リン酸エステルがパイナップル酵素により加水分解して単糖類のグルコース(C12)、マンノース(C12)、フルクトース(C12)、キシロース(C10)等を得る生成経路を見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。As a result of diligent examination of the above problems, the present invention, as a result of saccharification treatment of cellulose and lignin with a mixed solution of a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphate solution and a pineapple enzyme, oxidation with hydrogen peroxide and a pineapple enzyme at a constant temperature and phosphate After the formation of a phosphate ester by the above, the phosphate ester is hydrolyzed by a pineapple enzyme, and monosaccharides glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), mannose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), fructose (C 6 H 12 The production route for obtaining O 6 ), xylose (C 5 H 10 O 5 ) and the like was found and the present invention was completed.

即ち、本発明は、以下の通りの構成から成り立っている。
(1)セルロースおよびリグニン含有物質を過酸化水素含有リン酸溶とパイナップル酵素との混合溶液に投入攪拌しつつ、定温範囲下で酸化リン酸エステル化・加水分解するセルロースおよびリグニンの糖化処理剤である。
(2)過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液が、オルトリン酸(HPO)20〜80%、過酸化水素(H)0.1〜5%からなる(1)に記載するセルロースおよびリグニンの糖化処理剤である。
(3)パイナップル酵素がパイナップル皮果汁液の主成分であるグルコースリン酸ハイドロゲナーゼ、トレハローズリン酸シンテクターゼ、トレハローズフォスファターゼ等を含むパイナップル皮果汁液の酸化触媒および加水分解触媒である(1)、(2)のいずれかに記載するセルロースおよびリグニンの糖化処理剤である。
(4)セルロースを過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液とパイナップル酵素 との混合溶液に投入攪拌しつつ、定温範囲下で酸化リン酸エステル化反応により、リン酸グルコースエステルを生成した後、該リン酸グルコースエステルを加水分解して、グルコースを得る(1)、(2)、(3)に記載するセルロースの糖化処理剤を用いる糖化方法である。
(5)リグニンを過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液とパイナップル酵素との混合溶液を投入攪拌しつつ、定温範囲下で酸化リン酸エステル化反応により、リン酸エステルを生成した後、グルコース、フルクトース、マンノースおよびキシロース等の単糖類を得る(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)に記載する糖化処理剤を用いる糖化処理方法である。
(6)リグニン含有物質20重量部、過酸化水素(H)1%含 有オルトリン酸(HPO・75%)溶液40重量部〜60重量部、パイナップル酵素0.5〜5重量部を混合、攪拌しつつ定温35〜55℃に加温、酸化リン酸エステル化・加水分解して、グルコース、フルクトース、マンノース、キシロース等の単糖類を得ることを特徴とする(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)、(5)に記載するセルロースおよびリグニンの糖化処理剤および糖化方法である。
That is, the present invention has the following configuration.
(1) A saccharification agent for cellulose and lignin, which oxidizes and hydrolyzes phosphoric acid ester and hydrolyzes in a constant temperature range while adding cellulose and lignin-containing substances to a mixed solution of hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphate solution and pineapple enzyme while stirring. is there.
(2) The cellulose according to (1), wherein the hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphoric acid solution is composed of 20 to 80% orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) and 0.1 to 5% hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). It is a saccharification treatment agent for lignin.
(3) The pineapple enzyme is a catalyst for oxidation and hydrolysis of pineapple peel juice containing glucose phosphate hydrogenase, trehalose phosphate synthetase, trehalose phosphatase, etc., which are the main components of pineapple peel juice (1) , A saccharification treatment agent for cellulose and lignin according to any one of (2).
(4) Cellulose is charged into a mixed solution of a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphate solution and a pineapple enzyme, and after stirring to produce phosphate glucose ester by an oxidized phosphate esterification reaction under a constant temperature range, the glucose phosphate This is a saccharification method using the cellulose saccharification treatment agent described in (1), (2), or (3) to obtain glucose by hydrolyzing an ester.
(5) Lignin is mixed with a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphoric acid solution and a pineapple enzyme, and a phosphate ester is produced by oxidative phosphoric acid esterification reaction under a constant temperature range, followed by glucose, fructose, mannose And a saccharification treatment method using the saccharification treatment agent described in (1), (2), (3), (4) to obtain monosaccharides such as xylose.
(6) lignin-containing material 20 parts by weight, of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) 1% containing organic orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 · 75% ) solution 40 parts by weight to 60 parts by weight, pineapple enzyme 0.5-5 (1), wherein the mixture is stirred and heated to a constant temperature of 35 to 55 ° C. while being mixed and stirred to obtain a monosaccharide such as glucose, fructose, mannose, and xylose. The cellulose and lignin saccharification treatment agent and saccharification method described in (2), (3), (4), and (5).

発明の効果Effect of the invention

本発明は、定温範囲下において、過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液とパイナップル酵素との混合溶液を用いて、セルロースおよびリグニン含有物質を高圧装置を用いることなく、開放状態で酸化リン酸エステル化・加水分解して単糖類を製造する糖化処理剤および糖化方法によりグルコース、フルクトース、マンノースおよびキシロース等の製造を、設備費用が少なく、しかも省エネルギーで危険性が少なく、短時間でセルロースおよびリグニン含有物質を容易に単糖化するアルコール中間体原料となり、エタノールの製造を可能にする効果があり、且つ、セルロースおよびリグニンからの単糖類生成経路を明確にし、開示することにより、バイオマスエネルギー産業への貢献は極めて多大となる。
更に、単糖類化処理液から、分離した再生オルトリン酸の再利用が可能となり、製造コスト低減効果は多大となる。
The present invention uses a mixed solution of a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphate solution and a pineapple enzyme under a constant temperature range to convert cellulose and lignin-containing substances into an oxidized phosphate ester / hydrolyzed compound in an open state without using a high-pressure apparatus. Production of glucose, fructose, mannose, xylose, etc. by saccharification treatment agent and saccharification method to produce monosaccharides by decomposition is low in equipment cost, energy saving, low risk, easy to contain cellulose and lignin-containing substances in a short time It becomes an alcohol intermediate raw material that is monosaccharided, has the effect of enabling the production of ethanol, and by clarifying and disclosing the monosaccharide production pathway from cellulose and lignin, it contributes greatly to the biomass energy industry. It becomes.
Furthermore, the recycled orthophosphoric acid separated from the monosaccharide treatment solution can be reused, and the production cost reduction effect becomes great.

以上の説明からなるように、本発明にあたっては次に列挙する効果が得られる。
(1)([請求項1]の構成要件)とで構成されているので、ヘミセルロース,セルロースおよびリグニン含有物質を過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液とパイナップル酵素との混合溶液により、リグニン含有物質を酸化リン酸エステル化・加水分解することができる。
したがって、過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液とパイナップル酵素との混合溶液によりヘミセルロース、セルロースおよびリグニンの単糖類の糖化処理ができる。
As described above, the following effects can be obtained in the present invention.
(1) (Constituent Requirements of [Claim 1]), the lignin-containing substance is oxidized by mixing a hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin-containing substance with a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphate solution and a pineapple enzyme. Phosphate esterification and hydrolysis are possible.
Therefore, saccharification treatment of monosaccharides of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin can be performed with a mixed solution of a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphate solution and a pineapple enzyme.

(2)([請求項2]の構成要件)とで構成されているので、前記(1)によってヘミセルロース、セルロース、リグニンの糖化処理ができる。(2) (Constitutional requirements of [Claim 2]), saccharification treatment of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin can be performed according to (1).

(3)([請求項3]の構成要件)とで構成されているので、前記(1)〜(2)の加水分解酵素であり、糖化処理の促進効果が得られる。(3) (constituent requirement of [Claim 3]), it is the hydrolase of (1) to (2), and the effect of promoting saccharification treatment is obtained.

(4)([請求項4]の構成要件)とで構成されているので、前記(1)〜(3)の方法によって得られたリン酸エステルを加水分解してキシロースを得られる。(4) (Constitutional requirements of [Claim 4]), xylose can be obtained by hydrolyzing the phosphate ester obtained by the methods (1) to (3).

(5)([請求項5]の構成要件)とで構成されているので、前記(1)〜(3)によって、D−グルコース、D−マンノース、D−フルクトース、D−キシロースの混合処理液が得られる。(5) (Constituent requirements of [Claim 5]), the mixed processing solution of D-glucose, D-mannose, D-fructose, and D-xylose according to the above (1) to (3) Is obtained.

(6)([請求項6]の構成要件)とで構成されているので、前記(1)〜(3)によってリン酸グルコースエステルを加水分解して、グルコースが得られる。(6) (Constituent Requirements of [Claim 6]), the glucose glucose ester is hydrolyzed by the above (1) to (3) to obtain glucose.

(7)([請求項7]の構成要件)とで構成されているので、前記(1)〜(6)によってグルコース、マンノース、フルクトース、キシロース等の単糖類が得られる。(7) (constituent requirements of [Claim 7]), monosaccharides such as glucose, mannose, fructose, xylose and the like can be obtained by the above (1) to (6).

本発明を実施するための最良の第1の形態の、セルロースおよびリグニン含有物質の糖化処理装置の省略図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an abbreviated view of a saccharification treatment apparatus for cellulose and lignin-containing substances according to the first embodiment for carrying out the present invention. 本発明を実施するための最良の第1の形態の、オルトリン酸(HPO)溶液と過酸化水素(H)添加量、グルコース生成濃度との関係図である。It is a relationship diagram of orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) solution, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) addition amount, and glucose production concentration in the first best mode for carrying out the present invention. 本発明をするための最良の第1の形態の、籾殻粉砕微粉の分解糖化時間と溶解率との関係図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the decomposition saccharification time and the dissolution rate of rice husk pulverized fine powder in the first best mode for carrying out the present invention. 本発明をするための最良の第1の形態の、パイナップル酵素添加量と溶解率との関係図である。FIG. 3 is a relationship diagram between the amount of pineapple enzyme added and the dissolution rate in the first best mode for carrying out the present invention.

本発明は、セルロースおよびリグニンの糖化処理剤および糖化方法を実施する際、最も好ましい実施形態を詳しく説明する。
本発明は、セルロース含有物質およびリグニン含有物質であれば、穀物類の、米、麦、トウモロコシ、豆、その他の殻類、製紙、布切れ、古着衣料、廃棄衣料、稲藁、籾殻、大鋸屑、森林の間伐材、枝葉、根、雑草類等を用いることができる。(接着剤および表面樹脂塗料を使用した合板等の糖化処理は二次処理に費用が掛るため困難である。)
The present invention will describe in detail the most preferred embodiment in carrying out the saccharification treatment agent and saccharification method for cellulose and lignin.
The present invention is a cellulose-containing material and a lignin-containing material, such as grains, rice, wheat, corn, beans, other shells, papermaking, piece of cloth, used clothing, waste clothing, rice straw, rice husk, saw blade, Thinned wood, branches and leaves, roots, weeds, etc. can be used. (Saccharification treatment of plywood and the like using an adhesive and a surface resin paint is difficult because the secondary treatment is expensive.)

上記のセルロースおよびリグニン含有植物体は、気流打解方式粉砕機により微粉砕されるが、酸化リン酸エステル化・加水分解反応が50℃以下の加温でスムーズに進行させるために、本発明に於いては、微粉砕に際し、セルロースおよびリグニン含有植物体にアルカリ物質の貝殻焼成微粉末を混合して、同時粉砕することにより、アルカリ処理亀裂表面となって貝殻焼成微粉末を添加したセルロースおよびリグニン含有植物粉砕微粉となる。また粉砕の際、粉砕機内部の磁器部より発生する遠赤外線照射により50℃に加温しつつ粉砕したセルロースおよびリグニンは分解効率が向上する。  The cellulose and lignin-containing plant is finely pulverized by an airflow decontamination pulverizer, but the oxidation phosphoric acid esterification / hydrolysis reaction proceeds smoothly at a temperature of 50 ° C. or less. In the case of fine pulverization, cellulose and lignin to which an alkali-processed shell fine powder is mixed with cellulose and lignin-containing plants and ground simultaneously to form an alkali-treated crack surface are added. Contains plant pulverized fine powder. Further, during the pulverization, cellulose and lignin pulverized while being heated to 50 ° C. by irradiation with far infrared rays generated from the porcelain portion inside the pulverizer improves the decomposition efficiency.

本発明は、上記セルロースおよびリグニン含有物質の他、試薬、セルロース(関東化学株式会社製:CAS No,900435−7)および試薬 リグニン(関東化学株式会社製:CAS,No,900553−2)を用い、糖化処理によって生成する単糖類とその生成経路を明らかにする。  The present invention uses a reagent, cellulose (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd .: CAS No, 900439-7), and reagent lignin (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd .: CAS, No, 900553-2) in addition to the cellulose and lignin-containing substance. , Clarify monosaccharides produced by saccharification and their production pathways.

全ての草木樹植物は、セルロースと共にリグニンが含有している。リグニンは、光合成による一次代謝により炭酸同化され、更なる二次代謝を受けることで合成されるフェニルプロパノイドのうちコニフェニルアルコール(C1012)、シナピルアルコール(C1114)、ρ−クマリルアルコール(C10)という3種類のリグニンモノマーが高度に重合し、高度網目構造を形成した巨大な高分子体を成している。その構造は複雑であることが知られている。All vegetation plants contain lignin along with cellulose. Lignin is assimilated by carbon by primary metabolism by photosynthesis, and among phenylpropanoids synthesized by undergoing further secondary metabolism, coniphenyl alcohol (C 10 H 12 O 3 ), sinapyl alcohol (C 11 H 14 O). 4 ) Three types of lignin monomers, ρ-coumaryl alcohol (C 9 H 10 O 2 ), are highly polymerized to form a huge polymer having a high network structure. Its structure is known to be complex.

リン酸溶液中に、酸化剤として過酸化水素を含有する溶液で、セルロースおよびリグニン含有植物体の酸化リン酸エステル化・加水分解糖化(単糖類を生成する)技術は、従来技術には見あたらない。且つ、単糖類の生成経路を明確にしたのは、発明者による全く新規な知見である。  The phosphoric acid solution contains hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent, and there is no conventional phosphoric acid esterification / hydrolysis saccharification (monosaccharide production) technology for cellulose and lignin-containing plants. . In addition, the inventors have clarified the monosaccharide production pathway, which is a completely new finding by the inventors.

本発明の過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液は、セルロースおよびリグニン含有植物粉砕微粉の生体高分子の高次網目構造物質を過酸化水素とパイナップル酵素による酸化とオルトリン酸による加水分解を同時併行させることによって、過酸化水素を微少量用いても、これまでの難分解性リグニンを極めて短時間のうちに、単分子化することが可能である。  The hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphoric acid solution of the present invention is obtained by simultaneously oxidizing the hydrogen peroxide and pineapple enzyme oxidation and the hydrolysis with orthophosphoric acid on the biopolymers of cellulose and lignin-containing plant ground fine powder. Even if a very small amount of hydrogen peroxide is used, it is possible to make a conventional refractory lignin into a single molecule in a very short time.

本発明の酸化リン酸エステル化反応と加水分解反応について説明する。
酸化リン酸エステル化反応は、微粉砕されたセルロースおよびリグニン含有植物体を過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液とパイナップル酵素との混合液を、30℃〜50℃加温、攪拌することにより、セルロースおよびリグニン含有植物体は、炭酸ガスを発生することを確認していることから、酸化とリン酸エステル化反応が同時併行的に行われ、単糖類のリン酸エステルと炭酸ガスと水を生成することが考えられる。
酸化リン酸エステル化反応式を[化1]式(1)、(2)に示す。
The oxidized phosphoric acid esterification reaction and hydrolysis reaction of the present invention will be described.
The oxidized phosphoric acid esterification reaction is carried out by heating and stirring a mixture of a pulverized cellulose and lignin-containing plant body with a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphate solution and a pineapple enzyme at 30 ° C. to 50 ° C. Since lignin-containing plants have been confirmed to generate carbon dioxide, oxidation and phosphate esterification reactions are carried out simultaneously to produce monosaccharide phosphates, carbon dioxide and water. Can be considered.
The oxidation phosphoric acid esterification reaction formula is shown in [Chemical Formula 1] Formulas (1) and (2).

化11

リグニン含有組成中のコニフェリルアルコール(C1012)の酸化リン酸エステル生成について、[化1]式(1)構造式(2)に示す。
The production of oxidized phosphoric acid ester of coniferyl alcohol (C 10 H 12 O 3 ) in the lignin-containing composition is shown in [Chemical Formula 1] Formula (1) Structural Formula (2).

化22

リン酸エステルの加水分解反応により生成されたリン酸エステルは、パイナップル酵素触媒の加水分解反応により、単糖類のグルコースとリン酸を生成する。反応式を[化2]、式(3)に示す。
The phosphate ester produced by the hydrolysis reaction of the phosphate ester produces monosaccharide glucose and phosphate by the hydrolysis reaction of the pineapple enzyme catalyst. The reaction formula is shown in [Chemical Formula 2] and Formula (3).

分解処理後液から分離したグルコースは、アルコール発酵原料となり、回収されたリン酸は再利用される。
リグニン成分シナピルアルコール(C1114)およびρ−クマリルアルコール(C10)の酸化リン酸エステル生成反応について、上記反応と同様に炭酸ガスが発生しリン酸エステルを生成する。反応式を[化3]式(4)、(5)に示す。
The glucose separated from the solution after the decomposition treatment becomes a raw material for alcohol fermentation, and the recovered phosphoric acid is reused.
As for the oxidized phosphoric acid ester formation reaction of the lignin component sinapil alcohol (C 11 H 14 O 4 ) and ρ-coumaryl alcohol (C 9 H 10 O 2 ), carbon dioxide gas is generated and Generate. The reaction formula is shown in [Chemical Formula 3] Formulas (4) and (5).

化3Chemical 3

マンノースリン酸エステル(C13P)の加水分解反応によるマンノース(C12)生成とリン酸(HPO)生成およびキシロースリン酸エステル(C11P)の加水分解反応によるキシロース(C10)とリン酸(HPO)を生成する。反応式を[化4]式(6)、(7)に示す。Mannose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ), and xylose phosphate (C 5 H 11 O 8 ) produced by hydrolysis of mannose phosphate (C 6 H 13 O 9 P) Pylose (C 5 H 10 O 5 ) and phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) are produced by the hydrolysis reaction of P). The reaction formula is shown in [formula 4] formulas (6) and (7).

上記反応式[化1][化2][化3][化4]に示した如く、リグニン成分のコニフエリルアルコール(C1012)はグルコース(C12)を生成、シナピルアルコール(C1114)はマンノース(C12)を生成、ρ−クマリルアルコール(C10)はキシロース(C10)を生成するとともに炭酸ガス(CO)生成することの経路を明らかにすることができた。
即ち、本発明は、試薬リグニン(関東化学株式会社製:CAS No,900553−2)から単糖類のグルコース(C12)、マンノース(C12)、キシロース(C10)が主成分として生成することを明らかにした。
過酸化水素(H)は、パイナップル酵素の酸化触媒作用を得て、理論的必要量の約10〜50分の1程度でも効果は向上する。
As shown in the reaction formulas [Chemical Formula 1] [Chemical Formula 2] [Chemical Formula 3] [Chemical Formula 4], lignin component coniferyl alcohol (C 10 H 12 O 3 ) produces glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ). , Sinapyl alcohol (C 11 H 14 O 3 ) produces mannose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), and ρ-coumaryl alcohol (C 9 H 10 O 2 ) produces xylose (C 5 H 10 O 5 ). In addition, the route for producing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) could be clarified.
That is, the present invention relates to monosaccharides glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), mannose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), xylose (C 5 ) from reagent lignin (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc .: CAS No, 900553-2). It was clarified that H 10 O 5 ) is formed as a main component.
Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) obtains the oxidation catalytic action of the pineapple enzyme, and the effect is improved even if it is about 10 to 50 times lower than the theoretical required amount.

本発明者は、[図1]の装置を用い、供試料として試薬リグニン(関東化学株式会社製:CAS No,900553−2)と過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液とパイナップル酵素の混合液を投入し攪拌しつつ、発生する炭酸ガスをガス検知管(光明理化学株式会社製、北川式ガス検知管、型式126B)により、上記反応式の炭酸ガス発生を確認した。  The inventor of the present invention, using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, puts a mixture of a reagent lignin (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc .: CAS No. 900553-2), a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphate solution, and a pineapple enzyme as a sample. While stirring, the generated carbon dioxide gas was confirmed by a gas detector tube (manufactured by Komeiri Chemical Co., Ltd., Kitagawa-type gas detector tube, model 126B).

本発明の過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液は、オルトリン酸(HPO)20〜80%、過酸化水素(H)0.1〜5%が好適である。
オルトリン酸20%以下、過酸化水素0.1%以下では、酸化リン酸エステル化反応は長時間(5時間以上)を要する。
本発明の最適な過酸化水素含有リン酘溶液は、オルトリン酸(HPO・75%)、過酸化水素(H)2.5%含有し、且つ、パイナップル酵素1%含有する混合用液を用いることにより短時間(2時間以内)で、酸化リン酸エステル化・加水分解反応は完了する。
過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液のオルトリン酸(HPO)80%以上、過酸化水素(H)5%以上を用いての難分解性リグニン含有植物粉砕微粉の糖化は、酸化分解反応が極めて激しく、攪拌中に溶液の黒変が起きる。
The hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphoric acid solution of the present invention is preferably 20 to 80% orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) and 0.1 to 5% hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ).
When the orthophosphoric acid is 20% or less and the hydrogen peroxide is 0.1% or less, the phosphoric acid esterification reaction takes a long time (5 hours or more).
Optimum hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphorus酘溶solution of the present invention, orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 · 75% ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) contained 2.5%, and contains 1% pineapple enzyme By using the mixing liquid, the oxidized phosphoric acid esterification / hydrolysis reaction is completed in a short time (within 2 hours).
The saccharification of pulverized plant powder containing lignin containing hardly decomposable lignin using 80% or more of orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) and 5% or more of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) The reaction is very intense and the solution turns black during stirring.

次に、本発明のパイナップル酵素の主成分含有組成について説明する。
パイナップル酵素は、パイナップル皮果汁中に含有することは公知である。パイナップル酵素中にはセルロース分解酵素の他、蛋白質およびアミノ酸分子分解酵素、各種有機酸分解酵素等30種以上の酵素成分が含まれている。パイナップル酵素は、脱水素(酸化)脱炭酸、脱アミン等の酵素を含んでおり、これらの複合作用により、セルロースやリグニンとの間において、酸化触媒として機能し、酸化リン酸エステル化・加水分解することが考えられる。この中で、セルロース分解酵素は5種類の主要な酵素が含まれることがわかっている。
Next, the main component-containing composition of the pineapple enzyme of the present invention will be described.
It is known that pineapple enzyme is contained in pineapple peel. In addition to cellulose-degrading enzyme, pineapple enzyme contains 30 or more kinds of enzyme components such as protein and amino acid molecular-degrading enzymes and various organic acid-degrading enzymes. The pineapple enzyme contains enzymes such as dehydrogenation (oxidation) decarboxylation, deamines, etc., and by these combined actions, it functions as an oxidation catalyst between cellulose and lignin, and is converted to oxidized phosphate ester and hydrolyzed It is possible to do. Among these enzymes, it is known that cellulolytic enzymes include five main enzymes.

表1Table 1

[表1]にパイナップル酵素の主要な成分を示す。
*パイナップル酵素は腐敗しやすいため、HSO、HPOを少量添加し酸性溶
[Table 1] shows the main components of the pineapple enzyme.
* Since pineapple enzyme is susceptible to spoilage, a small amount of H 2 SO 4 or H 3 PO 4 is added to make it acidic.

本発明は、リグニン含有植物である籾殻粉砕微粉(300μm)に、過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液とパイナップル酵素との混合液を投入し、混合攪拌することにより容易に単分子化して、単糖類のグルコース、キシロース、マンノース等を得ることができるが、パイナップル酵素を添加しない過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液単独の場合は、単分子化して単糖類を得ることに長時間が必要である。パイナップル酵素の酸化、加水分解作用については複雑であるが、パイナップル酵素を用いることにより、効果は極度に向上する実績がある。  In the present invention, a mixture of a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphoric acid solution and a pineapple enzyme is added to a rice husk pulverized fine powder (300 μm), which is a lignin-containing plant, and is easily monomolecularized by mixing and stirring. Glucose, xylose, mannose and the like can be obtained. However, in the case of a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphoric acid solution alone without adding a pineapple enzyme, it takes a long time to obtain a monosaccharide by monomolecularization. Although the oxidation and hydrolysis action of the pineapple enzyme is complicated, the effect has been extremely improved by using the pineapple enzyme.

本発明のパイナップル酵素が酸化加水分解反応の促進効果としては、リグニンの成分であるコニフェリルアルコール(C1012)等から糖誘導体のリン酸エステル(C13P)等の酸化と加水分解反応の際、触媒作用に働くため重要な役割がある。
本発明に於いては、パイナップル酵素は酸化と加水分解反応の触媒として働くため、極めて少量であっても、その効果は多大である。
本発明の酸化加水分解反応促進効果としての好適なパイナップル酵素の添加量は、リグニン含有植物粉砕微粉100重量部に対し0.5〜5重量部が好ましい。最も好ましい添加量は1.0%である。
パイナップル酵素添加量が0.1%以下の場合、酸化加水分解反応による単糖類のグルコース、キシロース、マンノース等の生成量が低下し、且つ、反応時間を長時間行っても生成量は向上しない。
本発明を、更に詳しく実施例および図に基づき説明する。
The pineapple enzyme of the present invention has an oxidative hydrolysis reaction promoting effect such as coniferyl alcohol (C 10 H 12 O 3 ), which is a component of lignin, and the like, and phosphate derivatives of sugar derivatives (C 6 H 13 O 9 P), etc. It plays an important role in catalyzing the oxidation and hydrolysis reactions.
In the present invention, the pineapple enzyme acts as a catalyst for the oxidation and hydrolysis reaction, so that the effect is great even in a very small amount.
The preferred addition amount of the pineapple enzyme as the oxidative hydrolysis reaction promoting effect of the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the lignin-containing plant pulverized fine powder. The most preferable addition amount is 1.0%.
When the amount of pineapple enzyme added is 0.1% or less, the production amount of monosaccharides such as glucose, xylose, and mannose by the oxidative hydrolysis reaction decreases, and the production amount does not improve even if the reaction time is prolonged.
The invention is explained in more detail on the basis of examples and figures.

[図1]の糖度処理装置を用い、試薬リグニン(関東化学株式会社製:CAS No,900553−2)2.5g、オルトリン酸(HPO,75%)(下関三井化学社製)20ml、試薬過酸化水素1級(H,34.5%)(関東化学(株))1.5ml、パイナップル酵素1.0mlをガラスビーカーに投入、ゴム栓で密封した。マグネットスターラーで攪拌しつつ、40℃に加温、3時間でNガスを流して、炭酸ガス(CO)を石灰乳(Ca(OH)溶液)で捕集し、糖化処理を行った。
糖化処理後、炉別、固液分離し、糖化処理液18.7ml、乾燥残渣0.08g(水分10%含有)を得た。糖処理後の糖成分の分析を行った。
糖化処理液中の糖成分分析は、静岡大学工学部の島津製作所製、型式LC−10ADvを用いた。(以下同じ)。
Using the sugar content processing apparatus of [FIG. 1], 2.5 g of reagent lignin (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd .: CAS No, 900553-2), orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 , 75%) (manufactured by Shimonoseki Mitsui Chemicals) 20 ml Then, 1.5 ml of reagent hydrogen peroxide first grade (H 2 O 2 , 34.5%) (Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 1.0 ml of pineapple enzyme were put into a glass beaker and sealed with a rubber stopper. While stirring with a magnetic stirrer, heating to 40 ° C., flowing N 2 gas in 3 hours, collecting carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) with lime milk (Ca (OH) 2 solution), and performing saccharification treatment .
After the saccharification treatment, the saccharification treatment solution was separated into solid and liquid to obtain 18.7 ml of a saccharification treatment solution and 0.08 g of a dry residue (containing 10% water). The sugar component after the sugar treatment was analyzed.
For the analysis of sugar components in the saccharification treatment solution, model LC-10ADv manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University was used. (same as below).

表2Table 2

結果を[表2]に示す。
[表2]より、試薬リグニンの殆どが酸化分解され単糖類のグルコース、キシロース、マンノース等が生成すると同時に、炭酸ガスが発生することがわかる。
The results are shown in [Table 2].
[Table 2] shows that most of the reagent lignin is oxidatively decomposed to produce monosaccharides such as glucose, xylose and mannose, and at the same time, carbon dioxide gas is generated.

比較例Comparative example

[図1]の装置を用い、試薬リグニン(関東化学株式会社製:CAS No,900553−2)2.5gとオルトリン酸(HPO,75%)(下関三井化学社製)20mlをガラスビーカーに投入、ゴム栓で密封し、マグネットスターラーで攪拌、40℃で3時間、Nガスを流しつづけ石灰乳に吹き込んだ。石灰乳はわずかに懸濁した。炉別して、乾燥残渣2.03gを得た。処理液の分析は省略。Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, 2.5 g of reagent lignin (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd .: CAS No. 900553-2) and 20 ml of orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 , 75%) (manufactured by Shimonoseki Mitsui Chemicals) are made of glass. The mixture was put into a beaker, sealed with a rubber stopper, stirred with a magnetic stirrer, and N 2 gas was continuously flowed at 40 ° C. for 3 hours, and blown into lime milk. The lime milk was slightly suspended. Separated in the oven, 2.03 g of dry residue was obtained. Analysis of the processing solution is omitted.

[図1]の糖化処理装置を用い、試薬セルロース(関東化学株式会社製:CAS No,900435−7)2.5g、オルトリン酸(HPO,75%)(下関三井化学社製)20ml、過酸化水素1級(H,34.5%)(関東化学株式会社製:34.5%)1.0mlをガラスビーカーに投入、ゴム栓で密封した。マグネットスターラーで攪拌しつつ、40℃に加温2時間N2ガスを流入し糖化処理を行った。[FIG. 1] Using the saccharification treatment apparatus, 2.5 g of reagent cellulose (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd .: CAS No, 900439-5), 20 ml of orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 , 75%) (manufactured by Shimonoseki Mitsui Chemicals) Then, 1.0 ml of hydrogen peroxide first grade (H 2 O 2 , 34.5%) (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc .: 34.5%) was put into a glass beaker and sealed with a rubber stopper. While stirring with a magnetic stirrer, saccharification treatment was performed by flowing N2 gas at 40 ° C. for 2 hours.

表3Table 3

糖化処理後、液を濾過し糖化処理液19.3mlを得た。残渣は秤量確認できなかった。結果を[表3]に示す。
[表−3]より、試薬セルロース(関東化学株式会社製:CAS No,900435−7)2.5gは、糖化処理液の糖成分分析の結果、グルコース(C12)83g/l、マンノース(C12)58g/lを得た。キシロース(C10)成分は確認されなかった。また、炭酸ガス(CO)捕集は確認されなかった。
After the saccharification treatment, the solution was filtered to obtain 19.3 ml of a saccharification treatment solution. The residue could not be weighed. The results are shown in [Table 3].
From [Table-3], 2.5 g of reagent cellulose (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd .: CAS No, 900439-5) was found to be glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) 83 g / l as a result of sugar component analysis of the saccharification treatment liquid. Mannose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) 58 g / l was obtained. A xylose (C 5 H 10 O 5 ) component was not confirmed. Further, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) collection was not confirmed.

[実施例1]に従い、[図1]の糖化処理装置(ゴム栓を外し)を用い、試薬リグニン(関東化学株式会社製:CAS No,900553−2)2.5g、オルトリン酸(HPO)(下関三井化学社製)60%、30%、20%各々20mlについて、試薬過酸化水素1級(H,34.5%)(関東化学株式会社製)0.2ml、1.2ml、パイナップル酵素は1.0ml全て一律。ガラスビーカーに投入、マグネットスターラーで攪拌しつつ、40℃に加温3時間攪拌し、糖化処理を個々のバッチ式で実施し、糖化処理後液の糖成分中のグルコース(C12)生成量を分析した。(分析機関前記)。結果を[図2]にオルトリン酸(HPO)濃度と過酸化水素(H)添加量とグルコース生成量との関係を示す。In accordance with [Example 1], 2.5 g of reagent lignin (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd .: CAS No. 900553-2), orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO) using the saccharification treatment apparatus (with the rubber plug removed) shown in FIG. 4 ) About 20% each of 60%, 30% and 20% (manufactured by Shimonoseki Mitsui Chemicals), reagent hydrogen peroxide grade 1 (H 2 O 2 , 34.5%) (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) 0.2 ml, 1 .2ml, 1.0ml of pineapple enzyme is all uniform. It was put into a glass beaker, stirred at 40 ° C. for 3 hours while stirring with a magnetic stirrer, saccharification treatment was carried out in an individual batch system, and glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 in the saccharide component of the solution after saccharification treatment) ) The amount produced was analyzed. (Analysis organization mentioned above). The result [FIG. 2] shows the relationship between the concentration of orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ), the amount of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) added, and the amount of glucose produced.

[図2]より、試薬リグニンの糖化処理剤は、オルトリン酸(HPO)濃度60%と過酸化水素(H,34.5%)添加量は0.2mlで糖化率85%(グルコース36.2g/l)となり、過酸化水素(H,34.5%)添加量0.4ml添加で糟化率90%以上(グルコース38g/l)となる。また、オルトリン酸(HPO)20%のとき過酸化水素(H,34.5%)添加量1.2ml添加では糖化率40%以下(グルコース16.5g/l)となった。
これより、オルトリン酸(HPO)溶液濃度が30%以上のとき過酸化水素(H,34.5%)による糖化力がパイナップル酵素により促進され、糖化率が高くなることができる。
As shown in FIG. 2, the reagent lignin saccharification treatment agent has an orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) concentration of 60%, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 , 34.5%) addition amount of 0.2 ml, and a saccharification rate of 85 % (Glucose 36.2 g / l), and the addition rate of 0.4 ml of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 , 34.5%) gives a hatching rate of 90% or more (glucose 38 g / l). Further, when orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) is 20%, the addition of 1.2 ml of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 , 34.5%) results in a saccharification rate of 40% or less (glucose 16.5 g / l). It was.
Thus, when the orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) solution concentration is 30% or more, the saccharification power by hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 , 34.5%) is promoted by the pineapple enzyme, and the saccharification rate is increased. it can.

[図1]を用い、籾殻粉砕微粉2.5g、オルトリン酸(HPO,50%)20ml、過酸化水素(H,34.5%)1,0ml、パイナップル酵素1.0mlを投入40℃に加温して攪拌しつつ、糖化処理を20分、40分、60分、90分、150分バッチ毎に実施し、溶解残渣を計測して、溶解率を調べた。結果を[図3]に示す。[FIG. 1] Using rice husk pulverized fine powder 2.5 g, orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 , 50%) 20 ml, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 , 34.5%) 1.0 ml, pineapple enzyme 1.0 ml The saccharification treatment was carried out every 20 minutes, 40 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 150 minutes with stirring while heating to 40 ° C., and the dissolution residue was measured to examine the dissolution rate. The results are shown in [FIG. 3].

[図3]より、籾殻粉砕微粉(300μm)の糖化処理は、オルトリン酸(HPO,50%)20ml、過酸化水素(H,34.5%)1.0ml、パイナップル酵素1.0mlのとき、糖化処理時間60分以内で籾殻粉砕微粉は殆ど溶解することがわかる。尚、溶解後液、淡褐色透明液である。As shown in FIG. 3, the saccharification treatment of rice husk pulverized fine powder (300 μm) consists of 20 ml of orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 , 50%), 1.0 ml of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 , 34.5%), pineapple enzyme It can be seen that when the amount is 1.0 ml, the rice husk pulverized powder is almost dissolved within 60 minutes of the saccharification treatment time. The solution after dissolution is a light brown transparent solution.

[図1]の装置を用い、籾殻粉砕微粉(300μm)2.5g、オルトリン酸(HPO,60%)20ml、過酸化水素(H,34.5%)1.0mlの過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液に、パイナップル酵素0.3,0.5、1.0,1.5,2.0mlを添加し、それぞれバッチ毎に2時間攪拌し溶解率を調べた。結果を[図4]に示す。Using the apparatus of FIG. 1, 2.5 g of rice husk pulverized fine powder (300 μm), 20 ml of orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 , 60%), 1.0 ml of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 , 34.5%) To the hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphate solution, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 ml of pineapple enzyme were added, and each batch was stirred for 2 hours to examine the dissolution rate. The results are shown in [FIG. 4].

[図4]より、パイナップル酵素と溶解率との関係は、籾殻粉砕微粉は、過酸化水素(H,34.5%)1.73%含有オルトリン酸(HPO,75%)20ml溶液に、パイナップル酵素1.0ml以上添加することにより、攪拌時間2時間以内で溶解率80%以上となることが分かる。[FIG. 4] From FIG. 4, the relationship between the pineapple enzyme and the dissolution rate is as follows. Rice husk pulverized fine powder contains 1.73% hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 , 34.5%) orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 , 75%). ) It can be seen that by adding 1.0 ml or more of pineapple enzyme to a 20 ml solution, the dissolution rate becomes 80% or more within 2 hours of stirring.

[図1]の装置を用い、籾殻粉砕微粉と大鋸屑粉砕微粉(300μm)を供試料として、各々2.5gと試薬、(関東化学株式会社製)過酸化水素(H,34.5%)0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0ml、オルトリン酸(HPO,75%)(下関三井化学(株)社製)20ml、パイナップル酵素0.5,1.0mlを各々に投入し、40℃に加温して2時間攪拌して糖化処理を実施した。結果を[表3]に示す。Using the apparatus of [FIG. 1], using rice husk pulverized fine powder and large sawdust pulverized fine powder (300 μm) as samples, 2.5 g each and a reagent, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 , 34.5, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) %) 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 ml, orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 , 75%) (manufactured by Shimonoseki Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) 20 ml, pineapple enzyme 0.5, 1.0 ml Was added to each, heated to 40 ° C. and stirred for 2 hours to carry out a saccharification treatment. The results are shown in [Table 3].

表3Table 3

[表3]よりオルトリン酸(HPO)・75%)中の過酸化水素濃度が高濃度になると酸化反応が激しく供試料が溶液中で黒変する。即ち、酸化加水分解処理のオルトリン酸溶液の過酸化水素好適濃度は1.6%(1.0ml)〜3.%(2.0ml)であることがわかる。
From [Table 3], when the hydrogen peroxide concentration in orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) / 75%) becomes high, the oxidation reaction is intense and the sample turns black in the solution. That is, the preferable concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the orthophosphoric acid solution for the oxidative hydrolysis treatment is 1.6% (1.0 ml) to 3. It turns out that it is 0 % (2.0 ml).

本発明は、高温で高圧装置を用いることなく、定温35℃〜60℃において、低設備費の開放容器を用いて、セルロースおよびリグニン含有物質を過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液と少量のパイナップル酵素との混合液によって、開放状態で、酸化リン酸エステル化・加水分解して単糖類の製造が可能であり、省エネルギーで危険性が少なく、短時間でアルコール中間体の原料のグルコース、マンノース、キシロース等が低コストで産生が可能であり、バイオマス産生への利用の可能性は極めて高いといえる。  The present invention provides a cellulose and lignin-containing substance with a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphate solution, a small amount of pineapple enzyme and a low-cost open container at a constant temperature of 35 ° C. to 60 ° C. without using a high-pressure apparatus at high temperature. In the open state, it is possible to produce monosaccharides by oxidative phosphoric acid esterification and hydrolysis, with less energy and less danger, and in a short time, raw materials for alcohol intermediates such as glucose, mannose, xylose, etc. Can be produced at low cost, and the possibility of use for biomass production is extremely high.

[図1]に基づく符号。
(1)ガラスビーカー
(2)ウォーターバス
(3)マグネットスターラー
(4)回転端子
(5)CO2捕集ビン
(6)ゴム密栓
(7)Ca(OH)溶解液
(8)N2ガス注入パイプ
(9)CO2+N2吸引パイプ
(10)供試料を投入した糖化処理液
(11)セルロースおよびリグニン含有植物粉砕微粉
The code | symbol based on FIG.
(1) Glass beaker (2) Water bath (3) Magnet stirrer (4) Rotating terminal (5) CO2 collection bottle (6) Rubber seal plug (7) Ca (OH) 2 dissolved solution (8) N2 gas injection pipe ( 9) CO2 + N2 suction pipe (10) Saccharification treatment liquid charged with sample (11) Plant pulverized fine powder containing cellulose and lignin

Claims (2)

ヘミセルロース、セルロースおよびリグニン含有物質を過酸化水素含有リン酸溶液とパイナップル酵素とを混合撹拌して、グルコース、キシロース、マンノースを得る単糖類糖化処理剤であって、
リン酸濃度が30〜80%であり、
過酸化水素濃度が1.6〜3.0%であり、
前記パイナップル酵素がパイナップル皮果汁液であってその濃度が0.5%である、
ことを特徴とする単糖類糖化処理剤
A monosaccharide saccharification treatment agent that mixes and stirs a hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin-containing substance with a hydrogen peroxide-containing phosphate solution and a pineapple enzyme to obtain glucose, xylose, and mannose ,
The phosphoric acid concentration is 30-80%,
The hydrogen peroxide concentration is 1.6-3.0%,
The pineapple enzyme is pineapple peel juice, and its concentration is 0.5%,
A monosaccharide saccharification treatment agent characterized by the above .
前記パイナップル酵素が主成分としてグルコースリン酸ハイドロゲナーゼ、トレハロースリン酸ゲナーゼ、トレハロースフォスフォアーゼを含むパイナップル皮果汁液の加水分解触媒である請求項1に記載するセルロース、ヘミセルロースおよびリグニンの単糖類糖化処理剤。 2. The saccharide saccharification of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin according to claim 1, wherein the pineapple enzyme is a hydrolysis catalyst for pineapple peel juice containing glucose phosphate hydrogenase, trehalose phosphate genease and trehalose phosphoase as main components. Processing agent.
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