JP5430810B2 - 電子衝撃能動画素センサー - Google Patents
電子衝撃能動画素センサー Download PDFInfo
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- JP5430810B2 JP5430810B2 JP2001519132A JP2001519132A JP5430810B2 JP 5430810 B2 JP5430810 B2 JP 5430810B2 JP 2001519132 A JP2001519132 A JP 2001519132A JP 2001519132 A JP2001519132 A JP 2001519132A JP 5430810 B2 JP5430810 B2 JP 5430810B2
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
- H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
- H01J31/26—Image pick-up tubes having an input of visible light and electric output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/14609—Pixel-elements with integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/1464—Back illuminated imager structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14643—Photodiode arrays; MOS imagers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/20—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from infrared radiation only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/30—Transforming light or analogous information into electric information
- H04N5/33—Transforming infrared radiation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
- Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
Description
本発明は,低光量で検知し,イメージ化するための光電陰極を使用する,電子衝撃モードの能動画素センサー使用して,低光量で,有用なイメージをイメージ化し,または検出する装置および方法に関する。
低光量で動作するカメラについて,いろいろな分野で多くの重要な応用がなされている。この中には,写真用,暗視用,監視用,さらには科学用のものが含まれる。最新の暗視システムは,たとえば,直視システムから,カメラを利用した装置に今や急速に変わりつつある。これらは,ビデオ表示や処理の連続した進歩により加速されている。ビデオを利用したシステムは,遠隔表示を可能にするとともに,前方監視赤外線センサーからのような他のイメージと融合して,見ること,記録すること,さらにイメージ処理を可能にする。監視応用例もまたビデオを利用することが優勢になってきているが,この例では,カメラの大きさ,性能および低光量感度がしばしば問題となる。科学応用例では,広いスペクトル範囲および高フレームレートにわたって良好な光子感度をもつカメラを必要としている。これらの応用例などでは,ビデオの直接出力がなされる,改良された低光量センサーの必要性がより求められている。
本発明の目的は,従来技術の種々の欠点を除去し,改良された低光量のイメージシステムおよび対応する方法を提供することである。このことは,光電陰極センサーをもつ真空エンベロープにおいて,能動画素センサーCMOSイメージャーを電子衝撃モードで利用することにより達成される。電子衝撃能動画素センサーは,レンズ,ハウジング,パワーおよび制御インターフェイスをもつ,低光量カメラからなる。
能動画素センサーチップが図1に示されている。光ゲート能動画素センサーのアーキテクチャーは,図2に示され,図3のフォトダイオード能動画素センサーのものである。
Claims (9)
- 真空装置であって,
真空チェンバー(148)と,
該真空チェンバーの壁部の一部を構成し,光を受けたときに前記真空チェンバー内に電子を放出する光電陰極(31,142)と,
前記真空チェンバー内で前記光電陰極と向かい合って位置する,半導体層(57)を含む能動画素センサー(32,147)と,
前記光電陰極と前記能動画素センサーとの間にあり,前記真空チェンバーをシールする側壁構造物(39,150)と,
前記能動画像センサーからの信号を当該真空装置の外部で使用するための,前記能動画素センサーから前記真空チェンバーの外へ伸長する電子接続子と,
を含み,
前記光電陰極から前記真空チェンバー内に放出された電子を直接,前記能動画素センサーへ移動させる電場が前記真空チェンバー内に形成され,
前記半導体層(57)は,電子衝突を利用してイメージ化するための,フォトダイオード又はフォトゲート画素構成物,およびトランジスタを有するCMOS回路を含み,
前記能動画素センサー(32,147)は,前記能動画素センサーの後面が前記光電陰極からの電子により衝撃を受ける位置に配置され,
前記能動画素センサーは不動態化された電子衝撃を受ける後面を有する,ことを特徴とする真空装置。
- 前記半導体層は,形成された電子を前記CMOS回路から離し、前記フォトダイオードまたはフォトゲート画素構成物へと向かうように偏向するポテンシャル分布を前記半導体層内に形成するためのドーピングプロファイルを有することを特徴とする,請求項1に記載の真空装置。
- 前記能動画素センサーの表面が電子光変換層によりコーティングされる,請求項2に記載の真空装置。
- 前記能動画素センサーの後面が薄くされ,前記光電陰極からの電子は,前記能動画素センサーの,前記薄くされた後面に向けられる,請求項2に記載の真空装置。
- 請求項1ないし4のいずれか一項に記載の真空装置,さらに入力イメージの焦点を前記フォトカソードの対象平面上に合わせるレンズを含む低光量カメラ。
- 前記能動画素センサーは,電子光変換層でコーティングされ,該電子光変換層は,前記光電陰極から放出される電子が直接,前記変換層に衝突するように位置する,請求項5に記載のカメラ。
- 前記能動画素センサーの後面は薄くされ,前記光電陰極からの電子は,前記能動画素センサーの,前記薄くされた後面の層に向けられる,請求項5に記載のカメラ。
- 低光量のイメージを記録する方法であって,
記録されるべきイメージを光電陰極に投射し,前記光電陰極から電子を,入力イメージの空間形状をもって真空チェンバーに放出させる工程と,
真空チェンバー内で,電子イメージの受信面に,半導体層を含む能動画素センサーを配置する工程と,
前記能動画素センサーの出力を前記真空チェンバーから記録装置へ向ける工程と,
を含み,
前記光電陰極から,前記真空チェンバー内に放出された電子を直接,前記能動画素センサーへ移動させる電場が前記真空チェンバー内に形成され,
前記半導体層(57)は,電子衝突を利用してイメージ化するための,フォトダイオード又はフォトゲート画素構成物,およびトランジスタを有するCMOS回路を含み,
前記能動画素センサー(32,147)は,前記能動画素センサーの後面が前記光電陰極からの電子により衝撃を受ける位置に配置され,
前記能動画素センサーは不動態化された電子衝撃を受ける後面を有する,ことを特徴とする方法。
- 電子イメージを光イメージに変換するための,オーバーコーティング層をもつ能動画素センサーが,前記光電陰極からの電子イメージが前記能動画素センサーのオーバーコーティング層に向くように,配置される,請求項8に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/356,800 | 1999-07-20 | ||
US09/356,800 US6285018B1 (en) | 1999-07-20 | 1999-07-20 | Electron bombarded active pixel sensor |
PCT/US2000/019474 WO2001006571A1 (en) | 1999-07-20 | 2000-07-14 | Electron bombarded active pixel sensor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2003507870A JP2003507870A (ja) | 2003-02-25 |
JP5430810B2 true JP5430810B2 (ja) | 2014-03-05 |
Family
ID=23403000
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001519132A Expired - Fee Related JP5430810B2 (ja) | 1999-07-20 | 2000-07-14 | 電子衝撃能動画素センサー |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6285018B1 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1306906B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5430810B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU6107300A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2379956C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2001006571A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (73)
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CA2379956A1 (en) | 2001-01-25 |
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EP1306906B1 (en) | 2011-10-05 |
US6285018B1 (en) | 2001-09-04 |
EP1306906A1 (en) | 2003-05-02 |
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