JP5429059B2 - Bearing extraction tool - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a bearing extraction tool suitable for extracting an outer ring and the like of a bearing from a housing.

  As a bearing of a power transmission device such as a gear reducer, a tapered roller bearing that has a large load capacity for a compact size and can bear not only a radial load but also a thrust load is preferably used. Moreover, in the normal taper roller bearing, since the outer ring can be separated from components such as the inner ring and the cage, there is an advantage that the assembly work of the outer ring to the housing is easy.

  Gear reducers used in thermal power plants, nuclear power plants and the like that require high operational reliability are used for several decades by performing periodic overhauls. On the other hand, the rolling bearing has a life due to the fatigue limit of the material, and the bearing is replaced as necessary during a periodic inspection. In the case of a tapered roller bearing, when the shaft assembly is removed from the housing, the inner ring and the cage can be taken out together with the shaft assembly, but the outer ring of the bearing remains in the housing. Therefore, in order to replace the bearing, it is necessary to extract the outer ring remaining in the housing. However, in the case of equipment that has been used for a long period of time, it may be difficult to extract the outer ring due to the presence of rust and impurities in the housing. Moreover, the shape of the bearing hole of the housing may be slightly deformed due to secular change, and in this case, it is difficult to extract the outer ring from the housing. Furthermore, when the inner ring dimension of the outer ring and the inner diameter dimension of the housing shoulder portion with which the outer ring end abuts are close to each other, it is difficult to lock the locking claw of the bearing pulling tool to the outer ring end. It is not easy to extract.

  In view of the above circumstances, various bearing drawing tools have been proposed. For example, a locking claw having a front end on the front end as a cam taper surface and a slide groove formed near the base end is provided via a spring in the vertical through hole of the adapter body having a vertical through hole at the center. There is a bearing puller which is slidably arranged oppositely, provided with a stop pin on the adapter main body and inserted into the slide groove of the locking claw, and an operation rod fixed to the back side of the adapter main body (see Patent Document 1). ).

  Further, when the outer end portion of the locking hook portion comes into contact with the housing side, the inner end portion of the locking hook portion is formed so as to be able to make contact with the arcuate intersection surface between the inner peripheral surface and the inner side surface of the bearing, and the divided member After pulling out the bearing with a wedge action due to the contact between the arcuate crossing surface and the inner end of the locking hook and the contact between the housing side and the outer end of the locking hook during There is a bearing removal tool that presses the pressure contact surface of the divided member against the inner peripheral surface of the bearing (see Patent Document 2).

  Furthermore, it comprises a shaft and a claw portion attached to the shaft, and has a locking portion at the tip of the shaft, and a tapered portion having a large diameter toward the locking portion is formed at the tip portion. The part has an engaging projection that can come into contact with the end face of the bearing at the tip, and is engaged by gripping the other end of at least two claw pieces that can slide on the tapered part with a gentle band. The projection can be opened and closed, and when the claw is closed, the engagement projection diameter at the tip of the claw is smaller than the inner diameter of the bearing, and when the claw is opened, the engagement projection diameter at the tip of the claw is There is a tool for removing a bearing that is larger than the inner diameter of the bearing (see Patent Document 3).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-39874 JP 2000-135686 A JP 2005-180642 A

  The fitting tolerance between the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring and the inner diameter of the bearing hole of the housing usually has a slight gap, but in the case of a gear transmission that has been used for a long time, the housing and the bearing outer ring It may not be easy to pull out the bearing outer ring from the bearing hole of the housing due to deformation. Further, in a gear transmission that has been suspended for a long time in an insufficient maintenance environment, the housing and the bearing may rust and be in a semi-fixed state. Further, there are cases where the examination at the mechanical design stage is insufficient and the dimensional difference between the inner diameter of the bearing outer ring and the inner diameter of the housing shoulder portion with which the end of the bearing outer ring abuts is small. When performing an overhaul of such a mechanical device, it is difficult to extract the bearing outer ring from the bearing hole of the housing.

Thus, a bearing removal tool such as that disclosed in the above patent document has been proposed. However, in the bearing puller disclosed in Patent Document 1, only the locking claw is urged outward by a spring, and the inner diameter of the bearing outer ring is increased. When the dimensional difference between the inner diameter of the housing and the housing inner diameter with which the end of the bearing outer ring abuts is small, there is a problem that it becomes difficult to lock the locking claws. Moreover, in the bearing removal tool of patent document 2 and patent document 3, the diameter expansion range of a division | segmentation member is narrow, and there exists a troublesome that the bearing removal tool from which a dimension differs for every bearing size must be prepared.
The object of the present invention is to be able to reliably pull out the bearing outer ring from the bearing hole of the housing even if the dimensional difference between the inner diameter of the bearing outer ring and the housing shoulder inner diameter with which the end of the bearing outer ring abuts is small. It is to realize a bearing drawing tool. Another object of the present invention is to realize a bearing pulling tool that can pull out a bearing outer ring with a tool of the same size as long as the bearing size is within a predetermined range.

Thrust bearings invention according to claim 1, which is disposed between the hollow shaft nut is screwed on the upper end side of the outer peripheral surface and can be mounted to frame member near the top, and the pedestal member and the nut When the hollow shaft lower end portion anchored adapter, to allow the sliding of the radial have a tapered inside surface provided on the adapter, a plurality of locking claws tip is wedge-shaped And a tip metal fitting having an outer taper that matches the taper of the locking claw, and a mandrel that is fixed to the lower end and inserted through the center hole of the hollow shaft.

Thrust bearings invention of claim 2, which is disposed between the hollow shaft nut is screwed on the upper end side of the outer peripheral surface and can be mounted to frame member near the top, and the pedestal member and the nut When the outer and the fixed to the lower end of the hollow shaft adapter, provided in the adapter to allow the sliding of the radial direction and a plurality of locking claw tip is wedge-shaped, the locking pawl It has a cam that is driven in the radial direction, and a mandrel that is formed at the lower end and is inserted through the center hole of the hollow shaft.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, an impact force in the outer diameter direction is applied to the locking claw by hitting the upper end of the mandrel with a hammer, and the wedge at the front end of the locking claw is connected to the housing shoulder and the bearing outer ring. Can be driven in between. Therefore, even if the outer ring of the bearing is rusted and is semi-adhered to the housing, if the wedge at the tip of the locking claw is driven between the housing shoulder and the outer ring of the bearing, The force decreases rapidly, and the bearing outer ring can be easily pulled out from the bearing hole of the housing.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when an impact force is applied to the upper end of the mandrel, the impact is applied to the mandrel by hitting the horizontal bar, and this impact torque is applied to the impact force in the outer diameter direction of the locking claw by the cam. Can be converted to Therefore, even if the bearing outer ring rusts and is in a semi-fixed state with the bearing hole of the housing, if the wedge of the locking claw tip is driven between the housing shoulder and the bearing outer ring and the bearing outer ring moves even a little, The subsequent pulling force decreases rapidly, and the bearing outer ring can be easily pulled out from the bearing hole of the housing.

According to the present invention , since the tip end portion of the locking claw has a wedge shape having an upper surface formed perpendicular to the axis, when the locking claw moves in the outer diameter method, the bearing outer ring and the end portion of the bearing outer ring are moved. A wedge at the tip of the locking claw is driven between the housing shoulder and the abutting housing, and a gap is formed between the end of the bearing outer ring and the housing shoulder due to the wedge effect. That is, the bearing outer ring is started to be pulled out from the bearing hole of the housing.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows Example 1 of the bearing extraction tool which concerns on this invention. It is an AA arrow line view of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the usage example of the bearing extraction tool which concerns on this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows Example 2 of the bearing extraction tool which concerns on this invention. It is a BB arrow line view of FIG.

  The bearing extracting tool according to the present invention relates to a tool for extracting a bearing outer ring left in a bearing hole of a housing from a bearing hole of the housing. Specifically, a hollow shaft that can be mounted near the upper end of a gantry member installed on the housing, an adapter that is fixed to the lower end of the hollow shaft, and a radial slide that is provided on the adapter. A plurality of locking claws, a mechanism for driving the locking claws in an outer diameter direction, and a mandrel that is fixed to the lower end of the tip metal fitting and inserted through the center hole of the hollow shaft.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of a bearing pulling tool 1 according to the present invention, and shows an in-place state. 2 is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a use state in which the bearing pulling tool 1 is set in the housing 2. FIG.

  The hollow shaft 3 is formed with screws 4 and 5 near the upper end and the lower end of the outer peripheral surface thereof. The screw 4 near the upper end is for screwing with the nut 6, and the screw 5 near the lower end is for fixing the adapter 7. A central hole 9 for inserting the mandrel 8 is provided at the center of the hollow shaft 3.

  The mandrel 8 has a screw 11 at the lower end and a screw 12 at the upper end, and a protector 13 is attached to the screw 12 at the upper end. However, the protective device 13 is for protecting the screw 12 at the upper end of the mandrel, and is not indispensable.

  The tip fitting 14 has a taper 15 around its lower half. Further, a female screw 16 is provided at the center of the upper half, and the front end fitting 14 and the mandrel 8 are integrated by screwing the female screw 16 into the screw 11 at the lower end of the mandrel. The core 8 and the tip metal fitting 14 are separate parts because of the manufacturing cost and the like, and the core metal 8 and the tip metal fitting 14 may be configured as an integral part.

  The adapter 7 includes a boss portion 18 having an internal thread 17 formed on the inner peripheral surface and a flange portion 21 provided with a radial lateral hole 19. The lateral holes 19 are provided in at least two places. The female screw 17 of the boss portion 18 is screwed to the screw 5 near the lower end of the hollow shaft 3 and is fixed to the hollow shaft 3.

  The locking claw 22 has a wedge-shaped claw 23 formed on the outer side and a taper 24 formed on the inner surface, and the taper 24 of the locking claw 22 and the taper 15 of the tip fitting 14 are suitable taper. It is said that. Further, the locking claw 22 has a shape slidable in a lateral hole 19 provided in the flange portion 21 of the adapter 7. Furthermore, the locking claw 22 is configured so that the radial movement range is limited. Specifically, a radial groove 25 is provided, and a tip of a movement restricting bolt 26 fixed to the flange portion 21 of the adapter 7 projects into the groove 25. As a result, the locking claw 22 can be prevented from falling off the adapter 7. The claw 23 formed on the outer side of the locking claw 22 has a wedge shape having a top surface 27 whose tip is formed perpendicular to the axis of the mandrel 8.

  Near the upper end of the hollow shaft 3, a gantry member 28 constructed on the housing 2 can be mounted. The gantry member 28 is a member that is installed in the opening of the housing 2 and lifts the hollow shaft 3 upward. The hollow shaft 3 is inserted into a hole 29 provided in the center, and is close to the upper end of the hollow shaft 3. A nut 6 is screwed onto the screw 4. A thrust bearing 31 is disposed between the installation member 28 and the nut 6. By disposing the thrust bearing 31, it is possible to reduce friction between the erection member 28 and the nut 6 and to prevent galling.

  Next, the usage method of the bearing extraction tool which concerns on Example 1 mentioned above is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 3, the bearing outer ring 32 remains in the bearing hole 33 of the housing 2. In order to extract the bearing outer ring 32 from the bearing hole 33, the bearing pulling tool 1 is put in the housing 2 without the installation member 28, and a plurality of locking claws 22 are brought into contact with the lower end surface of the bearing outer ring 32. .

  The dimensional difference between the inner diameter dimension of the bearing outer ring 32 and the inner diameter dimension of the housing shoulder portion 34 with which the lower end surface of the bearing outer ring 32 abuts is often small. Further, the corner portion 35 of the bearing outer ring 32 is rounded with R chamfering. Therefore, when the dimensional difference between the inner diameter dimension of the bearing outer ring 32 and the inner diameter dimension of the housing shoulder portion 34 with which the lower end surface of the bearing outer ring 32 abuts is small, the locking claw 22 may be difficult to lock. is there. However, since the locking claw 22 of the bearing pulling tool according to the present invention has a wedge shape having a top surface 27 whose tip is formed perpendicular to the axis, the top surface 27 of the locking claw 22 is the lower end surface of the bearing outer ring 32. And can be securely locked.

  Then, with the upper surface 27 of the locking claw 22 in contact with the lower end surface of the bearing outer ring 32, a construction member 28 is installed in the opening of the housing 2, and the thrust bearing 31 is interposed between the construction member 28 and the hollow shaft 3. And the nut 6 is mounted. Here, if the fitting state of the bearing outer ring 32 into the bearing hole 33 is good, the hollow shaft 3 can be pulled upward and the bearing outer ring 32 can be pulled out of the bearing hole 33 by simply rotating the nut 6. .

  However, when the bearing hole 33 or the outer ring 32 of the housing is deformed, or in a transmission that has been suspended for a long time in an insufficient maintenance environment, the bearing hole 33 or the outer ring 32 is generated. It rusts and is in a semi-adhered state, and even rotating the nut 6 may be difficult. In such a case, the bearing pulling tool 1 according to the present invention is effective. When the torque for turning the nut 6 increases and the turning of the nut 6 becomes difficult, the protector 13 attached to the upper end of the mandrel 8 is struck downward with a hammer or the like to Apply downward impact force. Then, a horizontal impact force is applied from the taper 15 surface of the tip fitting 14 to the taper 24 surface of the locking claw 22. That is, the locking claw 22 moves in the outer radial direction with a radial impact force, and the claw 23 at the tip of the locking claw 22 bites between the housing shoulder 34 and the lower end surface of the bearing outer ring 32. It will be. As a result, the bearing outer ring 32 is slightly moved upward. It should be noted that the impact force is far more effective than the stationary force to drive the claw 23 at the tip of the locking claw 22 between the housing shoulder 34 and the lower end surface of the bearing outer ring 32. Is a point. If the bearing outer ring 32 starts to move upward from the housing shoulder 34 as much as possible, the subsequent pulling force rapidly decreases. Thereafter, the hollow shaft 8 can be pulled up simply by rotating the nut 6, and the bearing outer ring 32 can be pulled out from the bearing hole 33. Even when the nut 6 is rotated and the bearing outer ring 32 is pulled out of the bearing hole 33 and the torque of the nut 6 increases and it becomes difficult to pull out the bearing outer ring 32, the protective device 13 is pulled several times with a hammer. By applying an impact force by striking, the operation of pulling out the bearing outer ring 32 can be continued.

  FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the bearing pulling tool according to the present invention. Moreover, FIG. 5 is a BB arrow line view in FIG. The configuration of the bearing extraction tool according to the present embodiment is basically the same as the configuration of the bearing extraction tool according to the first embodiment. However, this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the driving force in the outer diameter direction of the locking claw 22 is given by the cam 36. Also, the point metal fitting is omitted, and a cam 36 is provided at the lower end of the mandrel 8 and a horizontal bar 37 for applying torque is attached to the upper end of the mandrel 8. Yes. The cam 36 shown in FIG. 4 is relatively simple, and has a D-cut 38, 38 on both side surfaces of the lower end of the mandrel 8 and a substantially rectangular protrusion 39 provided at the center. However, the surface of the cam portion 36 is subjected to a surface hardening process in order to improve wear resistance.

  Hereinafter, the usage method of the bearing extraction tool which concerns on a present Example is demonstrated. The mounting of the bearing pulling tool in the housing and the contact of the upper surface of the locking claw 22 with the lower end surface of the bearing outer ring 32 can be performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. However, the point that the driving force in the outer diameter direction of the locking claw 22 is given by the cam 36 is different from the first embodiment. Specifically, impact torque is applied to the mandrel 8 by applying forward and reverse torque to the horizontal bar 37 attached to the upper end of the mandrel 8 several times. Then, the cam 36 formed at the lower end portion of the mandrel 8 gives an impact force in the outer radial direction to the locking claw 22, and the locking claw 22 moves in the outer radial direction. The claw 23 at the tip of the locking claw bites into the lower end surface of the bearing outer ring 32. Other operations and actions are not different from those of the first embodiment.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on the Example, this invention is not limited to the Example mentioned above, A various deformation | transformation implementation can be performed. For example, in the first embodiment described above, the mandrel 8 and the tip metal fitting 14 are separate parts, but these parts may be integrated. In the first and second embodiments, the hollow shaft 3 and the adapter 7 are separate parts, but these parts can also be configured integrally. Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the cam 36 is provided at the lower end of the mandrel 8, but the mandrel 8 and the cam 36 can be configured as separate parts.

  The bearing pulling tool according to the present invention can be widely used for overhauling and inspection work of various geared electric devices and the like in order to efficiently perform bearing replacement work.

1 Bearing extraction tool 3 Hollow shaft 7 Adapter 8 Mandrel 9 Center hole
13 Protective equipment
14 Tip bracket
22 Locking claw
27 Top view
28 Mounting member
36 cams

Claims (2)

A hollow shaft nut is screwed on the upper end side of the outer peripheral surface of the frame member near the top and can be mounted,
A thrust bearing disposed between the gantry member and the nut;
An adapter secured to the lower end of the hollow shaft;
Thereby enabling the sliding in the radial direction have a tapered inside surface provided on the adapter, a plurality of engaging claws are tip wedge,
A tip fitting having an outer taper that matches the taper of the locking claw;
A mandrel secured to the lower end of the tip fitting and inserted through the center hole of the hollow shaft;
A bearing pulling tool characterized by comprising: A hollow shaft nut is screwed on the upper end side of the outer peripheral surface of the frame member near the top and can be mounted,
A thrust bearing disposed between the gantry member and the nut;
An adapter secured to the lower end of the hollow shaft;
A plurality of locking claws provided on the adapter that allow sliding in the radial direction and having a wedge-shaped tip ;
A cam for driving the locking claw in the outer diameter direction;
A mandrel formed at the lower end and inserted through the center hole of the hollow shaft;
A bearing pulling tool characterized by comprising:

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