JP5424043B2 - Wall ventilator and building ventilation structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wall ventilation apparatus attached to a building and a building ventilation structure.

  In buildings, when the temperature in the wall space such as the back of a hut is low, if moisture containing air flows into and stays in the wall space, condensation may occur on the inside of the shed, the inner side of the outer wall, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a ventilation structure. The ventilation apparatus used for the ventilation structure is generally arranged in a ventilation opening provided in the exterior material of the building.

  For example, since the ventilator disclosed in Patent Document 1 is installed outside a ventilation opening provided in an exterior material such as an outer wall of a building as described above, rainwater enters the wall space from the outside of the building. A water return plate or the like is provided to prevent this. Thereby, it is said that the ventilator can prevent the intrusion of rainwater from the outside of the building to the wall space while allowing the air in the wall space of the building to flow out to the outdoors.

JP 2001-21188 A

  However, the ventilator disclosed in Patent Document 1 is attached to the outdoor side of a building exterior material as described above. Therefore, there exists a problem that the designability of a building will be reduced. Moreover, the exterior material to which the ventilator is attached also has a problem that dirt due to dripping easily adheres around the ventilator.

  In addition, since the ventilator is directly exposed to sunlight, it needs to be made of a material having the same weather resistance as that of the exterior material. Therefore, there is a problem that the cost is increased. Further, when the ventilator is attached to a building, it is waterproof between a waterproof structure for providing waterproofness with the exterior material and a base plate disposed inside the exterior material. Since it is necessary to provide a waterproof structure, the cost during construction also increases. In addition, when the ventilator is attached to a building, it is necessary to make a hole in the beam of the building, which is disadvantageous in terms of strength of the building structure. This problem becomes particularly apparent when the building is a wooden building.

  The present invention was made for the purpose of solving the problems as described above, and can be used by being attached to a building without deteriorating the design of the building and without making a hole in the beam. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wall ventilation apparatus that can reduce costs and a building ventilation structure using the same.

In order to achieve the above object, a wall ventilation apparatus according to claim 1 includes a ventilation gap formed between a building exterior material and a base plate installed inside the building with a space between the exterior material and the exterior material. A ventilating wall-side ventilation device disposed on the base plate of a building having a communication portion that communicates the ventilation gap with the outside, wherein the ventilation gap-side opening that opens toward the ventilation gap at one end A tubular body portion penetrating the foundation plate having an indoor side opening that opens in a direction different from the opening direction of the ventilation gap side opening on the indoor side of the foundation plate at the other end; and And a flange portion provided on the outer peripheral surface so as to have a rectangular outer peripheral shape, abutting against a side surface of the air gap of the base plate, and having a step inside the predetermined distance from the outer peripheral edge .

Further, the wall ventilation apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the tubular body portion protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the tubular body portion at a position that is a distance corresponding to the thickness of the base plate from the flange portion, and the flange portion and It is characterized by comprising a ridge that sandwiches the base plate between them.

Further, the wall ventilation apparatus according to claim 3 is characterized in that the ventilation gap side opening of the tube part opens in a substantially horizontal direction and the indoor side opening of the tube part opens upward. To do.

Moreover, the building ventilation structure of Claim 4 is provided with the wall ventilation apparatus in any one of Claims 1-3 .

  The wall ventilation apparatus according to claim 1 is attached to a building exterior material and a base plate installed on the indoor side of the building with a space between the exterior material and the tubular body portion that penetrates the base plate, And a flange portion that is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tube portion and abuts against a side surface of the air gap of the base plate. The wall ventilation apparatus is attached to the base plate using the flange portion, and the ventilation gap side opening portion in which the tubular body portion opens into a ventilation gap formed between the exterior material of the building and the base plate, It has an indoor side opening that opens on the indoor side of the main plate, and communicates the ventilation gap with the indoor side of the base plate. As a result, in a building where the main wall ventilation apparatus is disposed, the air on the indoor side of the base plate can be allowed to flow into the ventilation gap and then to the outside through the communication portion. The indoor side of the base plate can be ventilated. Since this wall ventilator can be installed in a building without being attached to the exterior material, the design of the building is not deteriorated and the exterior material is not damaged due to dripping. In addition, since this wall ventilator is not directly exposed to sunlight, it does not need to be constructed of a weather-resistant material, and a waterproof structure that provides waterproofness with the exterior material is not required. It can also be reduced. In addition, since this wall ventilation device can be disposed without making a hole in the beam of the building, there is no structural disadvantage in the building.

Further, since the outer peripheral shape of the flange portion is rectangular, the work efficiency is improved because the four sides can be fixed to the base plate simply by adhering the four sides to the base plate with a waterproof tape. In addition, since the flange portion has a step inside a predetermined distance from the outer peripheral edge thereof, waterproof tape can be applied using the step as a mark, and there is no need for waterproof paper to be subsequently attached to the base plate. This part can be cut using this step instead of a ruler. By these things, this wall ventilation apparatus can be attached and installed on a base plate with good workability.

The wall ventilator according to claim 2 has an eave so that when it is attached to the base plate, the end of the base plate is placed between the eave and the flange portion before being fixed with the waterproof tape. It can be temporarily fixed by sandwiching the edge portion, and then fixed to the base plate using waterproof tape as described above. Therefore, the main wall ventilation apparatus can be attached to the base plate with better workability.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the ventilating space side opening and the indoor side opening have different opening directions, and the indoor side opening opens upward. For this reason, rainwater that has entered the ventilation gap side opening through the ventilation gap collides with the inner peripheral surface of the pipe body and becomes water droplets, and is discharged from the ventilation gap side opening. Intrusion can be prevented.

Since the building ventilation structure according to claim 4 does not require a ventilator to be attached to the exterior material, the design of the building is not deteriorated and the exterior material is not damaged due to dripping. In addition, since the building ventilation structure does not require a hole in the building beam, it does not cause a structural disadvantage in the building.

The perspective view of the wall ventilation apparatus of embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing of the wall ventilation apparatus in the AA surface of FIG. Sectional drawing of the wall ventilation apparatus in the BB surface of FIG. Cross-sectional explanatory drawing which shows the attachment procedure to the baseplate of a wall ventilation apparatus. The front view which shows the attachment state to the baseplate of the wall ventilation apparatus. Cross-sectional explanatory drawing which shows the attachment procedure to the baseplate of a wall ventilation apparatus. The front view which shows the attachment state to the baseplate of the wall ventilation apparatus. Sectional drawing of the building where the wall ventilation apparatus was arrange | positioned.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the wall ventilation apparatus 1 of the present invention has an exterior material 7 such as a building outer wall and a base plate 5 installed on the indoor side of the wooden building 4 at a distance from the exterior material 7. Are disposed on the base plate 5 of the wooden building 4 having a ventilation gap 8 formed between the through-hole (communication portion) 32 communicating with the ventilation gap 8 and the outdoor 11, A bottom having an air gap side opening 6 that opens to the air gap 8 at one end and an indoor side opening 9 that opens to a hollow part (wall space) 10 formed on the indoor side of the base plate 5 at the other end. A tubular body portion 2 that penetrates the base plate 5 and a flange portion 3 that is provided on the outer peripheral surface 2 a of the tubular body portion 2 and abuts against the air gap side surface 26 a of the base plate 5 are provided.

  Since the tube part 2 is not exposed to the outdoors 11, it can be formed of an inexpensive material such as ABS resin that has low weather resistance. Moreover, as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, it is comprised by the bent tubular shape, and has the ventilation gap side opening part 6 opened in the semicircle shape in the substantially horizontal direction at one end, and the other end. It has an indoor side opening 9 that opens in a rectangular shape upward. As a result, the ventilation gap side opening 6 and the indoor side opening 9 are not arranged in a straight line in the tube part 2, and the opening direction is different, and the indoor side opening 9 is open upward. When the wall ventilator 1 is disposed on the base plate 5 as shown in FIG. 8, as shown by the dotted line a in FIGS. Rainwater S that has entered the gap-side opening 6 is prevented from hitting the inner peripheral surface of the tubular body portion 2 and entering the hollow portion 10 through the indoor-side opening 9. Air in the hollow portion 10 flows into the tubular body portion 2 from the indoor side opening 9 as shown by solid lines B in FIGS. 1 and 2, and from the ventilation gap side opening 6 to the ventilation gap 8 and the through hole 32. It flows out to the outdoors 11 through.

  Further, the inner peripheral surface 12 on the side where the flange portion 3 below the indoor side opening 9 of the tubular body portion 2 is provided and the inner peripheral surface 13 on the side far from the flange portion 3 below the indoor side opening 9 are described. As shown in FIG. 2, the inner peripheral surfaces 12 a and 12 b that are configured as planes that rise substantially vertically and connect the inner peripheral surface 12 and the inner peripheral surface 13 are also substantially vertical as shown in FIG. 3. These are configured as planes rising up into the ventilation gap side opening 6 through the ventilation gap 8 when the wall ventilation device 1 is disposed on the base plate 5 as shown in FIG. It also functions as a water return that regulates rainwater. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the water return 14 provided on the inner peripheral surface 13 so as to stand in the inner direction of the tubular body portion 2 regulates rainwater that tries to run up on the inner peripheral surface 13.

  Further, of the inner peripheral surface in contact with the ventilation gap side opening 6 of the tube portion 2, the upper inner peripheral surface 6a is planar and connected to the inner peripheral surface 12, and the lower inner peripheral surface 6b. Is connected to the inner peripheral surface 13 by an arcuate curved surface. Then, the rainwater that has entered the ventilation gap side opening 6 through the ventilation gap 8 does not accumulate in the tube body portion 2 and is naturally discharged from the ventilation gap side opening 6 side. An inclined surface 15 that is a plane with an upward slope is formed. As shown in FIG. 3, the inner peripheral surface 6 b and the inner peripheral surface 12 a are connected via a water return 14 a provided upright in the inner direction of the tubular body portion 2, and similarly the inner peripheral surface. 6b and the internal peripheral surface 12b are connected via the water return 14b provided upright in the internal direction of the tube part 2. As shown in FIG. These water return 14a and 14b are for regulating the rainwater which tries to run up the inner peripheral surface 6b. With the above configuration, when the wall ventilation apparatus 1 is disposed on the base plate 5 as shown in FIG. 8, rainwater that has entered the ventilation gap side opening 6 of the tubular body portion 2 through the ventilation gap 8 Intrusion into the hollow portion 10 through the indoor opening 9 can be prevented.

  Further, on the outer peripheral surface 2a on the back surface side of the inclined surface 15 of the tubular body portion 2, a flange 24 protruding downward from a position where a distance corresponding to the thickness of the base plate 5 is opened from the flange portion 3 is formed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the edge portion of the base plate 5 can be sandwiched between the flange portion 3, so that the main wall ventilator 1 can be temporarily fixed to the base plate 5. it can.

  The flange portion 3 is formed integrally with the tube portion 2 and uses the same material as the tube portion 2 in order to reduce the number of parts and reduce the manufacturing cost of the wall ventilation device 1. Is preferred. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the flange portion 3 is, for example, a rectangular shape having a substantially square outer shape as illustrated, and a step 19 is formed on the inner side of the flange portion 3 by a predetermined distance from the outer peripheral edge. . That is, on the surface 16 b of the flange portion 3, one of the outer region 17 that is the region outside the step 19 and the inner region 18 that is the region inside the step 19 protrudes from the other. . In FIG. 2, the outer region 17 is shown as being raised with respect to the inner region 18, but the inner region 18 may be raised with respect to the outer region 17. As shown in FIG. 5, the step 19 is used as a mark for attaching the waterproof tape 20 when fixing the main wall ventilation apparatus 1 to the base plate 5, and as shown in FIG. After fixing the main wall ventilation apparatus 1 to the base plate 5 with the waterproof tape 20, and further attaching the waterproof paper 21, the cutter 22 is guided when the unnecessary portion of the waterproof paper 21 is cut by the cutter 22. It is also used as a substitute for the ruler. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the outer region 17 of the surface 16b of the flange portion 3 has an uneven shape so that an operator outside the figure can sense the upper and lower sides of the wall ventilation device 1 through visual or tactile sense. The identification mark 23 is provided. In addition, although this identification mark 23 is displayed as "up" in the figure, it is not limited to this, What is necessary is just what an operator can identify the upper and lower sides of the wall ventilation apparatus 1. FIG.

  The wall ventilator 1 configured as described above is disposed on the base plate 5 of the wooden building 4 as shown in FIG. 8, but in the following, the wall ventilator 1 is arranged on the base plate 5. The installation procedure will be described. First, as shown to Fig.4 (a), the through-hole 25 for attaching the wall ventilation apparatus 1 is provided in the baseplate 5 previously. In the wall ventilation device 1, the tubular body portion 2 is inserted into the through hole 25 in a state where the ventilation gap side surface 26 a of the base plate 5 and the back surface 16 a of the flange portion 3 face each other. At this time, the wall ventilation apparatus 1 is provided with the identification mark 23, so that the operator can easily determine the upper and lower sides through visual or tactile sensation. Moreover, the opening diameter of the through-hole 25 is opened to the size which can be inserted including the collar 24 provided in the tube part 2.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the wall ventilation device 1 is pressed down when it is inserted until the back surface 16 a of the flange portion 3 contacts the ventilation gap side surface 26 a of the base plate 5. It is. Thereby, the baseplate 5 is inserted | pinched between the flange part 3 and the collar 24, and the temporary fixation to the baseplate 5 of the wall ventilation apparatus 1 is completed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the wall ventilation apparatus 1 is fixed by sticking the four sides around the flange portion 3 to the ventilation gap side surface 26 a of the base plate 5 with the waterproof tape 20. Thereby, the wall ventilation apparatus 1 is fixed in a gap between the flange portion 3 and the base plate 5 with waterproofness. At this time, the operator can apply the waterproof tape 20 with the step 19 as a mark, so that the work can be performed with good workability. Further, since the flange portion 3 is rectangular, the operator can cut and use a general linear waterproof tape 20 as shown in the figure, or according to the shape of the flange portion 3. Thus, a waterproof tape (not shown) cut in advance into a rectangular frame can be used, and in any case, the operation can be easily performed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6A, a waterproof paper 21 that further enhances waterproofness is attached to the base plate 5 so as to cover the ventilation gap side surface 26a. As a result, the ventilation gap side opening 6 of the tube part 2 is closed by the waterproof paper 21.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6B, the portion of the waterproof paper 21 that closes the ventilation gap side opening 6 of the tubular body portion 2 is cut using a cutter 22. At this time, the operator presses the waterproof paper 21 against the base plate 5, searches for the position where the step 19 of the wall ventilation device 1 is disposed, and then makes the cutter 22 contact the step 19 instead of the ruler. The waterproof paper 21 is cut while letting it go. As a result, the portion of the waterproof paper 21 that closes the ventilation gap side opening 6 of the tube portion 2 is removed as shown in FIG.

  The wall ventilation apparatus 1 that can be attached to the base plate 5 as described above can be applied to, for example, a wooden building 4 shown in FIG. Above the wooden building 4 is a flat plate erected from the side of the end of the floor finishing material 28 of the land roof 27, and when the land roof 27 is a roof balcony, an exterior material outside the figure is the outdoor 11. A parapet 30 having an outer base plate 29 disposed on the side and a flat base plate 5 disposed in parallel with the outer base plate 29 is provided. Between the back surface 26b of the base plate 5 and the outer base plate 29, the hollow portion 10 is formed in a state of being sealed by the base wood 31 at the upper end thereof. Further, the parapet 30 is provided with an exterior material 7 such as a flat outer wall which is an outer wall of the wooden building 4 with the ventilation gap 8 opened from the foundation plate 5 on the side of the ventilation gap side surface 26 a of the foundation plate 5. Yes. The base plate 5 is provided with the wall ventilation device 1 according to the procedure described above, and the hollow portion 10 and the ventilation gap 8 are communicated with each other by the wall ventilation device 1. Further, a substantially U-shaped drainer 33 provided with a through hole (communication portion) 32 that communicates the ventilation gap 8 and the outdoors 11 is attached to the upper end of the parapet 30. An approximately U-shaped headboard 34 is provided in a side view.

  The wooden building 4 also has a hut (wall space) 37 that is a space formed by a flat top surface 35 that is also a floor plate of the flat roof 27 and a floor plate 36 that is a flat plaster board. . A beam 38 that supports the parapet 30 is installed at the lower end of the parapet 30 in the shed 37. Further, a shed beam 40 that supports the top surface 35 and is supported on the other end side of the reinforcing support fixing member 39 that is connected to the floor plate 36 is installed in the shed 37. . Further, on the floor plate 36, a heat insulating material 41 having a bulk to abut against the beam 38 and the shed beam 40 is laid.

  The top surface 35 of the hut back 37 is notched at a portion that abuts against the shed beam 40, straddles the notch 42 that forms a ventilation path above the shed beam 40, and a portion that abuts the beam 38. A notch 43 that communicates with the hollow portion 10 is provided.

  The ventilation of the hut 37 in the wooden building 4 having the above-described configuration is performed as follows. That is, the air in the cabin back 37 that has flowed into the hollow portion 10 through the notch 43 flows from the hollow portion 10 to the ventilation gap 8 through the wall ventilation device 1 disposed on the base plate 5 and then penetrates. It flows out to the outdoors 11 through the hole 32. That is, in the wooden building 4, the wall ventilation device 1 is not exposed to the outdoors 11 because it is disposed on the base plate 5 on the back side of the exterior material 7 of the wooden building 4. Therefore, unlike the conventional ventilation apparatus arrange | positioned at the exterior material 7, the wall ventilation apparatus 1 does not deface the exterior material 7 without deteriorating the design property of the wooden building 4. FIG.

  Moreover, since the wall ventilation apparatus 1 only needs to provide the waterproof structure by the waterproof tape 20 and the waterproof paper 21 in the baseplate 5, the cost at the time of construction can be reduced compared with the said conventional ventilation apparatus. Moreover, in order to arrange | position the wall ventilation apparatus 1, it is not necessary to make a hole in the beam 38, and it becomes advantageous also in the structural surface of the wooden building 4. FIG.

  Further, the wall ventilation apparatus 1 has a small amount of rainwater entering from the ventilation gap side opening 6 of the tube body portion 2 by passing through the ventilation gap 8, so that the rainwater is hollow. Based on the fact that the structure for preventing the part 10 from entering from the indoor side opening 9 of the tube part 2 can be simplified compared to the conventional ventilation device, and that it is not directly exposed to sunlight. Since there is no need to consider, it can be made of an inexpensive ABS resin or the like, so that its own cost can be reduced.

  In addition, the wall ventilation apparatus 1 shown by this Embodiment is only one aspect | mode of the wall ventilation apparatus which concerns on this invention, and various deformation | transformation implementation is possible within the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

  The wall ventilation apparatus 1 according to the present invention includes a base plate 5, a hollow part (wall space) 10 formed on the back surface 26 b side of the base plate 5, a ventilation gap side surface 26 a of the base plate 5, and an exterior material 7. If it is a building provided with the ventilation gap 8 formed between and the through-hole 32 which connects the ventilation gap 8 and the outdoors 11, it applies also to the building which has a roof of shapes other than a reinforced concrete building, a land roof, for example can do.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wall ventilator 2 Tube part 2a Outer peripheral surface 3 Flange part 4 Wooden building 5 Base plate 6 Venting gap side opening 6b Inner peripheral surface 7 Exterior material 8 Venting gap 9 Indoor side opening 11 Outdoor 14 Water return 15 Inclined surface 24 鍔 19 Step 26a Ventilation gap side surface 32 Through hole (communication part)

Claims (4)

A building having a ventilation gap formed between an exterior material of the building and a base plate installed inside the building with a space from the exterior material, and a communication portion communicating the ventilation gap and the outside A wall ventilation device disposed on the base plate,
It has a ventilation gap side opening that opens toward the ventilation gap at one end, and an indoor opening that opens in a direction different from the opening direction of the ventilation gap side opening on the indoor side of the base plate at the other end. A tube portion penetrating the base plate;
A flange portion that is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tubular body portion so that the outer peripheral shape is rectangular, abuts against the side surface of the ventilation gap of the base plate, and has a step inside the predetermined distance from the outer peripheral edge. Features a wall ventilator. The tubular body portion includes a flange that protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the tubular body portion at a position corresponding to the thickness of the foundation plate from the flange portion and sandwiches the foundation plate between the flange portion. The wall ventilation apparatus according to claim 1. The ventilation gap side opening part of a pipe part is opened toward a substantially horizontal direction, and the indoor side opening part of a pipe part is opened toward upper direction, The one of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. Wall ventilator. The building ventilation structure provided with the wall ventilation apparatus in any one of Claims 1-3.

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