JP5416051B2 - anchor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an anchor used for fixing a net, a wire rope or the like.

  In order to prevent falling rocks from the slope facing the road, a falling rock prevention net is installed around such a slope. Also, while anchoring the tip of the anchor to the ground that constitutes the slope, anchoring a rockfall prevention net or wire rope to the anchor's rear end that remains on the ground surface to secure the rockfall prevention net to the ground It is fixed. As an anchor for fixing a rock fall prevention net or the like in this manner, for example, the one described in Patent Document 1 is known. In the anchor described in Patent Document 1, a rotation stop member that also serves as a mooring is attached to an upper portion of an anchor body in which a band plate is formed in a spiral shape. Then, the anchor body is buried in the ground while being driven to rotate in a state where the rotation preventing member is removed.

Japanese Patent No. 3111252 (for example, FIG. 6, FIG. 9, etc.)

  In order to embed the anchor described in Patent Document 1 in the ground, it is necessary to rotate the anchor body, and there is room for improvement in terms of workability. Moreover, with respect to the anchor constructed as described above, a tensile force is applied from a rockfall prevention net or the like, and this acts as a pulling force against the anchor. Therefore, in order to stably fix a rockfall prevention net or the like over a long period of time, it is important to increase the pulling resistance of the anchor from the ground as compared with the conventional anchor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an anchor that is excellent in workability and has a high resistance to pulling out from the ground and is difficult to come off from the ground.

In order to achieve the above object, the anchor according to the present invention has an anchor body in which a tip portion extending in a first direction is driven in the first direction with respect to the ground, and is spaced apart from each other in the first direction. A first locking portion and a second locking portion provided at the distal end portion of the anchor body; a base portion through which the distal end portion of the anchor body is inserted; and extending from the base portion toward a side opposite to the distal end of the anchor body. and a plurality of blade members to be set, the said base and collecting space the enclosed by the blade member and the distal end of the anchor body at the opposite side is formed, the base and each blade member relative to the base And a retaining member that is movable with respect to the distal end portion of the anchor body between the first retaining portion and the second retaining portion, and the retaining member includes the base and the retaining member. Connect each blade member And are those bending the each of the blade members relative to the base after being withdrawn from a single spring steel sheet in the state, said anchor in response to resistance received from the ground when the anchor body is driven into the ground While changing the attitude | position with respect to the front-end | tip part of a main body, it penetrates in the ground with the anchor main body, and collects the debris in the ground which flows into the collection space.

  In the anchor configured as described above, the tip of the anchor body is embedded in the ground by driving the anchor body into the ground. A retaining member configured as described above is provided for the tip portion. That is, the retaining member has a collection space surrounded by the base and the plurality of blade members on the opposite side of the tip of the anchor main body, and enters the ground together with the anchor main body by driving the anchor main body into the ground. In addition, the soil in the ground flows into the collection space of the retaining member and is collected by the retaining member (base + a plurality of blade members), which becomes the resistance to pulling out the anchor body from the ground. Thus, an anchor that is difficult to come off from the ground can be obtained by simply driving the anchor body without rotating the anchor body as in the prior art.

On the other hand, when the retaining member is provided at the distal end portion of the anchor main body in this way, the retaining member becomes a driving resistance when the anchor main body is driven into the ground, and there is a risk of acting on a factor that deteriorates anchor workability. However, in the present invention, since the first locking portion and the second locking portion are provided at the distal end portion of the anchor body, and the above-described retaining member is movable with respect to the distal end portion therebetween, when the anchor body is driven into the ground The retaining member changes the posture with respect to the tip of the anchor body in accordance with the resistance received from the ground, that is, the resistance acting on the anchor body is reduced by the posture change. Therefore, it is possible to embed an anchor that is difficult to remove from the ground with excellent workability. In addition, after the base part of the retaining member and each blade member are connected to each other, the spring member is utilized by forming the retaining member by bending each blade member with respect to the base after being extracted from the single spring steel plate. Thus, the blade member can be given flexibility and elasticity.

  Here, one end portion of the plurality of blade members may be connected to the base portion, and the plurality of blade members may be inclined so as to spread from the base portion toward the side opposite to the tip end of the anchor body. By comprising in this way, an anchor main body can be reliably and stably guided to a 1st direction, and the workability of an anchor can further be improved. Further, by adopting such a configuration, driving resistance can be reduced.

  Further, one end portions of the adjacent blade members may be separated from each other, whereby a gap is formed between the plurality of blade members on the distal end side of the anchor body, and the anchor body is driven through the gap with the anchor body. The soil effectively flows into the collection space. For this reason, the driving resistance of the anchor body to the ground can be reduced, and the pulling resistance of the anchor body from the ground can be increased.

  Further, the other end portions of the adjacent blade members may be separated from each other in the same manner as the one end portion side, thereby collecting the soil in the ground through gaps formed between the plurality of blade members. Thus, a reduction in driving resistance and an improvement in drawing resistance are achieved at the same time.

  Further, at least one of the plurality of blade members may be configured to be deformable in a direction in which an inclination angle with respect to the base is increased by a resistance received from the ground when a pulling force is applied to the anchor body. In this case, the blade member is deformed by the generation of the pulling force with respect to the anchor main body, and resistance that makes it difficult to pull out from the ground is generated, thereby making it difficult to pull out the anchor.

  As described above, according to the present invention, since the retaining member composed of the base portion and the plurality of blade members is movably provided with respect to the distal end portion of the anchor main body, the anchor that is difficult to remove is excellent with respect to the ground. Can be embedded with workability.

It is a perspective view showing one embodiment of an anchor concerning the present invention. It is a figure which shows the extraction prevention metal fitting used with the anchor of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the operation | movement aspect of a drawing-out prevention metal fitting. It is a figure which shows typically the procedure which constructs the anchor of FIG. 1 in the ground. It is a figure which shows other embodiment of the anchor concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows another embodiment of the anchor concerning this invention.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of an anchor according to the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is an overall perspective view of the anchor, and FIG. 1 (b) is an enlarged view of an R portion of FIG. 1 (a). It is. 2 is a view showing a pull-out preventing metal fitting used in the anchor of FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view, and FIG. 2 (b) is a side view. Further, FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing an operation mode of the pull-out preventing metal fitting.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the anchor 1 includes an anchor main body 10, two E-rings 21 and 22, and a pull-out preventing metal fitting 30. Among these, the anchor main body 10 is formed by processing a rod-shaped steel material extending in the first direction X, and one end portion constitutes a leading end portion embedded in the ground in advance, while the rear end portion is ground. A mooring portion that remains on the surface and anchors the object 4 to be anchored, such as a rockfall prevention net and a wire rope, is formed. In this embodiment, the rear end portion 11 of the anchor main body 10 is bent in a reverse letter shape in a side view as shown in FIG. 1 (a), and the anchored object 4 such as a rockfall prevention net is engaged at the valley portion 12. It can be stopped and moored. Further, the tip portion 14 of the anchor main body 10 can be driven into the ground by hitting the peak (head) 13 of the bent portion with a hammer or the like.

  The distal end portion 14 of the anchor main body 10 has a conical portion 15 formed in a conical shape so as to be sharper as it approaches the distal end, and two formed on the rear end side (the upper side in FIG. 1) than the conical portion 15. Ring grooves 16 and 17.

  These ring grooves 16 and 17 are spaced apart from each other in the first direction X, and are provided in an annular groove shape on the outer peripheral side surface of the tip portion 14. In this embodiment, in the first direction X, the ring groove 16 and the ring groove 17 are separated from each other by the same degree as the diameter of the anchor main body 10, but this separation distance is arbitrary. Further, E-rings 21 and 22 are mounted in the ring grooves 16 and 17, respectively, and a pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 described below is loosely inserted between the E-rings 21 and 22 into the distal end portion 14 of the anchor body 10. . Thus, the E-rings 21 and 22 define the movable range of the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 in the first direction X.

  The pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 is inserted into the ground integrally with the distal end portion 14 in the ground and is buried in the ground to give a pulling resistance to the anchor body 10 and is made of a metal material. As shown in FIG. 2, the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 includes a donut disk-shaped base 31 having a circular through hole 31 a in the center and four blade members 32 connected to the outer peripheral edge of the base 31. In addition, the part where the base 31 and each blade member 32 are connected is a bent portion. Specifically, after being manufactured as follows, it is attached to the anchor body 10.

  First, each blade member 32 is expanded in a plane from the base portion 31 and has a substantially cross shape, and the inner diameter of the base portion 31 is larger than the diameter of the anchor body 10 and smaller than the outer diameter of the E-rings 21 and 22. After the flat plate having the holes 31a is stamped from a single metal plate, for example, a spring steel plate, the base portion 31 is inclined so as to extend toward the side opposite to the tip of the anchor body 10 (upper side in FIG. 1). And the blade member 32 are bent in the same direction. Thus, in this embodiment, the pull-out prevention metal fitting 30 is produced by one press molding. Thus, since the base 31 and each blade member 32 are comprised with the single metal plate, the number of parts can be decreased. In the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 formed in this way, the collection is surrounded by the base 31 and the four blade members 32 on the side opposite to the tip of the anchor body 10 (upper side in FIG. 1) with respect to the base 31. A space CS is formed, and when the anchor 1 is constructed on the ground as will be described later, the soil in the ground flowing into the collection space CS is collected by the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30, and this acts as a pull-out resistance.

  In addition, one end portion of each blade member 32 is connected to the base portion 31 through the boundary portion. However, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the one end portions of adjacent blade members 32 are separated from each other. . For this reason, gaps 33 are formed between the plurality of blade members 32 on the distal end side of the anchor body 10, and when the anchor body 10 is driven into the ground, soil, fine stones, and sand in the ground are captured via the gaps 33. While flowing into the collection space CS, it is possible to reduce the driving resistance of the anchor body 10 to the ground, and to increase the pulling resistance of the anchor body 10 from the ground.

  Further, the shape of the blade member 32 is defined so that the other end portion (free end portion) of the adjacent blade member 32 is also spaced apart from the other end portion (base portion 31 side). In this way, the gap 33 is connected from the base 31 side to the tip end side of the blade member 32 and is widely open. Therefore, earth and sand and fine stones in the ground are efficiently allowed to flow into the collection space CS through the gap 33. It is possible to simultaneously reduce the driving resistance and increase the pulling resistance.

  Furthermore, since the base 31 and the blade member 32 are die-cut from a single metal plate, and the blade member 32 is bent and shaped with respect to the base 31, the bent portion (the base 31 and the blade member is formed by resistance received from the ground. The boundary portion with respect to 32) is flexible. In particular, in this embodiment, since the die is cut from spring steel, the elastic deformation range of each blade member 32 is wide, and when the resistance received by each blade member 32 is equal to or less than the elastic limit, each blade member 32 is reduced in resistance. Accordingly, the initial state is restored. When stress exceeding the elastic limit is applied from the ground to each blade member 32, for example, as shown in the right column of FIG. 3, the blade member 32 is embedded in the ground in a state where the blade member 32 is plastically deformed and the pulling resistance to the ground is increased. Is done.

  The pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 configured as described above is attached to the anchor main body 10 as follows. In this embodiment, with the tip side E-ring 21 of the two E-rings not attached to the ring groove 16, the pull-out prevention metal 30 is prevented from being pulled out with the collection space CS facing the tip of the anchor body 10. The distal end portion 14 of the anchor main body 10 is inserted into the through hole 31a of the metal fitting 30, and the pull-out prevention metal fitting 30 is attached to the anchor main body 10 in a skewered state. Then, the E-ring 21 on the distal end side is attached to the ring groove 16 while the pull-out prevention metal fitting 30 is positioned between the ring grooves 16 and 17. As a result, the anchor 1 shown in FIG.

In the anchor 1 manufactured in this way, the distal end portion 14 of the anchor main body 10 is loosely inserted into the through hole 31a of the pull-out prevention metal fitting 30 in the range sandwiched between the two E rings 21 and 22, as shown in FIG. In addition,
-Can be moved up and down (first direction X),
-Rotating around the anchor body 10 as the center of rotation,
-It can incline with respect to the anchor main body 10. As described above, in the present embodiment, the E-rings 21 and 22 function as the “first locking portion” and the “second locking portion” of the present invention, respectively, with respect to the distal end portion 14 of the anchor body 10. The pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 corresponding to the “prevention member” of the present invention is movable in various ways. Therefore, when constructing the anchor 1 on the ground, the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 changes the posture with respect to the distal end portion 14 of the anchor main body 10 in accordance with the resistance received from the ground, thereby reducing the force required for constructing the anchor 1. Hereinafter, the construction of the anchor 1 on the ground containing stone will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a procedure for constructing the anchor of FIG. 1 on the ground. First, the anchor 1 shown in FIG. 1 is prepared, and the peak (head) 13 is hit with a hammer or the like with the tip of the anchor body 10 of the anchor 1 protruding from the surface of the ground 5. The distal end portion 14 is driven in the first direction X (FIG. 4A). As a result, in the ground 5, the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 advances in the first direction X in the ground 5 while being locked by the E-ring 22 on the rear end side, as shown in FIGS. At this time, since the pull-out prevention metal fitting 30 is made of spring steel in this embodiment, the other end portion (free end portion) of the four blade members 32 is close to the anchor main body 10 due to resistance from the ground 5. It will bend in the direction to make it, and it will progress in the ground 5 reducing the resistance given to the anchor main body 10, ie, driving resistance, as a whole in the shape of a bottom dent. Further, as the distal end portion 14 of the anchor main body 10 advances, the pull-out prevention metal fitting 30 also advances in the ground 5. At this time, dirt and fine stones in the ground 5 are collected through the gaps 33 between the blade members 32. It flows into the space CS.

  When the anchor main body 10 is driven further, for example, as shown in FIG. 5B, the resistance of a part of the blade members 32a contacting the stone RC in the ground 5 and acting on the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 increases. . However, since the pull-out prevention metal fitting 30 is configured to be movable with respect to the anchor main body 10 as described above, the contact point between the base portion 31 and the E-ring 22 is set at the point where the blade member 32a contacts the stone RC. A rotational force is applied to the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 with the contact as a fulcrum. As a result, the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 is inclined with respect to the anchor main body 10 to receive interference from the stone RC, and the resistance is reduced. In parallel with such an inclination operation, the anchor body 10 is further driven, and the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 moves away from the stone RC ((c) in the same figure). Then, when the distal end portion 14 of the anchor main body 10 reaches a preset depth position as shown in FIG. Thus, while the anchor main body 10 is driven in, the soil and fine stone in the ground 5 flow into the collection space CS through the gap 33, and the pull-out prevention metal fitting 30 is the earth and stone of the ground 5 in the collection space CS. Is held from the front end side of the anchor body 10 toward the rear end side (the ground surface side). For this reason, the extraction resistance of the anchor main body 10 from the ground 5 is increased.

  Finally, the anchored object 4 such as a rockfall prevention net is engaged with the rear end portion 11 of the anchor body 10 thus driven into the ground 5, more specifically, the valley portion 12 of the rear end portion 11 left on the surface of the ground 5. Stop and moor.

  In this state, for example, when a tensile force is applied to the anchored object 4 such as a rockfall prevention net or a wire rope by falling rocks, this acts as a pulling force for the anchor 1, but also in this case, the anchor body 10 is removed from the ground 5. Pulling out can be effectively prevented. This is because when a pulling force is generated, each blade member 32 is deformed by receiving resistance from the earth and stone of the ground 5 as the anchor body 10 moves to the ground surface side as shown in FIG. It is. More specifically, each blade member 32 is deformed in a direction in which the inclination angle θ (see FIG. 2) with respect to the base portion 31 is enlarged (that is, the blade member 32 is opened), and is prevented from being pulled out in a plane orthogonal to the first direction X. The area in which the metal fitting 30 holds the earth and stone of the ground 5 increases from before the deformation. As a result, the pulling resistance increases by the amount of increase in the area, and it becomes even more difficult for the ground 5 to come out.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the tip end portion 14 of the anchor body 10 and the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 are embedded in the ground 5 by hitting the rear end portion 11 of the anchor body 10. The pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 has a collection space CS surrounded by the base 31 and the four blade members 32 on the opposite side of the tip of the anchor 1 main body 10, and the anchor main body 10 is driven into the ground 5 by anchoring. The pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 collects the earth and stone in the ground 5 flowing into the collection space CS while entering the ground 5 together with the main body 10, and this becomes the pull-out resistance of the anchor main body 10 from the ground 5. Thus, the anchor 1 which is hard to come off from the ground 5 is obtained by a simple operation.

  Further, since the pull-out prevention metal fitting 30 is provided so as to be movable with respect to the distal end portion 14 of the anchor main body 10 between the E rings 21 and 22 attached to the distal end portion 14 of the anchor main body 10, When driven into the ground 5, the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 changes the posture of the anchor body 10 with respect to the distal end portion 14 by the resistance received from the ground 5. Therefore, the anchor 1 can be constructed while reducing the resistance acting on the anchor body 10. Thus, according to this embodiment, the anchor 1 that is difficult to come off from the ground 5 can be embedded in the ground 5 with excellent workability.

  In addition, one end portion of each blade member 32 is inclined to the base portion 31 so that the four blade members 32 constituting the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 are inclined from the base portion 31 toward the opposite side of the distal end of the anchor body 10. It is connected with. Therefore, when the anchor main body 10 is driven in the first direction X, the anchor main body 10 is reliably and stably guided in the first direction X with less driving resistance. Thus, the workability of the anchor 1 can be further improved by using the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 having the above-described configuration.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, since the adjacent blade | wing member 32 is mutually spaced apart and the clearance gap 33 is formed, the soil and the fine stone in the ground 5 are collected through the clearance gap 33 with the anchor main body 10 being driven, and the collection space CS. The anchoring resistance of the anchor body 10 to the ground 5 can be reduced and the pulling resistance of the anchor body 10 from the ground 5 can be effectively increased. In the present embodiment, adjacent blade members 32 are separated from each other from one end portion to the other end portion of each blade member 32, but only one end side or only the other end side of each blade member 32 is adjacent. You may comprise so that the blade member 32 which fits may mutually space apart, and a clearance gap may be formed.

  Further, in the above embodiment, when the pulling force is applied to the anchor main body 10 and the anchor main body 10 moves to the ground surface side, the entire blade member 32 is deformed in a direction in which the inclination angle with respect to the base portion 31 increases. doing. Therefore, even when a tensile force is applied to the anchored object 4 such as a rockfall prevention net or a wire rope due to falling rocks, the entire blade member 32 is deformed accordingly and generates resistance that is difficult to come out from the ground 5. This resistance makes it possible to make the anchor 1 more difficult to pull out.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made to the above-described one without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, four inverted frustoconical blade members 32 are used in a side view in FIG. 1, but the shape and the number of blade members 32 are not limited to this, and blades of arbitrary shapes A member can be used. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a rectangular blade member 32 may be used. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the other end 32 b of the blade member 32 may be folded to the opposite side of the base 31. Further, the shape of the base 31 is not limited to the donut disk shape, and is arbitrary.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the four blade members 32 are provided so as to incline in a flared shape from the base portion 31 toward the side opposite to the tip of the anchor body 10. The angle θ may be set to 90 °.

  In the above embodiment, the pull-out preventing metal fitting 30 in the first direction X is regulated by the E-rings 21 and 22, but other locking members such as C-rings are used instead of the E-rings 21 and 22. May be. Instead of attaching the E-ring 22 to the ring groove 17, a ring-shaped protrusion or a plurality of protrusions may be provided in a ring shape on the side surface of the anchor body 10 instead of the ring groove 17.

  Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the case where a rock fall prevention net | network, a wire rope, etc. are fixed is mentioned as an example, the application range of this invention is not restricted to this. For example, the present invention can be similarly applied to an anchor for fixing a rope for pulling a support column when installing a tent or the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Anchor 4 ... Moored object 5 ... Ground 10 ... Anchor main body 14 ... Tip part of (anchor main body) 21 ... E ring (1st locking part)
22 ... E-ring (second locking part)
30 ... Pull-out prevention metal fitting (prevention member)
31 ... Base 32, 32a ... Blade member 33 ... Clearance CS ... Collection space θ ... Inclination angle

Claims (5)

An anchor body in which a tip portion extending in the first direction is driven in the first direction with respect to the ground;
A first locking portion and a second locking portion provided at the tip portion of the anchor main body and spaced apart from each other in the first direction;
A base portion through which the distal end portion of the anchor main body is inserted; and a plurality of blade members extending from the base portion toward a side opposite to the distal end of the anchor main body, and the distal end of the anchor main body with respect to the base portion It said base and said collecting space enclosed by the blade members are formed, the base and the said anchor between each blade member is integrally said first engaging portion and the second locking portion opposite the A retaining member that is movable relative to the tip of the main body,
The retaining member is
Each blade member is bent with respect to the base portion after being extracted from a single spring steel plate in a state where the base portion and each blade member are connected, and when the anchor body is driven into the ground While changing the posture with respect to the tip of the anchor body in accordance with the resistance received from the ground, the soil enters the ground together with the anchor body and collects debris in the ground flowing into the collection space. And anchor.   The anchor according to claim 1, wherein one end portion of the plurality of blade members is connected to the base portion so that the plurality of blade members are inclined from the base portion toward the opposite side to the tip end of the anchor main body. .   The anchor according to claim 2, wherein one end portions of adjacent blade members are separated from each other.   The anchor according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the other end portions of the adjacent blade members are separated from each other.   The at least one of the plurality of blade members can be deformed in a direction in which an inclination angle with respect to the base is expanded by a resistance received from the ground when a pulling force is applied to the anchor body. anchor.

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