JP5407686B2 - Rear body structure of the vehicle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a back door that covers a rear opening of a vehicle, a pair of left and right rear side frames that extend in the vehicle front-rear direction, and a bumper beam that extends in the vehicle width direction and has both ends connected to the rear side frame. The present invention relates to a rear body structure of a vehicle.

  Conventionally, various studies have been made on a vehicle body structure capable of improving the rigidity of the rear portion of the vehicle body in order to reduce vehicle damage at the time of a rear collision.

  For example, in Patent Document 1 below, there is a license plate mounting position at the center of a bumper beam disposed at the rear of the vehicle body, and a support member is disposed at this mounting position on both sides in the vehicle width direction and up and down. ing.

  Further, Patent Document 2 below discloses that a reinforcing member is provided at a central portion in the vehicle width direction of the bumper beam in consideration of a local load that tends to occur at the central portion of the bumper beam.

  According to Patent Documents 1 and 2 below, even when a load is applied from the rear due to a rear collision of the vehicle, the load can be received by the support member and the reinforcing member described above, thereby deforming the bumper. It is said that it can be minimized.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-96563 JP 2001-322517 A

  By the way, conventionally, when the back door that covers the rear opening of the vehicle is damaged by a light collision, the opening cannot be opened or closed due to deformation of the back door itself or damage to an opening / closing lever that opens and closes the back door. There was a possibility that it could not be taken in and out.

  Moreover, the back door is generally comprised by the iron plate component. Therefore, when the back door is damaged, the iron plate parts must be replaced or repaired when repairing the back door. As a result, a large amount of repair costs are generated, which imposes a great economic burden on the user. There was also a problem.

  Therefore, in recent years, it has been strongly desired not to damage the back door at the time of a light collision, and in the research and development of the vehicle body structure, it is an important examination matter to prevent the back door from being damaged. .

  Here, looking at the prior arts disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, these are merely bumper beams for reducing damage, and there is no viewpoint for preventing damage to the back door. Therefore, with the above-described conventional technology, there is a possibility that damage to the back door cannot be reliably prevented at the time of a light collision.

  Also, in order to prevent the back door from being damaged during a light collision, a structure in which the bumper beam and the bumper face are greatly extended rearward is known. However, this structure is heavy due to the increase in size of the bumper beam and the bumper face. There is concern over the increase, and a bumper beam suitable for the vehicle type and vehicle grade will be required, raising concerns about an increase in manufacturing costs.

  This invention can improve the safety of the occupant, and while suppressing the increase in size of the bumper beam and bumper face, preventing damage at the time of a light collision of the back door constituting the rear surface of the vehicle body, The rear body structure of the vehicle that can reduce the economic burden on the user when repair costs are incurred by enabling the loading and unloading of luggage through the rear opening and minimizing damage to the back door The purpose is to provide.

The vehicle rear body structure of the present invention includes a back door that covers a rear opening of the vehicle, a pair of left and right rear side frames that extend in the vehicle front-rear direction, and both ends that extend in the vehicle width direction. A vehicle rear body structure including a bumper beam coupled to each frame, wherein the bumper beam is disposed in front of the vehicle from a rear surface portion of the back door, and the bumper beam is disposed behind the back door. A front abutting member that is disposed in front of the vehicle from the surface and protrudes rearward from the back door is attached to the bumper beam, and includes a bumper face that covers the bumper beam and the abutting member from the rear of the vehicle , The abutting member has a box shape so as to rotate upward and forward in a side view when subjected to a collision load. The upper edge and the left and right edges of the mounting surface to be attached to are directly bonded and fixed to the rear surface of the bumper beam, and the lower edge of the mounting surface is not bonded to the rear surface of the bumper beam, The rear surface portion of the abutting member has an upper end protruding most rearward and is inclined forward and downward as a whole .

According to this configuration, by attaching the abutting member to the bumper beam, it is possible to receive a collision load ahead of the back door at the time of a light collision from the rear. However, damage to the back door can be prevented. Therefore, even after a light collision occurs, the back door can be opened and closed, and the luggage can be taken in and out from the rear opening.
And by realizing the damage prevention of a back door, replacement | exchange and repair of an iron plate component become unnecessary. For this reason, the repair cost can be suppressed and the economic burden on the user can be reduced.
In addition, by attaching the abutting member to the bumper beam, it is possible to absorb the impact by receiving the impact load from the rear by cooperating with each of the rigid members such as the bumper beam and the rear side frame. Can be improved.
In addition, since the bumper beam is arranged in front of the vehicle from the rear surface of the back door, it is possible to reliably prevent damage to the back door at the time of a light collision by simply changing the structure of the abutting member. It is possible to cope with the structural change and the manufacturing cost.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the bumper face is provided with a recessed portion that is recessed forward of the vehicle from a general surface that forms an outer surface, and the recessed portion is provided with a license plate, The abutting member is disposed on both sides in the vehicle width direction of the recessed portion, and the rear surface portion of the abutting member in which the dimension in the vehicle width direction of the mounting surface is close to the bumper face in the abutting member. The angle between the rear surface portion of the abutting member and the surface portion extending from the rear surface portion to the edge portion on the recessed portion side of the mounting surface in a plan view. The angle formed by the rear surface portion of the abutting member and the surface portion extending from the rear surface portion to the edge portion of the mounting surface on the rear side frame side is larger .

According to this configuration, the abutting member can be disposed using a space formed by a general surface that protrudes rearward relative to the recessed portion. Thereby, it is not necessary to bother to form a protrusion for securing the installation space for the abutting member on the bumper face, and as a result, the rear overhang can be shortened. Further, the coupling strength with the bumper beam on the mounting surface side can be increased. For this reason, the collision load input to the contact member can be reliably transmitted to the bumper beam, and the load can be efficiently dispersed. And compared with the case where the dimension of a rear surface part is set to the same dimension as the attachment surface side or larger than that, the interference with the bumper face which adjoins back can be avoided easily. For this reason, the freedom degree of design of a bumper face is securable.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the yield strength of the abutting member is set lower than that of the bumper beam and the rear side frame.

  According to this configuration, when a load greater than that during a light collision is applied, it is possible to suppress the crushing deformation of the rear side frame and the bumper beam due to the strength of the abutting member, and as a result, load energy absorption can be efficiently performed. Can be done.

According to the present invention, by attaching the abutting member to the bumper beam, it is possible to receive a collision load ahead of the back door at the time of a light collision from the rear, thereby suppressing an increase in size of the bumper beam and the bumper face. However, damage to the back door can be prevented. Therefore, even after a light collision occurs, the back door can be opened and closed, and the luggage can be taken in and out from the rear opening.
And by realizing the damage prevention of a back door, replacement | exchange and repair of an iron plate component become unnecessary. For this reason, the repair cost can be suppressed and the economic burden on the user can be reduced.
In addition, by attaching the abutting member to the bumper beam, it is possible to absorb the impact by receiving the impact load from the rear by cooperating with each of the rigid members such as the bumper beam and the rear side frame. Can be improved. In addition, since the bumper beam is arranged in front of the vehicle from the rear surface of the back door, it is possible to reliably prevent damage to the back door at the time of a light collision by simply changing the structure of the abutting member. It is possible to cope with the structural change and the manufacturing cost.

1 is a rear perspective view of a vehicle provided with a rear vehicle body structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The bottom view of the rear side of the vehicle shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 2. The disassembled perspective view of the rear side of the vehicle shown in FIG. The perspective view which shows a tip contact member. Sectional drawing for demonstrating the behavior at the time of the light collision from back. The figure for demonstrating the relationship between the shape of a tip contact member and the design freedom of a bumper face. The perspective view which shows the tip member which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 is a perspective view of a rear side of a vehicle having a rear body structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the rear side of the vehicle shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the rear side of the vehicle shown in FIG. In the drawing, the arrow (F) indicates the front of the vehicle body, and the arrow (R) indicates the rear of the vehicle body.

  A vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a pair of left and right rear fenders 2, a rear header 3, a pair of left and right rear pillars 4, and a rear bumper face 5 (however, only the left side of the vehicle is shown in FIG. 1). ), A rear opening 6 surrounded by the rear header 3, the rear pillar 4, the rear bumper face 5 and the like is formed.

  Normally, the rear opening 6 is covered with a back door 7 hinged to the rear header 3 and can be opened and closed by operating the back door 7.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a rear floor panel 9 constituting the floor surface of the luggage compartment 8 is disposed at the rear portion of the vehicle 1. A pair of left and right rear side frames 10 extending in the vehicle front-rear direction are disposed on the lower surface of the rear floor panel 9. The rear side frame 10 is a vehicle body rigid member constituting the vehicle body frame and has a closed cross section extending in the vehicle front-rear direction.

  Further, a spare tire pan 9a is formed in a part of the rear floor panel 9 so as to be stepped down from other portions. The spare tire pan 9a and the rear end portion of the rear side frame 10 extend in the vehicle width direction. A rear end panel 11 that forms the rear portion of the vehicle body is disposed.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the rear end panel 11 includes a rear end outer panel 11 a and a rear end inner panel 11 a on the upper side of the rear end panel 11 a. Then, by joining and fixing the rear end outer panel 11a and the rear end inner panel 11b, a closed cross section 11c extending in the vehicle width direction is formed between the two.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a rear bumper beam 12 is formed on the rear surface side of the rear end panel 11 so as to be curved so that the center portion in the vehicle width direction is located behind the both end portions. It is constructed so as to extend in the vehicle width direction. The bumper beam 12 is mainly composed of a beam body 12a extending in the vehicle width direction behind the rear end panel 11 and a closing plate 12b provided behind the beam body 12a.

  Among these, in the beam main body 12a, two beads 12c and 12c projecting from the front end of the closing plate 12b toward the rear side frame 10 side (vehicle front) are formed. Each of the beads 12c and 12c has a U-shaped cross section, and a front surface portion thereof is coupled to the bracket 13 by coupling members 14 and 14 such as bolts and nuts.

  The brackets 13 and 13 are disposed corresponding to the position of the rear end portion of the rear side frame 10 and are coupled to the rear surface portion of the rear end panel 11 by coupling members (not shown) such as bolts and nuts. Thereby, the left and right end portions of the rear bumper beam 12 are connected to the rear side frame 10 via the pair of brackets 13 and 13 and the rear end panel 11.

  The beam body 12a has flange portions 12d and 12d at the upper and lower ends thereof, which are joined and fixed to the closing plate 12b. As a result, the open portions of the rear portions of the beads 12c and 12c are closed by the closing plate 12b, and a closed cross section 12e is formed between the beam body 12a and the closing plate 12b.

  By the way, as shown in FIG.3, FIG.4, the back door 7 is mainly comprised by the outer panel 7a which forms an outer surface, and the inner panel 7b by the side of the cargo compartment 8, All are comprised by iron plate components. ing. In this embodiment, the closing plate 12b constituting the rear end portion of the bumper beam 12 is positioned in front of the rear surface portion of the back door 7 (specifically, the rear surface portion of the outer panel 7a of the back door 7). ing.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2-5, the two contact members 15 and 15 are attached to the rear surface part of the closing plate 12b which comprises the bumper beam 12 mentioned above, and the rear surface part is shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, it protrudes rearward from the back door 7. The bumper beam 12 and the abutting member 15 are covered from the rear of the vehicle by the bumper face 5 and are not exposed to the outside of the vehicle.

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the abutting member 15. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the tip contact member 15 has a hollow box shape, and has a substantially rectangular opening 15 a in the front surface portion thereof. The left and right edges of the opening 15a are formed with flanges 15b and 15b that are widened on both sides in the vehicle width direction. The flanges 15b and 15b serve as the closing plate 12b (FIGS. 2 to 5). (Refer to Fig. 1) Spot welded to the rear surface.

  Further, the upper edge portion 15c of the opening 15a is joined and fixed to the rear surface portion of the closing plate 12b at a joining portion α indicated by a thick line in FIG. 6 by butt welding. The abutting member 15 is bonded and fixed to the bumper beam 12 by spot welding at the flange portions 15b and 15b and butt welding at the upper edge portion 15c. On the other hand, the lower edge 15d of the opening 15a is not joined to the closing plate 12b.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 5, and 6, the abutting member 15 has a tapered shape in plan view so that the dimension in the vehicle width direction gradually decreases from the front to the rear. Specifically, the rear surface portion in which the dimension L1 in the vehicle width direction of the mounting surface portion (here, the surface including the flange portions 15b, 15b and the upper edge portion 15c) joined and fixed to the closing plate 12b is close to the bumper face 5. It is set to a larger value than the same dimension L2 of 15e.

  Further, the rear surface portion 15e of the abutting member 15 has its upper end protruding most rearward and is inclined forward and downward as a whole.

  Further, the abutting member 15 is set so that the proof strength against an external load is lower than that of the rear side frame 10 and the bumper beam 12. Actually, the yield strength is set to be relatively low by setting the thickness of the abutting member 15 thin or by using a material with low rigidity.

  By the way, the bumper face 5 described above is made of synthetic resin, and is provided with a recessed portion 5b that is recessed forward from the general surface 5a that forms the outer surface at the center in the vehicle width direction. The recessed portion 5b is provided with a license plate 16 as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 5.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a ceiling portion 5c having a substantially horizontal plane is formed on the upper portion of the recessed portion 5b, and the ceiling portion 5c is irradiated with light from above to improve the visibility of the license plate 16. A license lamp 17 is provided.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the aforementioned abutting members 15, 15 are disposed on both sides of the recessed portion 5 b in the vehicle width direction.

  In the vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 7, when the obstacle X indicated by the two-dot chain line collides lightly from the rear of the vehicle 1, the obstacle X is first the outer surface of the bumper face 5. The contact member 15 is deformed by contact with the bumper face 5, and the tip contact member 15 is pressed through the bumper face 5 as shown in the figure. At this time, the abutting member 15 receives a collision load prior to the back door 7.

  In this way, when the abutting member 15 receives a collision load, the upper end of the rear surface portion 15e that protrudes rearward most first receives the load. At this time, since the rear surface portion 15e of the tip contact member 15 is inclined forward and downward as described above, the tip contact member 15 receives a force that is pushed forward and upward by the load.

  When the abutting member 15 receives such a force, the flange portion 15b is peeled off from the closing plate 12b, and the lower edge portion 15d not joined to the closing plate 12b is separated from the bumper beam 12. At this time, as shown by a thick arrow in FIG. 7, the abutting member 15 rotates upward and forward in a side view around the upper edge portion 15 c that is butt welded. The abutting member 15 receives the load while taking such a behavior, and finally prevents the obstacle X from contacting the back door 7.

  Thus, in this embodiment, by attaching the abutting member 15 protruding rearward from the back door 7 to the bumper beam 12, the abutting member 15 collides before the back door 7 at the time of a light collision from the rear. The load can be received, and damage to the back door 7 can be prevented while suppressing an increase in size of the bumper beam 12 and the bumper face 5. Therefore, even after a light collision occurs, the back door 7 can be opened and closed, and the luggage can be taken in and out from the rear opening 6.

  By preventing the back door 7 from being damaged, it is not necessary to replace or repair the iron plate parts such as the outer panel 7a and the inner panel 7b, and it is possible to cope with only the replacement of the bumper face 5 made of synthetic resin. For this reason, the repair cost can be suppressed and the economic burden on the user can be reduced.

  Further, by attaching the abutting member 15 to the bumper beam 12, the abutting member 15 cooperates with each rigid member such as the bumper beam 12 and the rear side frame 10 while buckling after receiving a collision load from the rear. Thus, the impact can be absorbed, and as a result, the safety of the passenger can be improved.

  By the way, in the bumper face 5, the recessed portion 5b having the ceiling portion 5c is formed as described above. However, the recessed portion 5b is not formed, and the license plate 16 is formed on the general surface 5a of the bumper face 5. In this case, it is difficult to secure a space for disposing the license lamp, and it is necessary to dispose the license lamp so as to protrude from the general surface 5a. Such a configuration is not preferable because it causes a decrease in the appearance of the rear portion of the vehicle.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the recessed portion 5b having the ceiling portion 5c for arranging the license lamp 17 is formed so that the license plate 16 can be irradiated with light from above. Then, by forming the recessed portion 5b in the bumper face 5, in the bumper face 5, the general surfaces 5b on both sides in the vehicle width direction of the recessed portion 5b protrude relatively rearward.

  In the present embodiment, the abutting member 15 is disposed using the inner space formed by the general surface 5a that protrudes rearward relative to the recessed portion 5b. With such a configuration, there is no need to bother to form a protruding portion for securing the installation space for the abutting member 15 on the bumper face 5, and as a result, the rear overhang can be shortened.

  In recent years, it has been desired to shorten the rear overhang as much as possible for design reasons, and the appearance can be improved by the arrangement of the abutting member 15 as described above.

  Further, in the case where the bumper beam 12 is curved and disposed so that the vehicle width direction center portion is positioned rearward compared to the vehicle width direction both ends, the abutting member 15 has a vehicle width as shown in FIG. By disposing near the center of the direction, the width of the abutting member 15 in the front-rear direction can be shortened. For this reason, the weight reduction and cost reduction of the abutting member 15 can be achieved. Furthermore, since the abutting member 15 is disposed closer to the center in the vehicle width direction, it can be disposed more rearward, and the load of the obstacle X (see FIG. 7) can be further increased during a light collision from the rear. The input to the abutting member 15 can be ensured.

  In addition, when the dimension L1 of the mounting surface is set to be larger than the dimension L2 of the rear surface portion 15e in the abutting member 15, the coupling strength with the bumper beam 12 on the mounting surface side can be increased. For this reason, the collision load input to the contact member 15 can be reliably transmitted to the bumper beam 12, and the load can be efficiently dispersed.

  Then, by reducing the dimension L2 of the rear surface portion 15e, for example, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. Interference with the bumper face 5 can be easily avoided. For this reason, the design freedom of the bumper face 5 can be ensured. For example, the general surface 5a is curved so that both ends in the vehicle width direction protrude forward from the center as shown in FIG. It becomes possible to form.

  Moreover, even if the closing plate 12b of the bumper beam 12 is laid out forward from the rear surface portion of the back door 7 as described above for the reasons of the configuration of the vehicle 1, the longitudinal length of the abutting member 15 is increased. It is possible to reliably prevent damage to the back door 7 at the time of a light collision, and to cope with the minimum structural change and manufacturing cost, by changing the structure as appropriate.

  Further, when the closing plate 12b is laid out ahead of the back door 7, by setting the front and rear length of the hollow tip contact member 15 to be longer, when the load is applied larger than that during a light collision, the tip contact member 15 The load energy can be absorbed by compressing and deforming. Thereby, the vehicle compartment including the luggage compartment 8 of the vehicle 1 can be protected from the load.

  In addition, since the strength of the abutting member 15 is set lower than that of the rear side frame 10 and the bumper beam 12, the rear side frame 10 and the bumper beam are affected by the strength of the abutting member 15 when a larger load is applied than during a light collision. It is possible to suppress the crushing deformation of 12 or the like from being inhibited, and as a result, load energy can be absorbed efficiently.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, flange portions 15 b and 15 b for coupling to the bumper beam 12 are formed on both sides in the vehicle width direction of the contact member 15, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. It is not limited. For example, like the abutting member 55 shown in FIG. 9, a portion corresponding to the flange portion 15b is omitted, and the three sides of the left and right vertical edge portions 55b and 55b and the upper edge portion 55c are butt welded to the bumper beam 12 ( It may be joined to the closing plate 12b).

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the vertical edge portions 55b and 55b and the upper edge portion 55c are joined to the closing plate 12b at a joining portion β indicated by a bold line in the figure, while the lower edge portion 55d of the opening 55a is closed. The plate 12b is not joined.

  Further, the rear surface portion 55e of the tip contact member 55, like the tip contact member 15, has its upper end protruding most rearward and is inclined forward and downward as a whole.

  In this case, when a load is applied from the rear during a light collision, the vertical edge portions 55 b and 55 b are separated from the closing plate 12 b and the lower edge portion 55 d is separated from the bumper beam 12. At this time, the abutting member 55 receives the collision load by rotating around the upper edge portion 55c, and finally the obstacle contacts the back door 7 as in the case of the abutting member 15. Stop.

  Even in the case of the abutting member 55 in which the flange portion is omitted, it is preferable that the dimension L1 ′ in the vehicle width direction of the mounting surface is set larger than the same dimension L2 ′ of the rear surface portion 55e as shown in the figure. .

5 ... Bumper face 5a ... General surface 5b ... Recessed portion 6 ... Rear opening 7 ... Back door 10 ... Rear side frame 12 ... Bumper beams 15, 55 ... Abutting member 16 ... License plate

Claims (3)

A back door covering the rear opening of the vehicle;
A pair of left and right rear side frames extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle;
A vehicle rear body structure including a bumper beam extending in the vehicle width direction and having both ends connected to the rear side frame,
The bumper beam is disposed in front of the vehicle from the rear surface of the back door,
Attaching a contact member protruding rearward from the back door to the bumper beam,
A bumper face that covers the bumper beam and the abutting member from the rear of the vehicle ;
The abutting member has a box shape so as to rotate upward and forward in a side view when receiving a collision load, and an upper edge portion and left and right edges of a mounting surface attached to the bumper beam Is directly bonded to the rear surface portion of the bumper beam, the lower edge portion of the mounting surface is not bonded to the rear surface portion of the bumper beam, and the rear surface portion of the abutting member has the uppermost rearmost portion. The rear body structure of the vehicle is inclined forward and downward as a whole . The bumper face is provided with a recessed portion that is recessed forward of the vehicle from a general surface that forms the outer surface,
The recessed portion is provided with a license plate,
The abutting member is disposed on both sides in the vehicle width direction of the recessed portion,
In the tip contact member, the dimension in the vehicle width direction of the mounting surface is set to a value larger than the dimension in the vehicle width direction of the rear surface portion of the tip contact member adjacent to the bumper face,
Compared to an angle formed by a rear surface portion of the abutting member in a plan view and a surface portion extending from the rear surface portion to an edge portion on the recessed portion side of the mounting surface, the rear surface portion of the abutting member; The angle formed by the surface portion extending from the rear surface portion to the edge portion on the rear side frame side of the mounting surface is larger.
The rear body structure of the vehicle according to claim 1. 3. The rear body structure of the vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a proof stress with respect to a load of the abutting member is set lower than a proof strength of the bumper beam and the rear side frame.

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