JP5407180B2 - Fluorine-containing elastic copolymer - Google Patents

Fluorine-containing elastic copolymer Download PDF

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JP5407180B2
JP5407180B2 JP2008133575A JP2008133575A JP5407180B2 JP 5407180 B2 JP5407180 B2 JP 5407180B2 JP 2008133575 A JP2008133575 A JP 2008133575A JP 2008133575 A JP2008133575 A JP 2008133575A JP 5407180 B2 JP5407180 B2 JP 5407180B2
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elastic copolymer
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fluorinated elastic
tetrafluoroethylene
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篤 船木
晋太郎 福永
新 安田
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AGC Inc
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本発明は、新規な含フッ素弾性共重合体に関する。   The present invention relates to a novel fluorinated elastic copolymer.

従来から、テトラフルオロエチレンとプロピレンの二元共重合体は、優れた耐熱性、耐薬品性を有するエラストマー(以下、弾性共重合体ともいう。)として知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。しかし、テトラフルオロエチレンとプロピレンの二元共重合体は、ガラス転移温度が0℃程度であり、低温で硬くなり、低温での柔軟性が不十分である。これを改良すべく、テトラフルオロエチレン/プロピレン/ビニルエーテル共重合体が検討されている(特許文献2参照。)。   Conventionally, a binary copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and propylene is known as an elastomer having excellent heat resistance and chemical resistance (hereinafter also referred to as an elastic copolymer) (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .) However, a binary copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and propylene has a glass transition temperature of about 0 ° C., becomes hard at a low temperature, and has insufficient flexibility at a low temperature. In order to improve this, a tetrafluoroethylene / propylene / vinyl ether copolymer has been studied (see Patent Document 2).

また、フッ化ビニリデン、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体や、フッ化ビニリデン/テトラフルオロエチレン/ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体などが含フッ素弾性共重合体として市販されている。しかし、これらのフッ化ビニリデンに基づく繰り返し単位を含有する含フッ素弾性共重合体は、耐薬品性、特に耐アミン性が劣り、エンジンオイルシール等の耐アミン性が必要な用途には使用できない。
また、テトラフルオロエチレン/含フッ素ビニルエーテル/エチレン共重合体が検討されている。しかし、テトラフルオロエチレン/含フッ素ビニルエーテル/エチレン共重合体は、エチレンジアミンに浸漬したときの体積変化率が高く、耐アミン性が不十分である(特許文献3参照。)。
上記状況下、テトラフルオロエチレン/プロピレン二元共重合体と同様の耐熱性、耐薬品性を保持しつつ、低温時の柔軟性が十分にあるなどの低温特性に優れる含フッ素弾性共重合体の開発が望まれていた。
Also, vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride / tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer, and the like are commercially available as fluorinated elastic copolymers. However, these fluorinated elastic copolymers containing repeating units based on vinylidene fluoride are inferior in chemical resistance, particularly amine resistance, and cannot be used for applications requiring amine resistance such as engine oil seals.
Tetrafluoroethylene / fluorinated vinyl ether / ethylene copolymers have been studied. However, tetrafluoroethylene / fluorinated vinyl ether / ethylene copolymer has a high volume change rate when immersed in ethylenediamine and has insufficient amine resistance (see Patent Document 3).
Under the above circumstances, a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer having excellent low-temperature characteristics such as sufficient flexibility at low temperatures while maintaining the same heat resistance and chemical resistance as the tetrafluoroethylene / propylene binary copolymer. Development was desired.

特公昭52−29784号公報Japanese Patent Publication No.52-29784 特開昭53−97085号公報JP-A-53-97085 特開平7−286010号公報JP-A-7-286010

本発明の目的は、前述の課題を解決し、低温特性に優れ、しかもテトラフルオロエチレン/プロピレン二元共重合体と同様に優れた耐アミン性や耐エンジンオイル性を有する含フッ素弾性共重合体を提供することである。   The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to be excellent in low temperature characteristics, and in the same way as tetrafluoroethylene / propylene binary copolymer, has excellent amine resistance and engine oil resistance, and a fluorinated elastic copolymer. Is to provide.

本発明は、テトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位を50モル%以上60モル%未満、プロピレンに基づく繰り返し単位を10モル%以上40モル%未満、CH =CHO(CH (CF F(式中、mは2であり、nは5又は6である。)に基づく繰り返し単位を10モル%以上40モル%未満み、ガラス転移温度が−30〜−7℃であることを特徴とする含フッ素弾性共重合体を提供する。
また、本発明は、上記含フッ素弾性共重合体において、前記CH =CHO(CH (CF Fにおけるnが6である含フッ素弾性共重合体を提供する。
The present invention relates to a repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene of 50 mol% to less than 60 mol%, a repeating unit based on propylene of 10 mol% to less than 40 mol%, CH 2 ═CHO (CH 2 ) m (CF 2 ) n F (where, m is 2, n is 5 or 6.) the repeating units based on viewing containing less than 10 mol% to 40 mol%, the glass transition temperature of -30 to-7 ° C. A fluorinated elastic copolymer is provided.
Further, the present invention provides the above elastic fluorocopolymer, providing the CH 2 = CHO (CH 2) m (CF 2) elastic fluorocopolymer n in n F is 6.

本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体は、低温特性、耐アミン性および耐エンジンオイル性に優れる。また、耐熱性、耐薬品性に優れる。   The fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention is excellent in low temperature characteristics, amine resistance and engine oil resistance. In addition, it excels in heat resistance and chemical resistance.

本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体は、テトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位、プロピレンに基づく繰り返し単位、CH =CHO(CH (CF F(式中、mは2であり、nは5又は6である。)に基づく繰り返し単位を含む The fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention has a repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene, a repeating unit based on propylene, CH 2 ═CHO (CH 2 ) m (CF 2 ) n F (wherein m is 2, n is 5 or 6) .

発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体におけるテトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位は50モル%以上60モル%未満である。50モル%未満の場合は、含フッ素弾性共重合体の耐熱性や耐薬品性が充分でなく好ましくない。また、60モル%以上の場合は、含フッ素弾性共重合体の低温特性や成形性が充分でなく好ましくない The repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene in the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention is 50 mol% or more and less than 60 mol%. When it is less than 50 mol%, the heat resistance and chemical resistance of the fluorinated elastic copolymer are not sufficient, which is not preferable. Moreover, when it is 60 mol% or more, the low temperature characteristics and moldability of the fluorinated elastic copolymer are not sufficient, which is not preferable .

本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体におけるプロピレンに基づく繰り返し単位は10モル%以上40モル%未満である。10モル%未満であると、含フッ素弾性共重合体の成形性が充分でなく、40モル%以上であると、含フッ素弾性共重合体の耐熱性や耐薬品性が充分でない
また、本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体におけるCH =CHO(CH (CF F(式中、mは2であり、nは5又は6である。)に基づく繰り返し単位は10モル%以上40モル%未満が好ましい。10モル%未満であると含フッ素弾性共重合体の低温特性が充分低くなく、40モル%以上であると含フッ素弾性共重合体の耐熱性や耐薬品性が充分でない
なお、上記各繰り返し単位の含有割合は、テトラフルオロエチレン、プロピレン及びCH =CHO(CH (CF に基づく繰り返し単位の合計量が100モル%になるように選定される。
The repeating unit based on propylene in the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention is 10 mol% or more and less than 40 mol%. If it is less than 10 mol%, the moldability of the fluorinated elastic copolymer is not sufficient, and if it is 40 mol% or more, the heat resistance and chemical resistance of the fluorinated elastic copolymer are not sufficient .
The repeating unit based on CH 2 ═CHO (CH 2 ) m (CF 2 ) n F (wherein m is 2 and n is 5 or 6) in the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention . Is preferably 10 mol% or more and less than 40 mol%. If it is less than 10 mol%, the low temperature properties of the fluorinated elastic copolymer are not sufficiently low, and if it is 40 mol% or more, the heat resistance and chemical resistance of the fluorinated elastic copolymer are not sufficient .
The content ratio of the respective repeating units, tetrafluoroethylene, the total amount of propylene and CH 2 = CHO (CH 2) m (CF 2) repeating units based on n F is selected to be 100 mol% .

また、本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体は、テトラフルオロエチレン、プロピレン及びCH =CHO(CH (CF に基づく繰り返し単位の他に、これらと共重合可能なコモノマーに基づく繰り返し単位を少量含有してもよい。該コモノマーに基づく繰り返し単位の含有量は、テトラフルオロエチレン、プロピレン及びCH =CHO(CH (CF に基づく繰り返し単位の合計量に対して、5モル%以下が好ましい。該コモノマーの具体例としては、エチレン、イソブチレン、フッ化ビニル、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン、アルキルビニルエーテル、クロロエチルビニルエーテル、クロロトリフルオロエチレン、パーフルオロ(アルキルビニルエーテル)、アクリル酸およびそのアルキルエステル、メタクリル酸およびそのアルキルエステル等が挙げられる。 In addition to the repeating units based on tetrafluoroethylene, propylene, and CH 2 ═CHO (CH 2 ) m (CF 2 ) n F , the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention includes a comonomer copolymerizable therewith. You may contain a small amount of the repeating unit based on. The content of repeating units based on the comonomer is preferably 5 mol% or less with respect to the total amount of repeating units based on tetrafluoroethylene, propylene and CH 2 ═CHO (CH 2 ) m (CF 2 ) n F. Specific examples of the comonomer include ethylene, isobutylene, vinyl fluoride, hexafluoropropylene, alkyl vinyl ether, chloroethyl vinyl ether, chlorotrifluoroethylene, perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether), acrylic acid and its alkyl ester, methacrylic acid and its Examples include alkyl esters.

また、本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体は、上記モノマーに基づく繰り返し単位以外に、架橋基含有モノマーに基づく繰り返し単位を含有してもよい。架橋基としては、炭素−炭素二重結合、ハロゲン原子、酸無水物残基、カルボキシル基、アミノ基、シアノ基、水酸基などが挙げられる。該架橋基含有モノマーの好適な具体例としては、例えば、1−ブロモ−1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエチルトリフルオロビニルエーテル、1−ヨード−1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエチルトリフルオロビニルエーテル、クロトン酸ビニル、メタクリル酸ビニル、無水マレイン酸、無水イタコン酸、マレイン酸、イタコン酸、ヘプタフルオロ−4−ペンテンニトリルなどが挙げられる。架橋基含有モノマーは、1種または2種以上を使用できる。架橋基含有モノマーに基づく繰り返し単位の含有割合の好ましい範囲は、全共重合モノマーに基づく繰り返し単位の合計量に対して、0.001〜5モル%であり、0.01〜3モル%がさらに好ましい。   Moreover, the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention may contain a repeating unit based on a crosslinking group-containing monomer in addition to the repeating unit based on the monomer. Examples of the bridging group include a carbon-carbon double bond, a halogen atom, an acid anhydride residue, a carboxyl group, an amino group, a cyano group, and a hydroxyl group. Preferable specific examples of the crosslinking group-containing monomer include, for example, 1-bromo-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl trifluorovinyl ether, 1-iodo-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl tri Examples include fluorovinyl ether, vinyl crotonic acid, vinyl methacrylate, maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, maleic acid, itaconic acid, heptafluoro-4-pentenenitrile and the like. 1 type (s) or 2 or more types can be used for a crosslinking group containing monomer. The preferable range of the content ratio of the repeating units based on the crosslinkable group-containing monomer is 0.001 to 5 mol% with respect to the total amount of the repeating units based on all copolymerization monomers, and 0.01 to 3 mol% is further added. preferable.

また、一般式RI(式中、Rは炭素数1〜16の飽和のフルオロ炭化水素基、クロロフルオロ炭化水素基または炭素数1〜3の炭化水素基である。)で表されるジヨード化合物の存在下、上記モノマーを共重合させることで、高分子末端にヨウ素原子を導入し、架橋基とすることも可能である。
前記ジヨード化合物の使用量は、全共重合モノマーの合計量に対して0.01〜5モル%が好ましく、0.05〜1モル%がより好ましい。
本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体のガラス転移温度は、−30〜−7℃であり、上限値は−10℃以下がさらに好ましい
Further, (wherein, R is fluoro saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, a chloro-fluoro hydrocarbon group or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.) In formula RI 2 diiodo compound represented by It is also possible to introduce an iodine atom into the polymer terminal to form a crosslinking group by copolymerizing the monomer in the presence of.
0.01-5 mol% is preferable with respect to the total amount of all the copolymerization monomers, and, as for the usage-amount of the said diiodo compound, 0.05-1 mol% is more preferable.
The glass transition temperature of the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention is −30 to −7 ° C. , and the upper limit is more preferably −10 ° C. or lower .

本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体の製造方法としては、塊状重合、懸濁重合、乳化重合、溶液重合などの各種重合方法、あるいは重合開始剤を使用する触媒重合法、電離性放射線重合法、レドックス系重合法などが適用できる。
テトラフルオロエチレン、プロピレン、CH =CHO(CH (CF 、及び必要に応じて使用する他のモノマーの共重合は、上記重合方法を用いて、種々の重合条件下に実施できる。たとえば、パーフルオロアルカンやハイドロフルオロカーボンのようなフッ素系溶媒、第3級ブタノールのようなアルコール溶媒などの有機溶媒中で実施可能であり、この場合には、−40℃〜+150℃の温度で、0.1〜5.0MPaの比較的低い反応圧力が採用可能である。
As a method for producing the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention, various polymerization methods such as bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization and solution polymerization, or catalytic polymerization using a polymerization initiator, ionizing radiation polymerization, A redox polymerization method or the like can be applied.
Copolymerization of tetrafluoroethylene, propylene, CH 2 ═CHO (CH 2 ) m (CF 2 ) n F , and other monomers used as required is carried out under various polymerization conditions using the above polymerization method. Can be implemented. For example, it can be carried out in an organic solvent such as a fluorine-based solvent such as perfluoroalkane or hydrofluorocarbon, or an alcohol solvent such as tertiary butanol. In this case, at a temperature of −40 ° C. to + 150 ° C., A relatively low reaction pressure of 0.1 to 5.0 MPa can be employed.

また、水性媒体を使用して、懸濁重合や乳化重合を適用してもよい。乳化重合は、多フッ素化アルキルカルボン酸及びその塩、多フッ素化アルキルエーテルカルボン酸及びその塩、多フッ素化アルカンスルホン酸及びその塩、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸及びその塩等の分散剤の存在下に水性媒体中で実施することが好ましい。塩としては、アンモニウム塩またはアルカリ金属塩が好ましい。   Further, suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization may be applied using an aqueous medium. Emulsion polymerization is carried out in the presence of a dispersing agent such as polyfluorinated alkyl carboxylic acids and salts thereof, polyfluorinated alkyl ether carboxylic acids and salts thereof, polyfluorinated alkane sulfonic acids and salts thereof, dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid and salts thereof. It is preferably carried out in an aqueous medium. As the salt, an ammonium salt or an alkali metal salt is preferable.

懸濁重合や乳化重合においては、パーフルオロアルカン、ハイドロフルオロカーボン、第3級ブタノールのような媒体を分散安定剤として加えてもよい。
重合開始剤としては、過酸化物、アゾ化合物、過硫酸塩等が好ましい。重合条件としては、温度は0〜100℃が好ましく、10〜85℃がより好ましい。圧力は、0.5〜20MPaが好ましく、1MPa〜10MPaがより好ましい。特に、重合開始剤がレドックス系開始剤の場合には、−20〜+50℃の温度の採用も可能である。さらに、本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体の製造方法は、回分式、判連続式など適宜操作によって実施され得るものであり、目的あるいは採用する重合方式などに応じて、種々の重合条件、重合操作、重合装置などを選定するのが好ましい。
In suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization, a medium such as perfluoroalkane, hydrofluorocarbon, or tertiary butanol may be added as a dispersion stabilizer.
As the polymerization initiator, peroxides, azo compounds, persulfates and the like are preferable. As polymerization conditions, the temperature is preferably 0 to 100 ° C, more preferably 10 to 85 ° C. The pressure is preferably 0.5 to 20 MPa, and more preferably 1 MPa to 10 MPa. In particular, when the polymerization initiator is a redox initiator, a temperature of -20 to + 50 ° C can be employed. Furthermore, the method for producing the fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention can be carried out by appropriate operations such as batch-wise and continuous-type, and various polymerization conditions and polymerization can be performed depending on the purpose or polymerization method employed. It is preferable to select an operation, a polymerization apparatus and the like.

本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体の製造方法において、前記各種重合反応後に、生成した含フッ素弾性共重合体を、適宜手段にて重合媒体から分離する。例えば、乳化重合法においては、重合反応終了後に含フッ素弾性共重合体が分散したラテックスを激しく撹拌したり、電解質を添加することにより凝集する方法、冷凍後遠心分離またはろ過する方法などにより分離することができる。   In the method for producing a fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention, after the various polymerization reactions, the produced fluorinated elastic copolymer is separated from the polymerization medium by an appropriate means. For example, in the emulsion polymerization method, after the polymerization reaction is completed, the latex in which the fluorinated elastic copolymer is dispersed is vigorously stirred or aggregated by adding an electrolyte, or centrifuged or filtered after freezing. be able to.

以上の製造方法によって、透明または白色で、ゴム状弾性を有する含フッ素弾性共重合体が得られる。得られた含フッ素弾性共重合体は、種々の架橋手段、例えば有機過酸化物、アミン化合物、ヒドロキシ化合物等の求核試薬などによって架橋せしめてゴム状架橋体にすることができる。また、γ線、電子線、紫外線のような電離性放射線の照射によって放射線架橋させることも可能である。   By the above production method, a fluorinated elastic copolymer which is transparent or white and has rubber-like elasticity is obtained. The obtained fluorinated elastic copolymer can be crosslinked by various crosslinking means, for example, a nucleophilic reagent such as an organic peroxide, an amine compound, and a hydroxy compound to form a rubber-like crosslinked product. It is also possible to carry out radiation crosslinking by irradiation with ionizing radiation such as γ rays, electron beams and ultraviolet rays.

本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体を、架橋剤の有機過酸化物としては、キュメンハイドロパーオキシド、ジイソプロピルベンゼンハイドロパーオキシド、ジ(第3級ブチル)パーオキシド、第3級ブチルキュミルパーオキシド、ジクミルパーオキシド、第3級ブチルパーオキシアセテート、第3級ブチルパーオキシアセテート、第3級ブチルパーオキシベンゾエートのような有機モノパーオキシ化合物や2,5−ジメチル−2,5−ジ(第3級ブチルパーオキシ)−シン−3、2,5−ジメチルー2,5−ジ(第3級ブチルパーオキシ)−ヘキサン、α,α’−ビス(第3級ブチルパーオキシ)−パラージイソプロピルベンゼン、2,5−ジメチル−2,5−ジ(ベンゾイルパーオキシ)−ヘキサンのような有機ジパーオキシ化合物が好適である。該有機過酸化物は、5分間の半減期を与える温度が100〜200℃が好ましく、130〜190℃がより好ましい。   As the organic peroxide of the cross-linking agent, the fluorine-containing elastic copolymer of the present invention includes cumene hydroperoxide, diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide, di (tertiary butyl) peroxide, tertiary butyl cumyl peroxide, Organic monoperoxy compounds such as dicumyl peroxide, tertiary butyl peroxyacetate, tertiary butyl peroxyacetate, tertiary butyl peroxybenzoate and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (tertiary Butylperoxy) -cin-3,2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (tertiary butylperoxy) -hexane, α, α′-bis (tertiary butylperoxy) -paradiisopropylbenzene, 2 Organic diperoxy compounds such as 1,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (benzoylperoxy) -hexane are preferred . The organic peroxide preferably has a temperature giving a half-life of 5 minutes, preferably from 100 to 200 ° C, more preferably from 130 to 190 ° C.

架橋剤のアミン化合物としては、ヘキサメチレンジアミン、テトラエチレンペンタミン、トリエチレンテトラミン等各種アルキルアミン類、アニリン、ピリジン、ジアミノベンゼン等各種芳香族アミン類およびこれら芳香族のカルバミン酸、シンナミリデン酸等の脂肪族の塩等を用いることができる。
架橋剤のヒドロキシ化合物としては、ヒドロキノン、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールAF、カテコール等の求核的性質を有する試薬類およびそのアルカリ金属塩、アンモニウム塩等を用いることができ、また、これらに、適宜ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール等の直鎖状ポリエーテルや、環状ポリエーテル類を助剤として組み合わせて用いることも可能である。
架橋剤の使用量は、特に限定されることなく適宜選定され得るが、通常は含フッ素弾性共重合体の100質量部に対して0.1〜20質量部、好ましくは1〜10質量部程度である。
Examples of the amine compound for the crosslinking agent include various alkylamines such as hexamethylenediamine, tetraethylenepentamine, and triethylenetetramine, various aromatic amines such as aniline, pyridine, and diaminobenzene, and aromatic carbamic acids and cinnamylidene acids. An aliphatic salt or the like can be used.
As the hydroxy compound of the crosslinking agent, there can be used reagents having nucleophilic properties such as hydroquinone, bisphenol A, bisphenol AF, catechol, and alkali metal salts, ammonium salts thereof, and the like. It is also possible to use linear polyethers such as polypropylene glycol and cyclic polyethers in combination as auxiliary agents.
Although the usage-amount of a crosslinking agent can be suitably selected without being specifically limited, Usually, 0.1-20 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of a fluorine-containing elastic copolymer, Preferably it is about 1-10 mass parts. It is.

かかる含フッ素弾性共重合体の架橋の際、従来より公知の架橋助剤を併用できる。架橋助剤としては、例えば、アリル化合物、イオウ、有機アミン類、マレイミド類、メタクリレート類、ジビニル化合物などが挙げられる。好ましくは、フタル酸ジアリル、トリアリルリン酸、シアヌル酸トリアリル、イソシアヌル酸トリアリル、ジアリルメラミンのような有機アリル化合物、パラーベンゾキノンジオキシム、p,p’―ジベンゾイルベンゾキノンジオキシムなどのオキシム化合物等が用いられ、特に有機アリル化合物がより好ましい。かかる架橋助剤の添加量は、含フッ素弾性共重合体の100質量部に対して、0.1〜20質量部、好ましくは0.2〜10質量部程度が採用される。   When such a fluorinated elastic copolymer is crosslinked, a conventionally known crosslinking aid can be used in combination. Examples of the crosslinking aid include allyl compounds, sulfur, organic amines, maleimides, methacrylates, divinyl compounds and the like. Preferably, organic allyl compounds such as diallyl phthalate, triallyl phosphate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, diallyl melamine, oxime compounds such as para-benzoquinone dioxime, p, p'-dibenzoylbenzoquinone dioxime, etc. are used. In particular, an organic allyl compound is more preferable. The amount of the crosslinking aid added is 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, preferably about 0.2 to 10 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fluorinated elastic copolymer.

その他に、従来の架橋方法などで通常使用される種々の添加剤も、含フッ素弾性共重合体の架橋の際に配合できる。これらの添加剤としては、酸化マグネシウム、酸化鉛等の金属酸化物、カーボンブラック、ファインシリカ等の補強剤、その他の充填剤、顔料、酸化防止剤、安定剤などが挙げられる。
含フッ素弾性共重合体に前記の種々の添加剤を配合する場合、架橋剤、架橋助剤、その他の添加剤を原料含フッ素弾性共重合体と充分均一に混合することが好ましい。この混合は、従来より通常使用されているゴム混練用ロールまたはバンバリーミキサー等によって行われる。混合時の作業条件は特に限定されないが、通常は30〜80℃程度の温度で約10〜60分間混練することによって、添加配合物を含フッ素エラストマー中に充分分散混合させることができる。混合時の作業条件や操作は、使用原料及び配合剤の種類や目的に応じて最適条件を選定して行うのが望ましい。
In addition, various additives usually used in the conventional crosslinking method and the like can be blended when the fluorinated elastic copolymer is crosslinked. Examples of these additives include metal oxides such as magnesium oxide and lead oxide, reinforcing agents such as carbon black and fine silica, other fillers, pigments, antioxidants, and stabilizers.
When blending the above-mentioned various additives into the fluorinated elastic copolymer, it is preferable to sufficiently uniformly mix the crosslinking agent, the crosslinking aid and other additives with the raw material fluorinated elastic copolymer. This mixing is performed by a rubber kneading roll or a Banbury mixer that has been conventionally used. Although the working conditions at the time of mixing are not particularly limited, the additive compound can be sufficiently dispersed and mixed in the fluorine-containing elastomer by kneading usually at a temperature of about 30 to 80 ° C. for about 10 to 60 minutes. The working conditions and operations during mixing are preferably performed by selecting optimum conditions according to the types and purposes of the raw materials and compounding agents used.

架橋剤による加熱架橋の操作は、従来より通常使用されている操作を採用することができる。例えば、成形型中で加圧しながら加熱する操作が採用され、また押出あるいは射出成形法などで成形したのちに、加熱炉中で加熱する操作を採用することができる。加熱架橋時の条件等は、使用原料や配合に応じて最適条件を選定して行うのが望ましい。加熱架橋時の温度は、通常80〜250℃、好ましくは150〜200℃が採用される。また、加熱時間は特に限定されないが、架橋剤や成形の目的に応じて1分〜3時間の範囲であり、好ましくは5分〜1時間の範囲内で選定される。加熱温度を高くすれば加熱時間を短縮することができる。なお、得られる架橋共重合体の再加熱処理も採用可能であり、物理的性質の向上に役立つものである。例えば、150〜250℃、好ましくは180〜230℃の温度で、15〜25時間の再加熱処理が採用される。再加熱処理は、2次架橋とも呼ばれる。
放射線架橋において、放射線の照射量は適宜選定すればよいが、例えば、電子線照射における照射量は、0.1〜30Mradが好ましく、1〜20Mradがより好ましい。
As the operation of the heat crosslinking with the crosslinking agent, a conventionally used operation can be employed. For example, an operation of heating while pressing in a mold is employed, and an operation of heating in a heating furnace after molding by extrusion or injection molding can be employed. It is desirable to select the optimum conditions according to the raw materials used and the blending conditions, etc. at the time of heat crosslinking. The temperature at the time of heat crosslinking is usually 80 to 250 ° C, preferably 150 to 200 ° C. Moreover, although heating time is not specifically limited, It is the range of 1 minute-3 hours according to a crosslinking agent and the objective of shaping | molding, Preferably it is selected within the range of 5 minutes-1 hour. If the heating temperature is increased, the heating time can be shortened. In addition, the reheating process of the obtained crosslinked copolymer can also be employ | adopted and it is useful for the improvement of a physical property. For example, a reheating treatment of 15 to 25 hours is employed at a temperature of 150 to 250 ° C., preferably 180 to 230 ° C. The reheating treatment is also called secondary crosslinking.
In radiation crosslinking, the radiation dose may be appropriately selected. For example, the radiation dose in electron beam irradiation is preferably 0.1 to 30 Mrad, and more preferably 1 to 20 Mrad.

以下に本発明を、実施例および比較例を挙げてさらに具体的に説明するが、これらの例は、本発明を限定するものではない。
含フッ素弾性共重合体の共重合組成は、フッ素元素分析およびNMRにより求めた。ガラス転移温度はDSCにより10℃/分で昇温して求めた。分解温度はTG−DTAにより、空気雰囲気中10℃/分で昇温して止めた。
The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples. However, these examples do not limit the present invention.
The copolymer composition of the fluorinated elastic copolymer was determined by elemental fluorine analysis and NMR. The glass transition temperature was determined by heating at 10 ° C./min by DSC. The decomposition temperature was stopped by TG-DTA by raising the temperature at 10 ° C./min in an air atmosphere.

[実施例1]
撹拌装置のついた1000ml反応容器に脱塩水の517g、第3級ブタノールの61g、水酸化ナトリウムの0.2g、過硫酸アンモニウムの3.0g、リン酸水素二ナトリウム12水和物の12g、CFCFOCFCFOCFCOONHの30質量%水溶液の9.15g、エチレンジアミン四酢酸の0.11g、CH=CHOCHCHCFCFCFCFCFCFの15.6gを仕込み、密閉して液体窒素にて仕込み液を凍結させて真空に減圧した。つぎにテトラフルオロエチレンの72gおよびプロピレンの3.0gを仕込み、反応容器内を25℃に昇温させ、撹拌回転数300rpmで撹拌させた。反応容器の圧力は2.3MPaであった。ヒドロキシメタンスルフィン酸ナトリウム(ロンガリット)の0.6g、水酸化ナトリウムの0.32gを脱塩水の50gに溶かした溶液の1cmを窒素を用いて圧入して重合を開始させ、反応容器内の温度を25℃に保持した。重合開始後30分後に未反応モノマーをパージして反応容器内を常圧に戻し、内容物を取り出した。取り出した内容物を−40℃で凍結させた後、解凍させ、凝集した含フッ素弾性共重合体1をろ過分離後、脱塩水で3回洗浄した。その後、60℃で一晩真空乾燥させ、含フッ素弾性共重合体1の20.6gが得られた。この含フッ素弾性共重合体1の共重合組成は、テトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位/プロピレンに基づく繰り返し単位/CH=CHOCHCHCFCFCFCFCFCFに基づく繰り返し単位=53/30/17(モル比)であった。含フッ素弾性共重合体1のガラス転移温度は−10.8℃であり、耐熱性の尺度である10%質量減少温度は417℃であった。エチレンジアミンに室温で52時間浸漬した後の質量増加率は1.1%であり、エンジンオイル(XF08)に150℃で52時間浸漬した後の質量増加率は0.5%であった。このように、含フッ素弾性共重合体1は、優れた低温特性、耐熱性、耐アミン性、耐エンジンオイル性を示した。
[Example 1]
In a 1000 ml reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, 517 g of demineralized water, 61 g of tertiary butanol, 0.2 g of sodium hydroxide, 3.0 g of ammonium persulfate, 12 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate 12 hydrate, CF 3 9.15 g of a 30 wt% aqueous solution of CF 2 OCF 2 CF 2 OCF 2 COONH 4 , 0.11 g of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, CH 2 ═CHOCH 2 CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3 . 6 g was charged, sealed, and the charged solution was frozen with liquid nitrogen, and the pressure was reduced to vacuum. Next, 72 g of tetrafluoroethylene and 3.0 g of propylene were charged, the inside of the reaction vessel was heated to 25 ° C., and stirred at a stirring speed of 300 rpm. The pressure in the reaction vessel was 2.3 MPa. Polymerization was started by injecting 1 cm 3 of a solution of 0.6 g of sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate (Longalite) and 0.32 g of sodium hydroxide in 50 g of demineralized water using nitrogen, and the temperature inside the reaction vessel Was kept at 25 ° C. After 30 minutes from the start of polymerization, unreacted monomers were purged to return the reaction vessel to normal pressure, and the contents were taken out. The taken out contents were frozen at −40 ° C., thawed, and the aggregated fluorinated elastic copolymer 1 was separated by filtration and washed with demineralized water three times. Then, it was made to vacuum-dry at 60 degreeC overnight, and 20.6g of the fluorinated elastic copolymer 1 was obtained. The copolymer composition of this fluorinated elastic copolymer 1 is a repeating unit based on repeating units based on tetrafluoroethylene / repeating units based on propylene / CH 2 = CHOCH 2 CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3. The unit was 53/30/17 (molar ratio). The glass transition temperature of the fluorinated elastic copolymer 1 was −10.8 ° C., and the 10% mass reduction temperature, which is a measure of heat resistance, was 417 ° C. The mass increase rate after being immersed in ethylenediamine at room temperature for 52 hours was 1.1%, and the mass increase rate after being immersed in engine oil (XF08) at 150 ° C. for 52 hours was 0.5%. Thus, the fluorinated elastic copolymer 1 exhibited excellent low temperature characteristics, heat resistance, amine resistance, and engine oil resistance.

[実施例2]
CH=CHOCHCHCFCFCFCFCFCFの7.8g、プロピレンの4.2gを仕込んだ以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行い、含フッ素弾性共重合体2の8.7gが得られた。この含フッ素弾性共重合体2の共重合組成は、テトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位/プロピレンに基づく繰り返し単位/CH=CHOCHCHCFCFCFCFCFCFに基づく繰り返し単位=50/39/11(モル比)であった。含フッ素弾性共重合体2のガラス転移温度は−4.5℃、10%質量減少温度が396℃であった。エチレンジアミンに室温で52時間浸漬した後の質量増加率は1.0%であり、エンジンオイル(XF08)に150℃で52時間浸漬した後の質量増加率は−0.3%であった。
[Example 2]
Fluorine-containing elastic copolymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 7.8 g of CH 2 = CHOCH 2 CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3 and 4.2 g of propylene were charged. 8.7 g of 2 was obtained. The copolymer composition of this fluorinated elastic copolymer 2 is a repeating unit based on repeating units based on tetrafluoroethylene / repeating units based on propylene / CH 2 = CHOCH 2 CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3. The unit was 50/39/11 (molar ratio). The glass transition temperature of the fluorinated elastic copolymer 2 was -4.5 ° C, and the 10% mass reduction temperature was 396 ° C. The mass increase rate after being immersed in ethylenediamine at room temperature for 52 hours was 1.0%, and the mass increase rate after being immersed in engine oil (XF08) at 150 ° C. for 52 hours was −0.3%.

[実施例3]
CH=CHOCHCHCFCFCFCFCFCFの41.3g、プロピレンの0.9gを仕込んだ以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行い、含フッ素弾性共重合体3の6.4gが得られた。この含フッ素弾性共重合体3の共重合組成は、テトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位/プロピレンに基づく繰り返し単位/CH=CHOCHCHCFCFCFCFCFCFに基づく繰り返し単位=51/14/35(モル比)であった。含フッ素弾性共重合体3のガラス転移温度は−23.0℃、10%質量減少温度が389℃であった。エチレンジアミンに室温で52時間浸漬した後の質量増加率は1.2%であり、エンジンオイル(XF08)に150℃で52時間浸漬した後の質量増加率は0.4%であった。
[Example 3]
Fluorine-containing elastic copolymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 41.3 g of CH 2 = CHOCH 2 CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3 and 0.9 g of propylene were charged. 6.4 g of 3 was obtained. The copolymer composition of the fluorinated elastic copolymer 3 is a repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene-based repeating units / propylene-based repeating units / CH 2 = CHOCH 2 CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3. The unit was 51/14/35 (molar ratio). The glass transition temperature of the fluorinated elastic copolymer 3 was -23.0 ° C, and the 10% mass reduction temperature was 389 ° C. The mass increase rate after being immersed in ethylenediamine at room temperature for 52 hours was 1.2%, and the mass increase rate after being immersed in engine oil (XF08) at 150 ° C. for 52 hours was 0.4%.

[比較例1]
実施例1において、CH=CHOCHCHCFCFCFCFCFCFのかわりにノルマルブチルビニルエーテルの3.9gを仕込んだ以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行い、含フッ素弾性共重合体4の17.2gが得られた。この含フッ素弾性共重合体4の共重合組成は、テトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位/プロピレンに基づく繰り返し単位/ノルマルブチルビニルエーテルに基づく繰り返し単位=65/17/18(モル比)であった。含フッ素弾性共重合体4のガラス転移温度は−16℃、10%質量減少温度が330℃であった。エチレンジアミンに室温で52時間浸漬した後の質量増加率は1.9%であり、エンジンオイル(XF08)に150℃で52時間浸漬した後の質量増加率は13.6%であった。含フッ素弾性共重合体4は、低温特性及び耐アミン性は優れているが、耐熱性、耐エンジンオイル性は充分でなかった。
[Comparative Example 1]
In Example 1, CH 2 = CHOCH 2 CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 except that charged in place of CF 3 to 3.9g of n-butyl vinyl ether performs the same procedures as in Example 1, containing 17.2 g of fluoroelastic copolymer 4 was obtained. The copolymer composition of this fluorinated elastic copolymer 4 was a repeating unit based on tetrafluoroethylene / a repeating unit based on propylene / a repeating unit based on normal butyl vinyl ether = 65/17/18 (molar ratio). The glass transition temperature of the fluorinated elastic copolymer 4 was −16 ° C., and the 10% mass reduction temperature was 330 ° C. The mass increase rate after being immersed in ethylenediamine at room temperature for 52 hours was 1.9%, and the mass increase rate after being immersed in engine oil (XF08) at 150 ° C. for 52 hours was 13.6%. The fluorinated elastic copolymer 4 was excellent in low temperature characteristics and amine resistance, but was insufficient in heat resistance and engine oil resistance.

[比較例2]
実施例1において、CH=CHOCHCHCFCFCFCFCFCFの2.0g、プロピレンの4.6gを仕込んだ以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行い、含フッ素弾性共重合体5の8.7gが得られた。この含フッ素弾性共重合体5の共重合組成は、テトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位/プロピレンに基づく繰り返し単位/CH=CHOCHCHCFCFCFCFCFCFに基づく繰り返し単位=53/44/3(モル比)であった。含フッ素弾性共重合体5のガラス転移温度は−0.2℃、10%質量減少温度が411℃であった。ガラス転移温度が高く、低温特性が不十分であった。
[Comparative Example 2]
In Example 1, CH 2 = CHOCH 2 CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3 of 2.0 g, except that charged with 4.6g of propylene carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, containing 8.7 g of fluoroelastic copolymer 5 was obtained. The copolymer composition of the fluorinated elastic copolymer 5 is a repeating unit based on repeating units based on tetrafluoroethylene / repeating units based on propylene / CH 2 = CHOCH 2 CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 3. The unit was 53/44/3 (molar ratio). The glass transition temperature of the fluorinated elastic copolymer 5 was −0.2 ° C., and the 10% mass reduction temperature was 411 ° C. The glass transition temperature was high and the low temperature characteristics were insufficient.

[比較例3]
フッ化ビニリデン/テトラフルオロエチレン/ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体であるダイエルG−902をエチレンジアミンに室温で24時間浸漬したところ、試料が劣化して、形が崩れて質量増加率の測定が不可能であった。エンジンオイル(XF08)に150℃で24時間浸漬した後の質量増加率は0.2%であった。
[Comparative Example 3]
When Daiel G-902, which is a vinylidene fluoride / tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer, was immersed in ethylenediamine at room temperature for 24 hours, the sample deteriorated and the shape was lost, making it impossible to measure the rate of mass increase. there were. The mass increase rate after being immersed in engine oil (XF08) at 150 ° C. for 24 hours was 0.2%.

本発明の含フッ素弾性共重合体は、耐熱性、耐薬品性、特に耐アミン性、耐エンジンオイル性に優れるとともに低温特性に優れているので、その架橋体は広範囲の使用条件下でゴム弾性が要求される各種用途に利用できる。例えば、自動車、船舶、航空機等輸送機関における耐油、耐薬品、耐熱パッキング、オーリングその他のシール材、ダイヤフラム、バルブ、また化学プラントにおける同様のパッキング、オーリング、シール材、ダイヤフラム、バルブ、ホース、ロール、チューブ、耐酸コーティング、ライニングなどとして有用である。また、パイプ状、棒状成形物などにも成形加工できる。また、フィルム状またはテープ状の成形物に一次加工して、これを積層、貼付、巻付などの二次加工によってさらに成形加工することなども可能である。   The fluorinated elastic copolymer of the present invention is excellent in heat resistance, chemical resistance, particularly amine resistance, engine oil resistance and low temperature characteristics. Can be used for various applications that require For example, oil-resistant, chemical-resistant, heat-resistant packing, O-rings and other sealing materials, diaphragms, valves, and similar packings, O-rings, sealing materials, diaphragms, valves, hoses in chemical plants. Useful as rolls, tubes, acid resistant coatings, linings, etc. Further, it can be molded into a pipe-shaped or rod-shaped molded product. It is also possible to perform primary processing into a film-like or tape-like molded product and further perform molding processing by secondary processing such as lamination, sticking, winding, and the like.

Claims (2)

テトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位を50モル%以上60モル%未満、プロピレンに基づく繰り返し単位を10モル%以上40モル%未満、CH =CHO(CH (CF F(式中、mは2であり、nは5又は6である。)に基づく繰り返し単位を10モル%以上40モル%未満み、ガラス転移温度が−30〜−7℃であることを特徴とする含フッ素弾性共重合体。 50 mol% or more and less than 60 mol% of repeating units based on tetrafluoroethylene, 10 mol% or more and less than 40 mol% of repeating units based on propylene, CH 2 ═CHO (CH 2 ) m (CF 2 ) n F (in the formula , m is 2, n is 5 or 6. repeating units based on) viewed contains less than 10 mol% to 40 mol%, including, wherein the glass transition temperature of -30 to-7 ° C. Fluoroelastic copolymer. 前記CH =CHO(CH (CF Fにおけるnが6である請求項1に記載の含フッ素弾性共重合体。 The CH 2 = CHO (CH 2) m (CF 2) elastic fluorocopolymer according to Claim 1 n at n F is 6.
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