JP5400441B2 - Cogeneration system and its control device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cogeneration system and a control device thereof. In particular, in a power receiving space (power receiving building) that has a plurality of sections that consume power, and that can receive the power received from the power system to each section through internal wiring (wiring in the power receiving space) The present invention relates to a cogeneration system including a power generation unit in two or more of the compartments and a control device thereof.

  The cogeneration system is configured to supply the generated power of the generator unit and the exhaust heat generated at the time of power generation. In recent years, the cogeneration system has been introduced into apartment buildings and the like from the viewpoint of energy saving. The apartment house here has a plurality of sections that consume power and a common part, and the received power from the power system is connected to each section and the above-mentioned via wiring in the building (corresponding to wiring in the receiving space). It is mentioned as an example of the power receiving space configured to be able to supply to the common unit.

  When a cogeneration system is introduced into one or more dwelling units constituting an apartment house, it is a condition that no reverse current flows outside the apartment house. At this time, since it is sufficient that no reverse power flow occurs outside the housing complex, reverse flow from the dwelling unit side where the cogeneration system is installed to the in-building wiring is practically allowed as long as the conditions are satisfied. By using this point, when the power demand in the dwelling unit where the cogeneration system is installed is lower than the generated power, that is, when surplus power in the dwelling unit is generated, the total generated power in the entire apartment is The applicant has already filed an application regarding a system that uses this surplus power in the dwelling unit for power supply to the common part and other dwelling units via the in-building wiring within a range not exceeding the demand power (see below). Patent Document 1).

  In the system described in Patent Document 1, when surplus power is generated in the building, the excess power in each dwelling unit is consumed by the electric heater in the cogeneration system in each dwelling unit, so that the reverse power flow to the outside of the building is prevented. Control is performed so as not to occur.

  By the way, since the cogeneration system has a power generation unit, there is a high demand for the system installer to use it as an emergency power source in the event of a system power failure. However, when the cogeneration system is stopped at the time of a system power failure, it is not possible to procure electric power for starting the engine from the system. Therefore, in order to operate the cogeneration system in the event of an emergency, the power generation unit with a built-in storage battery in the cogeneration system can be attached to and detached from the main body, and a technology that can add a self-sustaining power generation function in the event of a power failure is provided according to needs (See Patent Document 2).

JP 2007-71033 A JP 2008-228543 A

  However, in view of introducing the technology of Patent Document 2 into a housing complex, it is necessary to introduce a storage battery for each dwelling unit (section). For this reason, if it sees in the whole collective housing (power receiving space), introduction cost will rise sharply. It is also necessary to secure a storage battery installation space for each dwelling unit (section).

  In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a cogeneration system capable of functioning as an emergency power source in the event of a power failure and a control device thereof without introducing a storage battery for each section in which the cogeneration system is installed. With the goal.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a plurality of sections that consume electric power, and is configured to be able to supply received power from a power system to each of the sections via wiring in the receiving space. , A control device for a cogeneration system including a power generation unit in two or more of the sections, storing a part of the received power from the power system, and supplying the stored power to the wiring in the receiving space And a power failure control unit that performs connection control between the power load in each section and the wiring in the power receiving space, and output control of the power generation unit. When recognizing that the power system is in a power failure state, the power system includes a first operation for releasing the connection between the power load in each section and the wiring in the power receiving space, and then the power generation unit in a stopped state. Before After selecting a section and connecting the power load including the starting load of the power generation unit in the selected section and the wiring in the power receiving space, the stored power of the power storage unit is connected to the wiring in the power receiving space A second operation for giving a start instruction to the power generation unit in a state of being output to the power generation unit, and after the power generation unit is started in the section selected in the second operation, the surplus power of the power generation unit is The electric power including the load for starting the power generation unit in the newly selected section, by selecting one or more other sections including the power generation unit in a stopped state in a state of being output to the power receiving space wiring After connecting the load and the wiring in the power receiving space, a third operation for giving a start instruction to the power generation unit is performed.

  With this configuration, after a power failure, first, the stored power from the power storage unit is supplied to the starting load of the power generation unit in the section selected in the second operation via the power receiving space wiring. . Thereby, the power generation unit in the same section is secured in a startable state.

  Under this state, a start instruction is given to the power generation units in the same section. That is, the power generation unit in the section selected by the second operation can be started by the second operation.

  Further, after the power generation unit in the section selected in the second operation is started, the starting load of the power generation unit in another section and the wiring in the power receiving space are connected. At this time, since the power generation units in the section selected in the second operation have already started power generation, the power generated by this power generation is sent to the power receiving space wiring. In other words, the generated power of the power generation unit in the section selected in the second operation is supplied to the starting load of the power generation unit in the section selected in the third operation via the power receiving space wiring.

  Then, under this state, a start instruction is given to the power generation units in the section selected in the third operation. That is, the power generation unit in the section selected in the third operation can be started by the third operation.

  Here, it is important that when the power generation unit in the section selected in the third operation is started, the generated power from the power generation unit in the section selected in the second operation can be used. It is. That is, when executing the third operation, it is not always necessary to use the stored power from the power storage unit. Therefore, when starting the power generation unit in the event of a power failure, it is not necessary to provide a storage battery for each section, and the storage capacity to be provided in the control device also starts the power generation unit in the section selected in the second operation. It is only necessary to secure a minimum amount of electric power required for the starting load.

The control apparatus according to the present invention, in addition to the above features, the power failure control unit, the rear end of the third operation, after the start of the power generation unit in a selected said compartments just before, the power generating unit In a state in which the surplus power is output to the wiring in the receiving space, one or more other sections including the stopped power generation unit are selected, and the power generation unit in the newly selected section is started After connecting the power load including the load for use and the wiring in the power receiving space, a fourth operation for giving a start instruction to the power generation unit is sequentially executed once or a plurality of times.

  According to the above feature of the control device of the present invention, it is possible to sequentially start not only the section selected in the second operation and the third operation but also the power generation units in the section selected thereafter. That is, by repeating this operation, the power generation unit can be started in all the sections including the power generation unit.

  Therefore, the power generation output in the power receiving space can be secured to a certain degree by executing the fourth operation a predetermined number of times or more. Therefore, after that, the power failure control unit connects the power receiving space wiring and the power load in one or more of the sections not having the power generation unit, thereby generating power via the power receiving space wiring. Electric power can be supplied to a section that does not have a unit (cogeneration system). Further, in the case where a shared unit that can supply the received power from the power system through the wiring in the power receiving space is configured in the power receiving space, the fourth operation is performed a predetermined number of times or more, When the power failure control unit connects the power receiving space wiring and the shared unit, a part of the generated power can be supplied to the shared unit via the power receiving space wiring. That is, even during a power failure, power can be supplied to a power load or a common unit in a section that does not have a power generation unit.

  In addition, when the operation of all the power generation units in the power receiving space is started by the execution of the third operation, the power failure time control unit and the common unit in the power receiving space after the third operation is finished. Or it is good also as a structure which connects the said electric power load in the one or more said division which does not have the said electric power generation unit. Also in this case, as in the case described above, it is possible to supply power to a power load or a common unit in a section that does not have a power generation unit at the time of a power failure.

  Further, in addition to the above characteristics, the control device according to the present invention selects, in the second operation, the one or more sections including the power generation unit in a stopped state in the second operation, and the selected After connecting the priority load including at least the load for starting the power generation unit in the section and the wiring in the power receiving space in the section, the stored power of the power storage unit is connected to the wiring in the power receiving space In the third operation, the power generation unit is in a stopped state after the power generation unit is started in the section selected in the second operation. Selecting one or more other sections, connecting the priority load in the newly selected section and the wiring in the space, and then giving a start instruction to the power generation unit; And butterflies.

  In such a configuration, power is supplied only to the priority load including the starting load in the event of a power failure. Even when power is consumed in step S2, it is possible to reliably generate surplus power. Therefore, the power generation unit in another section can be started based on this surplus power, and the certainty of power interchange in the power receiving space at the time of a power failure can be improved.

Further, the present invention includes a plurality of sections that consume power, and the one or more of the power receiving spaces in the power receiving space configured to be able to supply received power from the power system to each of the sections via the wiring in the power receiving space. It is a cogeneration system provided with a power generation unit in a section, and when the power system shifts from an energized state to a power outage state, first, the connection between the power load in each section and the wiring in the receiving space is opened, Next, after the one or more sections including the power generation unit in a stopped state are selected, the power load including the starting load of the power generation unit in the selected section is connected to the power receiving space wiring, in a state where the stored power partially obtained by being energy storage of received power upon energization of the electric power system is supplied to the power receiving space lines, as well as starting the power generating unit, the surplus of the power generation unit A state in which force is outputted in said receiving space lines, then, are selected another of said compartments of said more than a comprising a power generation unit of the stopped state, starting the load of the power generation units in the compartments selected After connecting the power load including the wiring in the power receiving space, the power generation unit is started , surplus power of the power generation unit is output to the wiring in the power receiving space, and then in the stopped state One or more other sections including the power generation unit are selected, and after connecting the power load including the starting load of the power generation unit in the selected section and the wiring in the receiving space, the power generation unit is In addition to starting, the operation of setting the surplus power of the power generation unit to be output to the wiring in the receiving space is sequentially executed once or a plurality of times .

  According to the cogeneration system and its control device of the present invention, it is possible to function as an emergency power source in the event of a power failure without introducing a storage battery for each section where the system is installed. Thereby, the installation space of the storage battery required in each section becomes unnecessary, and furthermore, since the number of storage batteries required in the entire power receiving space (power receiving building) is reduced, the introduction cost can be greatly reduced.

The conceptual block diagram which shows the structure of the housing complex in which the cogeneration system which concerns on this invention, and its control apparatus were introduce | transduced A conceptual block diagram showing the power supply status of an apartment house during a power outage A conceptual block diagram showing a state where power is supplied to the first priority dwelling unit during a power failure A conceptual block diagram showing a state in which a start instruction is given to the cogeneration system of the first priority dwelling unit during a power failure A conceptual block diagram showing a state in which power is supplied to the second priority dwelling unit during a power failure A conceptual block diagram showing a state in which a start instruction is given to the cogeneration system of the second priority dwelling unit during a power failure Conceptual block diagram in a state where the cogeneration system of another preferred unit was started after the cogeneration system of the second preferred unit was started at the time of a power failure Conceptual block diagram showing a state where power is supplied to a dwelling unit that does not have a shared load and cogeneration system at the time of a power failure

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

  FIG. 1 is a conceptual block diagram showing the configuration of an apartment house in which a cogeneration system and a control device thereof according to the present invention are introduced. In addition, in this embodiment, although it demonstrates taking the case of the collective housing (power receiving ridge) which has several dwelling units as an example, it is not restricted to a collective housing as a target which introduces a cogeneration system, A power receiving space having a plurality of sections that consume power and configured to be able to supply received power from the power system to the respective sections via internal wiring (wiring within the power receiving space) is a target.

  In response to this, in the following embodiments, the power receiving space is appropriately expressed as “power receiving building” or simply “building”. For example, “inside the building” corresponds to the inside of the power receiving space, and “outside the building” corresponds to outside the power receiving space. Further, “in-building wiring” corresponds to wiring in the receiving space (wiring in receiving space), and “outside building reverse flow avoidance signal” described later corresponds to “outside receiving space reverse flow avoidance signal”.

  The apartment house 1 receives electric power from the electric power system 50 and is lowered to a commercial voltage by the transformer 13 in the electric room 2, and each dwelling unit (20 a, 20 b, 20 c, 20 d) is connected via the building wiring 60. ,...) And the common unit 51 are supplied with power.

  In the present embodiment, it is assumed that some of the dwelling units in the apartment house 1 do not have a cogeneration system introduced. In the example of FIG. 1, the dwelling units 20a, 20b, and 20c have a cogeneration system introduced therein, and the dwelling unit 20d has no cogeneration system introduced. Below, the dwelling unit in which the cogeneration system is introduced is collectively referred to as “dwelling unit 20X”, the dwelling unit in which the cogeneration system is not introduced is collectively referred to as “dwelling unit 20Y”, and when these are collectively referred to as “dwelling unit 20”. . In addition, when components related to a dwelling unit where a cogeneration system has been introduced are described in a lump, an “X” will be added to the end of the reference symbol, and the dwelling unit where a cogeneration system has not been introduced will be related. When the components are described collectively, “Y” may be added to the end of the reference numerals.

  In the electrical room 2, a centralized RPR 3 including a reverse power relay is installed to detect whether a reverse power flow (hereinafter referred to as “off-building reverse power flow”) from the apartment house 1 to the power system 50 has occurred. ing. When the concentrated RPR 3 detects the occurrence of the reverse flow outside the building, the concentrated RPR 3 outputs a “outside building reverse flow avoidance signal” (corresponding to the reverse flow avoidance signal outside the power receiving space) indicating that fact. The out-of-building reverse power flow avoidance signal is transmitted to each dwelling unit 20X in which the cogeneration system 30 is introduced, thereby stopping the power generation output of the power generation unit in each system. By stopping the power generation output of the power generation unit, there is no surplus power and reverse power flow outside the building is avoided.

  Each dwelling unit 20 is supplied with power received from the power system 50 via the in-building wiring 60, and the power drawn into the dwelling unit 20 by the connection control unit 40 (40a, 40b, 40c, 40d,...). , Supplied to the power load in the dwelling unit.

  The dwelling unit 20a will be described as an example. The dwelling unit 20a is provided with a cogeneration system 30a. The cogeneration system 30a includes a power generation unit 31a, a start load 33a for starting the power generation unit, and a control unit 34a for controlling the system. The starting load 33a includes auxiliary equipment and other devices.

  The dwelling unit 20a has a priority load 41a composed of a part of the power load 32a other than the cogeneration system 30a and a general load 42a composed of other power loads, and the connection control unit 40a. The electric power from the building wiring 60 can be supplied to both loads (41a, 42a) via the. The connection control unit 40a is configured to be able to control the connection between the building wiring 60 and the priority load 41a and the connection between the building wiring 60 and the general load 42a. Usually, the in-building wiring 60 and both loads 41a, 42a are connected by the connection control unit 40a, and the electric power from the in-building wiring 60 is supplied to both the loads 41a, 42a.

  Here, the priority load 41a refers to a load that needs to be preferentially supplied with power during a power failure. On the other hand, the general load 42a refers to all power loads other than the priority load 41a in the dwelling unit 20a. The priority load 41a includes a load (starting load 33a) necessary for starting the cogeneration system 30a. In the present embodiment, the priority load 41a further includes a load (32a) other than the starting load. . However, the power consumption of the power load 32a is assumed to be sufficiently smaller than the power generated by the power generation unit 31a. More specifically, the generated power of the power generation unit 31a is P1, the power consumption of the priority load 41a including the power load 32a is P2, and the power consumption required to start the power generation unit of another dwelling unit (20b, etc.) is Pa. Then, P2 <P1-Pa. That is, when the power generation unit 31a generates power, if the generated power is supplied to the priority load 41a, surplus power is further generated, and this surplus power is consumed to start another power generation unit. It is more than electric power. In other words, the priority load 41a is set to a load that is highly required to supply power even during a power failure, and is examined so that its power consumption does not increase more than necessary.

  Further, when the power generation unit 31a generates power, the generated power is supplied to the power load in the dwelling unit 20a, and if surplus power is present, a reverse power flow is performed on the internal wiring 60 side (hereinafter referred to as “internal reverse power flow”). Called). In the dwelling unit 20a shown in FIG. 1, the direction of the tidal current in the case where the reverse tidal current is generated is indicated by arrows. In addition, the dwelling unit 20c shows the tidal current state by the arrow when the reverse power flow in the building is generated as in 20a, and the power flow 20b shows the power flow state when the power generation unit 31b is not operating and is receiving power from the wiring 60 in the building. Moreover, since the dwelling unit 20d does not have a cogeneration system, power is naturally supplied from the building wiring 60.

  In FIG. 1, “a” is added to the end of the reference numerals for components related to the dwelling unit 20 a. Similarly, “b”, “c”, and “d” are added to the end of the reference numerals of the components related to the dwelling units 20b, 20c, and 20d, respectively. In addition, constituent elements corresponding to each dwelling unit have the same reference numerals other than the end, and in the following, when the constituent elements are collectively described, description will be made using reference numerals with the end deleted. For example, the “cogeneration system 30” refers to the cogeneration systems 30a, 30b, and 30c installed in each dwelling unit 20a, 20b, 20c,. Similarly, the priority load in each dwelling unit is called “priority load 41”, and the general load is called “general load 42”.

  The electric power load in each dwelling unit 20 is divided into a priority load 41 and a general load 42, and each is connected to the building wiring 60 via the connection control unit 40. Then, the connection control unit 40 controls the connection between the building wiring 60 and the priority load 41 and between the building wiring 60 and the general load 42 by a connection control signal transmitted from the power failure control unit 4 described later. .

  In the electrical room 2, in addition to the centralized RPR 3 and the transformer 13 described above, a control device 6 for controlling power supply in the apartment house 1 is provided. The control device 6 includes a power failure control unit 4 and a power storage unit 5.

  The power failure control unit 4 includes a connection control unit 40 installed in each dwelling unit 20, a switch 52 installed in the common unit 51, and a cogeneration system 30 installed in each dwelling unit 20X when the power system 50 is out of power. To control. The power storage unit 5 includes a storage battery 11 and an inverter 12 and is provided to store a part of the received power from the power system 50 in a normal time when the power system 50 is not out of power. Specifically, the inverter 12 is formed of a bidirectional inverter, and an AC voltage obtained by stepping down the received power from the system 50 by the transformer 13 is converted into a DC voltage by the inverter 12 and supplied to the storage battery 11. To do. As a result, stored power corresponding to the storage capacity is stored in the storage battery 11.

  In the event of a power failure, the stored power stored in the storage battery 11 is converted into a commercial voltage by the inverter 12 and then supplied to the building wiring 60. The storage battery 11 has a capacity capable of supplying power necessary for control of the power failure control unit 4 and power necessary to start at least one power generation unit 31 in a stopped state.

  In the cogeneration system 30, the control unit 34 stops the power generation output of the power generation unit 31 when an out-of-building reverse power flow avoidance signal is transmitted from the centralized RPR 3. Further, when a start control signal is transmitted from the power failure control unit 4, the control unit 34 starts the operation of the power generation unit 31 if the power generation unit 31 is stopped.

  In addition to the dwelling unit 20, the apartment house 1 has a shared section 51, and the shared load 53, which is a power load in the shared section 51, receives power from the building wiring 60 via the switch 52. Supplied. The switch 52 is controlled to be opened and closed by a connection control signal transmitted from the power failure control unit 4.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a power flow during power supply to each dwelling unit 20 and the common unit 51 when the power system 50 is normal. As described above, FIG. 1 shows an example in which a reverse power flow in the building occurs in the dwelling units 20a and 20c. In other words, surplus power in the dwelling units 20 a and 20 c is supplied to the power load and the common load 53 of other dwelling units via the building wiring 60.

  Hereinafter, after the state of FIG. 1, when the power system 50 is in a power failure state, the power supply control (hereinafter referred to as “emergency control”) in the apartment house 1 is described until the power system 50 returns to the energized state. To do.

  When it is detected that the power system 50 is in a power failure state, the power failure control unit 4 causes the connection control unit 40 of each dwelling unit 20 and the switch 52 of the common unit 51 to be connected to the in-building wiring 60 and the load. A connection control signal for disconnecting the connection is transmitted. When receiving this signal, the connection control unit 40 and the switch 52 disconnect the connection between the load and the in-building wiring 60 as shown in FIG. 2 (corresponding to “first operation”). At this time, the in-building wiring 60 and the power storage unit 5 are also temporarily disconnected.

  Moreover, the control unit 34 of the cogeneration system 30 stops by stopping energization from the electric power system 50. Thereby, the output of the power generation unit 31 is automatically stopped.

  Next, the power failure control unit 4 has one or more dwelling units with the highest priority (hereinafter referred to as “first priority dwelling unit”) among the plurality of dwelling units 20X (dwelling units equipped with the cogeneration system 30). Is selected, a connection control signal is transmitted to the connection control unit 40 of the first priority dwelling unit, and the in-building wiring 60 and the priority load 41 are connected. Here, if the first priority dwelling unit is the dwelling unit 20a, as shown in FIG. 3, a connection control signal is transmitted from the power failure control unit 4 to the connection control unit 40a, and the priority load 41a and the in-building wiring 60 are connected. To do. It is assumed that the control device 6 including the power failure control unit 4 is operable by being supplied with power stored in the power storage unit 5 or other emergency power.

  The power storage unit 5 outputs the stored power to the building wiring 60 after the control signal for the connection control unit 40 of the first priority dwelling unit is transmitted from the power failure control unit 4. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 3, the electrical storage electric power from the electrical storage part 5 is supplied with respect to the priority load 41a in the dwelling unit 20a.

  And after this, as shown in FIG. 4, the control part 4 at the time of a power failure transmits a start-up control signal with respect to the cogeneration system 30a in the dwelling unit 20a which is this 1st priority dwelling unit (in "2nd operation | movement"). Equivalent). When receiving the start control signal, the control unit 34a drives the start load 33a to start the power generation unit 31a. FIG. 4 shows a state immediately after the control unit 34a controls to start the power generation unit 31a.

  When the power generation unit 31a is started, generated power is output from the unit 31a. This power is supplied to the priority load 41a in the dwelling unit 20a. However, as described above, the generated power of the power generation unit 31a exceeds the power consumption of the priority load 41a, so surplus power is generated. At this time, since the loads in the dwelling units other than the first priority dwelling unit (20a) and the shared load 53 are disconnected from the building wiring 60, there is a load connected to the building wiring 60 in addition to the dwelling unit 20a. do not do. For this reason, surplus electric power is consumed with the electric heater in the electric power generation unit 31a. At this time, surplus power of the power generation unit 31a is not stored in the storage battery 11 via the inverter 12, in other words, the power storage unit 5 becomes a power load when viewed from the power generation unit 31a. The connection between the power storage unit 5 and the in-building wiring 60 is disconnected so as not to occur.

  Next, the power failure control unit 4 selects one or more dwelling units having the highest priority (hereinafter referred to as “second preferred dwelling unit”) among the dwelling units 20X excluding the first preferred dwelling unit, and selects the second preferred dwelling unit. A connection control signal is transmitted to the connection control unit 40 to connect the priority load 41 in the dwelling unit to the in-building wiring 60. Here, when the second priority dwelling unit is dwelling unit 20b, as shown in FIG. 5, a connection control signal is transmitted from the power failure control unit 4 to the connection control unit 40b, whereby the priority load 41b and the in-building wiring are transmitted. 60 connects.

  At this time, when viewed from the power generation unit 31a in the dwelling unit 20a that is generating power, it can be seen that the priority load 41b in the dwelling unit 20b is newly connected as "load". For this reason, surplus power in the power generation unit 31a is supplied to the priority load 41b in the dwelling unit 20b via the in-building wiring 60 (intra-building reverse power flow). In this state, when surplus power is generated, it is consumed by the electric heater in the power generation unit 31a.

  In actuality, the power failure control unit 4 transmits a start control signal to the cogeneration system 30a of the dwelling unit 20a, and then sends it to the connection control unit 40b of the dwelling unit 20b after a predetermined time has elapsed. On the other hand, a connection control signal may be transmitted. The predetermined time may be set to be longer than the time required for the power generation unit 31a in the dwelling unit 20a to start and output the generated power after the power failure control unit 4 transmits the start control signal.

  By supplying surplus power in the power generation unit 31a to the priority load 41b, a power source for starting the cogeneration system 30b (the power generation unit 31b) in the dwelling unit 20b is secured.

  In this state, the power failure control unit 4 transmits a start control signal to the cogeneration system 30b as shown in FIG. 6 to start the system (corresponding to “third operation”). When receiving the start control signal, the control unit 34b drives the start load 33b to start the power generation unit 31b. FIG. 6 shows a state immediately after the control unit 34b controls to start the power generation unit 31b.

  When the power generation unit 31b is started, generated power is output from the unit 31b. Although this electric power is supplied to the priority load 41b in the dwelling unit 20b, since the generated power exceeds the power consumption of the priority load 41b as in the case of the power generation unit 31a, surplus power is generated and the electric heater in the power generation unit 31b Is consumed.

  Hereinafter, for the dwelling unit 20X including the cogeneration system 30 in which the power generation unit 31 is not started, the power failure control unit 4 controls the connection control unit 40 to connect the in-building wiring 60 only to the priority load 41, Surplus power from the dwelling unit 20 </ b> X in which the power generation unit 31 has already been operated is supplied via the in-building wiring 60. As a result, a power supply for starting the power generation unit 31 being stopped is secured. In a state where the power supply for starting is secured, a start control signal is transmitted from the power failure control unit 4 to the cogeneration system 30 to start the power generation unit 31 (corresponding to “fourth operation”). In this way, the power generation units 31 included in the cogeneration system 30 in the dwelling unit 20X can be sequentially started and the generated power can be output. FIG. 7 shows a tidal current state immediately after the cogeneration system 30c in the dwelling unit 20c is started.

  As described above, the power failure control unit 4 transmits the start control signal to the cogeneration system 30 and then starts after the elapse of time required for the power generation unit 31 to output the generated power. It is good also as what transmits a connection control signal with respect to the connection control part 40 of the dwelling unit 20X provided with the cogeneration system 30 used as object.

  Thus, after the start control signal is transmitted from the power failure control unit 4 to all the dwelling units 20X and the cogeneration system 30 in each dwelling unit 20X is started, the power failure control unit 4 is connected to the switch 52. A control signal is transmitted to connect the shared load 53 to the in-building wiring 60. Furthermore, a connection control signal is transmitted to the connection control unit 40Y of the dwelling unit 20Y not provided with the cogeneration system 30, and the priority load 41Y in the dwelling unit 20Y is connected to the in-building wiring 60 (see FIG. 8). Thereby, electric power can be supplied also to the common part 51 and dwelling unit 20Y (priority load 41Y) at the time of a power failure.

  As explained above, according to the cogeneration system of the present invention, even if a storage battery is not provided in each dwelling unit, the power consumption is higher than the power consumption required to start the power generation unit 31 in at least one cogeneration system. By providing the storage battery 11 having a supply capability in the electric chamber 2, the cogeneration system that is stopped can be started using the surplus power of the cogeneration system that is already in operation.

  In addition, in the case of the configuration of the present invention, it is only necessary to sequentially transmit control signals to the connection control unit 40 and the cogeneration system 30 in order of dwelling units 20X having higher priority, and the control content can be realized with a simple one. Therefore, in the collective housing 1 as a whole, the introduction cost can be greatly reduced if the necessary storage battery capacity can be reduced.

  Another embodiment will be described below.

  <1> In the above embodiment, the load in each dwelling unit is configured with a priority load and a general load, and the connection control unit 40 controls connection to both loads. In the event of a power failure, the power is connected to the premises wiring 60 only for the priority load, and the operation is repeated by repeating the operation of starting the power generation unit that has stopped other dwelling units by surplus power from the power generation unit 31. It was the structure which supplies electric power by operating the inside power generation unit sequentially and increasing a power generation output.

  On the other hand, even if the load in each dwelling unit is not necessarily distinguished as a priority load and a general load, it is possible to introduce this system. That is, after a power failure, a start control signal is transmitted from the power failure control unit 4 to the cogeneration system 30a in the first priority dwelling unit 20a, and the power generation unit 31a is started in response to this. The generated power from the power generation unit 31a can be supplied to all loads in the dwelling unit 20a (including the “general load” in the above embodiment). However, since the power supply unit 31b in the second priority dwelling unit 20b is started based on the surplus power because the surplus power is generated unless the device can be used. Thereafter, the power generation units are sequentially started in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment.

  However, as described above, since all the loads in the dwelling unit can be supplied with power even during a power outage, when only the generated power from the power generation unit 31 is supplied, If the same power consumption is made, the surplus power may not be generated. In such a case, it becomes impossible to start the power generation unit 31 in another dwelling unit that is stopped by using surplus power. Therefore, in order to prevent this situation from occurring, when applying this system when priority load and general load are not differentiated, the power interchange during a power outage using a cogeneration system is only urgent. However, if the same power consumption as normal is used, there is a possibility that interchange will be impossible, so please minimize the use of power equipment until the system is restored It is desirable to communicate to the effect that "

  In other words, from the viewpoint of ensuring power interchange at the time of a power failure, it can be said that the above embodiment in which power is forcibly supplied only to the priority load at the time of a power failure is more suitable. However, in the case of this other embodiment, it can be said that it is a preferable form from the viewpoint of ensuring that all power consuming devices can be used by the consumer.

  <2> In the course of control in which the cogeneration system is operated sequentially from the first priority dwelling unit, when the power system 50 is energized, the series of controls (emergency control) described above are stopped and each connection The control unit 40 and the switch 20 may be controlled so that all loads are connected to the building wiring 60 so that the received power from the power system 50 can be supplied.

  <3> The installation location of the control device 6 is not limited to the electrical room 2. In addition to the components disclosed in each drawing, the electrical chamber 2 is assumed to be equipped with equipment that is not shown in the figure and that is required by law.

  <4> In the above-described embodiment, the priority load 41 in the dwelling unit 20X in which the cogeneration system 30 is introduced is configured by the starting load 33 of the power generation unit 31 and a part of the electric power load 32 excluding it. Only the starting load 33 of the power generation unit 31 may be assumed as the priority load 41.

  In this case, in the dwelling unit 20Y in which the cogeneration system 30 is not introduced, the priority load 41 and the general load 42 may not be distinguished. At this time, the connection control unit 40 (40Y) in the dwelling unit 20Y may be limited to controlling whether or not the in-building wiring 60 and the power load are connected.

  <5> In the above embodiment, when the cogeneration system 30 in all the dwelling units 20X is started, power is supplied to the shared load 53 and the priority load 41 of the dwelling unit 20Y that does not include the cogeneration system. Such power supply may not be performed. For example, after the cogeneration system 30 in all the dwelling units 20X is operated, the generated power from the system 30 is supplied to the general load 42 in a state where the reverse power flow in the building is prohibited in each dwelling unit 20X. Also good. By doing in this way, to the residents of the dwelling unit 20X that introduced the cogeneration system 30, power will be supplied to all the loads in the dwelling unit, and to the introduction of the cogeneration system Satisfaction increases.

  However, in this case, it is necessary to cover all of the priority load 41 and the general load 42 with the generated power of the cogeneration system 30 (internal power generation unit 31), and the voltage in the dwelling unit 20X may decrease. For this reason, it is good also as a structure which has a function which makes a resident recognize that it is insufficient of voltage by producing flicker etc. as needed.

  <6> In the above embodiment, the first priority dwelling unit is the dwelling unit 20a, the second priority dwelling unit is the dwelling unit 20b, and the cogeneration system is sequentially started one by one, but it is not always necessary to start one by one. It is good also as what starts a cogeneration system one by one according to the capacity | capacitance of the storage battery 11, and the magnitude | size of surplus electric power one by one.

  Furthermore, it can also be set as the structure which increases the number of dwelling units used as the object which starts a cogeneration system sequentially. The system of the present invention is configured to start a cogeneration system (stopped) in another dwelling unit using surplus power generated from the dwelling unit in which the power generation unit is operating. For this reason, in emergency control, the priority load 41 is set so that surplus power more than that required to start the cogeneration system of at least one dwelling unit is generated from the dwelling unit in which the power generation unit is operating. If it does, it becomes possible to operate the cogeneration system which has been stopped using surplus power for the dwelling units corresponding to the number of dwelling units currently operated by the power generation unit 31. Therefore, when the number of dwelling units 20X in which the power generation unit 31 is operating is N, the dwelling unit 20X for N units can be operated with the cogeneration system 30 being stopped, and then 2N units. The dwelling cogeneration system 30 can be operated.

  Therefore, in order to start the cogeneration system 30 in the shortest possible time for as many dwelling units 20X as possible in the apartment house 1, the dwelling unit that is already in operation and is generating power in the power generation unit 31. What is necessary is just to set it as the structure which gives a start instruction | indication to the dwelling unit corresponding to the number N (or the number of dwelling units below N which is not limited to N) at once.

  <7> In the above embodiment, the connection between the power storage unit 5 and the building wiring 60 is released when the power generation unit 31 of the first priority load is started. As long as the load is not configured, the connection with the building wiring 60 may be maintained.

  In addition, when surplus power is generated beyond the power required to start the stopped power generation unit, it is consumed by the electric heater in the power generation unit during power generation. On the other hand, if it is in the range which can ensure electric power required to start the power generation unit which has been stopped, surplus power is supplied to the power storage unit 5 to store power in the storage battery 11 using a part of the surplus power. It is good to do.

  <8> Although the above embodiment has been described on the assumption that all the cogeneration systems 30 are stopped at the time of a power failure, a configuration in which the already running cogeneration system 30 is not stopped may be employed. For example, in the case of FIG. 1 where the cogeneration systems (30a, 30c) in the dwelling units 20a and 20c are in operation, if a power failure occurs, the connection control unit 40 is opened, while the cogeneration systems 30a, 30c continue. It is good to continue driving. In this case, power from the power generation units 31a and 31c is supplied to the priority loads 32a and 32c. At this time, since the connection control unit 40 is opened, it may be consumed by the electric heater in the cogeneration system 30 when surplus power is present.

  Even in such a case, the emergency control can have the same contents as in the above embodiment. That is, the control unit 4 at the time of a power failure transmits a control signal to the connection control unit 40 sequentially from the high-priority dwelling units to connect the priority load 41 and the in-building wiring 60 to control the cogeneration system 30. A start signal may be given by transmitting a signal. At this time, if the cogeneration system 30 has already been started, the power supply to the electric heater may be stopped to enable reverse flow in the building.

  <9> In the above embodiment, when the power generation units 31 are sequentially started, first, after starting control signals are transmitted to the cogeneration system in the high priority section, power generation from the power generation units 31 in the same section is performed. The configuration is such that a connection control signal is transmitted to the connection control unit 40 of the section that is the next target for starting the power generation unit 31 when a predetermined time that is longer than the time required for power output has elapsed. However, the method is not limited to this method as long as the power generation output from the power generation unit 31 in the high priority section can be recognized on the power failure control unit 4 side.

  That is, as an example, the communication unit is configured to be capable of bidirectional communication between the control unit 34 and the power failure control unit 4, and the power failure control unit 4 receives a start completion signal from the control unit 34 after the power generation unit 31 is started. In the stage, a configuration may be adopted in which a connection control signal is transmitted to the connection control unit 40 of the section that is the next target for starting the power generation unit.

  <10> In the above embodiment, the case including the fourth operation has been described. However, when all the cogeneration systems existing in the apartment house 1 are started when the third operation is completed, the fourth operation is performed. It is good not to do. In this case, after the third operation is completed, the power load or the common load 51 of the dwelling unit 20 that does not include the cogeneration system may be connected to the building wiring.

  <11> In the above embodiment, a multi-family house (power receiving building) provided with a plurality of dwelling units (power receiving section) is assumed as a power receiving space. However, a plurality of detached houses are received by making each section correspond to each house. It can also be a space. That is, when a cogeneration system is installed in an assembly of a plurality of detached houses, a configuration is adopted in which surplus power is interchanged between detached houses belonging to the aggregate.

  However, in this case, since it is assumed that surplus electric power generated from the housing belonging to the aggregate is supplied to another dwelling unit belonging to the aggregate, a reverse power flow is permitted inside the aggregate. It is a condition. Even in this case, by providing a mechanism that prevents even a reverse power flow to the electric power system outside the assembly, the system configuration is the same as that of the apartment house described above.

  In addition, unlike the case of collective housing, when the power receiving space is composed of an assembly made up of a plurality of housings, there is a possibility that the common part cannot be considered due to the nature. Therefore, in this case, the “shared part” in the above-described embodiment is not necessarily provided. On the other hand, even in this case, for example, street lights in the power receiving space can be supplied using surplus power from the houses in the power receiving space, so that the “shared” It is also possible to envision “parts”.

1: Apartment house 2: Electric room 3: Centralized RPR
4: Control unit at power failure 5: Power storage unit 6: Control device 11: Storage battery 12: Inverter 20: Dwelling unit (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d,...)
20X: A dwelling unit in which a cogeneration system is introduced 20Y: A dwelling unit in which a cogeneration system is not introduced 30: A cogeneration system (30a, 30b, 30c, 30d,...)
31: Power generation units in the cogeneration system (31a, 31b, 31c, 31d,...)
32: Electric power load (32a, 32b, 32c, 32d,...)
33: Start load (33a, 33b, 33c, 33d,...)
34: Control unit (34a, 34b, 34c, 34d, ...)
40: Connection control unit (40a, 40b, 40c, 40d,...)
41: Priority load (41a, 41b, 41c, 41d, ...)
42: General load (42a, 42b, 42c, 42d, ...)
50: Power system 51: Shared section 52: Switch 53: Shared load 60: Wiring in the building

Claims (4)

A power generation unit is provided in two or more sections in a power receiving space having a plurality of sections that consume power and configured to be able to supply received power from a power system to each section through a wiring in the power receiving space. A cogeneration system control device comprising:
A power storage unit configured to store a part of the received power from the power system, and to be able to supply the stored power to the wiring in the receiving space;
A connection control between the power load in each section and the wiring in the receiving space, and a power failure control unit that performs output control of the power generation unit,
The power failure control unit
Recognizing that the power system is in a power outage state,
A first operation of opening a connection between the power load in each section and the wiring in the power receiving space;
Then, after selecting one or more sections including the power generation unit in a stopped state, and connecting the power load including the starting load of the power generation unit in the selected section and the wiring in the receiving space A second operation for giving a start instruction to the power generation unit in a state where the stored power of the power storage unit is output to the wiring in the power receiving space;
After the power generation unit in the section selected in the second operation is started, one or more other units including the power generation unit in a stopped state in a state where surplus power of the power generation unit is output to the wiring in the power receiving space After selecting the section, connecting the power load including the start load of the power generation unit in the newly selected section and the wiring in the power receiving space, a start instruction is given to the power generation unit. run the third operation and giving, the,
After completion of the third operation,
One or more further ones including the power generation unit in a stopped state in a state where surplus power of the power generation unit is output to the wiring in the power receiving space after the power generation unit in the section selected immediately before is started. After selecting a section and connecting the power load including the start load of the power generation unit in the newly selected section and the wiring in the receiving space, a start instruction is given to the power generation unit. 4. A control device that sequentially executes four operations once or a plurality of times . In the case where a shared unit capable of supplying received power from the power system via the wiring in the receiving space is configured in the receiving space,
The power failure control unit
After performing the fourth operation predetermined number of times or more, in claim 1, characterized in that to connect the power load of the power receiving space wiring and the common unit or one or more of the compartments without the generator unit The control device described. The power failure control unit
In the second operation, one or more of the sections including the power generation unit in a stopped state are selected, and a priority load including a start load of the power generation unit among the power loads in the selected section. After connecting the power receiving space wiring, giving a start instruction to the power generation unit in a state where the stored power of the power storage unit is output to the power receiving space wiring,
In the third operation, after starting the power generation unit in the section selected in the second operation, select one or more other sections including the power generation unit in a stopped state, and the newly selected 3. The control device according to claim 1, wherein a start instruction is given to the power generation unit after connecting the priority load in the section and the wiring in the space. 4. A power generation unit is provided in one or more of the partitions in a power receiving space that has a plurality of partitions that consume power and is configured to be able to supply received power from the power system to each of the partitions via a wiring in the power receiving space. A cogeneration system with
When the power system transitions from the energized state to the power outage state,
First, open the connection between the power load in each section and the wiring in the power receiving space,
Next, after the one or more sections including the power generation unit in a stopped state are selected, the power load including the starting load of the power generation unit in the selected section is connected to the power receiving space wiring, With the stored power obtained by storing a part of the received power when the power system is energized being supplied to the wiring in the receiving space, the power generation unit is started , and the surplus power of the power generation unit is It is in a state of being output to the power receiving space wiring,
Next, at least one other section including the power generation unit in a stopped state is selected, and the power load including the starting load of the power generation unit in the selected section is connected to the power receiving space wiring After that, the power generation unit is started , and the surplus power of the power generation unit is output to the power receiving space wiring.
Next, at least one further section including the power generation unit in a stopped state is selected, and the power load including the starting load of the power generation unit in the selected section and the wiring in the receiving space After the connection, the cogeneration system is characterized in that the power generation unit is started and the operation of setting the surplus power of the power generation unit to be output to the power receiving space wiring is sequentially executed once or a plurality of times .

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