JP5388875B2 - Fireproof segment and fireproof tunnel structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fireproof segment mainly composed of concrete laid as a tunnel lining, for example, and a fireproof tunnel structure having the fireproof segment.

  Until now, the fire-resistant structure of tunnels has changed to a thinner and more fire-resistant performance so that the tunnel cross section can be made smaller. That is, the structure has been changed from a structure in which concrete is placed on the inner surface side of a segment laid as a tunnel lining to form a secondary lining to a structure in which a refractory plate is supported inside the segment body ( Patent Document 1). As shown in FIG. 5, the structure for supporting the refractory plate inside the segment body is constructed by laying the segment body 1a as a tunnel lining and laying invert concrete 2a on the inner lower portion of the laid segment body 1a. In addition to forming the tunnel structure 5a, the mounting body 3a is provided on the segment body 1a, and the refractory plate 4a spaced apart from the inside of the segment body 1a is supported by the mounting body 3a.

  Furthermore, a structure in which a fireproof material is directly provided on the inner surface of a segment body has been proposed as a structure that is even thinner and can exhibit fireproof performance (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). As shown in FIG. 6, in this structure, a segment body 1b is laid as a tunnel lining, and an invert concrete 2b is laid on the inner lower portion of the laid segment body 1b to form a tunnel structure 5b. The refractory material 4b is directly provided on the inner surface of 1b.

JP 2002-147183 A JP 2006-132247 A

  By the way, refractory materials are excellent in fire resistance, but they are weak and brittle, so when installing refractory materials on the inner surface side of the segment body as described above, when installing tunnel equipment such as lighting equipment and disaster prevention equipment Cause trouble. That is, since the refractory material itself cannot support these instruments, it is necessary to provide a mounting bracket fixed to the concrete segment body through the refractory material and support the instrument with the mounting bracket. In the event of a fire, the mounting bracket is deformed and the refractory material is damaged, heat is transmitted from the mounting bracket to the segment body, the segment body is cracked, and the strength is reduced.

  In addition, since there is always a danger that various things collide with the inner surface of the tunnel even during a fire, the refractory material provided on the inner surface of the segment body is often damaged. Therefore, maintenance for the refractory material becomes complicated.

  The present invention is proposed in view of the above problems, and provides a fire-resistant segment and a fire-resistant tunnel structure that protects the refractory material, has high durability, can exhibit sufficient strength in the event of a fire, and is excellent in maintainability. The purpose is to do.

The refractory segment of the present invention is a refractory segment laid as a tunnel lining, an inner layer composed of a segment material, an outer layer composed of the segment material, the inner layer and the outer layer, And a refractory material provided in a laminated manner.
In the said structure, by providing a refractory material between an inner side layer and an outer side layer, it can protect without exposing a refractory material, and can improve durability. In addition, it is possible to prevent the outer layer from being damaged in the event of a fire, and to ensure sufficient minimum strength until the tunnel is restored. Moreover, since the refractory material is protected, it is excellent in maintainability. Moreover, it is possible to freely attach mounting brackets for various facilities necessary for the tunnel to the inner layer. In addition, the tunnel cross-section can be made thin and the tunnel construction cost can be reduced, and it is not necessary to attach a fireproof plate to the segment.

The fireproof segment of the present invention includes an anchor portion penetrating the fireproof material and embedded in the inner layer and the outer layer.
In the said structure, an inner part, an outer side layer, and a refractory material are firmly integrated by an anchor part, and it can aim at the increase in a bending strength and a shear strength. In addition, the anchor portion can be suitably disposed between the inner layer and the outer layer even if it is a brittle refractory material having no strength, and the anchor portion can be easily installed through the refractory material. .

The refractory segment of the present invention projects from the refractory material to the inner layer and is embedded in the inner layer, and the second anchor projects from the refractory material to the outer layer and embedded in the outer layer. And a section.
In the said structure, an inner layer, an outer layer, and a refractory material can be firmly integrated by the 1st anchor part and the 2nd anchor part, and the increase in a bending proof stress and a shear strength can be aimed at. In addition, since the first anchor portion and the second anchor portion protrude from the respective layers, the outside of the refractory material can be used in the event of a fire even if a heat-resistant material is not used as the first and second anchor portions. Heat transfer to the layer can be prevented.

The fireproof segment of the present invention is characterized in that T1 / T2, which is the ratio of the thickness T1 of the inner layer and the thickness T2 of the outer layer, is 0.2 to 0.8.
In the above configuration, an outer layer having a sufficient thickness can be secured to ensure the minimum necessary strength before the tunnel is restored in the event of a fire, as well as reliable protection of refractory materials and various facilities. Secure attachment to the inner layer of the mounting bracket can be ensured.

The fire-resistant tunnel structure of the present invention includes an inner layer composed of a segment material, an outer layer composed of the segment material, a refractory material provided by being laminated between the inner layer and the outer layer, A refractory segment including a joint portion provided on a side portion of the outer layer is connected by the joint portion and laid as a tunnel lining.
In the said structure, by providing a refractory material between an inner side layer and an outer side layer, it can protect without exposing a refractory material, and can improve durability. In addition, it is possible to prevent the outer layer from being damaged in the event of a fire, and to ensure sufficient minimum strength until the tunnel is restored. Moreover, since the refractory material is protected, it is excellent in maintainability. Moreover, it is possible to freely attach mounting brackets for various facilities necessary for the tunnel to the inner layer. In addition, the tunnel cross-section can be made thin and the tunnel construction cost can be reduced, and it is not necessary to attach a fireproof plate to the segment.

  In the fireproof segment or fireproof tunnel structure of the present invention, the fireproof material can be protected without being exposed, and the durability can be enhanced. In addition, it is possible to prevent the outer layer from being damaged in the event of a fire, and to ensure sufficient minimum strength until the tunnel is restored. Moreover, since the refractory material is protected, it is excellent in maintainability. Moreover, it is possible to freely attach mounting brackets for various facilities necessary for the tunnel to the inner layer. In addition, the tunnel cross-section can be made small and the tunnel construction cost can be reduced, and it is not necessary to attach a fireproof plate to the segment.

1 is a perspective view of a fireproof segment of an embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II in FIG. 1. (A) is sectional drawing of the fireproof tunnel comprised by the fireproof segment of FIG. 1, (b) is the partially expanded sectional view. (A) is sectional drawing which shows a part of site | part corresponded to the II arrow of FIG. 1 in the fireproof segment of a 1st modification, (b) is I- of FIG. 1 in the fireproof segment of a 2nd modification. Sectional drawing which shows a part of site | part corresponded to I line | wire arrow view. Sectional drawing of the fireproof tunnel of the structure which supports a fireproof board inside the conventional segment main body. Sectional drawing of the fireproof tunnel of a structure which provides a fireproof material directly in the inner surface of the conventional segment main body.

[Fireproof Segment and Fireproof Tunnel Structure of Embodiment]
The fire-resistant segment and fire-resistant tunnel structure of embodiment by this invention are demonstrated. 1 is a perspective view of a refractory segment according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of a refractory tunnel composed of the refractory segment of FIG. FIG. 3B is a partially enlarged sectional view thereof.

  The fireproof segment 10 of the present embodiment is a fireproof segment 10 laid as a tunnel lining, and as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 (b), for example, it has a curved curved shape and is substantially in plan view. It is a rectangle. The refractory segment 10 is provided by laminating an inner layer 20 made of concrete as a segment material, an outer layer 30 similarly made of concrete as a segment material, and the inner layer 20 and the outer layer 30. The refractory material 40 and the connecting bolt 50 which is an anchor part are comprised.

  The inner layer 20 is laid toward the center side of the tunnel space, and is made of reinforced concrete. The inner layer 20 is provided inside the concrete in a direction intersecting with the main reinforcing bar 21 and the main reinforcing bar 21 that are reinforcing reinforcing bars. The belt rebar 22 is embedded. In the case of a standard road tunnel segment having a thickness of 50 to 150 mm, for example, a lining thickness of 500 mm, the thickness of the inner layer 20 is preferably about 100 mm.

  The outer layer 30 is laid toward the outer side opposite to the center of the tunnel space, and is composed of reinforced concrete like the inner layer 20, and a main reinforcing bar 31 and a main reinforcing bar 31 that are reinforcing reinforcing bars are provided inside the concrete. Are embedded with band reinforcing bars 32 provided in the crossing direction. In the case of a standard road tunnel segment having a thickness of 300 to 500 mm, for example, a lining thickness of 500 mm, the thickness of the outer layer 30 is preferably about 400 mm, and the inner layer 20 shown in FIG. When T1 / T2 which is a ratio of the thickness T1 and the thickness T2 of the outer layer 30 is 0.2 to 0.8, more preferably 0.3 to 0.4, the outer layer 30 having a sufficient thickness is formed. It is possible to secure the minimum necessary strength before the tunnel is restored in the event of a fire, as well as reliable protection of the refractory material 40 and reliable attachment of the mounting brackets of various facilities to the inner layer 20 Can be secured.

  A joint bolt 33 corresponding to a joint portion and an inter-ring joint 34 are provided on the side portion of the outer layer 30, and the joint bolt 33 connects the refractory segment 10 and another refractory segment 10 adjacent in the circumferential direction to form a ring. The intermediate joint 34 connects the refractory segment 10 and another segment 10 adjacent to each other between the rings in the direction in which the tunnel extends. A concave portion 35 is formed along the peripheral edge of the outer layer 30 on the side portion of the outer layer 30 that can be placed outside the joint bolt 33 and the inter-ring joint 34, and a sealing material 36 is provided so as to fit into the concave portion 35. The joint bolt 33 and the inter-ring joint 34 which are joint parts are disposed so as to be positioned between a refractory material 40 and a seal material 36 which will be described later.

  The refractory material 40 is provided in a layered manner between the inner layer 20 and the outer layer 30 of reinforced concrete, and is provided in an R-plane shape along the outer surface of the inner layer 20 and the outer surface of the outer layer 30. The thickness of the refractory material 40 is 35 mm in the illustrated example. The refractory material 40 is made of a plate material such as calcium silicate or ceramic that has been molded in advance so as to form an R-plane with a predetermined thickness, or a fiber refractory material formed to a predetermined thickness. The refractory material 40 may be set in advance at a predetermined position in the form frame when the concrete is placed. Alternatively, the space formed between the outer layer and the inner layer may be filled later. As another form, for example, in a mold, a slurry for forming a refractory material is coated on the inner layer 20 or the outer layer 30 and solidified. As a slurry for forming a refractory material, for example, a fluid material obtained by adding heat-resistant aggregates, inorganic or organic reinforcing fibers and the like to a cement-based material such as alumina cement and stirring and mixing them can be used.

  Further, the refractory segment 10 is provided with a connecting bolt 50 as an anchor portion embedded in the inner layer 20 and the outer layer 30, and the connecting bolt 50 is provided so as to penetrate the refractory material 40, and has one end thereof. The part side is embedded in the inner layer 20 and the other end side is embedded in the outer layer 30. Note that the connecting bolt 50 is desirably heat resistant, and the material itself may be heat resistant, or the pipe member may be filled with a refractory material. Even if the brittle refractory material 40 having no strength is disposed between the inner layer 20 and the outer layer 30 made of reinforced concrete, the refractory segment 10 penetrates the refractory material 40, and both ends thereof are the inner layer 20, By arranging each on the outer layer 30, the whole is secured to have a predetermined strength.

  The refractory segment 10 is connected to another refractory segment 10 adjacent in the circumferential direction by a joint bolt 33, and connected to another segment 10 adjacent between the rings in a direction in which the tunnel extends by an inter-ring joint 34. The tunnel structure 100 is constructed as a lining and has a fireproof tunnel structure shown in FIG. Invert concrete 60 is provided on the inner bottom of the tunnel structure 100.

  When manufacturing the refractory segment 10 of this embodiment, for example, the connecting bolt 50 is penetrated and fixed to the refractory material 40 that has been molded into an R surface in advance, and this is set at a predetermined position in the mold for forming the segment. Reinforcing bars such as reinforcing steel bars 21, 22, 31, 32, etc. are provided, and joint bolts 33 and inter-ring joints 34 are also fixed to the mold, and the mold surface is such that the joint surface on which this inter-ring joint 34 is located is on the upper side. In this state, concrete is placed so as to sandwich the refractory material 40, and then the seal material 36 is fixed to mold the refractory segment 10. Alternatively, reinforcing reinforcing bars are arranged in a form for forming a segment, and joint bolts 33 and inter-ring joints 34 are arranged to pour concrete into the inner layer 20. Next, a slurry for forming a refractory material is poured onto the inner layer 20, the inner layer 20 is coated with a predetermined thickness with the slurry for forming a refractory material, and solidified to form a refractory material 40 to be laminated on the inner layer 20. Next, the connecting bolt 50 is embedded in the inner layer 20 through the refractory material 40, and further, reinforcing steel bars are arranged on the refractory material 40 and concrete is poured to form the outer layer 30. Thereafter, the sealing material 36 is disposed in the recess 35 formed by the mold of the mold or the cutting process, and the fireproof segment 10 is completed. In addition, it is also possible to form the outer layer 30 first and then form the refractory material 40 and the inner layer 20 on the outer layer 30 in the same procedure.

  In this embodiment, by providing the refractory material 40 between the inner layer 20 and the outer layer 30, the refractory material 40 can be protected without being exposed, and durability can be enhanced. Further, in the event of a fire, the outer layer 30 can be prevented from being damaged while the inner layer 20 bears damage due to the fire, and the outer layer 30 can sufficiently secure the minimum necessary strength until the tunnel is restored. Moreover, since the refractory material 40 is protected, it is excellent in maintainability. Moreover, it is possible to freely attach the mounting brackets of various facilities necessary for the tunnel to the inner layer 20. In addition, the tunnel cross-section can be reduced with a thin shape such as the same thickness as the non-refractory structure, the construction cost of the tunnel can be reduced, and the work of attaching the refractory plate to the segment is unnecessary. Moreover, the inner layer 20, the outer layer 30, and the refractory material 40 can be firmly integrated by the connecting bolt 50, and the bending strength and the shear strength can be increased. Further, in the event of a fire, the heat to the outer layer 30 can be increased. Can be prevented, and the refractory material 40 can be easily installed.

[Modifications of Embodiment, etc.]
In addition to the configurations of the inventions and embodiments, the invention disclosed in the present specification includes those specified by changing these partial configurations to other configurations disclosed in the present specification, or these configurations. Also included are those specified by adding other configurations disclosed in the specification, or those superordinate concepts specified by deleting these partial configurations to the extent that partial effects can be obtained. Variations are also included.

  For example, the anchor portion embedded in the inner layer 20 and the outer layer 30 of the refractory segment 10 is not limited to the connecting bolt 50 penetrating the refractory material 40, and protrudes from the refractory material 40 to the inner layer 20 and is embedded in the inner layer 20. You may comprise from the 1st anchor part and the 2nd anchor part which protrudes from the refractory material 40 to the outer layer 30, and is embedded in the outer layer 30. For example, the first anchor portion and the second anchor portion protrude from the refractory material 40 of FIG. 4A to the inner layer 20 and are embedded into the inner layer 20, and from the refractory material 40 to the outer layer 30. It is possible to use the embedded bolt 72 to be embedded. When installing the embedded bolts 71 and 72, for example, the embedded bolts 71 are fixed on both sides of the refractory material 40 that has been molded into an R-shape in advance, and the bolts 71 and 72 are set at predetermined positions in the frame for forming the segment. The reinforcing reinforcing bars 21, 22, 31, 32 and the like are arranged, and the joint bolt 33 and the inter-ring joint 34 are also fixed to the mold, and the joint surface on which the inter-ring joint 34 is arranged is on the upper side. In a state where the frame is erected, concrete is placed so as to sandwich the refractory material 40, and then the sealing material 36 is fixed and the refractory segment 10 is molded. Alternatively, concrete is poured in a state where the embedded bolt 72 is supported at a predetermined position by a predetermined supporting means to form the inner layer 20, and the embedded bolt 72 is embedded in the inner layer 20, and the embedded bolt is embedded by the predetermined supporting means. In a state where 71 is supported at a predetermined position, the refractory material forming slurry is poured to form the refractory material 40, the embedded bolts 71 and 72 are embedded in the refractory material 40, and the outer layer 30 is formed thereon to embed the embedded bolt. 71 is embedded in the outer layer 30.

  Further, the first anchor portion and the second anchor portion are formed integrally with the refractory material 40 and protruded from the refractory material 40 to the inner layer 20, for example, as shown in FIG. It is also possible to form a protrusion 82 having a substantially V shape or the like, which is formed integrally with the refractory material 40 and protrudes from the refractory material 40 to the outer layer 30. The refractory material 40 having the projections 81 and 82 is formed and processed in advance into an R plate shape, set at a predetermined position in the form frame for segment formation, and is provided with reinforcing bars 21, 22, 31, 32, etc. Also, the joint bolt 33 and the inter-ring joint 34 are also fixed to the mold, and the mold is erected so that the joint surface on which the inter-ring joint 34 is disposed is on the upper side, and the concrete is placed so as to sandwich the refractory material 40. The fireproof segment 10 may be formed by casting. Alternatively, after the concrete of the inner layer 20 is placed, the refractory material 40 with the protrusions is set so as to be embedded in the protrusions 81 before the concrete is hardened, and the concrete of the outer layer 30 is placed thereon. Anyway.

  Moreover, the inner layer 20 and the outer layer 30 are not limited to those made of reinforced concrete, and the materials and structures thereof are appropriate within the scope of the present invention. Further, the refractory material 40 is not limited to a material which has been factory processed into an R-face plate shape or a mat shape, or formed from a slurry for forming a refractory material, and the material thereof is also appropriate. Furthermore, if there is a suitable means for disposing the refractory material 40 between the inner layer 20 and the outer layer 30, the refractory material 40 is not limited to the connecting bolt 50, the embedded bolts 71, 72, and the protrusion 81, and the refractory material is fire-resistant by other means. The material 40 may be arranged and fixed, or the refractory material 40 may be sandwiched and arranged with an adhesive in combination with these bolts or alone.

  The present invention can be used, for example, when lining a shield tunnel.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Refractory segment 20 ... Inner layer 21 ... Main reinforcement 22 ... Band reinforcement 30 ... Outer layer 31 ... Main reinforcement 32 ... Band reinforcement 33 ... Joint bolt 34 ... Inter-ring joint 35 ... Recess 36 ... Seal material 40, 4b ... Refractory material DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 50 ... Connecting bolt 60, 2a, 2b ... Invert concrete 71, 72 ... Embedded bolt 81, 82 ... Protrusion 100, 5a, 5b ... Tunnel structure 1a, 1b ... Segment main body 3a ... Mounting bracket 4a ... Fire plate

Claims (5)

A fireproof segment laid as a tunnel lining,
An inner layer composed of segment material,
An outer layer composed of the segment material;
A refractory material provided by being laminated between the inner layer and the outer layer;
A refractory segment comprising:   The refractory segment according to claim 1, further comprising an anchor portion penetrating the refractory material and embedded in the inner layer and the outer layer. A first anchor portion protruding from the refractory material into the inner layer and embedded in the inner layer;
The refractory segment according to claim 1, further comprising a second anchor portion protruding from the refractory material to the outer layer and embedded in the outer layer.   The fireproof segment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein T1 / T2, which is a ratio of a thickness T1 of the inner layer and a thickness T2 of the outer layer, is 0.2 to 0.8. An inner layer composed of segment material,
An outer layer composed of the segment material;
A refractory material provided by being laminated between the inner layer and the outer layer;
A refractory segment comprising a joint provided on a side of the outer layer,
A fire-resistant tunnel structure characterized in that it is laid as a tunnel lining by connecting with the joint portion.

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