JP5385445B1 - Jet pump, negative pressure forming method using jet pump, and suction flow method using jet pump - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a jet pump that has a simple structure, can stably form a negative pressure without clogging or pulsation, and can improve the efficiency of various operations such as suction and flow.
High-pressure water supplied from a high-pressure water supply source 2 is jetted from a plurality of jet nozzles 3 as jet streams 37, and the jet stream 37 sprayed on an axis C of a straight pipe portion 22 of a negative pressure forming pipe 4. After converging once, the straight pipe portion 22 is fully expanded, a working negative pressure is formed on the upstream side of the jet flow 37 from the spread portion, and the formed working negative pressure is applied to the negative pressure forming pipe 4. The flow including the solid mass is sucked from the suction port 43 of the suction pipe 5 by acting on the suction pipe 5 provided concentrically with the suction pipe 5 on the upstream side of the negative pressure forming pipe 4, and the flow sucked from the suction pipe 5. The feed is guided into the negative pressure forming tube 4 while being guided by the guide portion 13 having the inclined surface 12 having an angle substantially along the mounting angle of the injection nozzle 3 while being surrounded by the jet stream 37 being converged. It was pushed and flowed.
[Selection] Figure 7

Description

  The present invention is the formation of negative pressure required for various operations such as suction / flow of sludge containing solid mass, such as dredging in dams, dredging in harbors, earth and sand treatment during disaster recovery, agitation / mixing / dehydration, etc. The present invention relates to a jet pump, a negative pressure forming method using a jet pump, and a suction flow method using a jet pump.

  When creating a negative pressure for working or sucking a solid mass, a constriction is formed in the reciprocating pump or passage that creates a negative pressure by reciprocatingly sliding the piston in the cylinder. Conventionally, a venturi type pump in which the pressure is reduced by increasing the flow velocity of the fluid flowing through the constriction portion to form a negative pressure has been generally used.

  In the reciprocating pump, since the solid lump cannot be directly sucked into the cylinder, a negative pressure is applied to the reserve tank, and the solid lump is sucked into the reserve tank.

  When taking out the solid mass sucked into such a reserve tank, the supply of negative pressure to the inside of the reserve tank is temporarily stopped, the inside of the tank is opened, and after returning to atmospheric pressure, the reserve tank is inverted. However, since the solid lump inside is moved to a transportation means such as a truck or a barge ship, it is not only troublesome but also continuous work cannot be performed, resulting in poor work efficiency. It was.

  On the other hand, in the venturi type pump, a negative pressure is formed in the stenosis part, so that not only a large amount of negative pressure cannot be formed, but also the diameter of the part where the negative pressure is applied is much smaller than that of the stenosis part. There was a problem that the solid mass could not be sucked directly.

  Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structure as described in Patent Document 1 is very simple, and it is possible to directly suck a large amount of solid lump continuously, There is known an air-mix jet pump that can continuously carry out the flow as it is, and is currently in practical use.

(Conventional jet pump (single nozzle arrangement type))
Such a jet pump is provided with a single injection nozzle for injecting a high-pressure fluid at the central portion of the closed end portion of the negative pressure forming pipe formed in a cylindrical shape or a diffuser shape slightly spreading downstream. When the jet flow injected from the injection nozzle spreads in the negative pressure forming pipe, a negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure forming pipe upstream of the expanded portion. Such a fluid containing a powder or solid mass is sucked and sent.

(Problems of conventional jet pump (single nozzle arrangement type))
In the conventional jet pump of this type, for example, the above-mentioned snowy powder is sucked from the suction tube into the negative pressure forming tube, and the powder is discharged from the negative pressure forming tube by the jet flow generated in the negative pressure forming tube. When transporting to a desired location, the powder itself tends to adhere to the inner peripheral surface of the negative pressure forming tube, and when the powder touches the jet stream, the moisture contained in the powder is taken away by the powerful jet stream. Therefore, the powder adheres and accumulates more firmly on the inner peripheral surface of the negative pressure forming tube. As a result, there is a concern that the substantial cross-sectional area of the passage in the negative pressure forming pipe is reduced at an early stage, and the flow efficiency of the jet pump is greatly reduced.

  Further, in this type of jet pump, in order to form a large amount of negative pressure, the speed of the jet flow injected from the injection nozzle toward the negative pressure forming pipe is increased, and negative pressure is formed to form a negative pressure. The pipe has a large diameter.

  Therefore, when the speed of the jet stream is high, the spread angle on the downstream side of the jet stream is small, and the traveling distance until the jet stream spreads to the full negative pressure forming pipe becomes long. There is also a problem that the entire apparatus is increased in size because it is composed of a considerably long distance corresponding to the travel distance.

  This means that a conventional jet pump with such a structure cannot be mounted on a vehicle or the like for movement or used as a portable pump, and there are significant opportunities and places where work can be performed using the jet pump. The problem of being restricted was also pointed out.

  In order to solve these problems, as shown in Patent Document 2, a multiple nozzle arrangement type jet pump in which a plurality of injection nozzles are arranged uniformly with respect to a large-diameter negative pressure forming pipe has been proposed. ing.

(Conventional jet pump (multiple nozzle arrangement type))
As shown in FIG. 8, this multi-nozzle type jet pump sucks water 107 stored in a water storage tank 106 through a strainer 108 and pressurizes it with a pressurizing pump 110. A plurality of injection nozzles 103 for injecting water are substantially uniform with respect to the opening of the large-diameter negative pressure forming tube 104 disposed in front of the nozzles 103 and parallel to the axis of the negative pressure forming tube 104. A suction pipe 105 having a suction port 143 is provided between the negative pressure forming pipe 104 and the jet nozzle 103, and a plurality of jets of high-pressure water pressurized by the pressurizing pump 110 are provided. When jetted from the nozzle 103 toward the negative pressure forming pipe 104, the jet flow gradually spreads at the same spread angle in the negative pressure forming pipe 104. After that, when each of the jet flows spreads and is united with each other and spreads in the negative pressure forming pipe 104 and flows, the negative pressure is formed in the negative pressure forming pipe 104 on the upstream side. ing.

  In the configuration configured as described above, even when the momentum of the jet flow is strong and the spread angle is small, the spread angles of the jet flows respectively ejected from the plurality of jet nozzles 103 are summed, and the jet nozzle 103 Since the distance to the position where the negative pressure forming pipe 104 spreads out becomes short, the traveling distance from the injection nozzle 103 until the jet flow reaches the full pressure of the negative pressure forming pipe 104 is determined by the above-described single nozzle arrangement type jet pump (patented) Compared to Document 1), there is an advantage that it can be greatly shortened.

(Problems of conventional multi-nozzle jet pumps)
In such a multi-nozzle-arranged type jet pump, the jet flows ejected from the respective ejection nozzles 103 flow parallel to each other in a streak shape and gradually spread with the same spread angle. However, until each jet flow is unifyingly integrated with each other and spreads in the negative pressure forming tube 104, there is a gap (between each jet flow and between each jet flow and the inner peripheral surface of the negative pressure forming tube 104. As a result, there is a problem in that it is not possible to reliably prevent powder and the like from adhering to and depositing on the inner peripheral surface of the negative pressure forming tube 104 facing the gap portion.

  Furthermore, since the jet flow that has spread to the full extent in the negative pressure forming tube 104 is a straight flow from each jet flow and spreads, a part of the jet flow is caused by the solid mass sucked from the suction tube 105. When the flow is disturbed even for a moment, a streak-like gap is formed in the disturbed portion and the downstream side thereof, and the balance of the jet flow spreading in the negative pressure forming tube 104 is lost, which causes pulsation. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to perform stable and continuous work.

(Problems over any conventional nozzle type jet pump)
In addition, the biggest problem common to both types of conventional jet pumps of single or multiple nozzles (see Patent Documents 1 and 2) is that the inflow direction of the solid mass sucked from the suction pipe 105 depends on the injection nozzle 103. That is, it is in a direction perpendicular to the running direction of the jet flow ejected from. In other words, as shown in FIG. 8, in order to move a solid mass or the like from the suction pipe 105 to the negative pressure forming pipe 104, the conventional jet pump is bent at a right angle (L-shaped). The structure basically has a bent portion (suction pipe attachment member 151), which is essential.

  In the jet pump having such a basic structure, the jet flow ejected from the ejection nozzle 103 is solidified perpendicular to the flow direction of the jet flow when contacting the solid mass sucked from the suction pipe 105. Since the lump enters, the flow of the jet flow is likely to be hindered by this solid lump, and in the single nozzle arrangement type jet pump, the jet flow is interrupted and causes pulsation. As a result, the overall flow balance is lost.

  In particular, when using the conventional jet pump having the above-mentioned basic structure for operations such as harbor dredging and dam sedimentation, long solid masses such as tree branches (two points in FIG. 8). When the object 150) indicated by the chain line is sucked, the solid mass 150 cannot be bent when trying to enter the negative pressure forming pipe 104 from the suction pipe 105, and is clogged as a result of accumulating in the suction pipe mounting member 151. Frequently occur, and the injection nozzle 103 is damaged by the solid lump 150 accumulated in the suction pipe attachment member 151, thereby reducing the durability.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 62-12400 Japanese Patent No. 2780721

  The present invention has been proposed in view of the problems of the above-described conventional jet pump, and solves the problems described above, and is capable of forming a negative pressure stably without clogging or pulsation while having a simple structure. Another object of the present invention is to provide a jet pump that can improve the efficiency of various operations such as suction and flow, a negative pressure forming method using a jet pump, and a suction flow method using a jet pump.

  Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a jet pump capable of reducing failure and maintenance opportunities as much as possible, that is, substantially maintenance-free.

In order to achieve the above object, a jet pump according to the present invention includes a high-pressure water supply source, a plurality of injection nozzles that inject high-pressure water from the high-pressure water supply source, and a jet stream injected from the plurality of injection nozzles. A negative pressure forming tube for forming a working negative pressure, and a suction tube for taking out the working negative pressure formed by the negative pressure forming tube or sucking the flowed material by applying the working negative pressure. comprising, the negative pressure formed tube and the suction tube is substantially cylindrical straight pipe at least a portion, further provided with two pipe in a straight line at the same axis line, arranged at equal intervals along a plurality of injection nozzles on the outer periphery of the suction tube The opening portion of the negative pressure forming tube close to the suction tube is formed to have a large diameter so as to surround at least the injection ports of the plurality of injection nozzles, and the mounting angles of the plurality of injection nozzles are injected from the injection ports of the injection nozzles. Jet flow is negative pressure forming pipe An inclined surface that is set to an angle that once converges on the axis in the straight pipe portion, and that has an angle substantially along the mounting angle of the injection nozzle between the opening portion of the negative pressure forming pipe and the straight pipe portion. And each of the plurality of injection nozzles has a small-diameter high-pressure water passage in the cylindrically formed main body portion, and slightly downstream of the high-pressure water passage from the high-pressure water passage. A large-diameter mixed-air jet passage is provided in a straight line on the same axis with a gap for air inflow in the vicinity of both passages, and the peripheral wall of the high-pressure water passage near the mixed-air jet passage A plurality of intake holes are formed in the nozzle, and the jet flow injected from each injection nozzle mixes air supplied into the injection nozzle from the atmosphere via the intake hole and the air inflow gap. most major that it is the admission jet stream was It is an feature.

The jet pump according to the present invention, the attachment angle theta of jetting nozzles, it is intended, it characterized that is set in the range of 0 ° <θ ≦ 30 ° to the axis of the negative pressure generating tube.

Moreover, the negative pressure forming method using the jet pump of the present invention having the above-described configuration is configured to inject high-pressure water supplied from a high-pressure water supply source as a jet flow from a plurality of injection nozzles provided along the outer periphery of the suction pipe. After the jet flow injected from the plurality of injection nozzles is once converged on the axis of the straight pipe portion of the negative pressure forming pipe, the jet flow is fully expanded in the straight pipe portion of the negative pressure forming pipe, and the jet flows from the expanded portion. A negative working pressure is formed on the upstream side of the flow, and the formed negative working pressure is applied to a suction pipe provided concentrically with the negative pressure forming pipe and on the upstream side of the negative pressure forming pipe. The negative pressure is taken out from the suction port of the suction pipe as a vacuum forming negative pressure.

In addition, the suction flow method using the jet pump of the present invention having the above-described configuration injects high-pressure water supplied from a high-pressure water supply source as a jet flow from a plurality of injection nozzles provided along the outer periphery of the suction pipe. After the jet flow injected from the plurality of injection nozzles is once converged on the axis of the straight pipe portion of the negative pressure forming pipe, the jet flow is fully expanded in the straight pipe portion of the negative pressure forming pipe, and the jet flows from the expanded portion. A working negative pressure is formed on the upstream side of the flow, and the formed working negative pressure is made to act on a suction pipe provided concentrically with the negative pressure forming pipe and on the upstream side of the negative pressure forming pipe. A guide having an inclined surface with an angle substantially along the mounting angle of the injection nozzle while enclosing the flowed material sucked from the suction pipe with the jet flow being converged. While pushing the feed at the part, push it into the negative pressure forming pipe. It is characterized in that so as to feed crowded by flow.

  According to the jet pump of the present invention, a plurality of injection nozzles are arranged at equal intervals along the outer periphery of the suction pipe provided concentrically with the negative pressure forming pipe and upstream of the negative pressure forming pipe. The jet flow once converged on the axis in the negative pressure forming tube is a simple structure in which the jet nozzle is oriented so that the jet flow injected from the nozzle is once converged on the axis in the negative pressure forming tube. Diffuses rapidly with the impacted energy, spreads fully in the negative pressure forming tube while maintaining a sufficient flow velocity, and forms a negative pressure in the negative pressure forming tube in the upstream portion of the jet flow from this expanded portion Therefore, there is an advantage that a large amount of negative pressure corresponding to the diameter of the negative pressure forming tube can be stably formed.

  According to the present invention, the jet flow from the injection nozzle once converged on the axis in the negative pressure forming pipe is rapidly diffused by the colliding energy and spreads in the negative pressure forming pipe. The distance to the part of the negative pressure forming tube that is fully expanded in the flow is significantly shorter than that of the conventional jet pump disclosed in Patent Document 2, and there is an advantage that the jet pump can be further downsized.

  In the present invention, since the suction pipe for sucking the feed containing solid mass is formed concentrically with the negative pressure forming pipe and on the upstream side of the negative pressure forming pipe, the suction pipe is longer. The solid mass is directly sent directly from the suction tube to the negative pressure forming tube to prevent clogging by the solid mass, so that the suction and flow work can be performed continuously and stably. There is an advantage that the work efficiency can be remarkably improved.

  Further, when the solid mass sucked from the suction pipe touches the jet stream that is jetted from a plurality of jet nozzles disposed on the outer periphery of the suction pipe and converges toward the negative pressure forming pipe on the downstream side, The solid mass is energized by the flow of the jet flow from its surroundings, and is pushed into the negative pressure forming pipe vigorously, so that the work such as suction and flow can be performed without causing pulsation due to the break of the jet flow. Can be performed continuously in a stable state, and the work efficiency can be remarkably improved.

  In addition, when the flowed material sucked into the suction pipe includes a solid mass such as a long object having leaves, twigs, etc., in the configuration of the conventional jet pump, the solid mass is changed from the suction pipe to the negative pressure forming pipe. When moving, leaves and twigs spread, causing clogging. However, in the present invention, since the guide portion provided with the inclined surface having an angle substantially along the mounting angle of the injection nozzle is formed, when the solid mass moves from the suction tube to the negative pressure forming tube, The periphery of the solid lump (leaves, twigs, etc.) is pushed into the negative pressure forming tube while being compressed by the jet stream being converged and the inclined guide portion. As a result, even when sucking a bulky solid lump having leaves, twigs, etc., it is possible to prevent clogging of the negative pressure forming tube, so that there is an advantage that the suction and flow work can be improved. is there.

  In the case where the jet flow injected from each injection nozzle in the present invention is an air-mixed jet flow mixed with air as described above, after converging once in the negative pressure forming tube, it spreads to the full in the negative pressure forming tube. At times, air such as bubbles contained in the mixed-air jet flow acts as an insulator that reduces friction between the mixed-air jet flow and the inner peripheral surface of the negative pressure forming pipe, so that the jet flow injected from each injection nozzle Prevent as much as possible attenuation of the flow. Thereby, there is an advantage that a large amount of negative pressure can be stably formed.

It is the schematic which shows an example of the jet pump concerning this invention. It is a rear view of the injection nozzle part of the jet pump concerning this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the injection nozzle part which forms the mixed-air jet flow of the jet pump concerning this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the effect | action of the injection nozzle which forms the mixed-air jet flow of the jet pump concerning this invention. It is a schematic side view which shows the effect | action of the mixed-air jet flow of the jet pump concerning this invention. It is action | operation explanatory drawing of the jet pump concerning this invention. It is a vertical side view of the conventional multiple nozzle type jet pump.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The most preferred embodiments of a jet pump, a negative pressure forming method using a jet pump, and a suction flow method using a jet pump according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view (cross-sectional view) showing an example of a jet pump according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 generally indicates the jet pump.

  The jet pump 1 has a high-pressure water supply source 2 that supplies high-pressure water, a plurality of injection nozzles 3 that inject high-pressure water from the high-pressure water supply source 2, and jet streams that are jetted from the plurality of injection nozzles 3. The negative pressure forming tube 4 in which the working negative pressure is formed by the above, and the substantially negative tubular shape in which the working negative pressure formed by the negative pressure forming tube 4 is acted to suck inflow material or take out the working negative pressure. The suction tube 5 is provided.

  The high-pressure water supply source 2 includes a water storage tank (water source) 6, a pressure pump 10 that sucks and pressurizes water 7 stored in the water storage tank 6 through a strainer 8 and a water supply path 9, and a pressure pump 10. The high-pressure water supply path 11 supplies the pressurized high-pressure water to the plurality of injection nozzles 3.

  The negative pressure forming pipe 4 is arranged in a straight line with a gap S1 (see also FIG. 4) in the vicinity of each other on the same axis C as the suction pipe 5 formed in a cylindrical straight tube. A guide portion 13 composed of a funnel-shaped inclined surface 12 is formed at one end of the side, and the diameter (inner diameter) D1 of the negative pressure forming pipe 4 and the diameter (inner diameter) D2 of the suction pipe are set to substantially the same diameter. is there.

  On the other hand, the suction pipe 5 is supported by an injection nozzle support member 17, and the injection nozzle support member 17 is formed integrally with the mounting flange portion 15. The mounting flange portion 15 is attached to the flange portion 14 formed on the guide portion 13 of the negative pressure forming tube 4 with a fixture 16. By assembling the constituent members in this way, the basic structure of the jet pump 1 of the present invention is realized.

  Inside the injection nozzle support member 17, an air chamber 20 for taking outside air from the intake port 19 through the metering valve 18 is formed so as to surround the outer periphery of the suction pipe 5, and a partition wall before and after forming the air chamber 20. A plurality of (four in this example) spray nozzles 3 are arranged at equal intervals on the outer periphery of the suction pipe 5 over the portion (see FIGS. 2 to 3).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, each of the plurality of injection nozzles 3 is configured such that each jet flow injected from the injection port 21 of each injection nozzle 3 is on the axis C in the straight pipe portion 22 of the negative pressure forming pipe 4. Are attached at an angle (an inclination angle of each injection nozzle 3 with respect to the axis of the negative pressure forming tube 4) θ.

  Incidentally, in this example, the attachment angle θ of each injection nozzle 3 is set to 13 °, and the center of the injection port formed at the tip of the nozzle member 27 of the injection nozzle 3 is downstream of the suction pipe 5. It is arranged on the upstream side of the side (right side in FIG. 1) end portion, and a gap S2 is formed between them (see FIG. 4). With this configuration, the fluid containing the solid mass that has passed through the suction tube 5 flows into the negative pressure forming tube 4 without contacting the injection port of the nozzle member 27. It is possible to prevent damage to the nozzle member 27 due to an object or the like and accumulation of a solid mass in the vicinity of the nozzle member 27.

  In addition, in the guide portion 13 formed of the funnel-shaped inclined surface 12 formed near the suction tube 5 of the negative pressure forming tube 4, the opening portion 36 at the end of the suction tube 5 has at least the plurality of injection nozzles 3. It is formed so as to have a diameter that surrounds the injection port 21. Furthermore, the angle of the funnel-shaped inclined surface 12 is substantially the same as the attachment angle θ of each injection nozzle 3 (13 ° in this example). A gap S3 is formed between the funnel-shaped inclined surface 12 (see FIG. 5). The guide portion 13 configured as described above smoothly guides each jet flow from each injection nozzle 3 and a solid mass sucked as described later toward the convergence point 23 in the negative pressure forming tube 4 without leakage. can do.

  Each injection nozzle 3 has an air-jet jet formed by mixing a large amount of outside air (air) taken into the air chamber 20 from the air intake 19 through the metering valve 18. 21 is an injection nozzle 3 for an air-fuel mixture jetted from 21.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 5, the air-jet jet nozzle 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape and a pressure water supply port 24 to which one end (left side in the figure) is connected to the high-pressure water supply path 11. A casing (main body portion) 25, a nozzle member 27 in which an air-fuel mixture jet passage 26 for injecting an air-fuel mixture flow into the negative pressure forming pipe 4 is formed inside the casing 25, and the upstream side of the nozzle member 27 Are provided with a jet nozzle 29 having a high-pressure water passage 28 having a diameter slightly smaller than that of the air-mixing jet passage 26, and a nozzle holder 30 containing the jet nozzle 29.

  An annular air pocket 32 is formed between the downstream half of the nozzle holder 30 and the inner peripheral surface of the casing 25 with the outer peripheral portion having a stepped small diameter. The air reservoir 32 and the air chamber 20 are the casing. 25 is communicated with an intake hole 33 formed in 25.

  An air inflow gap 31 is formed between the downstream end surface of the jet nozzle 29 and the upstream end surface of the nozzle member 27 facing the jet nozzle 29, and the tip portion of the jet nozzle 29 is tapered. An air supply gap 34 communicating with the air inflow gap 31 is formed between the inner peripheral surfaces of the nozzle holder 30. The air supply gap 34 and the air reservoir 32 are communicated with each other through a vent hole 35.

  In addition, the code | symbol 38 in FIG. 1 is a flow pipe connected to the downstream of the negative pressure formation pipe | tube 4, Comprising: The jet pump 1 of this invention removes a solid lump like a port dredging and disaster recovery work. In the case of sucking in sludge and the like, although not shown, the other end of the flow pipe 38 is opened as a discharge port for discharging sludge and the like to a transport processing facility such as a truck or a barge ship.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when the high pressure water is supplied from the pressure water supply port 24 to the high pressure water passage 28 of the jet nozzle 29 as shown in FIG. The jet flow 40 travels straight along the axis C <b> 2 and gradually travels through the mixed air jet passage 26 in the nozzle member 27. When the straight jet stream 40 spreads in the air-fuel mixture jet passage 26, a virtual piston 39 that continuously acts toward the downstream side is formed as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.

  Here, the process of forming the virtual piston 39 and the process of forming the air-fueled jet will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 6. Jet flow that is injected from the high-pressure water passage 28 into the nozzle member 27 and gradually spreads. 40 is widened due to a drag 41 caused by atmospheric resistance or the like opposed to this, and as shown in FIG. 6, it flies as countless mists 42, 42,.

  At this time, the air in the downstream (front side) portion of the mist 42, 42,..., 42 in the flight (running) direction is pressurized as indicated by the dotted lines, and the mists 42, 42,. The upstream side of 42 in the flight direction is a negative pressure. Among the air pressurized at the front portions of the innumerable mists 42, 42,..., 42, when adjacent ones continue, when viewed as a whole, this is as if it is directed toward the downstream injection port 21. Thus, a virtual piston 39 is formed which acts continuously.

  When the virtual piston 39 is formed, the inside of the air-fuel mixture jet passage 26 on the upstream side becomes negative pressure, and the air in the air chamber 20 is caused by the negative pressure to the intake hole 33, the air reservoir 32, the vent hole 35, the air supply. The air is sucked into the mixed air jet passage 26 from the air inflow gap 31 through the gap 34. The air sucked into the mixed-air jet passage 26 is mixed into the jet flow 40 passing through the passage 26, and the jet flow 40 becomes a mixed-jet flow 37 containing a large amount of air, and the injection port 21 of the injection nozzle 3. Are injected along the inclined surface 12 of the guide portion 13 (see FIG. 5). In FIG. 1, reference numeral 43 denotes a suction port, and this suction port 43 is formed at one end of the suction tube 5 for convenience in this example. However, depending on the work, a suction hose ( You may make it form in the front-end | tip part of (not shown).

  As an example of use of the jet pump 1 of the present invention configured as described above, a case where the present invention is applied to suction of sludge and the like containing solid lump as in harbor dredging or disaster recovery work will be described below.

  First, the suction port 43 of the jet pump 1 is directed toward the object to be suctioned, while the discharge port at the other end of the flow pipe 38 is opened to a transport processing facility such as a transport truck or a barge ship to complete the preparation for installation. Then, the pressurizing pump 10 is started.

  When the pressurizing pump 10 is driven, the pressurizing pump 10 sucks the water 7 in the water storage tank 6 through the strainer 8 as shown in FIG. The high-pressure water boosted to a high pressure by the pressurizing pump 10 is supplied to the pressure water supply port 24 of the injection nozzle 3 through the high-pressure water supply path 11.

  As described above, the high-pressure water supplied to the pressure water supply port 24 becomes the mixed-air jet flow 37 at each injection nozzle 3 portion (see FIG. 5) and enters the negative pressure forming pipe 4 from the guide 13. , Once converged at a convergence point 23 in the straight pipe portion 22. Here, the air-fuel mixture jets 37 that have advanced from the four directions to the convergence point 23 collide with each other here, and as shown in FIG. The four straight pipe portions 22 are fully filled and spread toward the downstream feed pipe 38.

  When the mixed air-jet flow 37 that is suddenly integrated spreads out in the straight pipe portion 22 of the negative pressure forming pipe 4, a virtual piston 45 for forming a working negative pressure is formed here again in the same manner as described above. . When the virtual piston 45 for forming the working negative pressure is formed, the mixed-air jet flow 37 and the air contained therein act like a lubricating oil between the cylinder and the piston in an internal combustion engine. Demonstrate.

  The air acting as the lubricating oil acts as an insulator that blocks the friction between the inner peripheral surface of the negative pressure forming pipe 4 and the jet flow 37 that travels straight in the straight pipe portion 22 of the negative pressure forming pipe 4. Therefore, it is prevented as much as possible that the flow of the jet stream 37 that travels straight while maintaining airtightness is reduced, and a large amount of powerful negative pressure is formed in the upstream portion of the straight pipe portion 22.

  Thus, when the virtual piston 45 for working negative pressure is formed and a large amount of strong negative pressure is formed on the upstream side in the straight pipe portion 22 of the negative pressure forming pipe 4, a solid mass is formed with this negative pressure. Sludge containing substances is sucked from the suction port 43 into the straight pipe portion 22 of the negative pressure forming pipe 4 and discharged from the flow pipe 38 together with the mixed-air jet stream 37 to be used for transport processing facilities such as trucks and barges. Flowed and processed.

  At this time, when the solid mass to be transported is a long object such as a relatively long wood 44 as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 7, the wood 44 sucked from the suction port 43 by the negative pressure is The periphery of the guide portion 13 is surrounded by the mixed air jet flow 37 ejected from the ejection nozzle 3. When the wood 44 touches the surrounding air-jet flow 37, the wood 44 is pushed into the straight pipe portion 22 of the negative pressure forming pipe 4 while being accelerated by the air-fuel-jet flow 37, and is strongly directed toward the flow tube 38. To be streamed to.

  As a result, even if a long solid mass such as a relatively long wood 44 is sucked into the jet pump 1 of the present invention, the flow of the mixed air jet 37 is not disturbed, and the mixed air jet 37 Thus, smooth and stable suction and flow work can be continuously performed without the occurrence of pulsation due to the interruption.

  Although not shown in the figure, the solid lump is bulky with leaves, twigs, etc. When it is sucked with a conventional jet pump (for example, see FIG. 8), it goes out of the suction tube 5. When passing through the bent portion 151 and moving to the negative pressure forming tube 4, leaves, twigs, etc. tend to spread.

  On the other hand, when the solid mass is sucked by the jet pump 1 of the present invention, the surroundings are compressed and compressed by the mixed air jet 37 surrounding the solid mass and the inclined surface 12 of the guide portion 13. While being pushed, it is pushed into the negative pressure forming tube 4. As a result, even if a bulky solid mass having leaves, twigs, or the like is included in the suction target, once the solid pump is sucked into the suction tube 5 by the jet pump 1 of the present invention, it is directly or C axis. A solid mass is guided into the negative pressure forming tube 4 in a state of being compressed toward the tube, and the suction and flow processing can be performed by strongly feeding the solid mass to the flow tube 38.

  In this sense, if the suction port 43 is formed in a funnel shape as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1, the range of suction can be expanded and the working efficiency can be improved.

  In this example, the diameter D1 of the negative pressure forming tube 4 and the diameter D2 of the suction tube are substantially the same diameter. However, as already described, even if the solid mass is bulky with leaves, twigs, etc., The air jet flow 37 and the inclined surface 12 of the guide portion 13 are pushed into the negative pressure forming tube 4 while compressing the periphery of the solid lump, and strongly fed to the flow tube 38 to perform suction and flow processing. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above example, and the diameter D1 of the negative pressure forming tube 4 can be made smaller than the diameter D2 of the suction tube. Conversely, when the diameter D1 of the negative pressure forming tube 4 is increased, it can theoretically be expanded to the size of the opening portion 36 of the guide portion 13.

  In the said embodiment, although the jet pump 1 of this invention is demonstrated to the case where it applies to the use which attracts | sucks the sludge etc. which contain a solid lump like the port dredging or disaster recovery work, for example, When the jet pump 1 according to the present invention is used as a negative pressure generating device, such as when generating a negative pressure for suction of the dehydrating device or making the inside of the reserve tank negative, the suction pipe 5 in the above embodiment is used. It can be used as a pipe for taking out negative pressure, and the water 7 can be circulated and reused by opening the outlet of the negative pressure forming pipe 4 or the outlet of the flow pipe 38 to the water storage tank (water source) 6 in FIG. . In such a case, for example, it can be used as a place where it is difficult to secure the water 7, for example, an in-vehicle negative pressure forming device.

  As described above, when the jet pump 1 according to the present invention is used as a negative pressure forming device, the diameter D1 of the negative pressure forming tube 4 depends on the use of the negative pressure, that is, the amount of negative pressure required and the degree of negative pressure. It is desirable to change.

  That is, when the diameter D 1 of the negative pressure forming pipe 4 is increased, the formation position of the working negative pressure forming virtual piston 45 formed in the straight pipe portion 22 on the downstream side from the convergence point 23 further flows from the convergence point 23. Since it is formed on the feed pipe 38 side and is further away from the injection nozzle 3, the flow velocity of the mixed gas jet flow 37 is lowered and the negative pressure level is lowered accordingly, but it matches the diameter D1 of the increased negative pressure forming pipe 4. A large amount of negative pressure can be obtained.

  On the other hand, when the diameter D1 of the negative pressure forming pipe 4 is reduced, the formation position of the working negative pressure forming virtual piston 45 formed in the straight pipe portion 22 on the downstream side from the convergence point 23 is closer to the convergence point 23. Since the air-jet flow 37 of the part is formed at the position and the flow velocity is fast and the flow is strong, a negative pressure having a high negative pressure can be formed. Incidentally, the diameter D1 of the negative pressure forming tube 4 can theoretically be minimized to the size of the convergence point 23 portion where the mixed air jet flow 37 converges.

  In the above embodiment, the attachment angle θ of each injection nozzle 3 with respect to the axis C of the negative pressure forming tube 4 is set to 13 °. This angle θ is preferably in the range of 0 ° <θ ≦ 30 °. More preferably, it is set in the range of 10 ° <θ ≦ 20 °. The mounting angle θ of each injection nozzle 3 is set according to the pressurizing force of the pressurizing pump and the dimensions of the diameter D1 of the negative pressure forming pipe 4 and the diameter D2 of the suction pipe 5 according to the use of the jet pump 1. Is done.

  For example, when the diameter D2 of the suction pipe 5 is reduced or the pressurizing force of the pressurizing pump is increased extremely, the attachment angle θ of the injection nozzle 3 can be reduced. At 0 °, the injection direction of the injection nozzle 3 is parallel to the axis C of the straight tube portion 22 of the negative pressure forming tube 4, and the convergence point 23 cannot be formed.

  On the other hand, when the mounting angle θ of the injection nozzle 3 exceeds 30 °, the running energy of the mixed jet stream 37 colliding at the convergence point 23 is opposed, and the attenuation of the flow velocity and the flow becomes large. Since the performance is greatly reduced, it is not preferable as the setting range of the angle θ.

  When the diameter D1 of the negative pressure forming tube 4 and the diameter D2 of the suction tube are substantially the same as in the above embodiment, the mounting angle θ of each injection nozzle 3 with respect to the axis of the negative pressure forming tube 4 is 10 °. Efficiency is most improved in the range of <θ ≦ 20 °.

  In the above embodiment, the number of the injection nozzles 3 attached is four, but the number is not limited to this example. If the number of attachments is at least two, the convergence point 23 is formed on the axis C of the straight tube portion 22 of the negative pressure forming tube 4, and the above-described functions and effects of the present invention can be achieved. From the viewpoint of flow stability of the flow 37, it is desirable that the number of the injection nozzles 3 be three or more.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the injection nozzle 3 is configured to form the mixed-air jet flow 37, but it is of course possible to inject only a high-pressure jet flow. In this embodiment, the negative pressure forming pipe 4 and the suction pipe 5 are arranged in a straight line with a gap S1 in a portion adjacent to each other on the same axis C as the suction pipe 5, but the gap S1 is not always necessary. . For example, the suction tube 5 can be configured to enter the opening portion 36 at the tip of the guide portion 13 of the negative pressure forming tube 4 together with the tip portions of the plurality of injection nozzles 3 disposed around the suction tube 5. .

  Incidentally, it is needless to say that the attachment structure of the injection nozzle 3, the support structure of the suction pipe 5, and the structure of the air chamber 20 can be variously changed and are not limited to the above-described embodiment.

  As described above, the jet pump according to the present invention can form a negative pressure according to the application, and prevents clogging of the negative pressure forming tube due to the solid mass and occurrence of large pulsation, and various operations are extremely stable. Since it can be carried out continuously, it is possible to suck and convey non-uniform and large solid bodies such as dam sedimentation work and harbor dredging work. In addition, when a strong negative pressure is required as in the above suction / conveyance work, of course, a large amount of negative pressure is required, such as in the washing and kneading work of uniform granular materials and powders. It can be widely used for any work.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Jet pump 2 ... High pressure water supply source 3 ... Injection nozzle 4 ... Negative pressure formation pipe 5 ... Suction pipe 6 ... Water storage tank (water source)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 7 ... Water 8 ... Strainer 9 ... Water supply path 10 ... Pressure pump 11 ... High pressure water supply path 12 ... Inclined surface 13 ... Guide part 14 ... Flange part 15 ... Mounting flange 16 ... Fixture 17 ... Injection nozzle support member 18 ... Metering valve 19 ... Intake port 20 ... Air chamber 21 ... Injection port 22 of injection nozzle 3 ... straight pipe portion 23 ... convergence point 24 ... pressure water supply port 25 ... casing 26 ... mixed gas jet passage 27 ... nozzle member 28 ... high-pressure water passage 29 ... Jet nozzle 30 ... Nozzle holder 31 ... Air inflow gap 32 ... Air reservoir 33 ... Intake hole 34 ... Air supply gap 35 ... Vent hole 36 ... Opening portion 37 ... mixed gas jet flow 38 ... flow pipe 39 ... virtual Stone 40 ... jet 41 ... drag 42 ... mist 43 ... suction port 44 ... square timber (Katakatamaributsu)
θ: mounting angle C of the injection nozzle 3 ... axis D1 ... diameter D2 of the straight pipe portion 22 of the negative pressure forming pipe 4 ... diameter S1 of the suction pipe 5 ... with the negative pressure forming pipe 4 Gap S2 between the suction pipe 5 ... Gap S3 between the injection port 27 and the suction pipe 5 ... Gap between the mixed gas jet 37 and the inclined surface 12

Claims (4)

A high-pressure water supply source, a plurality of injection nozzles for injecting high-pressure water from the high-pressure water supply source, and a negative pressure forming pipe for forming a working negative pressure by jetting jet flows from the plurality of injection nozzles, A suction pipe that takes out the working negative pressure formed by the negative pressure forming pipe or sucks the flowed material by applying the working negative pressure, and at least a part of the negative pressure forming pipe and the suction pipe are substantially cylindrical. Further, both pipes are provided in a straight line on the same axis, a plurality of injection nozzles are arranged at equal intervals along the outer periphery of the suction pipe, and the opening portion of the negative pressure forming pipe near the suction pipe is formed as described above. A plurality of injection nozzles are formed to have a large diameter so as to surround at least the injection ports. If you set the angle to converge once on the axis Moni, between the opening portion and the straight portion of the negative pressure forming tube, forming an inclined surface guide portion provided with an angle substantially along the mounting angle of the injection nozzle, and a plurality of injection nozzles Each of which has a small-diameter high-pressure water passage in a cylindrically formed main body portion, and an air-fuel mixture jet passage formed slightly larger in diameter on the downstream side of the high-pressure water passage on the same axis. Each of the injection nozzles is formed by providing a straight line with a gap for air inflow in the vicinity of both passages, and by forming a plurality of intake holes in the peripheral wall of the high-pressure water passage near the mixed-air jet passage. A jet pump characterized in that the jet flow injected from the air is an air-mixed jet flow mixed with air supplied from the atmosphere through an intake hole and an air inflow gap into the injection nozzle . 2. The jet pump according to claim 1, wherein the mounting angle θ of the injection nozzle is set in a range of 0 ° <θ ≦ 30 ° with respect to the axis of the negative pressure forming tube. A negative pressure forming method using the jet pump according to claim 1 or 2, wherein high-pressure water supplied from a high-pressure water supply source is supplied from a plurality of injection nozzles provided along the outer periphery of the suction pipe. After jetting as a jet flow, the jet flow jetted from the plurality of jet nozzles is once converged on the axis of the straight pipe part of the negative pressure forming pipe, and then spread to the full straight pipe part of the negative pressure forming pipe. The working negative pressure is formed on the upstream side of the jet flow from the portion, and the formed working negative pressure is caused to act on the suction pipe provided concentrically with the negative pressure forming pipe and on the upstream side of the negative pressure forming pipe. , the negative pressure forming how to characterized in that the the working negative pressure to extract from the suction port of the suction pipe as a negative pressure for vacuum forming. A suction flow method using the jet pump according to claim 1 or 2, wherein high-pressure water supplied from a high-pressure water supply source is supplied from a plurality of injection nozzles provided along the outer periphery of the suction pipe. After jetting as a jet flow, the jet flow jetted from the plurality of jet nozzles is once converged on the axis of the straight pipe part of the negative pressure forming pipe, and then spread to the full straight pipe part of the negative pressure forming pipe. The working negative pressure is formed on the upstream side of the jet flow from the portion, and the formed working negative pressure is caused to act on the suction pipe provided concentrically with the negative pressure forming pipe and on the upstream side of the negative pressure forming pipe. Inhalation of the feed containing solid agglomerates from the suction port of the suction pipe, and surrounding the feed sucked from the suction pipe with the converging jet flow, an inclined surface with an angle substantially along the mounting angle of the injection nozzle The negative pressure type while guiding the feed with the guide part with Intake引流feed how to characterized in that so as to feed fluid is pushed into the tube.

Images