JP5376621B2 - Indirect cooling device for hatching box - Google Patents

Indirect cooling device for hatching box Download PDF

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JP5376621B2
JP5376621B2 JP2008072970A JP2008072970A JP5376621B2 JP 5376621 B2 JP5376621 B2 JP 5376621B2 JP 2008072970 A JP2008072970 A JP 2008072970A JP 2008072970 A JP2008072970 A JP 2008072970A JP 5376621 B2 JP5376621 B2 JP 5376621B2
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pipe
cooling
hatching
hatching box
tube
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JP2009228943A (en
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嘉浩 安藤
裕司 大森
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NGK Insulators Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an indirect cooling device of a smoking box in which an indirect cooling pipe is hardly damaged even when it is used for a long period, and which is free from rust failure caused by oxide and capable of efficiently cooling the inside of the smoking box. <P>SOLUTION: The cooling pipe 6 of a double structure composed of an outer pipe 8 of a ceramic pipe and an inner pipe 9 of a metallic pipe, to make the cooling air supplied to a tip section of the outer pipe 8 through the inner pipe 9, be returned through the inside of the outer pipe, and exhausted to the external, is disposed on an inner face of a ceiling section of the smoking box 1 for manufacturing smoked tiles. In particular, the outer pipe 8 is composed of SiC impregnated with Si, and the inner pipe 9 is preferably composed of stainless steel. Thus the deterioration is hardly found even when it is used for a long period, and maintenance costs can be reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、燻し瓦製造用の燻化ボックスの内部を燻化剤の打ち込み後に冷却するための燻化ボックスの間接冷却装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an indirect cooling device for a hatching box for cooling the inside of a hatching box for producing tile roofing tiles after driving the hatching agent.

トンネル炉を利用した燻し瓦製造工程においては、焼成炉から出た直後の９００〜１０００℃程度の高温の瓦が積載された台車上に燻化ボックスを被せ、その内部にＬＰＧやＬＮＧなどの燻化ガスを打ち込み、炭化水素を熱分解させて瓦表面に炭素膜を形成させる燻化が行なわれる（非特許文献１）。このようにして瓦表面に形成された炭素膜は高温状態において空気と接触すると燃焼してしまい、良好な燻し瓦が得られなくなるので、燻化ボックスの内部に燻化ガスに続いて不活性ガスなどを打ち込んで空気を遮断しながら冷却されている。   In the tile tile manufacturing process using a tunnel furnace, a hatching box is placed on a carriage on which a high-temperature tile of about 900 to 1000 ° C. is loaded immediately after coming out of the firing furnace, and LPG, LNG, etc. Incubation is performed in which a gas is injected to thermally decompose hydrocarbons to form a carbon film on the tile surface (Non-patent Document 1). The carbon film thus formed on the surface of the tile burns when it comes into contact with air at a high temperature, and a good glazed roof tile cannot be obtained. It is cooled while driving air etc.

従来、燻化ガス打ち込み後の冷却は、例えば特許文献１に示されるように燻化ボックスを被せた台車を冷却ラインに引き出し、長時間を掛けて自然冷却に近い形で行なわれていた。しかしそのような冷却方法では多数の台車および燻化ボックスを必要とするうえ、生産能率が上がらないため、最近では燻化ボックスの内面を強制冷却することが行なわれている。   Conventionally, cooling after injecting the hatching gas has been performed in a form close to natural cooling over a long period of time by pulling a cart covered with an incubation box to a cooling line as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. However, since such a cooling method requires a large number of carts and hatching boxes and does not increase the production efficiency, recently, the inner surface of the hatching box has been forcibly cooled.

この冷却は、燻化ボックスの内部に冷却空気が入らないように間接冷却パイプを用いて行なわれる。使用されるパイプの材質は、熱衝撃に有効なステンレス管を使用している。ところが１〜２年を経過するとステンレス製の冷却パイプの酸化が著しく、空気漏れの危険性が生ずるため、新品との交換を行なわねばならなかった。その理由は本発明者の推測によれば、燻化ガス中の炭化水素が冷却パイプの表面にも付着し、酸素の有無に関係なく反応が進行してステンレス表面の耐腐食性皮膜を破壊し酸化反応を進行しているものと思われる。   This cooling is performed using an indirect cooling pipe so that cooling air does not enter the inside of the hatching box. The pipe material used is a stainless steel pipe effective for thermal shock. However, after a lapse of one to two years, the stainless steel cooling pipes were significantly oxidized, and there was a risk of air leakage. Therefore, replacement with a new one had to be performed. The reason for this is that, according to the inventor's guess, hydrocarbons in the hatching gas also adhere to the surface of the cooling pipe, and the reaction proceeds regardless of the presence or absence of oxygen, destroying the corrosion-resistant film on the stainless steel surface. It seems that the oxidation reaction is progressing.

この結果、燻化ボックスのメンテナンスコストが増加するうえに、冷却パイプの交換期間中は燻し瓦の生産ができなくなるという問題を引き起こしていた。またステンレス表面で発生した酸化物が燻化ボックスの内部に飛散し、瓦の表面に付着して錆不良と呼ばれる製品不良となる問題があった。
「粘土瓦ハンドブック」（技報堂出版）田中稔著、３６８頁 特開平７−２４２３２８号公報 As a result, the maintenance cost of the hatching box is increased, and there is a problem that it is impossible to produce the tile tiles during the replacement period of the cooling pipe. In addition, the oxide generated on the stainless steel surface is scattered inside the hatching box and adheres to the surface of the roof tile, resulting in a product defect called rust failure.
“Clay Tile Handbook” (Gihodo Publishing) by Tanaka Kei, 368 pages JP-A-7-242328

従って本発明の目的は上記した従来技術の問題点を解決し、長期間使用しても間接冷却パイプの損傷が少なく、酸化物による錆不良を発生させることがなく、しかも冷却効率よく燻化ボックスの内部を冷却することができる燻化ボックスの間接冷却装置を提供することである。   Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, with little damage to the indirect cooling pipe even when used for a long period of time, without causing rust failure due to oxides, and also in a hatching box with good cooling efficiency It is providing the indirect cooling device of the hatching box which can cool the inside.

上記の課題を解決するためになされた本発明の燻化ボックスの間接冷却装置は、燻し瓦製造用の燻化ボックスの天井部内面に、外管がセラミックス管、内管が金属管であって、内管を通じて外管の先端部に吹き込まれた冷却空気を外管の内部を通じて返流させ、外部に排気する二重構造の冷却パイプを設置したことを特徴とするものである。   An indirect cooling device for a hatching box according to the present invention made to solve the above-mentioned problem is that an inner tube is a ceramic tube and an inner tube is a metal tube on the inner surface of the ceiling portion of the hatching box for manufacturing tile tiles. The cooling air blown into the tip of the outer pipe through the inner pipe is returned through the outer pipe, and a double-structured cooling pipe for exhausting the outside is installed.

なお請求項２のように、外管を構成するセラミックスが、Ｓｉを含浸させたＳｉＣであり、内管を構成する金属がステンレス鋼であることが好ましく、また請求項３のように、二重構造の冷却パイプが直管状であって、燻化ボックスの天井部内面に両側から対向配置されている構造とすることができる。   As in claim 2, the ceramic constituting the outer tube is preferably SiC impregnated with Si, and the metal constituting the inner tube is preferably stainless steel. The cooling pipe of the structure may be a straight tube, and may be configured to be opposed to the inner surface of the ceiling portion of the hatching box from both sides.

本発明の燻化ボックスの間接冷却装置は、外管がセラミックス管、内管が金属管である二重構造の冷却パイプを燻化ボックスの天井部内面に配置したものである。このため燻化ガス中の炭化水素が冷却パイプの表面に付着しても劣化しにくく、特に請求項２のように外管を構成するセラミックスがＳｉを含浸させたＳｉＣとしておけば、加熱によって表面に薄いＳｉＯ2被膜が形成され、この被膜は損傷しても加熱により自動的に再生されるので、冷却パイプの劣化が進行しない。このため従来のような酸化物による錆不良を発生させることがない。 The indirect cooling device for a hatching box according to the present invention is a cooling pipe having a double structure in which an outer tube is a ceramic tube and an inner tube is a metal tube arranged on the inner surface of the ceiling portion of the hatching box. For this reason, even if the hydrocarbon in the hatching gas adheres to the surface of the cooling pipe, it does not easily deteriorate. A thin SiO 2 film is formed on the surface, and even if this film is damaged, it is automatically regenerated by heating, so that the cooling pipe does not deteriorate. For this reason, the rust defect by the conventional oxide is not generated.

また内管を通じて吹き込まれた冷却空気は、内管の先端から外管を介して返流し外部に排気されるようになっているので、燻化ボックスの内部に空気が侵入することはなく、瓦表面の炭素被膜が酸化されることはない。しかも冷却パイプを天井部内面に配置したので、燻化ボックス内部の高温雰囲気を効率よく冷却することができ、燻し瓦の生産速度を高めることができる。   In addition, the cooling air blown through the inner pipe returns from the tip of the inner pipe through the outer pipe and is exhausted to the outside, so that air does not enter the hatching box, The carbon film on the tile surface is not oxidized. And since the cooling pipe was arrange | positioned in the ceiling part inner surface, the high temperature atmosphere inside a hatching box can be cooled efficiently, and the production rate of a tile tile can be raised.

以下に本発明の好ましい実施形態を示す。
図１は本発明の実施形態を示す燻化ボックスの縦断面図、図２は燻化ボックスの天井部分の水平断面図である。燻化ボックス１自体は従来と同様に下面が開口したボックス状のもので、図１に示されるようにトンネル炉の内部を走行する台車２に被せられるものである。台車２上には、焼成用冶具４に支持された瓦Ｗが搭載されている。 Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown below.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hatching box showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of a ceiling portion of the hatching box. The hatching box 1 itself has a box-like shape with an open bottom as in the prior art, and is covered with a carriage 2 that runs inside the tunnel furnace as shown in FIG. A roof tile W supported by a firing jig 4 is mounted on the carriage 2.

図示されていないが、燻化ボックス１の下端５と台車２との間には、公知のシール構造を設けておく。また図示されていないが、燻化ボックス１には燻化ガスを打ち込むための配管が設けられており、多数のノズルから燻化ボックス１の内部に燻化ガスを分散させて均一に供給できるようになっている。これらの構造は周知であり、かつ本発明の要部ではないため説明を省略する。   Although not shown, a known seal structure is provided between the lower end 5 of the hatching box 1 and the carriage 2. Although not shown in the figure, the hatching box 1 is provided with piping for driving the hatching gas so that the hatching gas can be uniformly distributed from the numerous nozzles into the hatching box 1. It has become. Since these structures are well known and are not the main part of the present invention, description thereof will be omitted.

燻化ボックス１の天井部内面には、冷却パイプ６が吊具７によってほぼ水平に支持されている。図３に拡大して示したように、冷却パイプ６は外管８がセラミックス管、内管９が金属管からなるもので、内管９は穴開きのスペーサ１０によって外管８の中心に保持されている。また外管８の基部はフランジ１１によって燻化ボックス１の壁面１２に固定され、内管９の基部はそれよりも外側に突出して圧縮空気の受け入れ部１３となっている。外管８の基部と内管９の基部との間には環状の開口が形成され、圧縮空気を排気できるようになっている。外管８の先端は封止されており、内管９の先端は開口しているが外管８の先端内面よりもやや離れた位置にある。   On the inner surface of the ceiling portion of the hatching box 1, a cooling pipe 6 is supported substantially horizontally by a hanger 7. As shown in FIG. 3 in an enlarged manner, the cooling pipe 6 has an outer tube 8 made of a ceramic tube and an inner tube 9 made of a metal tube. The inner tube 9 is held at the center of the outer tube 8 by a perforated spacer 10. Has been. Further, the base portion of the outer tube 8 is fixed to the wall surface 12 of the hatching box 1 by a flange 11, and the base portion of the inner tube 9 protrudes further outward to form a compressed air receiving portion 13. An annular opening is formed between the base portion of the outer tube 8 and the base portion of the inner tube 9 so that compressed air can be exhausted. The distal end of the outer tube 8 is sealed, and the distal end of the inner tube 9 is open, but is slightly away from the inner surface of the distal end of the outer tube 8.

外管８を構成するセラミックスの材質は、耐熱性と強度に優れるうえに、燻化ガス中の炭化水素による侵食をうけにくいＳｉを含浸させたＳｉＣであることが好ましい。この材料はＳｉＣ粒子の間隙をＳｉが埋めているために緻密質であって高温強度が非常に大きい。また前記したように加熱されると表面に薄いＳｉＯ2被膜が形成され、この被膜は損傷しても加熱により自動的に再生されるので、燻化ガス中の炭化水素と接触しても冷却パイプの劣化が進行しない。 The material of the ceramic constituting the outer tube 8 is preferably SiC impregnated with Si which is excellent in heat resistance and strength and is not easily eroded by hydrocarbons in the hatching gas. This material is dense because Si fills the gaps between the SiC particles, and has a high high-temperature strength. When heated as described above, a thin SiO 2 film is formed on the surface, and even if this film is damaged, it is automatically regenerated by heating. Degradation does not progress.

しかもこのＳｉ−ＳｉＣは熱伝導性に優れるため、その内部に冷却空気を流すと壁面を介して燻化ボックス１の内部雰囲気との熱交換が効率的に行なわれる。具体的には、３５０℃における熱伝導性は０．２３（cal/sec.cm.℃）であり、ステンレス管の熱伝導性は０．０３４（cal/sec.cm.℃）であるから、６倍以上の熱伝導性を持つ。 Moreover, since this Si—SiC is excellent in thermal conductivity, heat exchange with the internal atmosphere of the hatching box 1 is efficiently performed through the wall surface when cooling air is passed through the Si—SiC. Specifically, the thermal conductivity at 350 ° C. is 0.23 (cal / sec.cm. ° C.), and the thermal conductivity of the stainless steel tube is 0.034 (cal / sec.cm. ° C.). It has a thermal conductivity of 6 times or more.

内管９は耐熱性に優れた金属で製作することが好ましい。セラミック製とすることも可能であるが、冷却空気が吹き込まれる内管９は外管８に比較して要求される耐熱性が低いため、安価な金属製とすることが好ましい。またインコネル（登録商標）のような特殊な耐熱金属を使用することも不可能ではないが、コスト面からステンレス製とすることが好ましい。 The inner tube 9 is preferably made of a metal having excellent heat resistance. Although it is possible to use ceramic, the inner tube 9 into which the cooling air is blown is preferably made of an inexpensive metal because the required heat resistance is lower than that of the outer tube 8. Although it is not impossible to use a special heat-resistant metal such as Inconel (registered trademark) , it is preferable to use stainless steel from the viewpoint of cost.

上記のような二重構造の冷却パイプ６は、図示のような直管状とすることが、特に外管８を構成するセラミックパイプを成形し易いので好ましい。Ｕ字状のセラミックパイプなども屈曲部を接合すれば製作可能であるが、長期間使用すると接合部に繰り返し熱応力が作用して割れる危険性があるためあまり好ましくない。特にＳｉ−ＳｉＣ製の場合にはこの傾向が顕著である。なお最近では燻化ボックス１が大型化しており、対向する側壁間の距離がセラミックパイプの成形可能な距離を越えることもある。その場合には図示のように、燻化ボックス１の天井部内面に両側から対向配置することが好ましい。このような構造とすれば燻化ボックス１の中心部まで均一な冷却が可能となる。   The cooling pipe 6 having a double structure as described above is preferably a straight pipe as shown in the figure, since the ceramic pipe constituting the outer pipe 8 can be easily formed. A U-shaped ceramic pipe or the like can also be manufactured by joining bent portions, but if used for a long period of time, there is a risk of repeated thermal stress acting on the joined portions, which is not preferable. This tendency is particularly noticeable in the case of Si-SiC. In recent years, the hatching box 1 has become larger, and the distance between the opposing side walls may exceed the distance at which the ceramic pipe can be formed. In that case, as shown in the drawing, it is preferable that the hatching box 1 is disposed so as to face the ceiling portion inner surface from both sides. With such a structure, uniform cooling to the center of the hatching box 1 is possible.

このように構成された冷却パイプ６を備えた燻化ボックス１は、従来と同様に焼成直後の瓦を搭載した台車２に被せられる。このとき燻化ボックス１の内部温度は例えば９００〜１０００℃程度となる。なおこの温度自体は瓦の産地によって瓦生地が異なるため、様々である。これとほぼ同時に燻化ガスが打ち込まれる。燻化ガス中の炭化水素の熱分解による燻化反応は短時間内に急速に進行し、燻化ボックス内部の圧力が低下するため、引き続いて窒素ガスなどの不活性ガスの打ち込みが行われ、内圧はプラス圧に維持される。   The hatching box 1 provided with the cooling pipe 6 configured as described above is placed on a carriage 2 on which roof tiles immediately after firing are mounted as in the conventional case. At this time, the internal temperature of the hatching box 1 is about 900 to 1000 ° C., for example. The temperature itself varies depending on the tile production area and the tile fabric. Almost simultaneously, hatching gas is injected. The hatching reaction by thermal decomposition of the hydrocarbon in the hatching gas proceeds rapidly within a short time, and the pressure inside the hatching box decreases, so an inert gas such as nitrogen gas is subsequently injected, The internal pressure is maintained at a positive pressure.

また燻化反応の直後から、冷却パイプ６の内管９の先端の圧縮空気の受け入れ部から、図示しないが公知の冷却空気供給用ノズルによって冷却空気が供給される。冷却空気は冷却パイプ６の内管９の内部を通って外管８の先端部に吹き込まれ、図示のように外管８の内部を通じて返流し、外管８の基部と内管９の基部との間の環状の開口から外部に排気される。この間に外管８の管壁を介して燻化ボックス１の内部雰囲気を間接冷却する。冷却速度は冷却風量によって自由に制御可能である。冷却は最も高温の天井部において行われるので、効率よくかつ均等な冷却が可能となる。   Immediately after the hatching reaction, cooling air is supplied from a compressed air receiving portion at the tip of the inner tube 9 of the cooling pipe 6 by a known cooling air supply nozzle (not shown). The cooling air is blown into the distal end portion of the outer tube 8 through the inner tube 9 of the cooling pipe 6, and returns to the inner portion of the outer tube 8 as shown in the drawing, and the base portion of the outer tube 8 and the base portion of the inner tube 9. It is exhausted to the outside through an annular opening. During this time, the internal atmosphere of the hatching box 1 is indirectly cooled through the tube wall of the outer tube 8. The cooling rate can be freely controlled by the amount of cooling air. Since cooling is performed at the highest temperature ceiling, efficient and even cooling is possible.

このようにして炭化被膜が酸化されるおそれのない４００℃以下にまで冷却したのちに燻化ボックス１を取り外す。冷却パイプ６による間接冷却のため、冷却空気が燻化ボックス１の内部に入ることはなく、かつ不活性ガスの打ち込みにより内圧はプラス圧に維持されているので、外気が侵入することもない。なお外管８を熱伝導性に優れるＳｉ−ＳｉＣ製とすれば、優れた冷却効率が達成できる。   Thus, after cooling to 400 degrees C or less without a possibility that a carbonized film may be oxidized, the hatching box 1 is removed. Due to the indirect cooling by the cooling pipe 6, the cooling air does not enter the inside of the hatching box 1, and the internal pressure is maintained at a positive pressure by the injecting of the inert gas, so that the outside air does not enter. In addition, if the outer tube 8 is made of Si—SiC having excellent thermal conductivity, excellent cooling efficiency can be achieved.

上記に示したように燻化ボックス１は１０００℃程度の高温と室温との間の昇温と降温とを繰り返し、冷却パイプ６には大きな熱的負荷が発生する。しかし本発明においては、冷却パイプ６として外管８がセラミックス管、内管９が金属管からなる二重構造の冷却パイプ６を使用したため、熱応力による破損や変形のおそれがない。特に実施形態のように片持ち支持構造とすれば、自由な熱膨張が可能となるので有利である。   As shown above, the hatching box 1 repeats temperature rise and fall between a high temperature of about 1000 ° C. and room temperature, and a large thermal load is generated on the cooling pipe 6. However, in the present invention, since the cooling pipe 6 is a double-structure cooling pipe 6 in which the outer pipe 8 is a ceramic pipe and the inner pipe 9 is a metal pipe, there is no risk of damage or deformation due to thermal stress. In particular, a cantilevered support structure as in the embodiment is advantageous because free thermal expansion is possible.

また燻化工程においては、冷却パイプ６の表面に燻化ガス中の炭化水素が付着するが、本発明では冷却パイプ６の外管８をセラミックス管としたので、従来のステンレス管を使用した場合のような劣化は生じない。特に冷却パイプ６の外管８をＳｉ−ＳｉＣ製とすれば材質が緻密であるうえ、加熱によって耐食性のシリカ皮膜が自然に形成されるので、長期間使用してもほとんど劣化は認められない。このため冷却パイプ６の交換が不要となり、メンテナンスコストを引き下げることが可能となる。また本発明によれば、従来のステンレス管のような酸化物による錆不良を発生させることがない。   Also, in the hatching process, hydrocarbons in the hatching gas adhere to the surface of the cooling pipe 6, but in the present invention, the outer pipe 8 of the cooling pipe 6 is a ceramic pipe, so that when a conventional stainless steel pipe is used Such deterioration does not occur. In particular, if the outer pipe 8 of the cooling pipe 6 is made of Si—SiC, the material is dense and a corrosion-resistant silica film is naturally formed by heating, so that almost no deterioration is observed even when used for a long time. For this reason, it is not necessary to replace the cooling pipe 6, and the maintenance cost can be reduced. Moreover, according to this invention, the rust defect by an oxide like the conventional stainless steel pipe | tube does not generate | occur | produce.

本発明の実施形態を示す燻化ボックスの縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hatching box which shows embodiment of this invention. 燻化ボックスの天井部分の水平断面図である。It is a horizontal sectional view of the ceiling part of a hatching box. 冷却パイプの拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view of a cooling pipe.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 燻化ボックス
２ 台車
４ 焼成用冶具
５ 燻化ボックスの下端
６ 冷却パイプ
７ 吊具
８ 外管
９ 内管
１０ スペーサ
１１ フランジ
１２ 燻化ボックスの壁面
１３ 圧縮空気の受け入れ部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hatching box 2 Carriage 4 Firing jig 5 Lower end of hatching box 6 Cooling pipe 7 Hanging tool 8 Outer tube 9 Inner tube 10 Spacer 11 Flange 12 Wall of hatching box 13 Compressed air receiving portion

Claims (3)

燻し瓦製造用の燻化ボックスの天井部内面に、外管がセラミックス管、内管が金属管であって、内管を通じて外管の先端部に吹き込まれた冷却空気を外管の内部を通じて返流させ、外部に排気する二重構造の冷却パイプを設置したことを特徴とする燻化ボックスの間接冷却装置。   On the inner surface of the hatching box for glazed roof tiles, the outer tube is a ceramic tube and the inner tube is a metal tube. The cooling air blown into the tip of the outer tube through the inner tube is returned through the inside of the outer tube. An indirect cooling device for hatching boxes, which is equipped with a double-structured cooling pipe that flows and exhausts outside. 外管を構成するセラミックスが、Ｓｉを含浸させたＳｉＣであり、内管を構成する金属がステンレス鋼であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の燻化ボックスの間接冷却装置。   2. The indirect cooling device for a hatching box according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic constituting the outer tube is SiC impregnated with Si, and the metal constituting the inner tube is stainless steel. 二重構造の冷却パイプが直管状であって、燻化ボックスの天井部内面に両側から対向配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の燻化ボックスの間接冷却装置。   2. The indirect cooling device for a hatching box according to claim 1, wherein the cooling pipe having a double structure is a straight pipe and is arranged to face the ceiling part inner surface of the hatching box from both sides.
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