JP5370387B2 - Rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotating electric machine enabling both increase in output of a motor and reduction in nonuniformity of motor rotation, vibration and noise, and enabling reduction in commutation sparks. <P>SOLUTION: This rotating electric machine includes upper layer windings and lower layer windings which are wound around a slot group 22c of an armature 20, comprise two upper and lower layers and have the same wire turns. In upper layer windings 27, 28 and lower layer winding 25, 26 wound around the slot group 22c with the same phase, one ends of the upper layer winding 27 and the lower layer winding 25 are connected to a segment S2 on the side around which the upper layer winding 27 and the lower layer winding 25 are wound. The other end of the upper layer winding 27 is connected to a segment S3 on the side around which the upper layer winding 27 and the lower layer winding 25 are wound, and the other end of the lower layer winding 25 is connected to a segment 24a on the side around which the upper layer winding 28 and the lower layer winding 26 are wound. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2012,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine having an armature.

  In a rotating electrical machine such as a DC motor with a brush, there is a case where a motor having four or more brushes (for example, four brushes) is used for the purpose of reducing the load current per brush as the output increases. is there. For example, in the case of a rotating electric machine having four brushes, it is ideal that two brushes with the same polarity are brought into synchronous contact with the commutator segment. It is difficult to contact the segment, and when two brushes of the same polarity are in synchronous contact with the segments A and B, respectively, an armature generated when current flows simultaneously through the windings connected to the segments A and B, respectively. Since the excitation timings of the armatures are the same, the balance of the armatures is maintained, but when the brush contact timing shifts, the current flows through the windings connected to the segments A and B, respectively. As a result, the balance of the excitation timing of the armature generated by the current flowing through each winding is lost, resulting in motor rotation unevenness, vibration, abnormal noise, etc. There is a problem that arises.

  Therefore, in such a rotating electrical machine having a plurality of brushes, even when a deviation in the timing of contact of the brushes occurs, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of uneven motor rotation, vibration, and abnormal noise. The armature of the rotary electric machine described in 1 is proposed. In the armature described in Patent Document 1, in the armature in which the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding composed of two upper and lower layers are wound, the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding of each slot have the same number of turns, and the lower layer winding The wire is a long α winding, the upper layer winding is a short α winding, and the lower layer winding of one same-phase slot and the upper layer winding of the other same-phase slot are combined into a corresponding one-phase segment. In addition to connecting, the upper layer winding of the one same-phase slot and the lower layer winding of the other same-phase slot are connected to the corresponding other same-phase segment. As a result, even when the brush contact timing is deviated, the slots in the same phase are evenly excited, and as a result, the occurrence of motor rotation unevenness, vibration and abnormal noise is reduced.

JP 2001-95219 A

  In the armature described in Patent Document 1, for example, when a segment on the side where one lower-layer winding of one same phase is wound and a segment of the other same phase corresponding to the same, this segment (this is referred to as segment S1). ), The winding of the lower layer winding is connected to the slot core which is 180 ° (opposite to the segment S1) through the lower layer winding while tangling the vicinity of the rotation axis, and then wound at a predetermined number of turns. The lower layer winding wound again is connected to the segment S2 adjacent to the segment S1 through the vicinity of the rotation axis, the upper end of the upper layer winding is connected to the segment S1, and the upper layer winding is connected to the segment S1. Since the same number of turns as the lower layer winding is wound around the slot core corresponding to the segment S1 (the slot in which the lower layer winding is wound), the upper layer is connected to the segment S2. The winding of the coil portion wound in the slot and the winding between the segments to which this winding end is connected (hereinafter referred to as the connecting wire) is the shortest distance, but the connecting wire of the lower layer winding is Longer than the crossover of the upper layer winding. In addition, in the case where one of the same-phase segments corresponding to the segment on which the same-phase lower-layer winding is wound is the same, the connecting wire of the upper-layer winding becomes longer. Since the resistance of the entire motor increases, there is a problem that the output of the motor decreases.

  In FIG. 4 of Patent Document 1, an explanatory diagram showing a winding to a conventional armature is shown as a conventional technique. As shown in this explanatory diagram, an armature in which a winding is wound is shown. If there is, the connecting wire of the upper layer winding and the connecting wire of the lower layer winding are both the shortest distance, so the resistance of the entire motor does not increase, but the motor rotation unevenness, vibration and noise occur. There was a problem.

  In addition, the armature described in Patent Document 1 and the prior art described in Patent Document 1 are both rectified by one brush, and a lower layer winding (or upper layer winding) is provided on an arbitrary segment (for example, segment S2). When the starting end of the line is connected, the end of the lower layer winding (or upper layer winding) is connected to the segment adjacent to the segment S2 (referred to as segment S3). As an example, of two sets and four brushes 115, the same-polarized brushes 115a and 115c are short-circuited when they are in sliding contact with both adjacent segments (segments S2 and S3 and segments S13 and S14). Is shown in FIG. From FIG. 11, the lower layer winding 125 and the upper layer winding 127 are connected between the segments S2 and S3 and are short-circuited by the brush 115a. Since these two windings are connected in parallel, the segments S2 and S3 The contact resistance of the windings short-circuited between them is smaller than the contact resistance when each winding is short-circuited. The same applies to the windings (the lower layer winding 126 and the upper layer winding 128) that are short-circuited between the segments S13 and S14. In general, the contact resistance between the brush and the commutator (the segment that is a component of) the role of saving the short-circuit current for the shorted winding, that is, the prevention of rectifying sparks However, the armature described in Patent Document 1 and the prior art described in Patent Document 1 are both rectified by one brush and contact resistance of a short-circuited winding. However, since the contact resistance of each winding is smaller, the commutation spark is increased, and there is a problem that the life of the motor is shortened.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and reduces the occurrence of motor rotation unevenness, vibration, and abnormal noise when a high output of the motor and a deviation in timing of contact with the brush occur. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotating electrical machine that can reduce both rectification sparks.

A rotating electric machine according to the present invention includes a commutator having a plurality of segments and in which two sets of brushes are slidably contacted, an armature having the same number of slot cores as the segments, and wound around each slot of the armature. In the rotating electrical machine having an upper layer winding and a lower layer winding each consisting of two upper and lower layers, the number of turns of the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding of each slot is the same, and Of these, two upper layer windings and two lower layer windings wound around a slot group having the same phase, one end of the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding of the first same phase slot group being the first The first and the same phase slot groups are connected to the corresponding segments on the side where the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding of each slot winding are wound, and are opposed to the first same phase slot group by 180 degrees . Above two identical-phase slots One end of each of the windings and the lower layer winding is connected to a corresponding segment on the side where each layer winding of the second same-phase slot group is wound, and the upper layer of the first same-phase slot group Of the two windings of the winding and the lower layer winding, the other end of one of the windings is connected to a corresponding segment on the side where the winding is wound, and the second same-phase slot group The other end of the winding in the same layer as the one winding is connected to a corresponding segment on the side where the winding is wound, and the other end of the other winding is the first winding. 2 layers of the same phase slot group are connected to corresponding segments on the side where the windings are wound, and each layer winding of the second same phase slot group is the same layer as the other winding. The other end of the winding is a corresponding segment on the side where each layer winding of the slot group of the first same phase is wound. Is obtained so as to be connected to.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to achieve both high motor output and reduction in motor rotation unevenness, vibration, and abnormal noise generation when a brush contact timing shift occurs, and a rectifying spark. It is possible to provide a rotating electrical machine capable of reducing the above.

It is sectional drawing of the motor 1 with a brush which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the armature 20 in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the armature core 22 in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the brush 15 slidably contacted with the commutator 24 and the commutator 24 in FIG. FIG. 3 is a winding diagram of the armature 20 shown in FIG. 2. In the armature 20 shown in FIG. 5, it is a figure explaining a magnetic balance in case the segment 24a (segment S2, S13) is simultaneous OFF. In the armature 20 shown in FIG. 5, it is a figure explaining the magnetic balance in case a shift | offset | difference arises in the timing which a brush contacts. In the armature 20 shown in FIG. 5, it is a figure explaining the magnetic balance in case a shift | offset | difference arises in the timing which a brush contacts. It is an electric circuit diagram of (a) lower layer winding and (b) upper layer winding when the brush 15 is in sliding contact with the commutator 24. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a short-circuited winding in the electric circuit diagram in FIG. 9. For comparison, in the armature described in Patent Document 1, instead of the armature 20, when the brush 15 is in sliding contact with the commutator 24, the winding is short-circuited. FIG. 4 is a winding diagram of an armature 20a that is a modification of the armature 20 shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a winding diagram of the armature 20 when the circumferential widths of the brushes 15 in FIG. 1 are different. It is sectional drawing of the commutator 44 of the motor with a brush which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a winding figure of the armature 40 of the motor with a brush concerning Embodiment 2 of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the motor 41 with a brush which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the armature 60 in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the armature core 62 in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the brush 55 slidably contacted with the commutator 64 and the commutator 64 in FIG. FIG. 18 is a winding diagram of the armature 60 shown in FIG. 17. In the armature 60 shown in FIG. 20, it is a figure explaining a magnetic balance in case the segment 64a (segment S2, S11, S20) is simultaneous OFF. In the armature 60 shown in FIG. 20, it is a figure explaining the magnetic balance in case a shift | offset | difference arises in the timing which a brush contacts. In the armature 60 shown in FIG. 20, it is a figure explaining the magnetic balance in case a shift | offset | difference arises in the timing which a brush contacts. In the armature 60 shown in FIG. 20, it is a figure explaining the magnetic balance in case a shift | offset | difference arises in the timing which a brush contacts. FIG. 6 is an electrical circuit diagram of (a) a lower layer winding, (b) an intermediate layer winding, and (c) an upper layer winding when the brush 55 is in sliding contact with the commutator 64. It is the figure which showed the coil | winding which is short-circuited in the electric circuit diagram in FIG. For comparison, in the armature described in Patent Document 1, instead of the armature 60, when the brush 55 is in sliding contact with the commutator 64, the winding is short-circuited. FIG. 18 is a winding diagram of an armature 60a that is a modification of the armature 60 shown in FIG. 17. FIG. 18 is a winding diagram of an armature 60b which is another modification of the armature 60 shown in FIG. 17. FIG. 18 is a winding diagram of an armature 60 c that is still another modification of the armature 60 shown in FIG. 17. FIG. 17 is a winding diagram of the armature 60 when the circumferential widths of the brushes 55 in FIG. 16 are different. It is sectional drawing of the commutator 84 of the motor with a brush which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a winding figure of the armature 80 of the motor with a brush concerning Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a cross-sectional view of a motor 1 with a brush which is one of the rotating electrical machines according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an armature 20 in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the armature core 22, and a cross-sectional view of the commutator 24 in FIG. 4 and FIG. 2 and a brush 15 that is in sliding contact with the commutator 24. In the following description, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the brushed motor 1 includes a bottomed cylindrical yoke 10 and a plurality (four in FIG. 5) of permanents arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction along the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 10. A magnet 11, a magnet holder 12 that holds the permanent magnet 11, and an armature 20 that is disposed via an inner peripheral surface of each permanent magnet 11 and a predetermined gap. The armature 20 is fixed to a shaft 21, and the shaft is driven by a rear bearing 13 held by a bearing case portion 10 a provided on the yoke 10 and a front bearing 17 held by a bearing case portion 14 a provided on the housing 14. 21 is rotatably supported.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the armature 20 is fixed to the shaft 21, the armature core 22 fixed to the shaft 21, the armature winding 23 wound around the armature core 22, and the shaft 21. And a commutator 24 connected to the armature winding 23. As shown in FIG. 3, the armature core 22 has a plurality of (22 in FIG. 3) slot cores 22 a extending radially around the shaft 21. The armature windings 23 are wound around the slots 22b between the slot cores 22a, and the number of slots 22b is the same as the slot cores 22a, that is, 22 pieces. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the commutator 24 has the same number of segments 24a (22 pieces in FIG. 4) as the slot cores 22a on the surface thereof provided at equal angular intervals on the circumference. Each segment 24a has a hook 24b, and the start end (one end) or the end (other end) of the armature winding 23 is connected to the hook 24b. In FIG. 4, the segment 24 a is shown as segment numbers “1” to “22” that are consecutive numbers in the circumferential direction. In the following, the segment 24 a with the segment number “n” is referred to as a segment Sn. write. As shown in FIG. 1, the brush 15 is fixed to the commutator 24 side by the spring brush 16, and is in sliding contact with the segment 24 a. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, two sets, that is, four brushes 15 (the anode side brushes 15a and 15c and the cathode side brushes 15b and 15d) are in sliding contact with the segment 24a. Since the adjacent brushes 15 form 90 degrees, the opposite-polarity brushes 15 that are opposite to each other are in sliding contact with the same-phase segment 24a that is opposite (opposite) by 180 degrees. The same polarity brush 15 is connected by an electrode plate (not shown).

  Next, the armature winding 23 wound around each slot 22b of the armature core 22 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a winding diagram of the armature 20, in which the same-polarity brush 15 (anode-side brushes 15 a and 15 c) is in contact with the same-phase segment 24 a, and the same-polarity brush is shown. The slidable contact positions of the brushes 15a to 15d when 15 is in slidable contact with the segments S3 and S14 simultaneously (when simultaneously ON) are shown. In the following, it is expressed that the segment Sn is ON when the brush 15 mechanically contacts the segment 24a (for example, Sn), and the segment Sn indicates that the brush 15 does not mechanically contact the segment 24a (for example, Sn). Is expressed as OFF. In FIG. 5, similarly to FIG. 4, segment numbers “1” to “22” are attached to the segment 24a, and the slot core numbers “1” to “22”, which are numbers consecutive in the circumferential direction of the slot core 22a. The slot core 22a having the slot core number “n” is represented as a slot core Sn below. A slot 22b (slot core 22a) around which the armature winding 23 is wound is referred to as a slot group 22c. As shown in FIG. 5, the armature winding 23 is wound around the slot group 22c in a plurality of layers (in FIG. ).

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, first, lower windings (hereinafter referred to as lower layer windings) 25 and 26 serving as winding layers are placed on each slot core 22a in semi-long α windings (described in detail below). In the description above, each is wound with a predetermined number of turns (for example, 10 turns). At this time, one end (starting end) of the lower layer winding 25 is connected to the segment 24a on which the lower layer winding 25 is wound (in FIG. 5, the segment S2, in detail, the hook 24b of the segment S2). The wire is wound around the slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5 in FIG. 5) corresponding to the segment S2 with a predetermined number of turns (for example, 10 turns) through the wire 25a, and then around the shaft 21 through the connecting wire 25b. And the lower layer winding 26 of the slot group 22c (slot cores S12 to S16 in FIG. 5) having the same phase as the slot group 22c corresponding to the segment S2 (opposite by 180 degrees) is wound. The segment 24a (segment S14 in FIG. 5) adjacent to the segment 24a (segment S13 in FIG. 5) is connected to the other end (termination of the lower layer winding 25). The the connection. The semi-long α winding is such a winding method.

  Then, the lower layer winding is wound around each slot core 22a in order while rotating the shaft 21. Eventually, when the segment 24a (segment S13 in FIG. 5) opposite to the segment S2 comes around, one end (starting end) of the lower layer winding 26 is connected to the segment S13 as shown in FIG. Is wound around the slot group 22c corresponding to the segment S13 (slot cores S12 to S16 in FIG. 5) with a predetermined number of turns (for example, 10 turns), and then the vicinity of the shaft 21 is entangled via the crossover 26b. Then, the lower layer winding 25 of the slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5 in FIG. 5) having the same phase as the slot group 22c corresponding to the segment S13 (opposite by 180 degrees) is wound. The other end of the lower layer winding 26 on the segment 24a (segment S3 in FIG. 5) adjacent to the side segment 24a (segment S2 in FIG. 5) Termination) to connect the.

  Once the shaft 21 is made a round in the above order and the lower layer windings are wound around all the slot cores 22a, the slot cores 22a are then wound in the same order as the winding order of the lower layer windings 25, 26, etc. The upper layer (second layer) windings 27 and 28 as winding layers (hereinafter referred to as upper layer windings) 27 and 28 are short α windings (detailed below) and the same number of turns as the lower layer windings 25 and 26 ( For example, 10 turns). At this time, one end (starting end) of the upper layer winding 27 is connected to the segment 24a (segment S2 in FIG. 5) on which the upper layer winding 27 is wound, and is connected to the segment S2 via the crossover wire 27a. After winding in the corresponding slot group 22c (slot group in which the lower layer winding 25 is wound), it is connected to the segment 24a (segment S3 in FIG. 5) adjacent to the segment S2 via the crossover 27b. To do. The short α winding is such a winding method.

  Then, similarly to the case where the lower layer winding is wound, the upper layer winding is wound around each slot core 22a sequentially while rotating the shaft 21. Eventually, when the segment 24a (segment S13 in FIG. 5) opposite to the segment S2 comes around, one end (starting end) of the upper layer winding 28 is connected to the segment S13, and then connected to the segment S13 via the crossover 28a. A corresponding slot group 22c (slot group around which the lower layer winding 26 is wound) is wound, and then connected to the segment 24a (segment S14 in FIG. 5) adjacent to the segment S13 via the crossover 28b. To do.

  When the upper layer winding is wound around all the slot cores 22 a by making a round of the shaft 21 in the above order, the winding of the armature winding 23 around the armature core 22 is completed. Here, according to the above procedure, the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding of the armature winding 23 wound around each slot core 22a of the armature core 22 are wound with the same number of turns. That is, the lower layer windings 25 and 26 and the upper layer windings 27 and 28 are equally distributed and wound around the segments 24a (for example, the segments S2, S3, S13, and S14) having the same phase. Further, among the armature windings 23, the upper layer windings 27 and 28 are wound with a short α winding, so that the lengths of the connecting wires 27a, 27b, 28a and 28b of the upper layer windings 27 and 28 are long. This is the same as in the prior art. On the other hand, the lower layer windings 25 and 26 are wound with semi-long α windings, and the connecting wires 25a of the lower layer windings 25 and 26 are compared with the conventional case where the lower layer windings are long α windings. , 26a is connected to the segment 24a in the same manner as the connection of the upper layer windings 27, 28 to the connecting wires 27a, 27b, 28a, 28b, thereby shortening the length of the connecting wires 25a, 26a. As a result, the resistance of the entire motor is reduced, and the output of the motor can be increased. Moreover, since the winding time of the armature winding 23 around the armature core 22 is shortened, productivity is improved.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, when the same polarity brushes 15 (anode side brushes 15a and 15c) are in contact with the same phase segment 24a and the segments S3 and S14 are simultaneously turned on, the anode side brush 15a is in sliding contact with both adjacent segments 24a (segments S2 and S3 in FIG. 5), and the anode brush 15c is in sliding contact with both adjacent segments 24a (segments S13 and S14 in FIG. 5). The windings 25 and 26 and the upper layer windings 27 and 28 are all short-circuited and are not energized. Therefore, the balance of the excitation timing of the armature 20 generated by the current flowing through the armature winding 23 is not lost, and thus, rotation irregularity, vibration, and abnormal noise of the motor do not occur.

  Next, in the armature 20 configured as described above, the windings of the armature 20 when the same-polarity brushes 15 are in contact with the segments 24a of the same phase and the segments S2 and S13 are simultaneously OFF. FIG. 6 shows a winding diagram of the armature 20 when the brush contact timing is deviated, for example, when the ON of the segment S14 is delayed and when the ON of the segment S3 is delayed. They are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the same polarity brush 15 (anode side brushes 15a, 15c) is in contact with the same phase segment 24a, and the segments S2, S13 are simultaneously turned off, the anode side brush 15a is The anode side brush 15c is in sliding contact with the segment S14 to the segment S3, the connecting wire 26b of the lower layer winding 26 is connected to the segment S3, the connecting wire 26a of the lower layer winding 26 and the connecting wire 28a of the upper layer winding 28. Since both are connected to the segment S13 and the connecting wire 28b of the upper layer winding 28 is connected to the segment S14, both the lower layer winding 26 and the upper layer winding 28 are energized. Similarly, the connecting wire 25b of the lower layer winding 25 is connected to the segment S14, the connecting wire 25a and the connecting wire 27a are connected, and the connecting wire 27b of the upper layer winding 27 is connected to the segment S3. Both the lower layer winding 25 and the upper layer winding 27 are energized. Therefore, the balance of the excitation timing of the armature 20 generated by the current flowing through the armature winding 23 is not lost, and thus, rotation irregularity, vibration, and abnormal noise of the motor do not occur.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, when the timing of contact of the brush 15 is shifted and the ON of the segment S14 is delayed, that is, the segment S3 has the same polarity of the brush 15 before the segment S14. Since the segment S14 does not slide in contact with the brush 15c when contacting the (anode side brushes 15a, 15c), the segment in which one end of the winding is connected among the lower layer windings 25, 26 and the upper layer windings 27, 28. 24a is in sliding contact with the same-polarity brush 15 (anode-side brushes 15a and 15c), and the other end of the winding is connected to the segment S14 and the lower layer winding 25 is opposed to the lower layer winding 25 and has the same number of turns. Winding 28 is energized. Therefore, as an example of the case where a deviation occurs in the contact timing of the brush 15, even in the case shown in FIG. 6, the slot cores 22a facing each other by 180 degrees are evenly excited. As a result, the excitation imbalance due to the deviation of the timing of contact with the segment 24a of the brush 15 can be suppressed, and the occurrence of motor rotation unevenness, vibration and abnormal noise can be reduced.

  Next, as another example of the case where the contact timing of the brush 15 is shifted, as shown in FIG. 8, when the ON of the segment S3 is delayed, that is, the segment S14 has the same polarity before the segment S3. Since the segment S3 does not slide in contact with the brush 15a when contacting the brush 15 (the anode side brushes 15a, 15c), one end of the winding of the lower layer windings 25, 26 and the upper layer windings 27, 28 is connected. The segment 24a is in sliding contact with the same-polarity brush 15 (anode side brushes 15a, 15c), and the other end of the winding is connected to the segment S3. Are energized in the same upper layer winding 27. Therefore, as another example of the case where a deviation occurs in the contact timing of the brush 15, even in the case shown in FIG. 8, the slot cores 22 a facing each other by 180 degrees are excited equally. As a result, the excitation imbalance due to the deviation of the timing of contact with the segment 24a of the brush 15 can be suppressed, and the occurrence of motor rotation unevenness, vibration and abnormal noise can be reduced.

  Subsequently, in the armature 20 in which the armature winding 23 is wound around each slot 22b of the armature core 22, as shown in FIG. 5, two sets of four brushes 15 are slid onto the commutator 24 (segment 24a). FIG. 9 shows an electric circuit diagram when contacted. Here, FIGS. 9A and 9B show electric circuit diagrams of the lower layer winding and the upper layer winding, respectively. Further, FIG. 10 shows a short-circuited winding in the electric circuit diagram in FIG.

  From FIG. 9A, among the lower layer windings, the lower layer windings 25 and 26 are respectively connected between the segments S2 and S14 and between the segments S3 and S13, and both brushes 15 of the same polarity (the anode brush 15a and the anode side brush 15a). 15c). On the other hand, from FIG. 9B, among the above-described upper layer windings, the upper layer windings 27 and 28 are connected between the segments S2 and S3 and between the segments S13 and S14, respectively, as in the prior art, and are connected to one brush. 15 (anode side brush 15a or 15c). 10 shows these four short-circuited windings (lower layer windings 25 and 26, upper layer windings 27 and 28), and in the conventional armature, the short-circuited windings (lower layer) Comparing FIG. 11 showing the windings 125 and 126 and the upper layer windings 127 and 128), among the four short-circuited windings shown in FIG. Each of the adjacent segments 24a (segments S2, S3 and S13, S14) is connected and short-circuited by one brush 15 (anode side brush 15a or 15c) of the same polarity. On the other hand, the lower layer winding 25 has its starting end (one end) connected to the segment 24a (segment S2 in FIG. 10) corresponding to the slot core 22a around which the lower layer winding 25 and the upper layer winding 27 are wound. The end (the other end) is connected to the segment 24a (segment S13 in FIG. 10) adjacent to the segment 24a (segment S13 in FIG. 10) that faces (opposites) the segment S2 by 180 degrees. The same applies to the lower layer winding 26. As a result, the lower layer winding 25 and the upper layer winding 27 are respectively connected between the segments 24a (segments S2 and S14) in which the anode brushes 15a and 15c are in sliding contact and between the segments 24a (segments S2 and S3) in which the anode brush 15a is in sliding contact. Are connected in series, and rectification is performed by both brushes 15 (anode-side brushes 15a and 15c) of the same polarity. The same applies to the lower layer winding 26 and the upper layer winding 28. Therefore, the lower layer winding 125 and the upper layer winding 127 are both connected in parallel between the adjacent segments 64a (segments S2, S3), and rectification is performed by one brush 15 (anode side brush 15a) (see FIG. 11), the contact resistance of the short-circuited winding is increased, so that the rectifying spark can be reduced. In addition, abnormal noise can be suppressed and the durability of the motor can be improved.

  As described above, the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes the 22 segments 24a, the commutator 24 in which the two sets of brushes 15 are slidably contacted, and the same number of slot cores as the segments 24a. In a rotating electrical machine comprising an armature 20 having 22a and each slot 22b of the armature 20 and having an upper layer winding and a lower layer winding each having two upper and lower layers, the upper layer winding of each slot 22b and The number of turns of the lower layer winding is the same, and the slot group 22c composed of five slots is wound around the slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5 and slot cores S12 to S16) having the same phase. Two upper layer windings 27, 28 and two lower layer windings 25, 26, the upper layer windings 27 of the first in-phase slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5) and One end of the layer winding 25 is a segment 24a (segment S2) on which the layer windings of the upper layer winding 27 and lower layer winding 25 of the first in-phase slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5) are wound. ) And one end of the upper layer winding 28 and the lower layer winding 26 of the second in-phase slot group 22c (slot cores S12 to S16) is connected to the second in-phase slot group 22c (slot cores S12 to S16). ) Of each layer winding (upper layer winding 28, lower layer winding 26) is connected to a segment 24a (segment S13) on which the winding is wound, and the first in-phase slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S1) is connected. S5) Of the two windings of the upper layer winding 27 and the lower layer winding 25, the other end of one winding (upper layer winding 27) is on the side where the winding (upper layer winding 27) is wound. Segment 24a (Segmen S3), each layer winding (upper layer winding 28, lower layer winding 26) of the second same-phase slot group 22c (slot cores S12 to S16), and the same layer as the upper layer winding 27 The other end of each winding (upper layer winding 28) is wound with each layer winding (upper layer winding 28, lower layer winding 26) of the slot group 22c (slot cores S12 to S16) of the second same phase. Is connected to the segment 24a (segment S14) on the side, and the other end of the other winding (lower layer winding 25) is connected to each layer winding (upper layer winding) of the slot group 22c (slot cores S12 to S16) of the second same phase. The wire 28 and the lower layer winding 26) are connected to the segment 24a (segment S14) on which the wire is wound, and each layer winding (upper layer winding) of the slot group 22c (slot cores S12 to S16) of the second same phase. 28, lower layer winding 26) The other end of the same layer winding (lower layer winding 26) as the lower layer winding 25 is connected to the respective layer windings (upper layer windings 27, 27) of the first same phase slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5). Since it is configured to be connected to the segment 24a (segment S3) on the side where the lower layer winding 25) is wound, the length of the lower layer windings 25 and 26 can be shortened, and the resistance of the entire motor is reduced. Even when a deviation occurs in the contact timing of the brush 15, the slot cores 22 a facing each other by 180 degrees are evenly excited, so that a high output of the motor and a deviation in the contact timing of the brush 15 occur. Further, it is possible to achieve both reduction in motor rotation unevenness, vibration, and generation of abnormal noise, and rectification is performed by both brushes 15 having the same polarity, so that the brush 15 is connected to the commutator 24 (segment 24a). Sliding when in contact, the contact resistance of the windings being short-circuited by the brush 15 is increased, it is possible to provide a rotary electric machine can be reduced commutation sparks.

  In the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the other end of the lower layer winding 25 of the first same-phase slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5) is the second same-phase slot group 22c. (Slot cores S12 to S16) are connected to the segment 24a (segment S14) on the side where each layer winding is wound, and the upper layer winding 27 of the first in-phase slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5) The other end of the first wire is connected to the segment 24a (segment S3) on which the layer windings of the first in-phase slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5) are wound. However, the winding method of the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding may be reversed. As shown in FIG. 12, the first group of slots 22c (slot cores S1 to S5) of the same phase may be used. Lower layer winding 25 The other end of the first in-phase slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5) is connected to a segment 24a (segment S3) on which each layer winding is wound, and the first in-phase slot group The other end of the upper layer winding 27 of 22c (slot cores S1 to S5) is the segment 24a (segment S14) on which the respective layer windings of the slot group 22c (slot cores S12 to S16) of the second same phase are wound. ) May be connected. In this case, the lengths of the connecting wires 27c and 28c of the upper layer windings 27 and 28 can be shortened, the resistance of the entire motor is reduced, and even when the timing at which the brush 15 contacts is displaced, the slots facing each other by 180 degrees. Since the core 22a is evenly excited, it is possible to achieve both high motor output and reduced generation of uneven motor rotation, vibration, and abnormal noise when the timing of contact with the brush 15 shifts. Since the rectification is performed by both brushes 15 of the same polarity, when the brush 15 is in sliding contact with the commutator 24 (segment 24a), the contact resistance of the winding short-circuited by the brush 15 increases. A rotating electrical machine capable of reducing the rectifying spark can be provided.

  Further, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, for the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding wound around the same slot group 22c, for example, the upper layer winding wound around the slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5). The wire 27 is a short α winding, and one end and the other end of the upper layer winding 27 are respectively connected to corresponding segments 24a (segments S2 and S3) on the side where the upper layer winding 27 is wound. The lower layer winding 25 wound around the slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5) is a semi-long α winding, and one end of the lower layer winding 25 is on the side where the lower layer winding 25 is wound. A slot connected to a corresponding segment 24a (segment S2), the other end of the lower layer winding 25 having the same phase as the slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5) around which the lower layer winding 25 is wound. Group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5 and slot cores S12 to S16) that is different from the slot group 22c (slot cores S1 to S5) around which the lower layer winding 25 is wound. Since the lower layer winding 26 of S16) is connected to the corresponding segment 24a (segment S14) on which the lower layer winding 26 is wound, the lower layer winding is provided as the first layer winding in each slot core 22a. Reduce dead space (specifically, dead space formed between the shaft 21 and the connecting wires 25a and 26a) compared to the conventional case of winding with a short α winding. Can do. Therefore, the space factor of the upper layer winding as the second layer winding in each slot core 22a can be improved. Therefore, the space in the winding of the armature 20 can be improved.

  Moreover, in the rotary electric machine which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, as shown in FIG. 5, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the width | variety of the circumferential direction of each brush 15a-15d has each segment 24a. However, the present invention is not limited to this case. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, the circumferential widths of the brushes 15a to 15d are equal to the circumferential widths of the segments 24a. It may be about twice or more. Even in such a case, since the anode brush 15a is in sliding contact with the adjacent three segments 24a (segments S2, S3 and S4 in FIG. 13), the lower layer windings 25 and 26 and the upper layer winding 27, As in the case of FIG. 5, all 28 are short-circuited and are not energized, and the lower layer windings 25 ′ and 26 ′ and the upper layer windings 27 ′ and 28 ′ are all short-circuited and are not energized. Accordingly, as in the case of FIG. 5, the balance of the excitation timing of the armature 20 generated by the current flowing through the armature winding 23 is not disturbed, thereby causing the rotation unevenness, vibration and abnormal noise of the motor. Absent. The same applies to FIGS.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
The brushed motor, which is one of the rotating electrical machines according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, connects an arbitrary segment to the commutator and a segment facing this segment by 180 degrees in the rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 1 described above. It has a uniform pressure connection. Hereinafter, a brushed motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the commutator 44 of the brushed motor according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 15 is a winding diagram of the armature 40 of the brushed motor according to the second embodiment of the present invention. . In the brushed motor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the configuration other than the commutator 44 shown in FIG. 14 and the armature 40 shown in FIG. 15 is the same as that of the brushed motor 1 shown in FIG. Therefore, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the commutator 44 includes an arbitrary segment 24 a (segment S <b> 2 in FIG. 14) and a segment 24 a (segment S <b> 13 in FIG. 14) that is opposed (opposite) 180 degrees to the segment S <b> 2. It has a pressure equalizing wire 29 that is connected in a pair. Further, in FIG. 14, although not shown, the pressure equalizing wires 29 are similarly provided between the two segments 24 a at other opposed positions, and the number of pressure equalizing wires 29 is the number of segments in the commutator 44 as a whole. It is half the number of 24a (11 in FIG. 14).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 15, two equal-polarity brushes 15 that supply the same voltage are in contact with the pressure equalizing wire 29. That is, the pressure equalizing wire 29 connects a plurality of segments, which are simultaneously in contact with a plurality of brushes that supply the same voltage. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, when the brushes 15 with the same polarity (anode-side brushes 15 a and 15 c) are in contact with the same-phase segment 24 a, and the timing at which the brush 15 contacts is shifted. When the segment S2 is being turned off, that is, when the segment S2 comes into contact with the same-polarity brush 15 (anode side brushes 15a, 15c) before the segment S13, or the anode side brushes 15a, 15c Even when one of the contacts is defective, the segment S2 and the segment S13 opposite to each other are connected by the pressure equalizing wire 29, so that the lower layer windings 25 and 26 and the upper layer windings are connected. 27 and 28 are all short-circuited and are not energized. Therefore, the balance of the excitation timing of the armature 40 generated by the current flowing through the armature winding 23 is not lost, and thus, rotation unevenness, vibration and abnormal noise of the motor do not occur.

  As described above, the rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a pressure equalization connection that connects an arbitrary segment and a segment that faces this segment by 180 degrees in the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment. Since it is configured, in addition to the effects described in the first embodiment, there is a case where a deviation of the timing of contact of the brush 15 occurs or a case where one of the same-polarity brushes 15 becomes defective. However, since the balance of the excitation timing of the armature 40 generated by the current flowing through the armature winding 23 is not disturbed, a further effect of suppressing the magnetic imbalance can be achieved. The occurrence of uneven rotation, vibration, and abnormal noise of the motor can be suppressed without shaking.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the said Embodiment 1, 2, it showed about the case of the motor with a brush which has 2 sets and 4 brushes. On the other hand, in the third embodiment, the case of a motor with a brush having three sets and six brushes will be described with reference to FIGS. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a brushed motor 41 that is one of the rotating electrical machines according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the armature 60 in FIG. 16, and FIG. FIG. 19 is a sectional view of the commutator 64 and the brush 55 that is in sliding contact with the commutator 64 in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the brushed motor 41 includes a bottomed cylindrical yoke 10 and a plurality (six in FIG. 16) of permanents arranged at equal intervals along the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 10. A magnet 51, a magnet holder 12 that holds the permanent magnet 51, and an armature 60 that is disposed via an inner peripheral surface of each permanent magnet 51 and a predetermined gap. The armature 60 is fixed to the shaft 21, and the shaft is driven by the rear bearing 13 held by the bearing case portion 10 a provided on the yoke 10 and the front bearing 17 held by the bearing case portion 14 a provided on the housing 14. 21 is rotatably supported.

  As shown in FIG. 17, the armature 60 is fixed to the shaft 21, the armature core 62 fixed to the shaft 21, the armature winding 63 wound around the armature core 62, and the shaft 21. And a commutator 64 connected to the armature winding 63. As shown in FIG. 18, the armature core 62 has a plurality of (27 in FIG. 18) slot cores 62 a extending radially around the shaft 21. The armature winding 63 is wound around the slot 62b between the slot cores 62a, and the number of the slots 62b is the same as the slot cores 62a, that is, 27. Further, as shown in FIG. 19, the commutator 64 has the same number of segments 64a as the slot cores 62a (27 in FIG. 19) on its surface. Each segment 64a has a hook 64b, and the start end (one end) or the end (the other end) of the armature winding 63 is connected to the hook 64b. In FIG. 19, the segments 64a are shown as segment numbers “1” to “27” that are consecutive numbers in the circumferential direction. Similarly to the description in the first embodiment, the segment numbers are described below. The segment “64” of “n” is denoted as segment Sn. As shown in FIG. 16, the brush 55 is fixed to the commutator 64 side by the spring brush 16, and is in sliding contact with the segment 64 a. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 19, three sets, that is, six brushes 55 (the anode side brushes 55a, 55c, and 55e and the cathode side brushes 55b, 55d, and 55f) are in sliding contact with the segment 64a. Since the adjacent brushes 55 are 60 degrees apart from each other, the same-polarity brushes 55 arranged with an interval of 120 degrees are slid onto the same-phase segment 64a located 120 degrees apart. It touches. The same polarity brush 55 is connected by an electrode plate (not shown).

  Next, the armature winding 63 wound around each slot 62b of the armature core 62 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 20 is a winding diagram of the armature 60, and shows the sliding contact positions of the brushes 51a to 51f when the segments S3, S12, and S21 are simultaneously turned on. 20, similarly to FIG. 19, segment numbers “1” to “27” are attached to the segment 64a, and the slot core numbers “1” to “1”, which are numbers consecutive in the circumferential direction of the slot core 62a. The slot core 62a having the slot core number “n” is hereinafter referred to as a slot core Sn. As shown in FIG. 20, the armature winding 63 is wound around the slot group 62c in a plurality of layers with respect to the slot cores 62a of the same phase positioned at 120 degrees or 240 degrees (in FIG. (Middle and lower three layers).

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 20, first, lower windings 65 to 67, which are the first layer of the winding layer, are wound around each slot core 62a with a semi-long α winding at a predetermined number of turns (for example, 10 turns). To do. At this time, one end (starting end) of the lower layer winding 65 is connected to the segment 64a (segment S2 in FIG. 20) on which the lower layer winding 65 is wound, and is connected to the segment S2 via the crossover 65a. After winding the corresponding slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4 in FIG. 20) with a predetermined number of turns (for example, 10 turns), and tangling the vicinity of the shaft 21 via the connecting wire 65b, The segment 64a (on the side where the lower layer winding 66 of the slot group 22c (slot cores S10 to S13 in FIG. 20) of the same phase as that of the slot group 62c corresponding to the segment S2 is wound (in FIG. 20, the slot cores S10 to S13) is wound. In FIG. 20, the other end (termination) of the lower layer winding 65 is connected to the segment 64a (segment S12 in FIG. 20) adjacent to the segment S11).

  Then, the lower layer winding is wound around each slot core 62a in order while rotating the shaft 21. Eventually, when the segment 64a (segment S11 in FIG. 20) located 120 degrees apart from the segment S2 comes around, one end (starting end) of the lower layer winding 66 is connected to the segment S11, and via the crossover 66a, The slot group 62c corresponding to the segment S11 (slot cores S10 to S13 in FIG. 20) is wound with a predetermined number of turns (for example, 10 turns), and then tangled around the shaft 21 via the connecting wire 66b. After that, the slot group 62c (slot cores S19 to S22 in FIG. 20) in the same phase as the slot group 62c corresponding to the segment S11 (slot cores S19 to S22 in FIG. 20) To segment 64a (segment S21 in FIG. 20) adjacent to segment 64a (segment S20 in FIG. 20) To connect the other end (end) of the layer winding 66. Subsequently, when the lower layer winding is similarly wound around each slot core 62a in order while rotating the shaft 21, the segment 64a (segment 20 in FIG. 20) located 240 degrees away from the segment S2 circulates. Similarly, at this time, one end (starting end) of the lower layer winding 67 is connected to the segment S20 and the other end (termination) of the lower layer winding 67 is connected to the segment S3.

  Once the shaft 21 is made a round in the order described above and the lower layer windings are wound on all the slot cores 62a, the slot cores 62a are then wound in the same order as the order in which the lower layer windings 65 to 67 are wound. The middle layer (second layer) windings 68 to 70 as winding layers (hereinafter referred to as middle layer windings) 68 to 70 are semi-long α windings with the same number of turns as the lower layer windings 65 to 67 (for example, 10 turns). Wrap it. At this time, one end (starting end) of the middle layer winding 68 is connected to the segment 64a (segment S2 in FIG. 20) on the side where the middle layer winding 68 is wound, and the connecting wire 68a is disconnected to obtain the segment S2. Is wound around the slot group 62c (the slot group in which the lower layer winding 65 is wound), and is entangled around the shaft 21 via the connecting wire 68b, and then the segment S2. A segment 64a (in FIG. 20) on the side where the middle layer winding 70 of the slot group 62c (in FIG. 20, the slot cores S19 to S21) of the same phase as that of the corresponding slot group 62c is wound (slot cores S19 to S21 in FIG. 20) is wound. The other end (termination) of the middle layer winding 68 is connected to the segment 64a (segment S21 in FIG. 20) adjacent to the segment S20).

  Then, as in the case of winding the lower layer winding, the middle layer winding is sequentially wound around each slot core 62a while rotating the shaft 21. Eventually, when the segment 24a (segment S11 in FIG. 20) located 120 degrees apart from the segment S2 comes around, one end (starting end) of the middle layer winding 69 is connected to the segment S11, and via the crossover wire 69a, After being wound around the slot group 62c corresponding to the segment S11 (the slot group around which the lower layer winding 66 is wound), and tangling the vicinity of the shaft 21 via the connecting wire 69b, the segment The segment 64a (FIG. 20) on the side where the middle layer winding 68 of the slot group 62c (in FIG. 20, the slot cores S1 to S4 in FIG. 20) is wound in the same phase as the slot group 62c corresponding to S11. Then, the other end (termination) of the middle layer winding 69 is connected to the segment 64a (segment S3 in FIG. 20) adjacent to the segment S2). Subsequently, when the middle layer winding is similarly wound around each slot core 62a sequentially while rotating the shaft 21, the segment 64a (segment 20 in FIG. 20) located 240 degrees away from the segment S2 rotates. Similarly, at this time, one end (starting end) of the middle layer winding 70 is connected to the segment S20, and the other end (termination) of the middle layer winding 70 is connected to the segment S12.

  After the shaft 21 is made a round in the above order and the middle layer windings are wound around all the slot cores 62a, finally, the lower layer windings 65 to 67, the middle layer windings 68 to 70 and the like are wound in the same order. In turn, the lower layer windings 71 to 73, which are the third layer of the winding layer, are wound on each slot core 62a by a short α winding in the same number as the lower layer windings 65 to 67 and the middle layer windings 68 to 70 (for example, 10). Wound in turn). At this time, one end (starting end) of the upper layer winding 71 is connected to the segment 64a (segment S2 in FIG. 20) on which the upper layer winding 71 is wound, the connecting wire 71a is disconnected, and the segment S2 Is wound around the slot group 62c (slot group in which the lower layer winding 65 and the middle layer winding 68 are wound), and then the segment 64a (in FIG. 20) adjacent to the segment S2 via the crossover wire 71b. , Segment S3).

  Then, as in the case of winding the lower layer winding and the middle layer winding, the upper layer winding is wound around each slot core 62a sequentially while rotating the shaft 21. Eventually, when the segment 64a (segment S11 in FIG. 20) located 120 degrees apart from the segment S2 comes around, one end (starting end) of the upper layer winding 72 is connected to the segment S11, and via the crossover 72a, After being wound around the slot group 62c corresponding to the segment S11 (the slot group around which the lower layer winding 66 and the middle layer winding 69 are wound), the segment 64a adjacent to the segment S11 via the connecting wire 72b (see FIG. In 20, a connection is made to segment S12). Subsequently, when the upper layer winding is wound around the slot cores 62a in the same manner while rotating the shaft 21, the segment 64a (segment 20 in FIG. 20) located 240 degrees away from the segment S2 circulates. Similarly, at this time, one end (starting end) of the upper layer winding 73 is connected to the segment S20 and the other end (termination) of the upper layer winding 73 is connected to the segment S21.

  When the upper layer winding is wound around all the slot cores 62a by making one round of the shaft 21 in the above order, the winding of the armature winding 63 around the armature core 62 is completed. Here, according to the above procedure, the upper layer winding, the middle layer winding, and the lower layer winding of the armature winding 63 wound around each slot core 62a of the armature core 62 are wound with the same number of turns. Yes. That is, the lower layer windings 65 to 67, the middle layer windings 68 to 70, and the upper layer windings 71 to 73 are equally distributed to the segments 64a (for example, the segments S2, S3, S11, S12, S20, and S21) in the same phase. I try to wind it. Further, among the armature windings 63, the upper layer windings 71 to 73 are wound with a short α winding, and therefore the connecting wires 71a, 71b, 72a, 72b, 73a of the upper layer windings 71 to 73 are wound. , 73b are the same as the conventional ones. On the other hand, the middle layer windings 68 to 70 and the lower layer windings 65 to 67 are wound with semi-long α windings, compared to the conventional case where the middle layer windings and the lower layer windings are long α windings. , Connecting the connecting wires 65a, 66a, 67a, 68a, 69a, 70a of the middle layer windings 68-70 and the lower layer windings 65-67 to the segment 64a, connecting the connecting wires 71a, 71b, 72a of the upper layer windings 71-73, Since the connection lines 72b, 73a, and 73b are connected to the segment 64a, the lengths of the jumpers 65a, 66a, 67a, 68a, 69a, and 70a can be shortened. Output can be increased. Moreover, since the winding time of the armature winding 63 around the armature core 62 is shortened, productivity is improved.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 20, when the same polarity brush 55 (anode side brush 55a, 55c, 55e) is in contact with the segment 64a of the same phase and the segments S3, S12, S21 are simultaneously turned on. The anode brush 55a is in sliding contact with both adjacent segments 64a (segments S2 and S3 in FIG. 20), and the anode brush 55c is in sliding contact with both adjacent segments 64a (segments S11 and S12 in FIG. 20). Since the side brush 55e is in sliding contact with both adjacent segments 64a (segments S20 and S21 in FIG. 20), the lower layer windings 65 to 67, the middle layer windings 68 to 70, and the upper layer windings 71 to 73 are all short-circuited. Is not energized. Therefore, the balance of the excitation timing of the armature 60 that is generated when a current flows through the armature winding 63 is not lost, and thus, rotation unevenness, vibration, and abnormal noise of the motor do not occur.

  Next, in the armature 60 configured as described above, the same-polarity brush 55 is in contact with the segment 64a of the same phase, and when the segments S2, S11, and S20 are simultaneously OFF, The winding diagram is shown in FIG. 21, where there is a deviation in the timing of contact of the brush. For example, when the segment S21 is delayed, the segment S12 is delayed, and the segment S3 is delayed. FIG. 22 to FIG. 24 show winding diagrams of the armature 60 in the case of the above.

  As shown in FIG. 21, when the same-polarity brush 55 (anode-side brushes 55a, 55c, and 55e) is in contact with the same-phase segment 64a and the segments S2, S11, and S20 are simultaneously turned off, The side brush 55a is in sliding contact with the segment S3, the anode brush 55c is in sliding contact with the segment S12, and the anode brush 55e is in sliding contact with the segment S21. The crossover 67b of the lower layer winding 67 is connected to the segment S3. The connecting wire 67a, the connecting wire 70a of the middle layer winding 70, and the connecting wire 73a of the upper layer winding 73 are all connected to the segment S20, and the connecting wire 70b of the intermediate layer winding 70 is connected to the segment S12. Since the connecting wire 73b of 73 is connected to the segment S21, the lower layer winding 67, the middle layer winding 70, and Layer winding 73 are both energized. Similarly, the connecting wire 66b of the lower layer winding 66 is connected to the segment S21, the connecting wire 69a and the connecting wire 72a are connected, the connecting wire 69b of the middle layer winding 69 is connected to the segment S3, and the upper layer winding 72 is connected. Since the connecting wire 72b is connected to the segment S12, the lower layer winding 66, the middle layer winding 69 and the upper layer winding 72 are all energized. Further, the connecting wire 65b of the lower layer winding 65 is connected to the segment S12, the connecting wire 68a and the connecting wire 71a are connected, and the connecting wire 68b of the middle layer winding 68 is connected to the segment S21. Since the connecting wire 71b is connected to the segment S3, the lower layer winding 65, the middle layer winding 68, and the upper layer winding 71 are all energized. Therefore, the balance of the excitation timing of the armature 60 that is generated when a current flows through the armature winding 63 is not lost, and thus, rotation unevenness, vibration, and abnormal noise of the motor do not occur.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 22, when the timing of contact of the brush 55 is shifted and the ON of the segment S21 is delayed, that is, the segments S3 and S12 have the same polarity before the segment S21. When contacting the brush 55 (anode side brush 55a, 55c, 55e), the segment S21 does not slide on the brush 55e, so the lower layer windings 65-67, the middle layer windings 68-70, and the upper layer windings 71-73. Among them, the segment 64a to which one end of the winding is connected is in sliding contact with the brush 55 (anode side brush 55a, 55c, 55e) having the same polarity, and the lower layer winding 66 having the other end connected to the segment S21. The upper winding 73 having the same number of turns as the lower winding 66 is deviated by 120 degrees and the middle winding 68 having the same number of turns and being deviated by 240 degrees from the lower winding 66 are energized. Therefore, as an example of the case where a deviation occurs in the contact timing of the brush 55, even in the case shown in FIG. 22, the slot cores 62a of the same phase positioned 120 degrees or 240 degrees apart are equally excited. become. As a result, the excitation imbalance due to the deviation of the timing of contact with the segment 64a of the brush 55 can be suppressed, and the occurrence of motor rotation unevenness, vibration and abnormal noise can be reduced.

  Next, as another example when the timing of contact of the brush 55 occurs, as shown in FIG. 23, when the ON of the segment S12 is delayed, that is, the segments S3 and S21 are ahead of the segment S12. When contacting the same polarity brush 55 (anode side brush 55a, 55c, 55e), the segment S12 does not slide in contact with the brush 55c, so the lower layer windings 65-67, the middle layer windings 68-70 and the upper layer winding 71. -73, the segment 64a to which one end of the winding is connected is in sliding contact with the brush 55 (anode side brush 55a, 55c, 55e) of the same polarity and the other end of the winding is connected to the segment S12. 65, the upper layer winding 72 positioned 120 degrees apart from the lower layer winding 65 and the same number of turns and the middle layer winding 70 positioned 240 degrees different from the lower layer winding 65 and the same number of turns are energized. That. Therefore, as an example of a case where a deviation occurs in the timing of contact of the brush 55, even in the case shown in FIG. 23, the slot cores 62a of the same phase are evenly excited. As a result, the excitation imbalance due to the deviation of the timing of contact with the segment 64a of the brush 55 can be suppressed, and the occurrence of motor rotation unevenness, vibration and abnormal noise can be reduced.

  Next, as another example when the timing of contact of the brush 55 occurs, as shown in FIG. 24, when the ON of the segment S3 is delayed, that is, the segments S12 and S21 are ahead of the segment S3. Since the segment S3 does not slidably contact the brush 55a when contacting the same polarity brush 55 (anode side brush 55a, 55c, 55e), the lower layer windings 65-67, the middle layer windings 68-70, and the upper layer windings 71-73, the segment 64a to which one end of the winding is connected is in sliding contact with the brush 55 of the same polarity (anode side brush 55a, 55c, 55e), and the other end of the winding is connected to the segment S3. The wire 67, the upper layer winding 71 located 120 degrees apart from the lower layer winding 67 and the same number of turns, and the middle layer winding 69 located 240 degrees away from the lower layer winding 67 and the same number of turns are energized. That. Therefore, as an example of the case where a deviation occurs in the timing of contact of the brush 55, even in the case shown in FIG. 24, the slot cores 62a of the same phase are evenly excited. As a result, the excitation imbalance due to the deviation of the timing of contact with the segment 64a of the brush 55 can be suppressed, and the occurrence of motor rotation unevenness, vibration and abnormal noise can be reduced.

  Subsequently, in the armature 60 in which the armature winding 63 is wound around each slot 62b of the armature core 62, as shown in FIG. 20, three sets of six brushes 55 are slid onto the commutator 64 (segment 64a). FIG. 25 shows an electrical circuit diagram when contacted. Here, FIG. 25A to FIG. 25C show electric circuit diagrams of the lower layer winding, the middle layer winding, and the upper layer winding, respectively. FIG. 26 shows the windings that are short-circuited in the electrical circuit diagram of FIG. For comparison, FIG. 27 shows a short-circuited winding in a conventional three-layer winding armature.

  From FIG. 25A, among the lower layer windings described above, the lower layer windings 65 to 67 are respectively connected between the segments S2 and S12, between the segments S11 and S21, and between the segments S20 and S3. Short-circuited by the brush 55 (anode-side brushes 55a, 55c and 55e). Also, from FIG. 25 (b), among the above-described intermediate layer windings, the intermediate layer windings 68 to 70 are connected between the segments S2, S21, between the segments S11, S3, and between the segments S20, S12, respectively. Short-circuited by three brushes 55 (anode-side brushes 55a, 55c and 55e). On the other hand, from FIG. 25 (c), among the above-described upper layer windings, the upper layer windings 71 to 73 are respectively between the segments S2 and S3, between the segments S11 and S12, and between the segments S20 and S21. Are short-circuited by one brush 55 (anode-side brush 55a, 55c or 55e). And in FIG. 26 which showed these nine short-circuited windings (lower layer windings 65-67, middle layer windings 68-70, upper layer windings 71-73) and the conventional armature, they are similarly short-circuited. FIG. 27 showing the windings (lower layer windings 165 to 167, middle layer windings 168 to 170, and upper layer windings 171 to 173) of the nine shorted windings shown in FIG. Among them, the upper layer windings 71 to 73 are connected between the adjacent segments 64a (segments S2, S3 and S11, S12 and segments S20, S21) as in the conventional case, and have one brush 55 (anode) of the same polarity. Shorted by side brush 55a, 55c or 55e). On the other hand, the lower layer winding 65 is connected at its starting end (one end) to a segment 64a (segment S2 in FIG. 26) corresponding to the slot core 62a around which the lower layer winding 65 and the upper layer winding 71 are wound. Then, the terminal end (the other end) is connected to the segment 64a (S12 in FIG. 26) adjacent to the segment 64a (segment S11 in FIG. 26) located 120 degrees apart from the segment S2. The same applies to the lower layer windings 66 and 67. The middle layer winding 68 is connected at its starting end (one end) to a segment 64a (segment S2 in FIG. 26) corresponding to the slot core 62a around which the middle layer winding 68 and the upper layer winding 71 are wound. The terminal end (the other end) is connected to the segment 64a (segment S20 in FIG. 26) adjacent to the segment 64a (segment S20 in FIG. 26) located at a position shifted by 240 degrees from the segment S2. The same applies to the middle layer windings 69 and 70. As a result, the lower layer winding 65, the middle layer winding 68, and the upper layer winding 71 are respectively connected between the segments 64 a (segments S 2 and S 12) where the anode side brushes 55 a and 55 c are in sliding contact, and the segments 64 a where the anode side brushes 55 a and 55 e are in sliding contact. Between (segments S2, S21), the anode side brush 55a is connected in series between the segments 64a (segments S2, S3) in sliding contact, and is performed by three brushes 55 (anode side brushes 55a, 55c and 55e) of the same polarity. The same applies to the lower layer winding 66, the middle layer winding 69, the upper layer winding 72 or the lower layer winding 67, the middle layer winding 70, and the upper layer winding 73. Therefore, the lower layer winding 165, the middle layer winding 168, and the upper layer winding 171 are connected in parallel between the adjacent segments 64a (segments S2, S3), and rectification is performed by one brush 55 (anode side brush 55a). Compared with the conventional case (see FIG. 27), the contact resistance of the short-circuited winding is increased, so that the rectifying spark can be reduced. In addition, abnormal noise can be suppressed and the durability of the motor can be improved.

  As described above, the rotating electrical machine according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes the 27 segments 64a, the commutator 64 in which the three brushes 55 are slidably contacted, and the same number of slot cores as the segments 64a. In a rotating electrical machine comprising an armature 60 having 62a and an upper layer winding, a middle layer winding and a lower layer winding each comprising three layers of upper, middle and lower layers, wound around each slot 62b of the armature 60, each slot The number of turns of the upper layer winding, the middle layer winding, and the lower layer winding 62b is the same, and the slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4 and the slot core S10) of the same phase among the slot group 22c composed of predetermined slots. To S13 and slot cores S19 to S22), three upper layer windings 71 to 73, three middle layer windings 68 to 70 and three lower layer windings 65 to 67, One end of the upper layer winding 71, middle layer winding 68, and lower layer winding 65 of the same phase slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) of the first phase slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) The upper layer winding 71, the middle layer winding 68, and the lower layer winding 65 are connected to the segment 64a (segment S2) on which the respective layer windings are wound, and the second in-phase slot group 62c (slot cores S10 to S13). The upper layer winding 72, the middle layer winding 69, and the lower layer winding 66 have one end of each layer winding (upper layer winding 72, middle layer winding 69) of the slot group 62c (slot cores S10 to S13) of the second same phase. The lower layer winding 66) is connected to the segment 64a (segment S11) on which the lower layer winding 66 is wound, and the upper layer winding 73 and middle layer winding 70 of the third in-phase slot group 62c (slot cores S19 to S22). Each layer winding (upper layer winding 73, middle layer winding 70, lower layer winding 67) of the third same phase slot group 62c (slot cores S19 to S22) is wound at one end of the lower layer winding 67. Three segments of an upper layer winding 71, an intermediate layer winding 68, and a lower layer winding 65 of the first same phase slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) are connected to the segment 64a (segment S20) on the side. Of the wires, the other end of one winding (upper layer winding 71) is connected to a segment 64a (segment S3) on which the winding (upper layer winding 71) is wound, and the second same phase. Of the slot group 62c (slot cores S10 to S13) of the upper layer winding 71 (upper layer winding 72, upper layer winding 72, middle layer winding 69, lower layer winding 66). ) Is the second slot group 6 of the same phase. Each layer winding (upper layer winding 72, middle layer winding 69, lower layer winding 66) of 2c (slot cores S10 to S13) is connected to a segment 64a (segment S12) on the side where it is wound, and the third same Each layer winding (upper layer winding 73, middle layer winding 70, lower layer winding 67) of the phase slot group 62c (slot cores S19 to S22), and the same layer winding as the upper layer winding 71 (upper layer winding) 73) is provided on the side where the respective layer windings (upper layer winding 73, middle layer winding 70, lower layer winding 67) of the third same-phase slot group 62c (slot cores S19 to S22) are wound. Of the remaining two windings (middle layer winding 68, lower layer winding 65), the other end of one winding (lower layer winding 65) is connected to the segment 64a (segment S21) of the second same phase. Each of the slot group 62c (slot cores S10 to S13) The windings (upper layer winding 72, middle layer winding 69, lower layer winding 66) are connected to the segment 64a (segment S12) on which the windings are wound, and the second in-phase slot group 62c (slot cores S10 to S10). S13) each layer winding (upper layer winding 72, middle layer winding 69, lower layer winding 66), the other end of the winding of the same layer as the lower layer winding 65 (lower layer winding 66) is the third winding Each layer winding (upper layer winding 73, middle layer winding 70, lower layer winding 67) of the slot group 62c (slot cores S19 to S22) of the same phase is connected to the segment 64a (segment S21) on the side where the winding is wound, Each layer winding (upper layer winding 73, middle layer winding 70, lower layer winding 67) of the third same-phase slot group 62c (slot cores S19 to S22), and the winding of the same layer as the lower layer winding 65 The other end of the wire (lower layer winding 67) is the same as the first The slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) of each layer winding (upper layer winding 71, middle layer winding 68, lower layer winding 65) is connected to the segment 64a (segment S3) on the side where the winding is wound, and the rest The other end of one winding (middle layer winding 68) is connected to each layer winding (upper layer winding 73, middle layer winding 70, lower layer winding 67) of the slot group 62c (slot cores S19 to S22) of the third same phase. ) Is connected to the segment 64a (segment S21) on the winding side, and the respective layer windings (upper layer winding 72, middle layer winding 69) of the slot group 62c (slot cores S10 to S13) of the second same phase. The other end of the lower layer winding 66) of the same layer as the middle layer winding 68 (middle layer winding 69) is the respective layer winding of the slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) of the first same phase. (Upper layer winding 71, middle layer winding 68, lower layer winding Wire 65) is connected to the segment 64a (segment S3) on the winding side, and each layer winding (upper layer winding 73, middle layer winding) of the slot group 62c (slot cores S19 to S22) of the third same phase. 70, the lower layer winding 67), and the other end of the same layer winding (middle layer winding 70) as the middle layer winding 68 is the respective layer of the slot group 62c (slot cores S10 to S13) of the second same phase. Since the windings (upper layer winding 72, middle layer winding 69 and lower layer winding 66) are configured to be connected to the segment 64a (segment S12) on the winding side, the lower layer windings 65 to 67, The lengths of the middle layer windings 68 to 70 can be shortened, the resistance of the entire motor is reduced, and even when a deviation occurs in the contact timing of the brush 55, the slots of the same phase positioned at 120 degrees or 240 degrees are shifted. Core 6 Since a is excited evenly, it is possible to achieve both high motor output and reduced generation of uneven motor rotation, vibration and abnormal noise when the timing of contact of the brush 55 occurs. At the same time, since the rectification is performed by the three brushes 55 of the same polarity, when the brush 55 is slidably contacted with the commutator 64 (segment 64a), the contact resistance of the winding short-circuited by the brush 55 is increased, and the rectification is performed. A rotating electric machine capable of reducing sparks can be provided.

  In the rotating electrical machine according to the third embodiment of the present invention, the other end of the lower layer winding 65 of the first same-phase slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) is the second same-phase slot group 62c. (Slot cores S10 to S13) are connected to the segment 64a (segment S12) on the side where each layer winding is wound, and the middle layer winding 68 of the first in-phase slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4). Is connected to a segment 64a (segment S21) on which each layer winding of the third in-phase slot group 62c (slot cores S19 to S22) is wound, and the first in-phase slot group The other end of the upper layer winding 71 of 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) is a segment 64a (on the side where each layer winding of the slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) of the first same phase is wound. However, the present invention is not limited to this case, and the case where the winding method of two windings of the upper layer winding, the middle layer winding and the lower layer winding is reversed, that is, the upper layer winding is shown. When the winding method of the winding and the middle layer winding is reversed (FIG. 28), when the winding method of the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding is reversed (FIG. 29), the winding of the middle layer winding and the lower layer winding For example, as shown in FIG. 28, the other end of the lower layer winding 65 of the first in-phase slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) may be used. Are connected to the segment 64a (segment S12) on which the respective layer windings of the second slot group 62c (slot cores S10 to S13) are wound, and the first slot group 62c (slot) The other end of the middle layer winding 68 of the cores S1 to S4) is the same as the first one. The slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) is connected to the segment 24a (segment S3) on the side where each layer winding is wound, and the slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) of the first same phase is connected. The other end of the upper layer winding 71 may be connected to the segment 64a (segment S21) on the side where each layer winding of the third same phase slot group 62c (slot cores S19 to S22) is wound. . In this case, the lengths of the lower layer windings 65 to 68 and the upper layer windings 71 to 73 can be shortened, the resistance of the entire motor is reduced, and even when a deviation occurs in the timing at which the brush 55 contacts, Since the slot cores 62a of the same phase, which are shifted by 240 degrees, are evenly excited, uneven motor rotation, vibration, and abnormal noise when a high output of the motor and a deviation in timing of contact with the brush 55 occur. In addition, since the rectification is performed by the three brushes 55 having the same polarity, the brush 55 is short-circuited by the brush 55 when slidably contacting the commutator 64 (segment 64a). It is possible to provide a rotating electrical machine capable of increasing the contact resistance of the windings and reducing rectifying sparks.

  Further, according to the third embodiment of the present invention, for example, the upper layer winding, the middle layer winding, and the lower layer winding wound around the same slot group 62c are wound around the slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4). The upper layer winding 71 is a short α winding, and one end and the other end of the upper layer winding 71 are respectively corresponding to the corresponding segments 64a (segments S2, S3) on the side where the upper layer winding 71 is wound. The intermediate layer winding 68 wound around the slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) is a semi-long α winding, and one end of the intermediate layer winding 68 is on the side where the intermediate layer winding 68 is wound. The other end of the middle layer winding 68 is in the same phase as the slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) around which the middle layer winding 68 is wound. Two groups 62c (slot cores S1 to S4, slot cores S10 to S13, and slot cores S19 to S22) that are different from the slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) around which the intermediate layer winding 68 is wound. Of the slot group 62c (slot cores S10 to S13 and slot cores S19 to S22), the corresponding segment 64a (segment S21) on the side where the middle layer winding 70 of one slot group 62c (slot core S19 to S22) is wound. ) And the lower layer winding 65 wound around the slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) is a semi-long α winding, and one end of the lower layer winding 65 is connected to the lower layer winding 65. Wired to the corresponding segment 64a (segment S2) on the winding side, the other end of the lower layer winding 65 is connected to the lower layer winding 5 is a slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4, slot cores S10 to S13, and slot cores S19 to S22) in the same phase as the slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) in which 5 is wound, Of the two slot groups 62c (slot cores S10 to S13 and slot cores S19 to S22) different from the slot group 62c (slot cores S1 to S4) around which the wire 65 is wound, the lower layer winding 65 is wound. Slot group 62c (slot core S19 to S22) corresponding to the segment 64a (segment S21) to which the other end of the middle layer winding 68 is connected is different from the slot group 62c (slot core S19 to S22). Corresponding segment 64a (segment S1) on the side where the lower layer winding 66 of the cores S10 to S13) is wound 2) Since the first layer and the second layer are wound around each slot core 62a, the lower layer winding and the middle layer winding are wound with a short α winding, respectively. Compared to the case, the dead space for the lower layer winding and the middle layer winding (specifically, the dead space formed between the shaft 21 and the connecting wires 65a, 66a, 67a, the shaft 21 and the connecting wires 68a, 69a, Dead space formed with respect to 70a) can be reduced. Therefore, the space factor of the upper layer winding as the third layer winding in each slot core 62a can be improved. Therefore, the space in the winding of the armature 60 can be improved. Further, even when the winding method of the lower layer winding 65 and the middle layer winding 68 is reversed (FIG. 30), the place where the dead space is generated for the lower layer winding and the middle layer winding is different. Since they are the same, dead space can be reduced as compared with the conventional case. Therefore, the space in the winding of the armature 60c can be improved.

  In the rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 20, the circumferential width of each brush 55a to 55f is set to each segment 64a with respect to the sliding contact position of each brush 55a to 55f. However, the present invention is not limited to this case. For example, as shown in FIG. 31, the circumferential width of each brush 55a to 55f is equal to the circumferential width of each segment 64a. It may be about twice or more. Even in such a case, since the anode brush 55a is in sliding contact with the three adjacent segments 24a (segments S2, S3 and S4 in FIG. 31), the lower layer windings 65 to 67 and the middle layer windings 68 to 70 and the upper layer windings 71 to 73 are all short-circuited and not energized, as in the case of FIG. 20, and the lower layer windings 65 ′ to 67 ′, the middle layer windings 68 ′ to 70 ′ and the upper layer windings 71 ′ to All 73 'are also short-circuited and are not energized. Accordingly, as in the case of FIG. 20, the balance of the excitation timing of the armature 60 generated by the current flowing through the armature winding 63 is not lost, and this causes uneven rotation, vibration, and abnormal noise of the motor. Absent. The same applies to FIGS.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
The brushed motor, which is one of the rotating electrical machines according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, is located in the rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 3 described above, with an arbitrary segment on the commutator and a position shifted by 120 degrees and 240 degrees from this segment. It has a pressure equalization line connecting the segments to be connected. Below, what has a pressure equalization connection in a commutator in Embodiment 3 is demonstrated based on FIG. 32, FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of commutator 84 of the brushed motor according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, and FIG. 33 is a winding diagram of armature 80 of the brushed motor according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. . In the brushed motor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the configuration other than the commutator 84 shown in FIG. 32 and the armature 80 shown in FIG. 33 is the same as that of the brushed motor 41 shown in FIG. Therefore, the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 32, the commutator 84 includes an arbitrary segment 64a (segment S2 in FIG. 32) and a segment 64a in the same phase as the segment 64a, that is, a segment 64a (FIG. 32, the segment S11) and the segment 64a (segment S20 in FIG. 32) that are located 240 degrees apart from the segment S2 are each provided with a pressure equalizing connection line 74 that connects one to one. In addition, although not shown in FIG. 32, the pressure equalizing wires 74 are similarly provided between the three segments 64a that are in the same phase, and the number of the pressure equalizing wires 74 is the number of segments in the commutator 84 as a whole. The number is the same as the number of 64a (27 in FIG. 32).

  Also, as shown in FIG. 33, the equalizing wire 74 is in contact with three same-polarity brushes 55 that supply the same voltage. In other words, the pressure equalizing wire 74 connects a plurality of segments in which a plurality of brushes supplying the same voltage simultaneously contact each other. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 33, when the same-polarity brush 55 (anode-side brushes 55a, 55c, 55e) contacts the same-phase segment 64a, the timing of the contact of the brush 55 is shifted. In the case where the segment S2 is turned off, that is, when the segment S2 comes into contact with the same-polarity brush 55 (anode side brushes 55a, 55c, 55e) before the segments S11, S20, or the anode Even if one or two anode brushes out of the side brushes 55a, 55c, 55e are in poor contact, the segment S2 and the segment 64a in the same phase as the segment S2 (segment 11, S20) is connected, the lower layer windings 65-67, the middle layer windings 68-70 and the upper layer windings 71-73 are all short. It is, not energized. Accordingly, the balance of the excitation timing of the armature 80 generated by the current flowing through the armature winding 63 is not lost, and therefore, rotation unevenness, vibration and abnormal noise of the motor do not occur.

  As described above, the rotating electrical machine according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is the same as the rotating electrical machine according to the third embodiment, in which an arbitrary segment and a segment having the same phase as this segment are connected one-to-one. In addition to the effects described in the third embodiment, when the displacement of the timing of contact with the brush 55 occurs or when one or two brushes of the same polarity brush 55 are in contact Even if it becomes defective, since the balance of the excitation timing of the armature 80 generated by the current flowing through the armature winding 63 is not lost, there is a further effect of suppressing magnetic unbalance. Therefore, the rotation of the motor, vibration, and abnormal noise can be suppressed without causing the armature 80 to swing.

  The first and second embodiments of the present invention show the case where the number of permanent magnets 11 is four, and the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention show the case where the number of permanent magnets 51 is six. Although shown, the number of permanent magnets 11 and 51 is not limited to 4 and 6, respectively, and may be an even number.

1, 41: motor with brush (rotary electric machine),
10: York,
10a, 14a: bearing case part,
11, 51: permanent magnet,
11a, 11c, 51a, 51c, 51e: permanent magnet (N pole),
11b, 11d, 51b, 51d, 51f: Permanent magnet (S pole),
12: Magnet holder,
13: Rear bearing,
14: Housing
15, 55: brush,
15a, 15a ′, 15c, 15c ′, 55a, 55a ′, 55c, 55c ′, 55e, 55e ′: anode side brush,
15b, 15b ′, 15d, 15d ′, 55b, 55b ′, 55d, 55d ′, 55f, 55f ′: cathode side brush,
16: Spring brush,
17: Front bearing,
20, 20a, 40, 60, 60a, 60b, 60c, 80: armature,
21: shaft,
22, 62: Armature core,
22a, 62a: slot core,
22b, 62b: slot,
22c, 62c: Slot group 23, 63, 63a: Armature winding,
24, 44, 64, 84: commutator,
24a, 64a: segment,
24b, 64b: hook,
25, 25 ', 26, 26', 65, 65 ', 66, 66', 67, 67 ', 125, 126, 165, 166, 167: lower layer winding,
27, 27 ', 28, 28', 71, 71 ', 72, 72', 73, 73 ', 127, 128, 171, 172, 173: upper layer winding,
25a-25d, 26a-26d, 27a-27d, 28a-28d, 65a-65f, 65h-65k, 66a-66f, 66h-66k, 67a-67f, 67h-67k, 68a-68f, 68h-68k, 69a- 69f, 69h-69k, 70a-70f, 70h-70k, 71a-71f, 71h-71k, 72a-72f, 72h-72k, 73a-73f, 73h-73k: Crossover,
29, 74: pressure equalization connection,
68, 68 ', 69, 69', 70, 70 ', 168, 169, 170: middle layer winding,
65g, 66g, 67g, 68g, 69g, 70g, 71g, 72g, 73g: Coil part.

Claims (5)

A commutator having a plurality of segments, to which two sets of brushes are slidably contacted, an armature having the same number of slot cores as the segments, and wound in each slot of the armature, each having two upper and lower layers In a rotating electrical machine having an upper layer winding and a lower layer winding, the number of turns of the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding in each slot is the same, and among the slot groups constituted by predetermined slots, the slot group having the same phase Two upper layer windings and two lower layer windings wound around each of the upper layer windings and the lower layer windings of the first in-phase slot group. The second and same phase slot groups are connected to the corresponding segments on the side where each layer winding of the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding is wound, and are opposed to the first same phase slot group by 180 degrees . One of the upper and lower windings Is connected to a corresponding segment on the side where each layer winding of the second same-phase slot group is wound, and 2 of the upper layer winding and lower layer winding of the first same-phase slot group. Of the two windings, the other end of one of the windings is connected to a corresponding segment on the side where the winding is wound, and each layer winding of the second group of same-phase slots, The other end of the winding in the same layer as the one winding is connected to a corresponding segment on the side where the winding is wound, and the other end of the other winding is the slot group of the second same phase. Each layer winding is connected to a corresponding segment on the side where the winding is wound, and each layer winding of the second group of same-phase slots, the other end of the winding of the same layer as the other winding is That each layer winding of the slot group of the first same phase is connected to a corresponding segment on the side where the winding is wound. Rotating electric machine according to symptoms.   The upper layer winding is short α winding, and one end and the other end of the upper layer winding are connected to the corresponding segment on the side where the upper layer winding is wound, and the lower layer winding is semi-long. α winding, one end of the lower layer winding is connected to a corresponding segment on which the lower layer winding is wound, and the other end of the lower layer winding is wound with the lower layer winding A slot group having the same phase as the slot group, and is connected to a corresponding segment on the side where the lower layer winding of the slot group different from the slot group around which the lower layer winding is wound is wound The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1. A commutator having a plurality of segments, in which three sets of brushes are slidably contacted, an armature having the same number of slot cores as the segments, and wound on each slot of the armature, and each of upper, middle and lower three layers In a rotating electrical machine having an upper layer winding, an intermediate layer winding, and a lower layer winding made of the slots, the upper layer winding, the middle layer winding, and the lower layer winding of each slot have the same number of turns, and are configured with predetermined slots. A group of three upper layer windings, three middle layer windings and three lower layer windings wound around a group of slots in the same phase, the upper layer winding of the first group of slots in the same phase; One end of each of the middle layer winding and the lower layer winding is connected to a corresponding segment on the side where each layer winding of the upper layer winding, middle layer winding, and lower layer winding is wound, and is connected to the slot group of the first same phase. the second identical phase position displaced 120 degrees against Upper winding of lot group, one end of the middle winding and the lower winding is connected to the segment corresponding to the side of each winding slot group of the second of the same phase is wound, the first of the same phase One end of the upper layer winding, middle layer winding and lower layer winding of the third in-phase slot group located at 240 degrees with respect to each slot group is wound by each layer winding of the third in-phase slot group. One of the three windings of the upper layer winding, the middle layer winding, and the lower layer winding of the first same-phase slot group that is connected to the corresponding segment on the mounting side The other end of each of the windings is connected to a corresponding segment on the side where the winding is wound, and each layer winding of the second same phase slot group and each layer winding of the third same phase slot group. The other ends of the windings on the same layer as the one winding are respectively connected to the second same-phase winding. The corresponding segment on the side where each layer winding of the wire group is wound, and the corresponding segment on the side where each layer winding of the slot group of the third same phase is wound, the remaining two windings The other end of one of the windings is connected to a corresponding segment on the side where each layer winding of the second in-phase slot group is wound, and the other end of the second in-phase slot group Each layer winding and each layer winding of the third same-phase slot group, and the other end of the winding of the same layer as any one of the remaining two windings is the third winding, respectively. Are connected to the corresponding segment on the side where each layer winding of the slot group of the same phase is wound, the corresponding segment on the side where each layer winding of the slot group of the first same phase is wound, and the rest The other end of one winding corresponds to the side on which each layer winding of the third same-phase slot group is wound. Each layer winding of the second same-phase slot group and each layer winding of the third same-phase slot group, the same-layer winding as the remaining one winding The other end of each of the first and second phase slots corresponds to the corresponding segment on the side where each layer winding is wound, and the other side corresponding to the side where each layer winding of the second same phase slot group is wound. A rotating electrical machine characterized in that it is connected to a segment to be connected.   The upper layer winding is a short α winding, and one end and the other end of the upper layer winding are respectively connected to corresponding segments on the side where the upper layer winding is wound, and the middle layer winding is a semi-long α winding. One end of the intermediate layer winding is connected to a corresponding segment on the side where the intermediate layer winding is wound, and the other end of the intermediate layer winding is a slot group in which the intermediate layer winding is wound. Of two slot groups different from the slot group in which the middle layer winding is wound, the corresponding group on the side where the middle layer winding of one slot group is wound. The lower layer winding is semi-long α winding, and one end of the lower layer winding is connected to the corresponding segment on the side where the lower layer winding is wound, and the lower layer winding The other end of the slot group in which the lower layer winding is wound Of the two slot groups different from the slot group in which the lower layer winding is wound, the other end of the middle layer winding of the slot group in which the lower layer winding is wound is the same phase slot group. 4. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, wherein the rotating electrical machine is connected to a corresponding segment on a side where a lower layer winding of a slot group different from the slot group corresponding to the connected segment is wound.   The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a pressure equalizing connection for connecting segments of the same phase.

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