JP5364827B1 - Woody fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an inexpensive wood fuel that can be manufactured with a small number of work steps and at low cost regardless of the shape of waste wood, etc., and is excellent in ignitability, combustibility, portability, and performance.
The formed wood 1 is placed on the lower pressing board B2, the upper pressing board B1 is lowered, and the upper pressing board B1 and the lower pressing board B2 are pressed with the wood 1 sandwiched between them. The pressing projection B3 on the board B1 side dents the surface 10 of the wood 1 to form a plurality of recesses 2, and the pressing projection B3 on the lower pressing board B2 side dents the back surface 11 of the wood 1 to create a plurality of recesses 2. The recess 2 is formed.
[Selection] Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood fuel made from thinned wood or waste wood.

  There are known wood fuels obtained by using powdered waste wood or the like as a main raw material and pressure-molding the main raw material, or wood fuel obtained by processing wood itself.

  The thing of the following patent document 1 adds a binder to the waste wood etc. which were pulverized, and press-molds this.

  The thing of the following patent document 2 opens the vertical hole and the horizontal hole which mutually communicate in the log-shaped wood which can stand upright.

JP 2003-119391 A JP 2011-001417 A

  According to the prior art of Patent Document 1, it is possible to provide a woody fuel that mainly uses discarded wood that is industrial waste. Further, according to the prior art of Patent Document 2, wood fuel can be produced without pulverizing the wood, and the combustion air is guided to the inside of the wood from the vertical hole and the horizontal hole communicating with each other, thereby improving the efficiency. Wood fuel that can be burned automatically.

  However, in the prior art of Patent Document 1, when producing a wood fuel, a pulverization step for pulverizing waste wood, a mixing step for adding a binder to the pulverized waste wood, and drying the obtained molded product. Since many work steps such as a compression step are required, it takes a considerable amount of time to complete the wood fuel, and while using cheap waste wood that is essentially industrial waste as the main raw material, There was a problem that the manufacturing cost was high due to the time required for the work process and the cost of the binder.

  In particular, there has been a problem that a considerable time is required for the pulverization process and the mixing process, and a considerable time is required for the drying process due to moisture and oil contained in the resin and sap.

  And in order to burn such wood fuel efficiently, there existed a problem that the special stove only for this wood fuel was needed.

  Moreover, in the prior art of patent document 2, there exists a problem that wastes, such as a sawdust and a fragment, arise at the time of processing a vertical hole and a horizontal hole, and when using a waste wood, the disposal which can be used according to thickness or a curve condition. There was also a problem that wood was limited. Furthermore, since it is a log-like wood fuel that can be erected, there is a problem that it is inferior in portability and performance.

  This invention makes it an example of a subject to cope with such a problem. That is, it is an object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive wood fuel that can be manufactured with a small number of working steps and at low cost regardless of the shape of the waste wood, etc., and is excellent in ignitability, combustibility, portability, and performance.

  In order to achieve such an object, the present invention comprises at least the following configuration.

A plurality of concavities having a conical shape are formed over the entire area of at least one surface of the wood to be flat, and the concavity has an opening corresponding to a bottom surface of the conical shape with a diameter of 10 mm to 15 mm, and the inner side of the wood is It is a woody fuel formed by pressing the pressing protrusions having a conical shape so as to have a conical apex shape .

  By having such characteristics, the present invention has the following effects. That is, regardless of the shape of the waste wood, etc., it is possible to produce an inexpensive woody fuel that can be manufactured with a small number of work steps and at low cost, and is excellent in ignitability, combustibility, portability, and performance.

It is a perspective view which shows an example of the wood fuel which concerns on this invention. It is the (2)-(2) sectional view taken on the line of FIG. (A)-(c) is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the wood fuel which concerns on this invention. It is a front view which shows roughly an example of the manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the wood fuel which concerns on this invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a reduction arrow of (5)-(5) in FIG. 4. It is a front view which shows roughly the manufacturing state of a wood fuel in the manufacturing apparatus of FIG. FIG. 3 is a front view schematically showing another example of a production apparatus for producing a wood fuel according to the present invention. (A)-(d) is process drawing which shows an example of the manufacturing method for manufacturing the wood fuel which concerns on this invention.

The shape of timber to be described below, from the fact that to fuel the wood stove, is preferably a flat plate,

This timber includes those obtained by forming the discarded timber, which is industrial waste such as thinned wood, waste, and milled wood, into the above-mentioned flat plate shape , or using the flat plate- shaped discarded wood as it is.

  In addition, the wood may be formed in a circular shape, a square shape, an elliptical shape, an oval shape, or the like, or may be a waste wood cut in the longitudinal direction and the radial direction without adjusting the external shape to the shape described above. .

  The depth of the recess described below is preferably less than half the thickness of the wood.

  In the case of woody fuel in which concave portions are formed on both one surface of the wood and the other surface facing this one surface, the concave portions on the one surface side and the concave portions on the other surface side are arranged so that the axes of both concave portions are in the radial direction of the axis. It is preferable to arrange them adjacent to each other.

  As a method used for the production of the woody fuel described above, a method of forming a plurality of recesses on the one surface of the wood by pressing at least one surface of the wood with a plurality of pressing projections can be exemplified.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the length of a press protrusion part is half or less of the thickness of a timber.

  Further, in the case of a manufacturing method in which a recess is formed on both one surface of the wood and the other surface facing this one surface, the pressing projections on the one surface side and the pressing projections on the other surface side are connected to each other between the axes of both pressing projections. Are preferably arranged adjacent to each other in the radial direction of the axis.

  As a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the woody fuel described above, a pair of pressing plates disposed so as to face each other, and a plurality of the pressing plates provided on at least one of the pressing plates so as to face the other pressing plate And at least one of the pair of pressing plates is slidably supported in the direction of the other pressing plate, and the pair of the woods arranged between the pair of pressing plates is supported by the sliding of the pressing plate. An example of a wood fuel manufacturing apparatus is characterized in that the depression is formed on the one surface by pressing the one surface of the wood facing the pressing projection with the pressing projection. it can. Further, in the case of a manufacturing apparatus that forms a recess on both one surface of the wood and the other surface facing this one surface, the pressing projections on the one surface side and the pressing projections on the other surface side are connected to each other between the axes of both pressing projections. Are preferably arranged adjacent to each other in the radial direction of the axis so that the pressing protrusions do not contact each other.

  In addition, it is preferable that at least one of the pair of pressing plates is provided with a slide stopper portion that restricts the sliding of the pressing plates and stops pressing against the wood.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of a wood fuel according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, each embodiment described below does not limit the present invention.

  FIG.1 and FIG.2 is a block diagram of the wood fuel A based on this invention. In the wood fuel A, a plurality of recesses 2 are formed on a front surface (one surface) 10 and a rear surface (other surface) 11 of a wood 1 formed by forming waste wood into a rectangular flat plate shape.

  The lumber 1 is made of flattened squares made from thinned lumber branches and irregularities, and bark removed, flattened squares made from squares, flat edges, etc. The material etc. which shape | molded the rectangle etc. are contained.

  The size of the wood 1 is preferably about 30 mm to 50 mm in thickness, about 100 mm to 150 mm in width, and about 500 mm to 600 mm in length, and by using such a size, it can be easily handled as fuel for wood stoves, It can be made suitable for ignitability, combustibility, portability, and performance.

  The recess 2 has a conical shape having an opening corresponding to the bottom surface with a diameter of about 10 mm to 15 mm and having the apex at the inner side of the wood 1, and the depth is half the thickness of the wood 1. The space | interval of the recessed part 2 adjacent to radial direction is about 40 mm-50 mm. Further, the concave portion 2 on the front surface 10 side and the concave portion 2 on the back surface 11 side are arranged so that the axes of the two concave portions 2 are adjacent in the radial direction.

  Such wood fuel A can increase the area in contact with the outside air or flame by the plurality of recesses 2, and the recesses 2 are formed on the front surface 10 and the back surface 11 of the wood 1. Outside air or flame can be brought into contact with the recess 2 from the front and back of the wood 1. Therefore, the drying time can be shortened and high combustion efficiency can be provided.

  Furthermore, by making the concave part 2 conical, the amount of reduction in the combustion part (solid part in the wood 1) in the wood 1 can be reduced while increasing the area in contact with the outside air or flame. Therefore, the shortening of the combustion time of the wood fuel A can be minimized and the necessary combustion time can be ensured.

  Further, since the concave portion 2 on the front surface 10 side and the concave portion 2 on the rear surface 11 side are arranged so that the axes of both concave portions 2 are adjacent to each other in the radial direction, between the adjacent concave portions 2 on the front surface 10 side and on the rear surface 10 side. The distance between the adjacent recesses 2 can be secured wider than that of a form (not shown) in which the same number of recesses 2 are formed on one of the front surface 10 and the back surface 11. Therefore, a decrease in strength of the wood fuel A can be minimized and a necessary strength can be ensured.

  That is, the wood fuel A can reduce the drying time by the form of the recess 2 as described above, has high combustion efficiency, can secure the necessary combustion time, and has the necessary strength. Can do.

  Moreover, as another form of the recessed part 2 of the wood fuel A, the form shown to Fig.3 (a)-(c) can be illustrated. The wood fuel A shown in FIG. 3A is provided with a recess 2 having a depth reaching only the front surface 10 side of the wood 1 and close to the back surface 11 side.

  According to the wood fuel A provided with such a recess 2, the recess 2 having a depth reaching the back surface 11 side can increase the area in contact with the outside air and the flame, so that the drying time can be shortened. In addition, high combustion efficiency can be provided.

  The wood fuel A shown in FIG. 3 (b) is one in which the concave portions 2 are provided on the front surface 10 side and the rear surface 11 side of the wood 1, and the axial lines of both the concave portions 2 are coaxial. The depth of the recess 2 is less than half of the thickness of the wood 1 so that both the recesses 2 do not penetrate.

  According to the wood fuel A provided with such a recess 2, the recess 2 provided on both the front surface 10 side and the back surface 11 side can increase the area in contact with the outside air and flame, so the drying time can be increased. It can be shortened and can have high combustion efficiency.

  The wood fuel A shown in FIG. 3 (c) is provided with the concave portions 2 on the front surface 10 side and the rear surface 11 side of the wood 1, and is arranged so that the axial lines of both the concave portions 2 are adjacent in the radial direction. Is. Each of the recesses has a depth reaching the front surface 10 side and the back surface 11 side of the wood 1.

  According to the woody fuel A provided with such a recess 2, the area in contact with the outside air or flame by the recesses 2 on both the front surface 10 side and the back surface 11 side having a depth reaching the front surface 10 side and the back surface 11 side. Therefore, the drying time can be further shortened and higher combustion efficiency can be provided.

The shape of the concave portion 2 is not limited to a conical shape may be a triangular pyramid or a quadrangular pyramid.

  4 to 6 are schematic configuration diagrams of the wood fuel A manufacturing apparatus B. FIG. The manufacturing apparatus B will be described as a manufacturing apparatus B that manufactures the wood fuel A shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

  The manufacturing apparatus B includes a pair of pressing plates (hereinafter referred to as an upper pressing plate B1 and a lower side as a lower pressing plate B2), and an upper pressing plate B1 and a lower pressing, which are arranged to face each other in the vertical direction in the drawing. A plurality of pressing projections B3 provided on both sides of the board B2 and a pressing device B4 for sliding the upper pressing board B1 so as to approach and separate from the lower pressing board B2. The presser B4 can use a hydraulic cylinder.

  The upper pressing board B1 is supported so as to move up and down by a pressing device B4, and the lower pressing board B2 is fixedly supported so as to face the upper pressing board B1 downward, and the wood 1 is placed on the lower pressing board B2. It is supposed to be placed.

  The upper press board B1 is fixedly supported, and the lower press board B2 is provided with a presser B4, and the lower press board B2 is slid so as to approach and separate from the upper press board B1 by expansion and contraction of the presser B4. It may be supported as possible. Further, a presser B4 is provided on both the upper presser board B1 and the lower presser board B2, and the upper presser board B1 and the lower press board B2 are moved closer to and away from each other by expansion and contraction of the presser B4. You may support so that a slide is possible. Moreover, a pair of press board is good also as what was distribute | arranged not only what was distribute | arranged up and down, but right and left.

  The pressing protrusion B3 is a conical protrusion fixed to a plate B10 that is detachably attached to the upper pressing board B1 and a plate B20 that is detachably attached to the lower pressing board B2.

  The pressing projection B3 is made of metal whose height is half the thickness of the wood 1. Further, the pressing projection B3 on the plate B10 side and the pressing projection B3 on the plate B20 side are provided so that their axes are adjacent in the radial direction.

  At the left and right ends of the plate B10 and the plate B20 in the drawing, a slide stopper portion B5 having the same height as that of the pressing projection B3 is projected. The slide stopper portion B5 is provided so as to face and come into contact with each other in the vertical direction when the upper pressing plate B1 is lowered, and is configured to restrict the lowering of the upper pressing plate B1 when contacted.

  The height of the slide stopper B5 is set to be the same as the height of the pressing projection B3, and the distance between the plate 10 and the plate 20 is set to the thickness of the wood 1 when they are in contact with each other. Yes.

  Such a slide stopper portion B5 can form the concave portion 2 normally by contacting each other during the production of the wood fuel A, and the excessive pressing force against the wood 1 by the upper pressing disc B1 and the lower pressing disc B2. Can be prevented from acting.

  According to such a slide stopper portion B5, it is possible to prevent the wood 1 from being damaged during the production of the wood fuel A, and the recess 2 can be reliably formed.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the pressing protrusion B3 may be directly provided on the upper pressing board B1 and the lower pressing board B2. In this case, the slide stopper portion 5 is directly provided on the upper pressing board B1 and the lower pressing board B2.

  In this case, the height of the slide stopper portion B5 is equal to the thickness of the wood 1, and when the slide stopper portion B5 contacts the plate B20, the distance between the plate 10 and the plate 20 can be formed normally. At the same time, the interval is such that an excessive pressing force against the wood 1 by the upper pressing plate B1 and the lower pressing plate B2 does not act.

  According to such a slide stopper portion B5, it is possible to prevent the wood 1 from being damaged during the production of the wood fuel A, and the recess 2 can be reliably formed.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the slide stopper B5 may slide in the vertical direction (left-right direction) with respect to the plate B10 and the plate B20 and be fixed at an arbitrary position. In the case of such a slide stopper portion B5, the length of the pressing projection B3 is set to be long, and the slide stopper portion is positioned so that the pressing projection B3 can mold the recess 2 having a desired depth. By sliding and fixing B5, the recesses 2 having various depths can be formed without replacing the pressing projection B3.

  According to such a manufacturing apparatus B, the wood 1 is placed on the lower press board B2, and the upper press board B1 is slid in the direction approaching the lower press board B2 by the extension of the presser B4, so that the wood 1 is moved upward. The pressing plate B1 and the lower pressing plate B2 are sandwiched and pressed from above and below, and the pressing protrusion B3 dents the front surface 10 and the back surface 11 of the wood 1 with this pressing force, whereby the concave portion 2 can be formed.

  In addition, a plurality of pressing projections B3 are provided on the plate B10 and the plate B20, and the axis of the pressing projection B3 on the plate B10 side and the pressing projection B3 on the plate B20 side are adjacent in the radial direction. With this pressing operation, it is possible to manufacture the wood fuel A in which a plurality of recesses 2 whose axial lines are adjacent in the radial direction on the front surface 10 side and the back surface 11 side.

  Moreover, since this manufacturing apparatus B shape | molds the recessed part 2 by the press of the press protrusion part B3 with respect to the surface 10 and the back surface 11 of the timber 1, when forming the recessed part 2, a sawdust, a fragment, etc. are not produced.

  In addition, since the pressing protrusion B3 has a conical shape that is easy to pierce the wood 1 at the time of pressing, the pressure on the wood 1 at the time of pressing can be reduced, thereby preventing the damage of the wood 1 at the time of forming the recess 2 can do.

  Moreover, the slide stopper part B5 can suppress the excessive press with respect to the timber 1 by controlling the fall of the upper pressing board B1. As a result, it is possible to prevent the wood 1 from being damaged during the formation of the recess 2 and to reliably form the recess 2.

  8 (a) to 8 (d) are process diagrams including the method for producing the woody fuel A of the present invention. This manufacturing method is a method for manufacturing the wood fuel A shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 by using the manufacturing apparatus B shown in FIGS. Moreover, in this manufacturing method, the method using the thinning material C as a waste wood is illustrated.

  First step (FIG. 8A): Cuts and removes branches, protrusions, bark, and the like of the thinned material C and cuts them to a predetermined length. At this time, in order to suppress the generation of sawdust and fine debris, it is preferable to use a cutting device (not shown) that cuts by applying pressure to the cutting blade without using a saw or a chainsaw when cutting the thinned material C. . However, when it is difficult to cut, a saw, a chainsaw, or the like may be used. The predetermined length here is about 500 mm to 600 mm corresponding to the length of the wood 1 described above.

  2nd process (FIG.8 (b)): The thinning material C cut | disconnected by the predetermined | prescribed length is cut | disconnected in the shape of a pressing angle | corner material of predetermined width | variety. At this time, in order to suppress generation of sawdust and fine debris, it is preferable to use a cutting device (not shown) that cuts with a cutting blade without using a saw or a chain saw when cutting the thinned material C. The predetermined width here is about 100 mm to 150 mm corresponding to the width of the wood 1 described above.

  3rd process (FIG.8 (c)): The thinning material C cut | disconnected by the shape of a pressing-end | timber material of predetermined length is cut | disconnected to predetermined thickness, and the flat-shaped wood 1 is shape | molded. At this time, in order to suppress generation of sawdust and fine debris, it is preferable to use a cutting device (not shown) that cuts with a cutting blade without using a saw or a chain saw when cutting the thinned material C. The predetermined thickness here is about 10 mm to 30 mm corresponding to the thickness of the wood 1 described above.

  The 1st process-the 3rd process are processes for shape | molding the timber 1 used as the material of the wood fuel A, but depending on the state and shape of waste wood, some processes of the 1st process-the 3rd process, Alternatively, all processes may be unnecessary. In addition, the above-described size of the wood fuel A is a guideline and is not a strict numerical value. Therefore, if the size of the discarded wood is close to the exemplified size, it can be used as the wood 1 as it is.

  Fourth step (FIG. 8 (d)): The molded wood 1 is placed on the lower pressing board B2, the upper pressing board B1 is lowered, and the wood 1 is sandwiched between the upper pressing board B1 and the lower pressing board B2. By pressing, the pressing protrusion B3 on the upper pressing board B1 side dents the surface 10 of the wood 1 to form a plurality of recesses 2, and the pressing protrusion B3 on the lower pressing board B2 side forms the back surface 11 of the wood 1. The plurality of recesses 2 are formed by indenting.

  By this fourth step, the wood fuel A in which a plurality of recesses 2 are formed on the front surface 10 and the back surface 11 of the wood 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is promptly and surely damaged, and the wood 1 may be damaged. It can be manufactured without.

  The wood fuel A shown in FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (c) is also formed with the height and arrangement for molding the wood 1 by the first to third steps and forming the recesses 2 of these wood fuel A. It can manufacture by the 4th process by the manufacturing apparatus B provided with the part B3.

  5th process (not shown): The wood fuel A manufactured by the 1st process-the 4th process is dried. As a method of drying the woody fuel A, the area where the outside air comes into contact can be increased by the formed concave portion 2, and the outside air can be brought into contact with the inside of the wood 1, so that natural drying can be used. .

  The method for drying the wood fuel A may be the natural drying described above or forced drying with hot air from a drying device. Whichever drying method is used, the area where the outside air and hot air come into contact can be increased by the molded recess 2, and the outside air and hot air can be brought into contact with the inside of the wood 1. Time can be shortened.

  According to such a manufacturing method of the wood fuel A, waste wood is pulverized or drilled, waste wood that can be used is selected, pulverized material and binder are mixed, a molded product containing a binder having a high water content is dried, etc. Compared with the prior art manufacturing method that requires considerable work time and easily produces sawdust and fine debris, the production time can be greatly reduced and the generation of sawdust and fine debris can be greatly reduced. .

  Furthermore, this method for producing wood fuel A can eliminate the need for a pulverizing apparatus used for pulverizing wood, a mixing apparatus used for mixing pulverized material and a binder, and a binder. Therefore, a drying apparatus can be made unnecessary by using natural drying.

Therefore, the manufacturing method of the wood fuel A can reduce the production time, can be produced only with waste wood, can be used as a material for the wood fuel A without being limited by the shape of the waste wood, etc. It is possible to produce wood fuel A with a short drying time, a high combustion efficiency, a necessary combustion time, and a necessary strength, at a low production cost. it can. Therefore, the wood fuel A having high performance as a fuel can be provided at low cost .

A: Woody fuel 1: Wood 10: Surface (one side)
11: Back side (other side)
2: Concave part B: Manufacturing apparatus B1: Upper press board (press board)
B2: Lower pressing board (pressing board)
B3: Pressing protrusion B5: Slide stopper

Claims (3)

A plurality of concavities having a conical shape are formed over the entire area of at least one surface of the wood to be flat, and the concavity has an opening corresponding to a bottom surface of the conical shape with a diameter of 10 mm to 15 mm, and the inner side of the wood is A wood fuel formed by pressing a pressing projection portion having a conical shape so as to have a shape having a conical apex .   The woody fuel according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the recess is not more than half of the thickness of the wood.   A wood fuel in which the concave portion is formed on both the one surface of the wood and the other surface facing the one surface, and the concave portion on the one surface side and the concave portion on the other surface side are connected to each other along the axes of the two concave portions. The woody fuel according to claim 1, wherein the fuel is disposed so as to be adjacent in a radial direction of the axis.

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