JP5363359B2 - Nanofiber manufacturing apparatus and nanofiber manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nanofiber-producing apparatus, whose nozzle can easily be changed in response to the kind of a raw material liquid. <P>SOLUTION: The nanofiber-producing apparatus 100 for electrically drawing a raw material liquid 300 in a space to produce the nanofibers is characterized by including an outflow member 110 having a plurality of outflow holes 114 for flowing out the raw material liquid 300 in the space, wherein the outflow member 110 has the first member 111 for adjusting the flow rate of the raw material liquid flowed out from the outflow holes 114. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus and a nanofiber manufacturing method for manufacturing a fiber (nanofiber) having a fineness from submicron to nanometer by an electrostatic stretching phenomenon.

  As a method for producing a filamentous (fibrous) material made of resin and having a nanoscale diameter from submicron, a method using an electrostatic stretching phenomenon (electrospinning) is known.

  This electrostatic stretching phenomenon means that a raw material liquid in which a solute such as a resin is dispersed or dissolved in a solvent is discharged (injected) into the space by a nozzle or the like, and an electric charge is applied to the raw material liquid to charge the space. This is a method of obtaining nanofibers by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in flight.

  The electrostatic stretching phenomenon will be described more specifically as follows. That is, the raw material liquid that has been charged and discharged into the space gradually evaporates the solvent while flying through the space. As a result, the volume of the raw material liquid in flight gradually decreases, but the charge imparted to the raw material liquid remains in the raw material liquid. As a result, the charge density of the raw material liquid in flight through the space gradually increases. Since the solvent continues to evaporate, the charge density of the raw material liquid further increases, and when the repulsive Coulomb force generated in the raw material liquid exceeds the surface tension of the raw material liquid, the raw material liquid explodes. The phenomenon that the film is stretched linearly occurs. This is the electrostatic stretching phenomenon. This electrostatic stretching phenomenon occurs geometrically in the space one after another, so that a nanofiber made of a resin having a diameter of sub-micron to nano-order is manufactured.

  Improvement of the production efficiency of nanofibers can be cited as an exclusive problem of an apparatus for producing nanofibers using the electrostatic stretching phenomenon as described above. For this reason, conventionally, a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a nanofiber by flowing a raw material liquid from a multi-nozzle in which a plurality of thin cylindrical nozzles are arranged has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). In addition, a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus that manufactures nanofibers by causing a raw material liquid to flow out from a plurality of nozzles provided on a peripheral wall of a rotating rotating container has also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2). According to these conventional nanofiber manufacturing apparatuses, many nanofibers can flow out from a large amount of nozzles, so that the amount of nanofibers generated can be increased and the production efficiency of nanofibers can be improved.

JP 2002-201559 A JP 2008-150769 A

  However, the conventional nanofiber manufacturing apparatus has a problem that it is difficult to change a large amount of nozzles according to the type of raw material liquid.

  That is, in the conventional nanofiber manufacturing apparatus described above, it is necessary to adjust the amount of the raw material liquid flowing out from the nozzles by changing the hole diameter and the arrangement interval of the holes in accordance with the type of the raw material liquid. For example, it is necessary to change to a nozzle having a larger hole diameter as the viscosity of the raw material liquid increases.

  However, in the above-mentioned conventional nanofiber manufacturing apparatus, it is necessary to replace all of a large number of nozzles for each type of raw material liquid, or to replace each multi-nozzle or rotating container provided with nozzles. It is difficult to carry out the exchange every time is changed.

  Then, this invention is made | formed in view of such a problem, and it aims at providing the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus and nanofiber manufacturing method which can be easily changed into the nozzle according to the kind of raw material liquid. And

  In order to achieve the above object, a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention is a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing nanofibers by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in a space, and the raw material liquid is placed in the space. An outflow body having a plurality of outflow holes to be flowed out is provided, and the outflow body includes a first member for adjusting a flow rate of the raw material liquid flowing out of the outflow hole.

  According to this, an outflow body is provided with the 1st member which adjusts the flow volume of the raw material liquid flowed out from the nozzle which is an outflow hole. In other words, without changing a large number of nozzles or replacing the entire outflow body (multi-nozzle or rotating container), the first member is changed to a nozzle that discharges a raw material liquid having a flow rate corresponding to the type of the raw material liquid. Can do. For this reason, it can change to the nozzle according to the kind of raw material liquid easily.

  Preferably, the outflow body further includes a second member having the plurality of outflow holes, and having a flow path through which the raw material liquid flows toward the plurality of outflow holes, One member regulates the flow rate of the raw material liquid flowing out from the outflow hole by regulating the size of the flow path.

  According to this, a 1st member regulates the flow volume of the raw material liquid flowed out from the said nozzle by restrict | limiting the magnitude | size of the flow path through which a raw material liquid flows toward the nozzle which is a some outflow hole. For this reason, by restrict | limiting the magnitude | size of the said flow path with a 1st member, it can change to the nozzle from which the raw material liquid of the flow volume according to the kind of raw material liquid flows out easily.

  Preferably, the first member includes a groove portion that is open at both ends forming the flow path, and the second member is formed in the groove portion with the both ends open so as to form the flow path. A flat-shaped closing surface portion that closes at least a portion is provided.

  According to this, the flow path through which the raw material liquid flows is formed by the groove portion of the first member and the closed surface portion of the second member. For this reason, the size of the flow path can be adjusted by replacing the first member having a different depth, width, or number of grooves according to the type of the raw material liquid, and the type of the raw material liquid can be easily changed. It is possible to change to a corresponding nozzle.

  The first member may include an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the size of the flow path.

  According to this, the first member includes an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the size of the flow path through which the raw material liquid flows. For this reason, by adjusting the size of the flow path by the adjusting mechanism, it is possible to easily change the nozzle to flow out the raw material liquid having a flow rate corresponding to the type of the raw material liquid.

  Preferably, the first member includes a groove portion that is open at both ends that form the outflow hole, and the second member is formed in the state where the both ends are open so as to form the outflow hole. A closing surface portion that closes at least a part is provided. Preferably, the blocking surface portion has a planar shape.

  According to this, the nozzle which is an outflow hole is formed by the groove part of the first member and the closed surface part of the second member. For this reason, the size of the nozzle can be adjusted by easily replacing the first member having a different depth, width, or number of grooves according to the type of the raw material liquid. The nozzle can be changed.

  Preferably, the first member adjusts the flow rate of the raw material liquid flowing out from all outflow holes provided in the outflow body.

  According to this, a 1st member adjusts the flow volume of the raw material liquid flowed out from all the outflow holes with which an outflow body is provided. Thereby, the flow rate of the raw material liquid flowing out from all the outflow holes can be adjusted with one first member, and the nozzle can be easily changed to the type of the raw material liquid.

  Preferably, the battery pack further includes a charging unit that is connected to the second member and applies ground or a predetermined voltage.

  According to this, the charging unit is connected to the second member and applies a ground or a predetermined voltage. Here, the first member is replaced or adjusted in position to adjust the flow rate of the raw material liquid flowing out from the nozzle, but the second member is fixed without being replaced or adjusted in position. It is a member. For this reason, since the charging unit is connected to the second member instead of the first member, the flow rate of the raw material liquid can be adjusted by the first member without disconnecting the charging unit. The nozzle can be changed according to the type of liquid.

  In order to achieve the above object, a nanofiber manufacturing method according to the present invention is a nanofiber manufacturing method for manufacturing nanofibers by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in a space. An adjusting step of adjusting a flow rate of the raw material liquid flowing out from the plurality of outflow holes of the outflow body having a plurality of outflow holes to be flown into.

  According to this, the flow rate of the raw material liquid flowing out from the nozzle which is the outflow hole is adjusted. In other words, the flow rate of the raw material liquid flowing out from the nozzle is adjusted without changing a large amount of nozzles or replacing the entire outflow body (multi-nozzle or rotating container). It is changed to the nozzle from which the raw material liquid flows out. For this reason, it can change to the nozzle according to the kind of raw material liquid easily.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus which can be easily changed into the nozzle according to the kind of raw material liquid can be comprised.

1 is a perspective view showing a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the detailed structure of the outflow body which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the detailed structure of the outflow body which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of an effluent according to a modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of an effluent according to a modification of the first embodiment. FIG. It is a figure which shows the detailed structure of the outflow body which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows the detailed structure of the outflow body which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a figure explaining adjusting the flow volume of the raw material liquid which flows out from an outflow hole by the 1st member which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a figure explaining adjusting the flow volume of the raw material liquid which flows out from an outflow hole by the 1st member which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the outflow body from which the shape which concerns on Embodiment 2 differs. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the outflow body from which the shape which concerns on Embodiment 2 differs.

  Hereinafter, a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus and a nanofiber manufacturing method according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  The nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 is an apparatus that manufactures nanofibers by electrically stretching the raw material liquid 300 in a space. As shown in the figure, the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 includes an outflow body 110, a collecting means 121, a roll 122, a support body 123, a supply tube 130, and a charging unit 140.

  The outflow body 110 is a member for causing the raw material liquid 300 to flow out into the space by the pressure of the raw material liquid 300 (which may include gravity). In the case of the present embodiment, the effluent body 110 causes the raw material liquid 300 to flow out into the space from nine openings 115 arranged one-dimensionally at predetermined intervals. Note that the opening 115 is not limited to nine places, and may be any number. A detailed configuration of the outflow body 110 will be described later.

  The collecting means 121 is a member that deposits and collects nanofibers manufactured by an electrostatic stretching phenomenon, and is supplied in a state of being wound around a roll 122. In the case of the present embodiment, the collecting means 121 is a tungsten sheet which is a member forming a capacitor which is an electronic device, but the collecting means 121 is not limited to this.

  Moreover, the outflow body 110 is reciprocated in a direction (Y-axis direction shown in the drawing) perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the openings 115 by a drive mechanism (not shown). The collecting means 121 is wound up by the roll 122 in a direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the outflow body 110 openings 115 (X-axis direction shown in the figure).

  Note that it is only necessary that the effluent body 110 moves relative to the collecting means 121. For example, one of the effluent body 110 and the collecting means 121 may be stationary and the other may be moved. Further, the effluent body 110 may be placed stationary so that the direction in which the openings 115 of the effluent body 110 are aligned is perpendicular to the feeding direction of the collecting means 121.

  The support 123 is a member that is disposed at a predetermined interval from the outflow body 110 and supports the collecting means 121. The support 123 is a conductive member and is grounded in the present embodiment, but a negative voltage may be applied. For this reason, since a grounding or negative voltage is applied to the collecting means 121 via the support 123, it is possible to induce charges in the effluent 110 and attract the generated nanofibers.

  The charging unit 140 is connected to the outflow body 110 and is a power source that can apply a high voltage to the outflow body 110. The charging unit 140 is generally preferably a DC power source. In addition, when the charging unit 140 is a DC power source, it is preferable that the voltage applied by the charging unit 140 to the outflow body 110 is set from a value in the range of 5 KV or more and 50 KV or less.

  Note that a charge may be applied to the raw material liquid 300 by connecting a power source to the support 123 to maintain the support 123 at a high voltage and grounding the effluent 110 by the charging unit 140. Further, the connection state may be such that neither the support body 123 nor the outflow body 110 is grounded.

  The supply tube 130 is a guide tube that guides the raw material liquid 300 to the outflow body 110. Specifically, the raw material liquid 300 is sent to the supply tube 130 by a pump (not shown) that conveys the raw material liquid 300 at a predetermined pressure from a container (not shown) that stores a large amount of the raw material liquid 300.

  Next, a detailed configuration of the effluent body 110 according to the first embodiment will be described.

  2A and 2B are diagrams showing a detailed configuration of the effluent body 110 according to the first embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of the effusing body 110, and FIG. 2B is a perspective view showing an appearance of the first member 111 included in the effusing body 110.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the outflow body 110 includes a first member 111, a second member 112, and a lid 116. The second member 112 includes a plurality of outflow holes 114 corresponding to the plurality of openings 115.

  The first member 111 is a member that adjusts the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 that flows out from the outflow hole 114. That is, the first member 111 regulates the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 flowing out from the outflow hole 114 by regulating the size of the flow path 113 formed by the second member 112.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2B, the first member 111 includes a groove portion 111 a that opens at both ends forming the flow path 113. Here, the groove 111 a is formed so that the cross-sectional area of the flow path 113 formed by the groove 111 a is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the hole formed by the outflow hole 114.

  The size of the cross-sectional area of the flow path 113 is not limited. For example, when the length of the flow path 113 is longer than the length of the outflow hole 114 and the raw material liquid 300 has a high viscosity, The cross-sectional area of the channel 113 may be larger than the cross-sectional area of the hole formed by the outflow hole 114. When the length of the flow path 113 is longer than the length of the outflow hole 114 and the raw material liquid 300 has a high viscosity, pressure loss occurs due to the resistance of the flow path 113, This is because even if the cross-sectional area is larger than the cross-sectional area of the outflow hole 114, the flow rate may be the same as if the cross-sectional area of the flow path 113 is small.

  The first member 111 includes three groove portions 111a. Here, the position of the groove 111a is not limited, but in order to equalize the flow rate of each of the plurality of outflow holes 114, the position of the groove 111a coincides with or does not coincide with the position of the outflow holes 114. It is preferable that the distance between the hole 114 and the nearest groove portion 111a is uniform in each outflow hole 114.

  In addition, in the same figure, although the 1st member 111 is provided with the three groove parts 111a, the number of the groove parts 111a is not limited to three. Further, the number and length of the first members 111 (the length in the X-axis direction shown in FIG. 1) are not limited, and one first member 111 is provided so as to match the length of the second member 112. It may be arranged, and a plurality of first members 111 may be arranged.

  That is, the 1st member 111 is one or more, and adjusts the flow volume of the raw material liquid 300 which flows out from all the outflow holes 114 with which the outflow body 110 is provided. The first member 111 may adjust the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 that flows out from some of the outflow holes 114 instead of all of the outflow holes 114.

  The second member 112 is a V-shaped member in which a space is formed inward. Then, the first member 111 is disposed inside the second member 112, whereby a flow path 113 through which the raw material liquid 300 flows toward the plurality of outflow holes 114 is formed inside the second member 112. The

  Specifically, the second member 112 includes an inner side surface portion 112a that is a planar closed surface portion that closes at least a part of the groove portion 111a in a state where both ends of the groove portion 111a are open so as to form the flow path 113. .

  That is, the opening of the groove 111a is closed by the inner side surface 112a, whereby the flow path 113 is formed, and the raw material liquid 300 stored inside the second member 112 flows through the flow path 113 and the outflow hole 114. Spilled from.

  The outflow hole 114 is a cylindrical hole through which the raw material liquid 300 flows out into the space. In addition, the hole length and hole diameter of the outflow hole 114 are not particularly limited, and a shape suitable for the viscosity of the raw material liquid 300 may be selected. Specifically, the hole length is preferably selected from a range of 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less. The hole diameter is preferably selected from a range of 0.1 mm or more and 2 mm or less. Further, the shape of the outflow hole 114 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and an arbitrary shape can be selected. In particular, the shape of the opening 115 is not limited to a circle, and may be a polygon such as a triangle or a quadrangle, or a shape having a protruding portion such as a star.

  Note that the charging unit 140 shown in FIG. 1 is connected to the second member 112. The charging unit 140 may be connected to the conductive lid 116. In this case, the charging unit 140 is connected to the second member 112 via the lid 116. Since the lid 116 is not a member for adjusting the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 like the first member 111, if the lid 116 is regarded as one member included in the second member 112, the second member 112 is charged. It can be said that the unit 140 is connected.

  The lid 116 is a conductive plate that closes the upper opening of the second member 112. Specifically, the lid 116 presses the first member 111 against the second member 112 so that the flow path 113 is formed, and the both side surfaces of the first member 111 abut against the inner surface of the second member 112. Let The lid 116 is not limited to a conductive plate, and may be a non-conductive plate-shaped lid.

  Here, the effusing body 110 also functions as an electrode for supplying electric charge to the flowing raw material liquid 300, and at least a part of the portion in contact with the raw material liquid 300 is formed of a conductive member. In the case of the present embodiment, the surfaces of the first member 111, the second member 112, and the lid 116 are made of metal. In addition, if the kind of metal is provided with electroconductivity, it will not specifically limit, Arbitrary materials, such as brass and stainless steel, can be selected.

  As described above, in the outflow body 110, the opening 115 which is the tip of the outflow hole 114 is arranged in a one-dimensional manner at a predetermined interval, and the mutual distance increases as the distance from the tip is increased. And is a V-shaped member having two side portions extending from the tip portion so as to sandwich the outflow hole 114. Note that the openings 115 are not limited to being arranged one-dimensionally at the tip, and may be arranged in a staggered manner at the tip.

  Next, a nanofiber manufacturing method using the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 configured as described above will be described.

  First, the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 flowing out from the outflow hole 114 of the outflow body 110 is adjusted (adjustment process). Specifically, the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 flowing out from the outflow hole 114 is adjusted by disposing the first member 111 corresponding to the type of the raw material liquid 300 inside the second member 112.

  That is, according to the viscosity of the raw material liquid 300, a plurality of first members 111 having different groove widths, depths, or numbers are prepared. Then, the first member 111 having groove widths, depths, and the number of groove portions 111 a corresponding to the viscosity of the raw material liquid 300 is disposed inside the second member 112.

  Then, the raw material liquid 300 is supplied from the supply tube 130 to the outflow body 110 (supply process), and the raw material liquid 300 is charged by the charging unit 140 (charging process), and charged from the opening 115 of the outflow body 110. Flows out (outflow process).

  Next, an electrostatic stretching phenomenon acts on the raw material liquid 300 that has flew in the space to some extent, whereby nanofibers are manufactured (nanofiber manufacturing process). Then, nanofibers are deposited and collected on the collecting means 121 (collecting step).

  According to the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment described above, the outflow body 110 includes the first member 111 that adjusts the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 that flows out from the outflow hole 114. That is, the raw material liquid 300 having a flow rate corresponding to the type of the raw material liquid 300 is obtained by one or a plurality of first members 111 without replacing a large amount of nozzles that flow out the raw material liquid 300 or replacing the entire outflow body 110. It can change into the outflow body 110 discharged.

  The first member 111 regulates the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 flowing out from the outflow holes 114 by regulating the size of the flow path 113 through which the raw material liquid 300 flows toward the plurality of outflow holes 114. For this reason, by restrict | limiting the magnitude | size of the flow path 113 by the 1st member 111, it can change to the outflow body 110 from which the raw material liquid 300 of the flow volume according to the kind of the raw material liquid 300 flows out easily.

  In addition, a channel 113 through which the raw material liquid 300 flows is formed by the groove 111 a of the first member 111 and the inner side surface 112 a of the second member 112. For this reason, the magnitude | size of the flow path 113 can be adjusted by replacing | exchanging the 1st member 111 from which the depth, width | variety, or number of the groove parts 111a differs according to the kind of raw material liquid 300. FIG.

  The charging unit 140 is connected to the second member 112 and applies ground or a predetermined voltage. Here, the first member 111 is exchanged to adjust the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300, but the second member 112 is a fixed member that is not exchanged. For this reason, since the charging unit 140 is connected to the second member 112 instead of the first member 111, the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 can be adjusted by the first member 111 without disconnecting the charging unit 140. it can.

  By the above, it can change to the outflow body 110 which is a nozzle according to the kind of the raw material liquid 300 easily.

  Moreover, since the change of the viscosity of the raw material liquid 300 can be dealt with by exchanging the first member 111, the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 may have a simple configuration. For this reason, the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 can be manufactured at low cost, and the setup time concerning manufacture of a nanofiber can be shortened.

  In addition, the first member 111 can be manufactured at low cost because the depth, width, or number of the groove portions 111a may be manufactured in accordance with the viscosity of the raw material liquid 300.

  Furthermore, when cleaning the first member 111, it is only necessary to clean the groove 111a, so that cleaning can be performed easily.

(Modification of Embodiment 1)
In the first embodiment, the first member 111 includes the groove 111a and is fixed to the second member 112 to form the flow path 113. However, in this modification, the flow path 113 is formed by adjusting the position of the first member by the adjusting mechanism.

  3A and 3B are diagrams showing a detailed configuration of the outflow body 150 according to the present modification. Specifically, FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the effusing body 150, and FIG. 3B is a perspective view showing the appearance of the first member 151 provided in the effusing body 150.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the outflow body 150 includes a first member 151, a second member 112, and a lid 116. Since the second member 112 and the lid 116 are the same as the second member 112 and the lid 116 in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The first member 151 is a member that adjusts the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 that flows out from the outflow hole 114. Specifically, the first member 151 includes an adjustment mechanism 152 that adjusts the size of the flow path 113 formed by the second member 112.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 3B, the first member 151 includes a planar outer surface portion 151 a, and the outer surface surface 151 a and the inner surface portion 112 a of the second member 112 form a flow path 113. The first member 151 changes the size of the flow path 113 by sliding while contacting the second member 112 by the adjusting mechanism 152.

  The number and length of the first members 151 (the length in the X-axis direction shown in FIG. 1) are not limited, and one first member 151 is provided to match the length of the second member 112. It may be arranged, and a plurality of first members 151 may be arranged.

  As described above, the first member 151 includes the adjusting mechanism 152 that adjusts the size of the flow path 113 through which the raw material liquid 300 flows. For this reason, by adjusting the size of the flow path 113 by the adjusting mechanism 152, it is possible to easily change to the effluent 150 from which the raw material liquid 300 having a flow rate corresponding to the type of the raw material liquid 300 flows out.

(Embodiment 2)
In the first embodiment and the modification thereof, the second member 112 of the outflow body 110 includes the outflow hole 114. However, in the second embodiment, the outflow body is divided into the first member and the second member, and the first member and the second member form an outflow hole 213 as a flow path.

  4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating a detailed configuration of the effluent body 210 according to the second embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the outflow body 210, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view when the outflow body 210 is cut in the longitudinal direction at the position of the outflow hole 213.

  As shown in these drawings, the outflow body 210 includes a first member 211, a second member 212, a packing 217, and a lid 216. That is, the outflow body 210 is configured by connecting the first member 211, the second member 212, and the lid 216 via the packing 217.

  Moreover, the outflow body 210 includes a plurality of outflow holes 213 in a state where the first member 211 and the second member 212 are connected. In addition, the charging unit 140 is connected to the second member 212. Note that the lid 216 and the charging unit 140 are the same as the lid 116 and the charging unit 140 in Embodiment 1, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted. The outflow hole 213 is the same as the outflow hole 114 in Embodiment 1 except that the outflow hole 213 is formed by connecting the first member 211 and the second member 212, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted. .

  The first member 211 is a member that is provided at the rear part of the outflow body 210 and adjusts the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 that flows out from the outflow hole 213. Specifically, the first member 211 includes a groove 211 a that forms the outflow hole 213.

  The groove portion 211 a is a groove portion that is open at both upper and lower ends and has a semicircular cross section, and a plurality of groove portions 211 a are provided corresponding to the plurality of outflow holes 213. The cross-sectional shape of the groove 211a is not limited to a semicircular shape, and may be a polygon such as a triangle or a quadrangle.

  The second member 212 is a member that is provided at the front portion of the outflow body 210 and closes the groove portion 211 a of the first member 211. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4B, the second member 212 has a planar obstruction that obstructs at least a part of the groove 211 a with both the upper and lower ends of the groove 211 a being opened so as to form an outflow hole 213. A surface portion 212a is provided.

  That is, the outflow hole 213 that is the flow path of the raw material liquid 300 is formed by the groove 211 a included in the first member 211 and the flat closing surface 212 a included in the second member 212.

  5A and 5B are diagrams for explaining the adjustment of the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 flowing out from the outflow hole by the first member according to the second embodiment.

  The outflow body according to the second embodiment includes a plurality of first members having different outflow hole sizes, numbers, or arrangement intervals in accordance with the type of the raw material liquid 300 in a replaceable manner. For example, when the type of the raw material liquid 300 is changed from a raw material liquid having a high viscosity to a raw material liquid having a low viscosity, as shown in FIG. 5A, the first member 211 includes a first groove portion 221a that is smaller than the groove portion 211a. The member 221 is changed.

  In this way, as shown in FIG. 5B, the outflow body 210 provided with the first member 211 is changed to the outflow body 220 provided with the first member 221 corresponding to the raw material liquid 300 having a low viscosity. That is, the closing surface portion 212a of the second member 212 and the groove portion 221a of the first member 221 form an outflow hole 223 smaller than the outflow hole 213, and the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 flowing out from the outflow hole is adjusted. .

  The shape of the cross section of the outflow body 210 is not limited to the V shape, and if the outflow hole 213 can be formed by the first member 211 and the second member 212, the shape of the outflow body 210 is Any shape is acceptable.

  6A and 6B are cross-sectional views showing a configuration of an effluent body having a different shape according to the second embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the outflow body 230 includes a first member 231, a second member 232, a packing 217, and a lid 216, and the cross-sectional shape is a quadrangle (box shape). The first member 231 includes a groove portion 231a, the second member 232 includes a flat closing surface portion 232a, and the outflow hole 233 is formed by the groove portion 231a and the closing surface portion 232a.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6B, the outflow body 230 includes a plurality of first members 231 having different sizes, numbers, or arrangement intervals of the outflow holes 233 according to the type of the raw material liquid 300, in an exchangeable manner. The flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 flowing out from the outflow hole 233 can be adjusted.

  According to the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment described above, the outflow hole 213 is formed by the groove portion 211a of the first member 211 and the blocking surface portion 212a of the second member 212. For this reason, the size of the outflow hole 213 can be adjusted by replacing the first member 211 having a different depth, width, or number of the grooves 211a according to the type of the raw material liquid 300, and the raw material liquid can be easily obtained. It can change into the effluent 210 according to the kind of 300.

  The charging unit 140 is connected to the fixed second member 212 instead of the first member 211 to be replaced. Thereby, since the flow rate of the raw material liquid 300 can be adjusted by the first member 211 without disconnecting the charging unit 140, it can be easily changed to the outflow body 210 corresponding to the type of the raw material liquid 300. .

  In addition, the first member 211 has a simple configuration, and the effluent 210 only needs to be replaced with the first member 211. Therefore, the first member 211 can be manufactured at a low cost, and the setup time for manufacturing the nanofiber can be shortened. Can do. Furthermore, when cleaning the first member 211, it is only necessary to clean the groove 211a, so that the cleaning can be easily performed.

  Here, the resin constituting the nanofiber, which is dissolved or dispersed in the raw material liquid 300, is polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, poly-m. -Phenylene terephthalate, poly-p-phenylene isophthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride-acrylate copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylonitrile-methacrylate copolymer , Polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyester carbonate, polyamide, aramid, polyimide, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, cola Gen, polyhydroxybutyric acid, polyvinyl acetate, polypeptides and the like, and polymeric materials such as copolymers thereof can be exemplified. Moreover, the kind selected from the above may be used, and a plurality of kinds may be mixed. In addition, the above is an illustration and this invention is not limited to the said resin.

  Examples of the solvent used for the raw material liquid 300 include volatile organic solvents. Specific examples are methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, tetraethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dibenzyl alcohol, 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-dioxane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl. Ketone, methyl-n-hexyl ketone, methyl-n-propyl ketone, diisopropyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, acetone, hexafluoroacetone, phenol, formic acid, methyl formate, ethyl formate, propyl formate, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, benzoate Propyl acid, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dipropyl phthalate, methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, methylene chloride, chloroform, o-chloroto Ene, p-chlorotoluene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethane, dichloropropane, dibromoethane, dibromopropane, methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, propyl bromide, acetic acid, Benzene, toluene, hexane, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, cyclopentane, o-xylene, p-xylene, m-xylene, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide, pyridine, water Etc. can be listed. Moreover, the kind selected from the above may be used, and a plurality of kinds may be mixed. In addition, the above is an illustration and the raw material liquid 300 used for this invention is not limited to employ | adopting the said solvent.

Furthermore, an inorganic solid material may be added to the raw material liquid 300. Examples of the inorganic solid material include oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, silicides, fluorides, sulfides, etc., but oxidation is performed from the viewpoint of heat resistance and workability of the manufactured nanofibers. It is preferable to use a product. Examples of the oxide include Al ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ , TiO ₂ , Li ₂ O, Na ₂ O, MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, B ₂ O ₃ , P ₂ O ₅ , SnO ₂ , ZrO ₂ , K. ₂ O, Cs ₂ O, ZnO, Sb ₂ O ₃ , As ₂ O ₃ , CeO ₂ , V ₂ O ₅ , Cr ₂ O ₃ , MnO, Fe ₂ O ₃ , CoO, NiO, Y ₂ O ₃ , Lu ₂ Examples thereof include O ₃ , Yb ₂ O ₃ , HfO ₂ , Nb ₂ O _{5 and the} like. Moreover, the kind selected from the above may be used, and a plurality of kinds may be mixed. In addition, the above is an illustration and the substance added to the raw material liquid 300 of this invention is not limited to the said additive.

  The mixing ratio of the solvent and the solute in the raw material liquid 300 varies depending on the type of solvent selected and the type of solute, but the amount of solvent is preferably between about 60 wt% and 98 wt%. The solute is preferably 5 to 30% by weight.

  As described above, the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention has been described using the above-described embodiment and modifications, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  That is, the embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  In addition, the constituent elements in the plurality of embodiments and modifications may be arbitrarily combined without departing from the spirit of the invention.

  For example, in Embodiment 1 and its modification, the outflow bodies 110 and 150 are V-shaped members. However, the shape of the outflow bodies 110 and 150 is not limited, and the outflow bodies 110 and 150 may be box-shaped members as shown in FIG. 6A in the second embodiment.

  The present invention can be used for producing nanofibers, spinning using nanofibers, and producing nonwoven fabrics.

100 Nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 110, 150, 210, 220, 230 Outflow body 111, 151, 211, 221, 231 First member 111a Groove portion 112, 212, 232 Second member 112a Inner side surface 113 Flow path 114, 213, 223, 233 Outflow hole 115 Opening part 116, 216 Lid 121 Collecting means 122 Roll 123 Support body 130 Supply tube 140 Charging part 151a Outer side part 152 Adjustment mechanism 211a, 221a, 231a Groove part 212a, 232a Closure surface part 217 Packing 300 Raw material liquid

Claims (2)

A nanofiber manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing nanofibers by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in a space,
An outflow body having a plurality of outflow holes for allowing the raw material liquid to flow out into the space,
The effluent is
A first member for adjusting the flow rate of the raw material liquid flowing out from the outflow holes by regulating the size of the flow path through which the raw material liquid flows toward the plurality of outflow holes ;
A second member having the plurality of outflow holes and having the flow path formed inward ;
The first member includes a groove that is open at both ends forming the flow path,
The said 2nd member is a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus provided with the planar-shaped obstruction | occlusion surface part which obstruct | occludes at least one part of the said groove part in the state which the said both ends opened so that the said flow path might be formed . A nanofiber manufacturing method for manufacturing a nanofiber by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in a space,
An adjustment step of adjusting the flow rate of the raw material liquid flowing out raw material liquid from said plurality of outlet holes of the outlet body having a plurality of outlet holes to flow out to the space seen including,
In the adjusting step, the first member having a groove portion having both ends opened to form a flow path through which the raw material liquid flows toward the plurality of outflow holes is provided, and the flow path is inwardly provided with the plurality of outflow holes. A second member to be formed, which is disposed on the inner side of the second member provided with a planar closed surface portion which closes at least a part of the groove portion with both ends opened so as to form the flow path. Then, the nanofiber manufacturing method of adjusting the flow rate of the raw material liquid flowing out from the outflow hole by regulating the size of the flow path by the first member .

Images