JP5356902B2 - Split raceway and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a divided bearing ring, a divided bearing using the divided bearing ring, a bearing device using the divided bearing and a manufacturing method of the divided bearing ring for preventing dislocation movement in the radial direction of mutual bearing ring half bodies, in the divided bearing ring divided in the axial direction while making the most use of an advantage of dividing by natural division. <P>SOLUTION: The divided bearing ring is constituted so that respective dividing surfaces 12a and 12b have predetermined inclinations &alpha; to with respect to a dividing reference line 16 passing through inner diameter side end points 15a and 15b of the dividing surfaces 12a and 12b of two places in a cross section in the radial direction of the divided bearing ring. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a bearing bearing ring, a split bearing using the split bearing ring, a split bearing device using the split bearing, and a method of manufacturing the split bearing ring, for example, supporting a crankshaft of an engine or the like. Applicable to needle bearings and the like.

  Needle bearings have a high load capacity and high rigidity for a small bearing projection area, and have a characteristic that they have a low friction and function with a small amount of lubricating oil as compared with a sliding bearing. Focusing on this point, proposals for using a needle bearing as a journal bearing such as a crankshaft have been made early (see Patent Document 1). In this case, a split-type needle bearing is used so that the needle bearing can be easily assembled even if there is a crank arm or the like protruding in the radial direction.

  In the camshaft and balance shaft, a needle bearing can be used as the journal bearing. In this case, the camshaft has cams at both ends of the journal and the balance shaft has balance weights at both ends of the journal. A split needle bearing is used for ease.

  In order to prevent the split needle bearings from moving in the radial direction and the axial direction between the race ring halves, the split surface is a curved surface when viewed in either the radial direction or the axial direction. It forms (refer FIG. 4 of patent document 1).

  On the other hand, in consideration of processing efficiency, processing cost, etc. when processing the split surface as described above, a notch serving as a split starting point is formed in advance at a centrally symmetric position of the cylindrical raceway ring material, and the notch portion There is also known a manufacturing method by so-called natural splitting, in which a striking is applied from the outer diameter direction to divide the material (see Patent Document 2).

  Furthermore, there is also known a method of naturally dividing the divided surface into a curved surface in the axial direction by forming an axial V-shaped groove in a curved shape on the outer diameter surface continuously with the notch ( (See Patent Document 3).

U.S. Pat. No. 1,192,488 and drawings Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-16851 Japanese Patent No. 2606878

  The split method by natural split is simple, high in production efficiency, and low in cost. However, in both cases of Patent Documents 2 and 3, the split surfaces are on the same plane when viewed in the radial direction. Therefore, when a radial couple acts on the raceway halves, they may shift in the radial direction. When such a displacement movement occurs, a step is generated between the divided surfaces, which causes a problem of causing vibration and noise.

  The above-mentioned problem can be prevented by forming on the bent surface so that it does not exist in the same plane when the dividing surface is viewed in the radial direction, as disclosed in Patent Document 1. However, in this case, the split method using natural splitting cannot be used, and machining such as turning is required, which has a large effect on production efficiency and production cost.

  Therefore, the present invention makes use of the advantage of splitting by natural splitting, while being able to prevent radial displacement, a split bearing using the split bearing ring, a bearing device using the split bearing, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a split race ring.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention relating to the split raceway forms two raceway half halves by dividing a cylindrical raceway ring material axially at two split surfaces, and the raceway ring In a split race ring formed by combining half halves into a cylindrical shape at the split plane, each split plane has a predetermined inclination with respect to a split reference line passing through an inner diameter side end point of the split plane in a radial section of the race ring material. It has a configuration with corners.

  In the split raceway having the above-described configuration, the two split surfaces are inclined with respect to the split reference line, so that even if a couple acts in the direction of the split reference line, each of the race ring halves has both split planes. Since the two are engaged with each other, the shift movement of the raceway half halves is prevented.

  The inclination angle may be any of a case where the phase is advanced in phase with respect to the division reference line (that is, a case where the inclination angle is advanced), and a case where the inclination angle is delayed (ie, where the inclination angle is delayed). It is more effective when either one has the leading tilt angle and the other has the delayed tilt angle.

  The above-described divided raceway can be generally used as a raceway for a split bearing, and can be used for a bearing device such as a crankshaft, for example.

  The above-described method of manufacturing a split race ring is characterized in that a step of forming a V-shaped groove serving as a split starting point on the inner diameter surface and a step of adding a natural split to each of the split points are performed.

  Specifically, first and second V-shaped grooves reaching both ends in the axial direction are formed in advance at two locations on the inner diameter surface of the cylindrical raceway ring material, and the first V-shaped groove and the second V-shaped groove are respectively formed. A first striking position and a second striking position are set on the outer diameter surface at a position deviated by a predetermined angle in a constant circumferential direction, and a part of the raceway ring material including the first V-shaped groove and the first striking position is fixed on a fixed base. The bearing ring material is exposed and fixed, and a striking jig disposed on the outer diameter line of the first striking position applies a striking to the first striking position, and spans between the first striking position and the first V-shaped groove. A first split surface is formed, and then the fixing posture of the cylindrical raceway ring material is changed, and a part of the raceway ring material including the second V-shaped groove and the second striking position is exposed and fixed. , Hitting the second hitting position by a hitting jig arranged on the outer diameter line of the second hitting position, Second hitting position of the is obtained so as to form a second divided surface over between the 2V type groove.

  In the radial cross section of the bearing ring material, the first and second divided surfaces are viewed in the same circumferential direction, with the radial line passing through the points on the groove bottoms of the first and second V-shaped grooves as a division reference line. In this case, both of the inclination angles with respect to the division reference line can be selected so that both are the advance inclination angle or the delay inclination angle, or either one is the advance inclination angle and the other is the delay inclination angle. The case where either one is the leading inclination angle and the other is the delaying inclination angle is more effective than the case where both are the leading inclination angle or the delaying inclination angle.

  As described above, in the split raceway according to the present invention, as a result of the two split surfaces being inclined with respect to the split reference line, the split surfaces do not exist in the same plane when viewed in the radial direction. . For this reason, the shift | offset | difference movement to the radial direction of a raceway half body can be prevented.

  Further, by forming the dividing surface so as to be a curved surface in the axial direction, it is possible to prevent a shift movement in the axial direction.

  Furthermore, according to the method for manufacturing a split race ring according to the present invention, split race rings having two predetermined split angles with respect to a split reference line can be manufactured by natural splitting.

(A) is an end elevation of the split raceway ring of the first embodiment, (b) is a partially enlarged view of FIG. These are sectional drawings of the XX line of Drawing 1 (a). (A) is an end view showing another example of the split raceway of the first embodiment, and (b) is an end view showing another example of the split raceway of the first embodiment. These are sectional drawings in the use condition of a 2nd embodiment. (A) is sectional drawing of the manufacturing process of 3rd Embodiment, (b) is sectional drawing of the bb line | wire of (a) figure. These are sectional drawings of the YY line of Drawing 5 (a). These are sectional drawings of the other manufacturing process of 3rd Embodiment. These are sectional drawings of the other manufacturing process of 3rd Embodiment. These are sectional drawings of the completion state of manufacture of a 3rd embodiment. These are sectional drawings of the modification of the manufacturing process of 3rd Embodiment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[First embodiment]
The divided raceway ring 11 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has two raceway half bodies formed by dividing a cylindrical raceway ring material in the axial direction by so-called natural splitting, that is, the first raceway ring. The half body 13a and the second race ring half body 13b are combined in a cylindrical shape at two divided surfaces, that is, the first divided surface 12a and the second divided surface 12b. The material of the raceway ring material is metal.

  In the combined state, the first V-shaped groove 14 a and the second V-shaped groove 14 b that are opened in the inner diameter direction are formed at positions opposed to the inner diameter surface of the divided raceway ring 11. When the divided raceway ring 11 is viewed on its end face (generally in a radial cross section), the divided surfaces 12a and 12b appear as lines, and the groove bottoms of the V-shaped grooves 14a and 14b appear as dots. The first inner diameter side end point 15a and the second inner diameter side end point 15b of the dividing surfaces 12a and 12b appearing as lines are points that coincide with the points of the groove bottoms of the V-shaped grooves 14a and 14b, respectively. The starting point. In the present invention, a line passing through these inner diameter side end points 15a and 15b is referred to as a divided reference line 16.

  The groove width W (see FIG. 1B) of the V-shaped grooves 14a and 14b is selected to be 0.05 mm to 0.8 mm. If it is smaller than 0.05 mm, it may not be the starting point of the division, and if it is larger than 0.8 mm, the rolling element may fall into this groove, which may cause generation of sound and vibration. Further, the opening angle θ of each V-shaped groove 14a, 14b is selected from 30 ° to 120 °. If the angle is less than 30 °, groove processing becomes difficult, and if it is greater than 120 °, the starting point of division may not be achieved. Both V-shaped grooves 14a and 14b are provided at a position of approximately 180 °.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the first V-shaped groove 14a is formed in a curved shape across both ends of the divided raceway ring 11. Although not shown, the same applies to the second V-shaped groove 14b. As shown in the figure, the curved shape is formed in a gentle arc shape having one apex at an intermediate portion between both axial ends of the divided raceway ring 11, a dogleg shape, and an S shape. Such a curve may be used. Each of the divided surfaces 12a and 12b is formed into a curved surface including these curves in the axial direction.

  When the bearing ring 11 is viewed from the split reference line 16 in a certain circumferential direction (clockwise direction in the case of illustration) A (see FIG. 1A), the first split surface 12a is in relation to the split reference line 16. The phase is advanced by a certain inclination angle α. Such a positional relationship is referred to herein as a “leading inclination angle” and is represented by a symbol + α. The other second dividing surface 12b is at a position delayed in phase by a certain inclination angle α with respect to the dividing reference line 16, and in this case is referred to as a “delayed inclination angle” and is represented by a symbol −α.

  The absolute values of the advance inclination angle + α and the delay inclination angle −α are not necessarily the same, and may be different. The magnitude α is set to 5 ° to 40 °. If the angle is less than 5 °, the sliding movement of the race ring halves 13a and 13b cannot be surely prevented. If the angle is greater than 40 °, division with a predetermined inclination angle may not be possible due to natural splitting. .

  Even if a couple in the direction of the division reference line 16 acts on the pair of raceway ring halves 13a and 13b because the dividing surfaces 12a and 12b have the advance inclination angle + α and the delay inclination angle −α as described above, Since the opposing surfaces of both the divided surfaces 12a and 12b are engaged with each other, the displacement in the radial direction is prevented.

  When an axial couple acts, the split surfaces 12a and 12b are formed with curved surfaces including the V-shaped grooves 14a and 14b, so that each of the race ring halves 13a and 13b moves in the axial direction. Is prevented.

  When an axial couple acts, the split surfaces 12a and 12b are formed with curved surfaces including the V-shaped grooves 14a and 14b, so that each of the race ring halves 13a and 13b moves in the axial direction. Is prevented.

  It should be noted that the magnitudes of the absolute values of both inclination angles + α and −α need not be the same, and may be different. This is the same in the case of the modification described below (FIGS. 3A and 3B).

  This is one of the modifications shown in FIG. 3A, in which both the dividing surfaces 12a and 12b are set to have a delayed inclination angle −α. In this case as well, it is possible to prevent the movement of each of the race ring halves 13a and 13b with respect to the couple in the direction of the division reference line 16.

  FIG. 3B shows another modification. In this case, each of the divided surfaces 12a and 12b has a leading inclination angle + α. Also in this case, it is possible to prevent the shift movement as described above.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment will be described based on FIG. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the split needle bearing 22 is used as a bearing device for the crankshaft 23. The outer race 21 of the needle bearing 22 uses the divided raceway described in the first embodiment. The needle bearing 22 is attached to the journal portion 24 between the left and right crank arms 27, 27 and is fixed to the casing 31.

  In the figure, 25 is a needle roller, 26 is its retainer, 28 is a counterweight, 29 is a crankpin, and 32 is a connecting rod bearing.

  When the split needle bearing 22 is incorporated into the journal 24, the outer ring 21 and the cage 25 are divided, so that even if there are crank arms 27 or the like on both sides, they can be easily assembled.

  The split needle bearing 22 as described above can also be used in a bearing device such as a cam shaft or a balance shaft. Furthermore, the split raceway according to the first embodiment is not limited to a needle bearing, and can be used as a raceway for a general bearing.

[Third embodiment]
Next, as a third embodiment, a method for manufacturing a split race ring according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 9, as shown in the first embodiment, the divided raceway ring 11 (FIG. 5) in which the first divided surface 12a has an advanced inclination angle + α and the second divided surface 12b has a delayed inclination angle −α. 1 (a)). FIG. 10 shows a manufacturing method of the divided raceway ring 11 (see FIG. 3B) in which both the first divided surface 12a and the second divided surface 12b are advanced and have an inclination angle + α.

  First, as shown in FIG. 5A, the first V-shaped groove 14a and the second V-shaped groove 14b that are the starting points of the natural split are formed in advance at two opposing positions on the inner diameter surface of the cylindrical raceway ring material 36. To do. Each V-shaped groove 14a, 14b is formed of an arcuate curve that is gently curved over its entire length (see FIG. 6).

  A first inner diameter side end point 15a and a second inner diameter side end point 15b are defined at the groove bottoms of both V-shaped grooves 14a and 14b appearing in the radial cross section of the raceway ring material 36, and a line connecting them, that is, a dividing reference line 16 is defined. Pull. As shown in the figure, when the inner diameter side end points 15a and 15b are in the center symmetric position, the division reference line 16 passes through the center point O, but when the inner diameter side end points 15a and 15b are not in the center symmetric position, the center. Do not pass through point O.

  The intersection of the first angle auxiliary line 20a, which is advanced from the first inner diameter side end point 15a and drawn with the inclination angle + α, and the outer diameter surface is defined as the first striking position 17a, and the line connecting the striking position 17a and the center point O is This is referred to as a single hit reference line 18a. Similarly, the intersection of the second angle auxiliary line 20b drawn from the second inner diameter side end point 15b with a delayed inclination angle −α and the outer diameter surface is defined as the second striking position 17b, and the striking position 17b and the center point O are connected. The line is referred to as a second hit reference line 18b.

  A portion of the raceway ring material 36 including the first V-shaped groove 15a and the first striking position 17a is exposed on the fixing base 19, and fixed to the fixing base 19 so that the first striking reference line 18a is in the vertical direction (see FIG. 5 (a)). The fixed base 19 is composed of divided fixed bases 19a and 19b that are divided into two in the axial direction (see FIG. 5B), leaving a portion including the first V-shaped groove 15a and the first striking position 17a, and the race ring material 36. The most part is clamped and fixed from the axial direction and the inner and outer diameters are restricted.

  In the fixed state, the striking jig 33 installed on the first striking reference line 18a is attached to a press machine or the like, and has a straight sharp tip with a length that extends over substantially the entire length of the raceway ring material 36 at the lower end. Part 34. The sharpened portion 34 is opposed to the hitting position 17a, and a vertical downward hit is applied along the hitting reference line 18a (see the white arrow in FIG. 7), and natural splitting is performed.

  By the natural splitting, the first divided surface 12a from the striking position 17a to the inner diameter side end point 15a of the V-shaped groove 14a is formed in the radial direction and the axial direction. This dividing surface 12a has a leading inclination angle + α with respect to the dividing reference line 16 when viewed in the radial cross section of the raceway ring material 36. The split surface 12a is formed not in the direction of hitting, that is, in the direction having the inclination angle α, but in the direction of the hitting reference line 18a, because the impact load is concentrated on the groove bottom of the V-shaped groove 14a. This is because a crack occurs toward the hitting position 17a.

  After forming the first divided surface 12a in this way, the restriction of the divided fixing bases 19a and 19b is loosened, and the race ring material 36 is rotated about 180 degrees in the direction of the circumferential direction A, as shown in FIG. In addition, the second batting line 18b is kept vertical, the second batting position 17b is partially exposed, and most of the remaining portion is fixed to the fixing base 19 again.

  In the fixed state, a vertical downward striking along the striking reference line 18b is applied by the striking jig 33 (see the white arrow in FIG. 9), and natural splitting is performed. As a result of the natural splitting, as in the case described above, the second divided surface 12b extending from the striking position 17b to the inner diameter side end point 15b of the V-shaped groove 14b is formed. This dividing surface 12 b has a delayed inclination angle −α from the dividing reference line 16.

  In this way, a divided raceway having a first divided surface 12a having a leading inclination angle + α and a second dividing surface 12b having a delayed inclination angle −α is obtained (see FIG. 9).

  Further, when the divided raceway ring (see FIG. 3 (b)) having both the first divided surface 12a and the second divided surface 12b advanced and having an inclination angle + α is manufactured, the first divided surface 12a is used in the above case. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the intersection of the second angle auxiliary line 20b, which is advanced from the second inner diameter side end point 15b and drawn with the inclination angle + α, and the outer diameter surface is defined as the second striking position 17b. . The second striking reference line 18b connecting the striking position 17b and the center point O is set so as to be in the vertical position, and is fixed to the fixing base 19 in the same manner as described above.

  When natural splitting is performed in the above state (see the white arrow in FIG. 10), a second divided surface 12b having an inclination angle + α with respect to the division reference line 16 is formed. As a result, the first and second divided surfaces 12a, 12b are both advanced, and a divided raceway having an inclination angle + α is obtained.

  Note that a split raceway ring (see FIG. 3A) in which both split surfaces 12a and 12b both have a delayed inclination -α can be manufactured in the same manner.

11 Divided race ring 12a First segmented surface 12b Second segmented surface 13a First race ring half body 13b Second race ring half body 14a First V-shaped groove 14b Second V-shaped groove
15a First inner diameter side end point 15b Second inner diameter side end point 16 Split reference line 17a First hit position 17b Second hit position 18a First hit reference line 18b Second hit reference line 19 Fixed bases 19a, 19b Split fixed base 20a First Angle auxiliary line 20b Second angle auxiliary line 21 Outer ring 22 Split type needle bearing 23 Crankshaft 24 Journal part 25 Needle roller 26 Cage 27 Crank arm 28 Counterweight 29 Crank pin 31 Casing 32 Connecting rod bearing 33 Blowing tool 34 Sharpening part 36 Bearing ring material

Claims (12)

In a split raceway ring in which two raceway half halves are formed by dividing a cylindrical raceway ring material axially at two split surfaces, and the raceway half halves are combined into a cylindrical shape at the split face. The split raceway , wherein the two split surfaces are inclined with respect to the split reference line, respectively, to prevent the radial movement of the raceway half halves from each other .   When the two split surfaces are inclined in the same circumferential direction, one of the split surfaces has a leading tilt angle with respect to the split reference line, and the other split surface has a delayed tilt angle. The split raceway ring according to claim 1.   The inclination angles of the two split surfaces are either the leading tilt angle or the delayed tilt angle with respect to the split reference line when both split surfaces are viewed in the same circumferential direction. The divided raceway ring according to claim 1.   The split raceway ring according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the advance inclination angle and the delay inclination angle are set to 5 ° to 40 °.   5. A V-shaped groove is formed at an inner diameter end of each of the dividing surfaces, and an inner diameter side end point of the dividing reference line is defined at a groove bottom of the V-shaped groove. Split raceway.   6. The V-shaped groove according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the V-shaped groove is formed to have a curved shape over a whole length or partially, and the dividing surface is formed into a curved surface including the V-shaped groove. The described split raceway.   A split bearing using the split raceway according to any one of claims 1 to 6 as a raceway.   A bearing device in which the split bearing according to claim 7 is used for a support structure of any one of a crankshaft, a camshaft, and a balance shaft.   First and second V-shaped grooves that reach between both ends in the axial direction are formed in advance at two locations on the inner diameter surface of the cylindrical raceway ring material, and each of the first V-shaped groove and the second V-shaped groove extends in a certain circumferential direction. A first striking position and a second striking position are set on the outer diameter surface at a position shifted by a predetermined angle, and a part of the race ring material including the first V-shaped groove and the first striking position is exposed on the fixed base. The bearing ring material is fixed, the hitting jig is arranged on the outer diameter line of the first hitting position, the hitting tool is hit at the first hitting position, and the first divided surface extending between the first hitting position and the first V-shaped groove is formed. And then changing the fixing posture of the cylindrical raceway material, exposing and fixing a part of the raceway material including the second V-shaped groove and the second striking position on the fixed base, and The second impact is made by hitting the second hitting position with a hitting jig arranged on the outer diameter line of the position. Method of producing segmented bearing ring which forms the second divided surface over between the location and the 2V type groove.   10. The method for manufacturing a split race ring according to claim 9, wherein the V-shaped groove is formed in a curve when viewed in the axial direction.   11. The divided track according to claim 9, wherein when the raceway ring material is fixed by the fixing base, a range exceeding half thereof is fixed from an axial direction to constrain its inner and outer diameters. A manufacturing method of a ring.   In the radial cross section of the bearing ring material, the first and second divided surfaces are viewed in the same circumferential direction, with the radial line passing through the points on the groove bottoms of the first and second V-shaped grooves as a division reference line. 12. The tilt angle with respect to the division reference line in the case of both of them is a leading tilt angle or a delayed tilt angle, or one of them is a leading tilt angle and the other is a delayed tilt angle. The manufacturing method of the division | segmentation track ring of description.

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