JP5347558B2 - In-vehicle battery heating device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an in-vehicle battery heating device mounted on a vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle.

  A battery (vehicle battery) mounted on a vehicle has a low charge / discharge efficiency in a low temperature environment, and causes problems such as a deterioration in fuel consumption and a decrease in output. Therefore, conventionally, Patent Document 1 has proposed a vehicle battery heating apparatus that heats a vehicle battery using a combustion heater provided for heating the passenger compartment. That is, in this heating device, the vehicle-mounted battery is heated using the remaining heat that has not been used for heating out of the heat generated by the combustion heater.

JP-A-6-231807

  By using such a conventional warming device, the vehicle battery can be warmed up quickly even in a low temperature environment. However, such a heating device can be realized only when a combustion-type heater for heating is installed, and cannot be realized in a general vehicle in which such a combustion-type heater is not installed. . Of course, if a heater dedicated to the in-vehicle battery is installed, it is possible to raise the temperature of the in-vehicle battery early, but this leads to an increase in cost.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and a problem to be solved is to provide an in-vehicle battery heating apparatus capable of efficiently heating an in-vehicle battery.

Hereinafter, means for solving the above-described problems and the effects thereof will be described.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention described in claim 1 is a heating device for an in-vehicle battery, in which a coolant for cooling an electric device of a vehicle excluding the in-vehicle battery is circulated through the radiator. A circuit, a battery circuit in which the coolant is circulated through the in-vehicle battery, and a switching for switching between the radiator circuit and the battery circuit through which the coolant after passing through the electrical device is circulated Switching control means for controlling the switching means to circulate the cooling liquid through the battery circuit when the temperature of the cooling liquid after passing through the electric device is higher than the temperature of the in-vehicle battery; wherein the switching control means, as a further condition that it is not necessary early cooling of the electrical apparatus, controls said switching means so as to circulate the cooling fluid through the battery circuit It has as its gist that that.

  In the above-described configuration, the coolant supplied to the cooling of the vehicle electric equipment (for example, the generator, the motor, the inverter, etc.) excluding the on-vehicle battery is circulated through either the radiator circuit or the battery circuit through the control of the switching means. Become. When the temperature of the coolant after passing through the electric device is higher than the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery, the coolant is circulated through the battery circuit. At this time, the vehicle-mounted battery is supplied with a coolant heated by the waste heat of the electrical equipment, and the vehicle-mounted battery is heated by the heat. Therefore, according to the said structure, the vehicle-mounted battery can be efficiently heated now using the waste heat of the vehicle electrical equipment except a vehicle-mounted battery.

Further, in the above configuration, there is a possibility that the electric equipment may be overheated, and when early cooling is necessary, even if the temperature of the coolant after passing through the electric equipment is higher than the temperature of the in-vehicle battery, the coolant is passed through the radiator circuit. Will be circulated. Therefore, the vehicle-mounted battery can be efficiently heated while suitably avoiding overheating of the electric device.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a radiator circuit in which a coolant for cooling an electric device of a vehicle excluding an in- vehicle battery is circulated through a radiator, and a battery in which the coolant is circulated through the in-vehicle battery. A circuit, switching means for switching the circuit through which the coolant passes through the radiator circuit or the battery circuit, and the temperature of the coolant after passing through the electrical device Switching control means for controlling the switching means to circulate the coolant through the battery circuit when the temperature is higher than the temperature of the on-vehicle battery, and the switching control means includes the switching device after passing through the electric device. The gist is to control the switching means to circulate the cooling liquid through the battery circuit under the further condition that the temperature of the cooling liquid is not more than a predetermined value .

  When the temperature of the electric device is excessively increased, the temperature of the coolant after passing through the electric device also increases. Therefore, the temperature of the coolant after passing through the electrical equipment is monitored, and if the temperature is high before the electrical equipment may be overheated, even if the temperature of the coolant after passing through the electrical equipment is higher than the temperature of the vehicle battery. By circulating the coolant through the radiator circuit, it is possible to efficiently heat the vehicle-mounted battery while suitably avoiding overheating of the electrical equipment.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle battery heating apparatus according to the first or second aspect , the switching control means is further provided that the vehicle battery is not sufficiently warmed up. The gist is to control the switching means to circulate the coolant through the battery circuit.

  The in-vehicle battery cannot exhibit sufficient performance even if the temperature rises excessively. In that respect, in the above configuration, if the in-vehicle battery is sufficiently warmed up, the coolant heated by the waste heat of the electrical equipment is not supplied to the in-vehicle battery, so that overheating of the in-vehicle battery can be prevented. become.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the vehicle battery heating apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the recovery means for recovering the thermal energy of the exhaust gas from the vehicle and the warming of the exhaust purification catalyst. The gist of the present invention is to provide supply means for supplying thermal energy of the exhaust gas recovered by the recovery means to the in-vehicle battery on condition that the machine is completed.

  An exhaust purification catalyst mounted on a vehicle exhibits its exhaust purification performance by being heated to a required temperature by exhaust heat. On the other hand, in the above configuration, when the warming-up of the exhaust purification catalyst is completed, the heat energy of the exhaust gas recovered by the recovery means is supplied to the in-vehicle battery, thereby heating the in-vehicle battery. At this time, the recovery of the exhaust heat energy and the supply of the recovered heat energy to the in-vehicle battery are performed after the catalyst warm-up is completed. You will be able to warm up early.

The block diagram which shows typically the structure of the coolant circuit of the electric system of a vehicle about 1st Embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the process sequence of the circuit switching routine employ | adopted as the same embodiment. The time-sequential table of an example of the operation | movement aspect about the heating apparatus of the vehicle-mounted battery of the embodiment. The block diagram which shows typically the structure of the heating system of the vehicle-mounted battery using the thermal energy of the exhaust_gas | exhaustion about 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The flowchart which shows the process sequence of the mode selection routine of the embodiment. The block diagram which shows typically the structure about other embodiment of the heating system of the vehicle-mounted battery using the thermal energy of exhaust.

(First embodiment)
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment in which a vehicle battery heating apparatus according to the present invention is embodied will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In the present embodiment, the vehicle battery heating apparatus according to the present invention is applied to a hybrid vehicle having two drive sources of an engine and a motor.

  FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the coolant circuit of the electric system of such a hybrid vehicle. In the coolant circuit, a coolant serving as a heat transfer medium is circulated by the electric water pump 10.

  The coolant discharged from the electric water pump 10 is sent to electric equipment of the vehicle excluding the in-vehicle battery 18, specifically, the generator 11, the motor 12, and the inverter 13. A coolant temperature sensor 14 for detecting the temperature of the coolant after passing through these electrical devices (coolant temperature Tw) is installed downstream of these electrical devices. The coolant that has passed through these electric devices is sent to the electric three-way valve 15. The coolant circuit is branched into two circuits downstream of the electric three-way valve 15. One such circuit is a radiator circuit 17 provided with a radiator 16 for cooling the coolant, and the other is a battery circuit 19 that passes through an in-vehicle battery 18. The electric three-way valve 15 is a valve that is operated to select one of the radiator circuit 17 and the battery circuit 19 as a coolant destination after passing through the electric device. The coolant that has passed through the radiator circuit 17 and the battery circuit 19 is returned to the electric water pump 10 again.

  In such a coolant circuit, the operation of the electric three-way valve 15 is controlled by the electronic control unit 21. In addition to the detection signal from the coolant temperature sensor 14 described above, a detection signal from the battery temperature sensor 20 that detects the temperature of the in-vehicle battery 18 (battery temperature Tb) is input to the electronic control unit 21. Then, the electronic control unit 21 controls the electric three-way valve 15 based on the detection results of the coolant temperature sensor 14 and the battery temperature sensor 20, and selects whether the coolant flows through the radiator circuit 17 or the battery circuit 19. .

  Hereinafter, details of the control of the electronic control unit 21 will be described. The flowchart of FIG. 2 shows a processing procedure of a circuit switching routine executed by the electronic control unit 21. Note that the processing of this routine is repeatedly performed periodically by the electronic control unit 21 while the vehicle is operating.

  When this routine is started, the electronic control unit 21 first determines in step S10 whether or not the vehicle battery 18 needs to be warmed up. This determination is made based on whether or not the battery temperature Tb is equal to or lower than the predetermined value α. Note that the target value (for example, 50 ° C.) for warming up the in-vehicle battery 18 is set to the specified value α.

  If it is determined that the in-vehicle battery 18 needs to be warmed up (S10: YES), the electronic control unit 21 determines whether or not the coolant after passing through the electrical device is higher than the in-vehicle battery 18 in step S20, that is, the coolant. It is determined whether the temperature Tw is higher than the battery temperature Tb. Here, if the coolant temperature Tw is higher than the battery temperature Tb (S20: YES), the electronic control unit 21 determines that the coolant temperature Tw is equal to or lower than a predetermined value β (for example, 65 ° C.) in step S30. Check if early cooling of the motor 12 and the inverter 13) is unnecessary. If early cooling of the electrical equipment is not necessary (S30: YES), the electronic control unit 21 controls the electric three-way valve 15 to supply the coolant to the battery circuit 19. On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in any of Steps S <b> 10 to S <b> 30, the electronic control unit 21 controls the electric three-way valve 15 to supply the coolant to the radiator circuit 17.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the vehicle battery 18 needs to be warmed up, the coolant temperature Tw is higher than the battery temperature Tb, and the vehicle battery 18 can be heated by the coolant, and the electrical equipment can be heated early. When cooling is unnecessary, the coolant is supplied to the battery circuit 19 and the vehicle battery 18 is heated by the heat of the coolant. In other cases, the coolant is supplied to the radiator circuit 17, and the coolant is cooled by the radiator 16.

  FIG. 3 shows a time series table for an example of the operation mode of the vehicle battery heating apparatus of this embodiment. In the time series table of the same figure, the engine is started at time t0. At this time, both the coolant temperature Tw and the battery temperature Tb are “0 ° C.”. Here, it is assumed that the specified value α (warming-up completion temperature of the in-vehicle battery 18) is set to “50 ° C.” and the predetermined value β (required cooling temperature of the electric device) is set to “65 ° C.”. .

  At time t1, the battery temperature Tb is “10 ° C.” and the coolant temperature Tw is “15 ° C.”. At this time, the vehicle-mounted battery 18 needs to be warmed up, the battery temperature Tb is lower than the coolant temperature Tw, and the vehicle-mounted battery 18 can be heated by the coolant, so that the coolant is supplied to the battery circuit 19. Thus, the vehicle battery 18 is heated.

  At time t2, the battery temperature Tb is “51 ° C.” and the coolant temperature Tw is “45 ° C.”. Since the vehicle-mounted battery 18 at this time has already been sufficiently warmed up, the coolant is supplied to the radiator circuit 17.

  At time t3, the battery temperature Tb is “40 ° C.”, and the coolant temperature Tw is “50 ° C.”. Since the vehicle battery 18 at this time is not sufficiently warmed up and the vehicle battery 18 can be heated by the coolant, the coolant is supplied to the battery circuit 19 to heat the vehicle battery 18. Is called.

  Further, at time t4, the battery temperature Tb is “45 ° C.”, and the coolant temperature Tw is “66 ° C.”. At this time, the in-vehicle battery 18 needs to be warmed up, and the in-vehicle battery 18 can be heated by the coolant. However, since the electrical equipment needs to be cooled early, the coolant is supplied to the radiator circuit 17. .

Incidentally, in the above embodiment, the electric three-way valve 15 corresponds to the “switching means”, and the electronic control unit 21 corresponds to the “switching control means”.
According to the vehicle battery heating apparatus of the present embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) In the present embodiment, a radiator circuit 17 in which a coolant for cooling the vehicle electrical equipment (11, 12, 13) excluding the vehicle-mounted battery 18 is circulated through the radiator 16, and the coolant is mounted on the vehicle-mounted battery. Two coolant circuits with battery circuit 19 circulated through 18 are provided. Then, the electric three-way valve 15 that switches between the radiator circuit 17 and the battery circuit 19 through which the coolant after passing through the electric device is circulated, and the battery circuit 19 when the coolant temperature Tw is higher than the battery temperature Tb. An electronic control unit 21 is provided for controlling the electric three-way valve 15 so that the coolant is circulated through it. In this embodiment, the coolant used for cooling the vehicle electrical equipment (generator 11, motor 12, inverter 13) excluding the on-vehicle battery 18 passes through the radiator circuit 17 and the battery circuit 19 through the control of the electric three-way valve 15. It will be circulated through either. When the coolant temperature Tw is higher than the battery temperature Tb, the coolant is circulated through the battery circuit 19. At this time, the vehicle-mounted battery 18 is supplied with a coolant heated by the waste heat of the electric equipment, and the vehicle-mounted battery 18 is heated by the heat. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted battery 18 can be efficiently heated by using the waste heat of the vehicle electrical equipment other than the vehicle-mounted battery 18.

  (2) In this embodiment, the electronic control unit 21 controls the electric three-way valve 15 so as to circulate the coolant through the battery circuit 19 on the further condition that early cooling of the electrical equipment is not necessary. . More specifically, the electronic control unit 21 controls the electric three-way valve 15 to circulate the coolant through the battery circuit 19 on the further condition that the coolant temperature Tw is equal to or lower than the predetermined value β. In this embodiment, there is a possibility that the electrical equipment is overheated, and when the early cooling is necessary, the coolant is circulated through the radiator circuit 17 even if the coolant temperature Tw is higher than the battery temperature Tb. Become. Therefore, the vehicle-mounted battery 18 can be efficiently heated while suitably avoiding overheating of the electric device.

  (3) In this embodiment, the electronic control unit 21 controls the electric three-way valve 15 to circulate the coolant through the battery circuit 19 on the further condition that the on-vehicle battery 18 is not sufficiently warmed up. I have to. The in-vehicle battery 18 cannot exhibit sufficient performance even if the temperature rises excessively. In this respect, in the present embodiment, if the vehicle battery 18 is sufficiently warmed up, the coolant heated by the waste heat of the electrical equipment is not supplied to the vehicle battery 18, thereby preventing overheating of the vehicle battery 18. Will be able to.

In addition, the said embodiment can also be changed and implemented as follows.
In the above embodiment, if the coolant temperature Tw is high and early cooling of the electrical device is necessary, cooling of the electrical device is given priority over the heating of the in-vehicle battery 18 and the coolant is supplied to the radiator circuit 17. It was like that. In the case where the electric device can be sufficiently cooled while the vehicle battery 18 is heated, the vehicle battery 18 is continuously heated by the coolant even when the electric device needs to be cooled quickly. good.

  -Although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where the heating apparatus of the vehicle-mounted battery which concerns on this invention was applied to the hybrid vehicle, this invention is a vehicle provided with the cooling fluid circuit for cooling electric devices, such as an electric vehicle. If applicable, it can be applied.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment in which the vehicle battery heating apparatus of the present invention is embodied will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 focusing on differences from the above-described embodiment. The in-vehicle battery heating apparatus of this embodiment is obtained by adding an in-vehicle battery heating system using the thermal energy of exhaust to the apparatus of the first embodiment.

  FIG. 4 shows the configuration of such a heating system. The heating system includes an exhaust heat recovery unit (EHR) 32 provided on an exhaust pipe 31 of the engine 30. The exhaust heat recovery unit 32 is configured as a heat exchanger that heats a liquid (heating medium) serving as a heat transfer medium with the heat of the exhaust. The heating medium is circulated between the exhaust heat recovery device 32 and the battery heat-up heat exchanger 36 by an electric water pump 33. However, a valve 35 is provided in such a circulation circuit of the heating medium, and when the valve 35 is closed, the heating medium is circulated by bypassing the heat exchanger 36. On the other hand, air blown from the blower 37 is blown to the heat exchanger 36, and the air is heated by the heat of the supplied heating medium. The air blown by the heat exchanger 36 is supplied to the in-vehicle battery 38, whereby the in-vehicle battery 38 is heated.

  Such a heating system is controlled by the electronic control unit 39. The electronic control unit 39 includes a heating medium temperature sensor 34 that detects the temperature of the heating medium after passing through the exhaust heat recovery device 32 (heating medium temperature Tw), and an atmosphere that detects the temperature of the air around the blower 37 (atmosphere temperature Tr). The detection signal of the battery temperature sensor 41 which detects the temperature (battery temperature Tb) of the temperature sensor 40 and the vehicle-mounted battery 38 is input. The electronic control unit 39 controls the electric water pump 33, the valve 35, and the blower 37 based on the detection results of the sensors (34, 40, 41).

  Next, details of the control of the heating system by the electronic control unit 39 will be described. The electronic control unit 39 includes a battery warm-up mode in which the in-vehicle battery 38 is heated by the thermal energy recovered from the exhaust gas, and a bypass mode in which the heat exchanger 36 for battery warm-up is bypassed to circulate the heating medium. The heating system is activated by selecting one of the two modes. The operation mode of each device in each mode is as shown in Table 1.

図５は、上記モードの選択に係るモード選択ルーチンのフローチャートを示している。本ルーチンの処理は、車両の稼動中に電子制御ユニット３９よって周期的に繰り返し実施されるものとなっている。

FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of a mode selection routine related to the mode selection. The processing of this routine is repeatedly performed periodically by the electronic control unit 39 during operation of the vehicle.

  When the processing of this routine is started, the electronic control unit 39 first determines in step S100 whether or not the exhaust purification catalyst has been warmed up. If catalyst warm-up has been completed (S100: YES), the electronic control unit 39 determines whether or not the heating medium temperature Tw is equal to or higher than the ambient temperature Tr in step S110. Further, if the heating medium temperature Tw is equal to or higher than the ambient temperature Tr (S110: YES), the electronic control unit 39 determines in step S120 whether or not the battery temperature Tb is equal to or lower than the target temperature rise γ of the in-vehicle battery 38, that is, It is determined whether or not the vehicle-mounted battery 38 needs to be heated. If the vehicle-mounted battery 38 needs to be heated (S120: YES), the electronic control unit 39 selects the battery warm-up mode (S130). On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in any of steps S100 to S120, the electronic control unit 39 selects the bypass mode (S140).

  In this embodiment, the exhaust heat recovery device 32 corresponds to “a recovery means for recovering thermal energy of the exhaust gas from the vehicle”. In the present embodiment, the heat exchanger 36, the blower 37, and the electronic control unit 39 indicate that the heat energy of the exhaust gas recovered by the recovery means is obtained on the condition that the exhaust gas purification catalyst has been warmed up. "Supplying means for supplying to vehicle battery" is configured.

In addition to the effects described in the above (1) to (3), the following effect can be achieved according to the vehicle battery heating apparatus of the present embodiment described above.
(4) In the present embodiment, the exhaust heat recovery device 32 that recovers the thermal energy of the exhaust of the vehicle is provided, and the recovered thermal energy of the exhaust is supplied to the in-vehicle battery 38. Therefore, the vehicle-mounted battery 38 can be efficiently warmed up using the heat energy of the exhaust that is originally discarded as waste heat.

  (5) In the present embodiment, the supply of the heat energy of the collected exhaust gas to the in-vehicle battery 38 is performed on the condition that the exhaust gas purification catalyst has been warmed up. Therefore, the vehicle-mounted battery 38 can be warmed up without delaying the warming up of the exhaust purification catalyst warmed up by the exhaust heat.

  (6) In this embodiment, when the in-vehicle battery 38 is sufficiently warmed up, the bypass mode is set to stop the supply of the recovered exhaust thermal energy to the in-vehicle battery 38. Therefore, it is possible to prevent overheating of the in-vehicle battery 38 due to excessive heating.

(Another example of an in-vehicle battery heating system that uses exhaust thermal energy)
As a heating system for an in-vehicle battery using the thermal energy of exhaust, there is the following. FIG. 6 shows the configuration of such a heating system. The vehicle-mounted battery 51 to be heated here is installed in a form embedded in the floor 50 of the vehicle.

  As shown in the figure, in the exhaust pipe 52 of the vehicle equipped with this heating system, a branch pipe 54 is branched downstream of the main muffler 53, and exhaust can be introduced around the in-vehicle battery 51 through the branch pipe 54. Yes. A thermostat type valve 55 is installed at the proximal end portion of the branch pipe 54, and the branch pipe 54 is closed when the in-vehicle battery 51 is sufficiently warmed up. In such a heating system, the vehicle-mounted battery 51 can be heated by heat conduction from the exhaust through the floor 50 to the vehicle-mounted battery 51.

  In addition to this, as a heating system for in-vehicle batteries using the heat energy of exhaust, there is a system that generates electricity with exhaust heat, flows the generated electricity to an electric heater, and warms the in-vehicle batteries with the generated heat. is there.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Electric water pump, 11 ... Generator, 12 ... Motor, 13 ... Inverter, 14 ... Coolant temperature sensor, 15 ... Electric three-way valve (switching means), 16 ... Radiator, 17 ... Radiator circuit, 18 ... In-vehicle battery, 19 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Battery circuit, 20 ... Battery temperature sensor, 21 ... Electronic control unit (switching control means), 30 ... Engine, 31 ... Exhaust pipe, 32 ... Exhaust heat recovery device (collection means), 33 ... Electric water pump, 34 ... Heating Medium temperature sensor, 35 ... Valve, 36 ... Heat exchanger (supply means) for warming up the battery, 37 ... Blower (supply means), 38 ... In-vehicle battery, 39 ... Electronic control unit (supply means), 40 ... Atmospheric temperature Sensor: 41 ... Battery temperature sensor, 50 ... Floor, 51 ... In-vehicle battery, 52 ... Exhaust pipe, 53 ... Main muffler, 54 ... Branch pipe, 55 ... Valve.

Claims (4)

A radiator circuit in which a coolant for cooling electric equipment of a vehicle excluding an in-vehicle battery is circulated through the radiator;
A battery circuit in which the coolant is circulated through the vehicle battery;
Switching means for switching whether the coolant after passing through the electrical device is circulated through the circuit of the radiator circuit or the battery circuit;
A switching control means for controlling the switching means to circulate the cooling liquid through the battery circuit when the temperature of the cooling liquid after passing through the electric device is higher than the temperature of the in-vehicle battery;
Equipped with a,
The switching control means controls the switching means to circulate the cooling liquid through the battery circuit under the further condition that early cooling of the electrical equipment is not necessary. . A radiator circuit in which a coolant for cooling electric equipment of a vehicle excluding an in-vehicle battery is circulated through the radiator;
A battery circuit in which the coolant is circulated through the vehicle battery;
Switching means for switching whether the coolant after passing through the electrical device is circulated through the circuit of the radiator circuit or the battery circuit;
A switching control means for controlling the switching means to circulate the cooling liquid through the battery circuit when the temperature of the cooling liquid after passing through the electric device is higher than the temperature of the in-vehicle battery;
Equipped with a,
The switching control means controls the switching means to circulate the cooling liquid through the battery circuit on the further condition that the temperature of the cooling liquid after passing through the electrical equipment is not more than a predetermined value. In-vehicle battery heating device. 3. The vehicle-mounted device according to claim 1, wherein the switching control unit controls the switching unit to circulate the coolant through the battery circuit, on the condition that the vehicle-mounted battery is not sufficiently warmed up. Battery heating device. In the heating apparatus of the vehicle-mounted battery of any one of Claims 1-3 ,
A recovery means for recovering thermal energy of the exhaust of the vehicle;
Supply means for supplying thermal energy of the exhaust gas recovered by the recovery means to the in-vehicle battery on condition that warming up of the exhaust purification catalyst is completed,
A vehicle-mounted battery heating device comprising:

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