JP5341710B2 - Elevator device and hoisting machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator apparatus and a hoisting machine, and more particularly to an improvement in an oil pollution prevention structure for an elevator apparatus and a hoisting machine braking device.

  Conventionally, in a hoisting machine of an elevator apparatus that decelerates the rotation of an electric motor with a speed reducer and rotates a sheave attached to the output shaft of the speed reducer to raise and lower the elevator, oil such as lubricating oil is stored in the speed reducer. The gears were lubricated. For this reason, oil has been prevented from leaking with an oil seal or the like so that it does not leak through the shaft, but the oil may leak due to wear of the contact portion after long-term use. There has been known a structure in which a partition plate is provided as a technique for collecting oil leaking through the shaft of the elevator hoist (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-021829

  According to the above-mentioned patent document, since there is a partition plate that collects the leaked oil in the oil receiver, the oil leaked from the shaft can be guided to the oil receiver while being hardly affected by the wind. However, the oil attached to the shaft is scattered around by the centrifugal force that rotates the shaft, or it adheres to the rotating object provided on the shaft and is scattered by the centrifugal force when it rotates. Was not.

  Also, in recent years, oil has adhered to elevator devices and hoisting machine braking devices, resulting in a decrease in braking force, and there has been a great deal of interest in the problems that may occur due to this. A technique for preventing the adhesion of oil as much as possible has been desired. Such a demand has been similarly desired not only for a geared hoisting machine but also for a hoisting machine in which a sheave is provided on the output shaft of a motor without a speed reducer.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an elevator apparatus and a hoisting machine that have improved oil stain prevention performance of a braking surface of a brake drum of a braking device in order to prevent a reduction in braking ability of the braking device due to adhesion of oil. The purpose is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, an elevator apparatus according to the present invention drives a car that moves up and down in a hoistway, a main rope that holds the car, and a sheave around which the main rope is wound. A hoisting machine for raising and lowering the car, and the hoisting machine is provided with a brake drum on a rotating body that rotates when the car raises and lowers, and a brake shoe is pressed against a peripheral surface of the brake drum. In the elevator apparatus having a braking device for braking the raising and lowering of the car, the oil adhering to the rotating body, which is scattered by centrifugal force when the rotating body rotates, is relative to the axial direction of the rotating body. A drum-direction oil splatter prevention mechanism that prevents the brake drum from moving toward the brake drum is provided on the mounting boss end surface of the brake drum. Covering the boss end surface, subjected to oil splashing, received oil and an oil adhesion preventing cover leading to the oil receiving, the oil adhesion preventing cover, said boss end surface of the outer periphery and the brake drum of the rotary body An anti-brake drum side end at a lower portion of the anti-scattering surface and having an anti-scattering surface and a rising surface raised in the boss direction from the anti-scattering surface provided at the brake drum side end of the anti-scattering surface The brake drum is isolated from the oil drain port provided in the section, and the oil that has passed through the drain port on the brake drum side below the drain port, and the lower end is directed toward the outer periphery of the brake drum. And an oil separator having an L-shaped cross section extending on the oil receiver .

Further, the hoisting machine according to the present invention drives the sheave around which the main rope for suspending the car moving up and down in the hoistway is driven to move the car up and down, and rotates when the car goes up and down. In a hoisting machine having a braking device in which a brake drum is provided on a rotating body that has a braking device that presses a brake shoe against a peripheral surface of the brake drum and applies braking to lift and lower the car, when the rotating body rotates, A drum direction oil splatter prevention mechanism is provided on the end face of the brake boss of the brake drum for preventing oil adhering to the rotator scattered by centrifugal force from moving toward the brake drum with respect to the axial direction of the rotator. the covering said boss end surface of the outer periphery and the brake drum of the rotating body, receives oil from scattering, received oil and an oil adhesion preventing cover leading to the oil receiving, the oil adhered The stop cover is raised in the boss direction from the scattering prevention surface that covers the outer periphery of the rotating body and the boss end surface of the brake drum, and the scattering prevention surface provided at the brake drum side end of the scattering prevention surface. The brake drum from an oil drain port provided at the end of the anti-brake drum on the anti-brake drum side below the scattering prevention surface and oil that has passed through the oil drain port on the brake drum side below the oil drain port And an oil isolating portion having an L-shaped cross section extending on the oil receiver toward the outer peripheral portion of the brake drum .

  According to the present invention, an object of the present invention is to provide an elevator apparatus and a hoisting machine that can improve the oil pollution prevention performance of the braking surface of the brake drum of the braking device and prevent the braking performance of the braking device from being lowered due to oil adhesion. To do.

It is an outline sectional view showing an outline of an elevator apparatus in an example of the present invention. It is a side view which shows the outline | summary of the winding machine in the Example of this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing of the winding machine in the AA straight line shown in FIG. It is a front view which shows the general | schematic shape of the oil adhesion prevention cover in the Example of this invention. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a range surrounded by a circle B in FIG. 3. It is sectional drawing which shows the mode of the scattering of the oil which reached | attained the brake drum through the axis | shaft. It is sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the drum direction oil scattering prevention mechanism.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a front view showing an outline of the elevator apparatus of the present embodiment. The elevator apparatus 1 shown in the figure includes a car 3 and a counterweight 4 that move up and down in a hoistway 2, a main rope 5 that holds the car 3 and the counterweight 4, and a sheave around which the main rope 5 is wound. And a hoisting machine 7 for driving the car 3 and the counterweight 4 up and down. In the present embodiment, the hoisting machine 7 is installed in a machine room 8 provided in the upper part of the hoistway 2. Then, the main rope 5 having one end fixed to the car 3 enters the machine room 8 from the hoistway 2 through the hole 9 drilled in the bottom of the machine room 8 and is wound around the sheave 6 and then deflected. It returns to the hoistway 2 again through the hole 11 drilled in the bottom of the machine room 8 via the vehicle 10, and the other end is fixed to the counterweight 4. With this configuration, when the hoisting machine drives the sheave 6, the car 3 and the counterweight 4 are lifted and lowered opposite to each other.

  FIG. 2 is a side view showing an outline of the hoist according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the hoisting machine 7 in this embodiment includes an electric motor 12 that generates driving force for rotating the sheave 6, a gear case 13 that rotates the sheave 6 by reducing the driving force generated by the electric motor 12, and a braking device. 14.

  The brake device 14 has a cylindrical drum drum 15 having an outer peripheral surface serving as a brake surface, a brake shoe 16 pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 15, a brake arm 17 to which the brake shoe 16 is attached, and a brake arm 17 And an electromagnet 18 that contacts and isolates the brake shoe 16 from the brake drum 15.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the brake arm 17 receives a pressing force so as to press the brake shoe 16 against the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 15 by a spring 19, and the electromagnet 18 resists the spring force of the spring 19. Is operated in the direction in which the brake shoe 16 is released, and the braking of the brake drum 15 is released. When the electromagnet 18 is de-energized, the brake shoe 16 is pressed against the brake drum 15 by the pressing force of the spring 19, and the brake drum The rotation of 15 is braked by the frictional force caused by sliding with the brake shoe 16.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the hoisting machine 7 along the line AA shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the brake drum 15 is provided on a first pinion shaft 20 that is a rotating body that rotates when the car 3 moves up and down. In the present embodiment, the first pinion shaft 20 is a rotating shaft of the electric motor 12 and is an input shaft of the speed reducer. Such a configuration in which the brake drum 15 is provided on the first pinion shaft 20 to apply a braking force allows the sheave 6 that rotates by being decelerated from the rotation of the first pinion shaft 20 to be more reliably braked and to efficiently apply the braking force. You can hang it.

  The gear, pinion, and bearing in the gear case 13 are lubricated with gear oil, and an oil seal 21 is provided to prevent oil leakage from the gear oil bearing portion to the brake drum 15 side. The oil in the gear case 13 scatters in the gear case 13 as the gear rotates, and a large amount of oil may adhere to the bearing 22, but inclines toward the anti-bearing 22 near the bearing 22 of the first pinion shaft 20. By providing the guard 23 provided with the inclined surface, the scattered oil does not directly adhere to the bearing 22. A groove 24 is provided in the lower part of the bearing 22 so that oil between the bearing 22 and the bearing cover 25 escapes to the gear case 13 side, and excess oil accumulated between the bearing 22 and the bearing cover 25 is removed from the gear case. The structure is such that leakage to the braking surface side, which is the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 15, is discharged to the 13th side.

  Further, when the oil seal 21 is significantly damaged, it is conceivable that oil leaks from the oil seal 21. In the unlikely event that the oil seal 21 is in such an abnormal state, the oil is removed from the outer surface of the bearing cover 25. The leaked oil is guided to the oil receiver 26 provided at the lower part of the gear case 13 to prevent the leaked oil from diffusing.

  Further, in this embodiment, there are provided oil adhesion prevention covers 28, 29, 30 that cover the outer periphery of the first pinion shaft 20 and the end face of the boss 27 of the brake drum 15, receive the scattered oil, and guide the received oil to the oil receiver 26. ing.

  FIG. 4 is a front view showing a schematic shape of the oil adhesion prevention covers 28, 29, 30. The oil adhesion preventing covers 28 and 29 are configured so as to be divided into upper and lower parts by dividing the cylinder into halves. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the oil adhesion preventing covers 28, 29 are formed from scattering prevention surfaces 31, 33 covering the outer periphery of the first pinion shaft 20 and the end face of the boss 27 of the brake drum 15, and scattering prevention surfaces 31, 33. The rising surfaces 32 and 34 are raised in the direction of the boss 27, and the rising surfaces 32 and 34 are located at the ends of the anti-scattering surfaces 31 and 33 on the brake drum 15 side.

  And the anti-brake-drum 15 side edge part of the scattering prevention surfaces 31 and 33 of the oil adhesion prevention covers 28 and 29 is formed in the flat plate shape perpendicular | vertical to the scattering prevention surfaces 31 and 33, and this flat plate part is used as the bearing cover 25. It is fixed with screws. Further, the oil adhesion preventing cover 30 is fixed to the lower end of the oil adhesion preventing cover 29 with screws. With such a structure, the oil splashed from the outer periphery of the first pinion shaft 20 and the end face of the boss 27 of the brake drum 15 is received by the splash preventing surfaces 31 and 33 of the oil adhesion preventing covers 28 and 29, and the oil is scattered outside. Is prevented.

  Further, since the rising surfaces 32 and 34 raised in the direction of the boss 27 exist from the scattering preventing surfaces 31 and 33, the scattering preventing surfaces 31 and 33 are caused by the momentum of the oil received by the scattering preventing surfaces 31 and 33. It is prevented from jumping out from the end of the brake drum 15 side. Note that a slight gap is provided between the end portions of the rising surfaces 32 and 34 and the boss 27 so that friction does not occur between the boss 27 and the oil adhesion prevention cover.

  In this embodiment, the splash prevention surfaces 31 and 33 of the oil adhesion prevention covers 28 and 29 are provided horizontally, but the oil received by the splash prevention surfaces 31 and 33 is inclined so as to guide the bearing cover 25 toward the bearing cover 25. Also good. By doing so, more reliable oil leakage in the direction of the brake drum 15 can be prevented.

  FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by a circle B in FIG. As shown in the figure, an oil drain port 35 is provided at the end of the anti-brake drum 15 side of the anti-splash surface 33 of the oil adhesion prevention cover 29. An oil adhesion prevention cover 30 that is an oil isolation portion having an L-shaped cross section is provided on the brake drum 15 side below the oil discharge port 35 to isolate the oil that has passed through the oil discharge port 35 from the brake drum 15. The lower end extends on the oil receiver 26 toward the outer periphery of the brake drum 15.

  The oil adhesion preventing cover 30 is attached to the brake drum 15 side further than the end portion of the oil discharge port 35 on the brake drum 15 side. With such a configuration, the surface of the oil adhesion prevention cover 30 that faces the brake drum 15 is prevented from getting oil, and the oil adheres to the surface opposite to the brake drum 15 and guides the oil to the oil receiver 26. The oil can be more reliably prevented from adhering to the braking surface of the drum 15.

  Further, the anti-brake drum 15 side end portion of the lower portion of the anti-scattering surface 33 that becomes the end portion of the oil discharge port 35 is inclined downward, and the oil received by the oil adhesion prevention covers 28 and 29 is discharged downward. It is easy. The oil discharged from the oil discharge port 35 is dropped downward in the space surrounded by the flat plate portion of the oil adhesion prevention cover 29 and the oil adhesion prevention cover 30 or the flat plate portion of the oil adhesion prevention cover 29 is dropped. Then, the oil drops are dropped, or the oil adhesion prevention cover 30 is dropped on the oil receiver 26 through the surface of the anti-brake drum 15 side. In this way, by installing the oil adhesion prevention covers 28 and 29 on the upper and lower portions of the bearing 22 and the oil adhesion prevention cover 30 below the oil adhesion prevention cover 29 and guiding the leaked oil to the oil receiver 26 provided in the gear case 13, The structure prevents the leaked oil from diffusing.

  The oil coming out of the oil seal 21 is gradually accumulated around the first pinion shaft 20, but if the oil reaches the end of the boss 27 of the brake drum 15, the inertial resultant force of gravity and centrifugal force against the adhesion force. Will grow and the oil will scatter. Therefore, by providing the oil adhesion prevention covers 28 and 29 on the upper and lower parts of the bearing, it is possible to receive the scattered oil. The received oil is conducted through the lower wall surface of the oil adhesion preventing cover 29 or the wall surface of the gear case 13 from the oil discharge port 35 provided in the oil adhesion preventing cover 29 and is accumulated in the oil receiver 26.

  Further, the oil adhesion prevention cover 30 has a structure that prevents oil from adhering to the braking surface by a portion extending on the oil receiver 26 toward the outer peripheral portion even when the oil drops and splashes on the oil receiver 26. It has become. The extended surface that extends on the oil receiver 26 of the oil adhesion prevention cover 30 and is arranged so as to face the outer peripheral portion of the brake drum 15 is arranged so that when oil adheres to its lower surface, You may incline so that oil may be guide | induced to the bearing cover 25 direction, ie, the anti-brake drum 15, direction. In this way, oil can be more reliably prevented from adhering to the braking surface.

  In addition, the oil receiver 26 should be installed in a place where it can be visually checked so that oil leaks can be easily detected by regular inspection, and the oil receiver 26 can be removed when oil has accumulated. Is good.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of oil splashing through the shaft and reaching the brake drum. As shown in FIG. 5A, when oil reaches the brake drum 115 through the first pinion shaft 120, if the end face of the boss 127 of the brake drum 115 is chamfered, the main oil indicated by the arrow The oil travels on the chamfered portion like the scattering path 137, the oil scatters in the drum inner surface direction with respect to the axial direction C, and the oil attached to the drum inner surface reaches the braking surface in a form along the drum inner surface. there is a possibility. Even in such a case, since the oil adhesion preventing covers 28 and 29 are provided, it is possible to prevent the oil from being scattered on the braking surface of the brake drum 15, but the force of the oil in the direction of the rising surfaces 32 and 34 is applied to the oil. Therefore, it is not preferable.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6B, when the first pinion shaft 20 rotates, the oil adhering to the first pinion shaft 20 scattered by centrifugal force is braked in the axial direction C. A drum-direction oil splatter prevention mechanism for preventing heading toward the drum 15 is provided on the end surface of the boss 27 attached to the first pinion shaft 20 of the brake drum 15. In the drum direction oil splatter prevention mechanism of this embodiment, the chamfering of the end face of the boss 27 of the brake drum 15 is eliminated, and oil is prevented from adhering to the braking surface by scattering the oil in the vertical direction of the boss portion outer periphery.

  According to such a configuration, the oil that reaches the brake drum 15 through the first pinion shaft 20 is repelled in the outer circumferential direction from the end face of the boss 27 that is not chamfered like the main oil scattering path 37 indicated by an arrow. In order to prevent the oil from adhering to the braking surface and to prevent the braking ability from being lowered, the boss of the brake drum 15 has the purpose of preventing oil stains on the braking surface of the brake drum 15 of the braking device 14. Since it can be realized by eliminating one step of not chamfering the 27 end face, it can be easily applied. Further, since the oil received by the splash preventing surfaces 31 and 33 is not easily applied to the direction of the vertical surfaces 32 and 34, it is difficult to leak the oil from the oil adhesion preventing covers 28 and 29 to the brake drum 15 side. it can.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the drum direction oil scattering prevention mechanism. As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the scattering prevention plate 36 having a slope facing the opposite side of the brake drum 15 with respect to the axial direction C of the first pinion shaft 20 is provided on the end surface of the boss 27 of the brake drum 15. It is a structure to provide.

  Even with such a structure, it is possible to repel the outer peripheral direction from the end face of the boss 27 like the main oil scattering path 37 indicated by the arrow, so that the oil does not adhere to the braking surface and the effect of preventing the braking ability from being lowered. In addition, the object of preventing oil stains on the braking surface of the brake drum 15 of the braking device 14 can be realized by providing the anti-scattering plate 36 on the end surface of the boss 27 of the brake drum 15 and thus can be easily applied. . Further, even if the brake drum 15 has a normal chamfer at the end of the boss 27, there is an effect that oil can be prevented from adhering to the braking surface. In addition, since the force applied to the anti-brake drum 15 direction is easily applied to the oil received by the scattering prevention surfaces 31 and 33, it is difficult to leak the oil from the oil adhesion prevention covers 28 and 29 to the brake drum 15 side. It can be facilitated to guide the oil to the oil receiver 26.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the anti-scattering plate 36 is provided, but the slope facing the opposite side of the brake drum 15 with respect to the axial direction C of the first pinion shaft 20 directly on the end surface of the boss 27 of the brake drum 15. Even if it forms, the effect which prevents the oil stain of the braking surface of the brake drum 15 of the braking device 14 can be acquired.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the hoisting machine 7 has a structure in which the output of the electric motor 12 is decelerated by the speed reducer to rotate the sheave 6, because oil is stored in the gear box 13 of the speed reducer. This is more effective because it is possible to more effectively prevent oil from adhering to the brake braking surface. However, the present invention is not limited to such a geared hoisting machine, but can be applied to a hoisting machine in which a braking part is attached to a cantilevered rotating part, a hoisting machine that rotates without a reduction gear, or the like.

  Thus, according to the hoisting machine of the present invention, it is possible to improve the oil stain prevention performance of the braking surface of the brake drum of the braking device, and it is possible to prevent the braking capability of the braking device from being lowered due to the adhesion of oil.

  Further, according to the elevator apparatus of the present invention, the oil stain prevention performance of the braking surface of the brake drum of the braking device can be improved, and it is possible to prevent the braking performance of the braking device from being lowered due to the adhesion of oil. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of problems due to the scattering of oil and to prevent the hoistway and the like from being soiled with oil, making maintenance easier and prolonging the service life.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Elevator apparatus 2 Hoistway 3 Ride car 4 Counterweight 5 Main rope 6 Sheave 7 Hoisting machine 8 Machine room 9, 11 Hole 10 Baffle 12 Electric motor 13 Gear case 14 Brake device 15 Brake drum 16 Brake shoe 17 Brake arm 18 Electromagnet 19 Spring 20 First pinion shaft (rotary body)
21 Oil seal 22 Bearing 23 Guard 24 Groove 25 Bearing cover 26 Oil receiver 27 Boss 28, 29, 30 Oil adhesion prevention cover 31, 33 Scatter prevention surface 32, 34 Standing upper surface 35 Drain port 36 Scatter prevention plate 37 Oil scattering path

Claims (5)

A car that moves up and down in a hoistway, a main rope that holds the car, and a hoist that drives a sheave around which the main rope is wound to raise and lower the car. An elevator apparatus having a braking device in which a brake drum is provided on a rotating body that rotates when the car ascends and descends, and a brake shoe is pressed against a peripheral surface of the brake drum to apply braking to the elevator. In
A drum direction oil scattering prevention mechanism for preventing oil adhering to the rotating body scattered by centrifugal force from moving toward the brake drum side with respect to the axial center direction of the rotating body when the rotating body rotates; Provided on the mounting boss end surface of the brake drum, and provided with an oil adhesion prevention cover that covers the outer periphery of the rotating body and the boss end surface of the brake drum, receives the scattered oil, and guides the received oil to the oil receiver ,
The oil adhesion prevention cover includes a scattering prevention surface that covers an outer periphery of the rotating body and the boss end surface of the brake drum, and the scattering prevention surface provided at the brake drum side end of the scattering prevention surface in the boss direction. An oil discharge port provided on the anti-brake drum side end of the lower part of the anti-scattering surface and an oil that has passed through the oil discharge port on the brake drum side of the lower part of the oil discharge port. An elevator apparatus characterized in that the brake drum is isolated and a lower end portion of the brake drum has an L-shaped oil isolation portion extending on the oil receiver toward an outer peripheral portion of the brake drum .   The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drum-direction oil splatter prevention mechanism has a structure that does not chamfer the boss end surface of the brake drum.   The drum direction oil splatter prevention mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the boss end surface of the brake drum is provided with a slope that faces away from the brake drum with respect to the axial direction of the rotating body. Elevator equipment. In claims 1 to 3, an elevator apparatus, wherein the hoisting machine is a structure that decelerates the output of the motor in the reduction gear for rotating the sheave. Driving a sheave around which a main rope that suspends a car that moves up and down in the hoistway is driven to raise and lower the car, and a rotating drum that rotates when the car goes up and down is provided with a brake drum, In a hoisting machine having a braking device that presses a brake shoe against a peripheral surface of the brake drum and applies braking to raise and lower the car,
A drum direction oil scattering prevention mechanism for preventing oil adhering to the rotating body scattered by centrifugal force from moving toward the brake drum side with respect to the axial center direction of the rotating body when the rotating body rotates; Provided on the mounting boss end surface of the brake drum, and provided with an oil adhesion prevention cover that covers the outer periphery of the rotating body and the boss end surface of the brake drum, receives the scattered oil, and guides the received oil to the oil receiver ,
The oil adhesion prevention cover includes a scattering prevention surface that covers an outer periphery of the rotating body and the boss end surface of the brake drum, and the scattering prevention surface provided at the brake drum side end of the scattering prevention surface in the boss direction. An oil discharge port provided on the anti-brake drum side end of the lower part of the anti-scattering surface and an oil that has passed through the oil discharge port on the brake drum side of the lower part of the oil discharge port. A hoisting machine characterized by isolating the brake drum and having an oil isolating portion having an L-shaped cross section extending on the oil receiver toward a peripheral portion of the brake drum .

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