JP5340543B2 - System for judging the soundness of temporary structures - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a system for determining the soundness of a temporary structure, and more specifically, using a GPS, for example, a temporary structure such as a temporary scaffold for construction or a retaining wall made up of a large number of sheet piles. The present invention relates to a soundness determination system for a temporary structure that detects deformation and determines its soundness.

Patent Document 1 discloses a GPS surveying instrument that can perform national land surveys and site surveys using GPS even in places with tall buildings such as buildings. The GPS surveying instrument disclosed in Patent Document 1 is based on a GPS antenna that receives satellite radio waves from GPS hygiene, a GPS receiver that receives and processes satellite radio waves, and a computer that calculates the three-dimensional coordinates of the GPS antenna. It is difficult to receive radio waves from GPS hygiene if there is a high building around the place to be surveyed, so that the GPS antenna overhanging the building's rooftop position is determined by determining the ground position with a vertical instrument It is. According to this GPS surveying instrument, no matter where the surveying point is on the ground, the GPS antenna is directly above it (the position protruding from the roof of the building), so there are no obstacles around the GPS antenna, and as a result GPS The antenna can reliably receive radio waves from GPS satellites.
JP-A-9-203636

  However, the GPS surveying instrument disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a surveying technique that provides a solution to the problem of how to perform GPS surveying in urban areas where it is difficult to receive radio waves from GPS hygiene. However, the soundness of a temporary structure such as a retaining wall composed of a temporary scaffold for construction and a large number of sheet piles is not detected and its soundness is not judged. In recent years, in order to determine whether a temporary structure can continue to be used after an earthquake or after the strong winds have subsided, the worker has detailed the state of the temporary structure, that is, the temporary structure is not deformed or distorted. It was judged by examining in detail whether or not there was. Such inspection and determination takes time and labor when the scale of the temporary structure is increased, and it is difficult to draw a conclusion in a short time, which hinders construction work.

  An object of the present invention is to solve such a conventional problem. By using GPS, the soundness of a temporary structure such as a retaining wall composed of a temporary scaffold for construction and a large number of sheet piles is used. An object of the present invention is to provide a soundness determination system for a temporary structure that immediately determines the property.

The present invention is a soundness determination system for determining the soundness of a temporary structure of a retaining wall composed of a temporary scaffold for construction or a large number of sheet piles, and the feature thereof is a GPS antenna and A GPS receiver composed of a GPS receiver, a calculator that calculates a baseline vector between GPS antennas based on observation data received from GPS satellites by the GPS receiver of the GPS receiver , a temporary scaffold for construction, and a retaining ring A temporary structure that is one of the walls, and at least one triangle is formed by the area surrounded by the baseline vector, and a triangle by the area surrounded by the baseline vector is also formed in the height direction. to, GPS antenna ground clearance of any temporary structure construction temporary scaffolding and retaining walls are arranged in a plurality of different measurement points, calculation Stores the initial reference triangle defined by the baseline vector and the shape storage means for storing the measured triangle defined by the baseline vector calculated after a lapse of a predetermined time from the storage of the reference triangle, and three-dimensional coordinates The output means for displaying the reference triangle and the measured triangle as a three-dimensional image using, the comparison means for comparing the measured triangle and the reference triangle, and the difference in the comparison element between the reference triangle and the measured triangle compared by the comparison means measuring means for measuring the residual deformation of the temporary structure using, have a determining means for determining the soundness of the temporary structures on the value of residual deformation, compared elements and the reference triangle the actual triangular, the The length dimension of each side of the reference triangle and the actually measured triangle defined by the baseline vector .

  In another embodiment of the soundness determination system for a temporary structure according to the present invention, a reference station is installed at a coordinate determination point on the ground in the vicinity of the temporary structure, the reference station measures an error estimated value, and the GPS The receiving apparatus performs positioning calculation while correcting the pseudo distance using the error estimation value.

  In another embodiment of the soundness determination system for a temporary structure according to the present invention, a comparison element between the reference triangle and the measured triangle is obtained by comparing the reference triangle and the measured triangle defined by the baseline vector. Each interior angle. Furthermore, as another embodiment of the soundness determination system for a temporary structure according to the present invention, a comparison element between the reference triangle and the measured triangle is defined by the base line vector and the measured triangle. It is a relative height.

  According to the soundness determination system for a temporary structure according to the present invention, since the difference between the comparison elements when the actually measured triangle is compared with the reference triangle is used as the deformation measurement means of the temporary structure, the temporary structure caused by an earthquake or strong wind is used. It is possible to investigate without overlooking deformations such as tilting, twisting, and buckling of the body, and it is possible to reliably and immediately determine the soundness of the temporary structure. This soundness determination system uses GPS to form a reference triangle and an actually measured triangle, and extracts differences between the triangles, so that slight deformation that cannot be visually observed can be reliably detected. In this soundness determination system, since the GPS antenna of each GPS receiver is simply arranged so that the area surrounded by the baseline vector forms a triangle, the setting of the system is not troublesome, and the system is easily made. Can be relocated.

  Further, according to the soundness determination system for a temporary structure according to the present invention, a reference station installed at a coordinate determination point on the ground in the vicinity of the temporary structure measures an error estimated value, and a GPS receiving apparatus calculates the error estimated value. Since the positioning calculation is executed while correcting the pseudo distance, the measurement accuracy can be improved, and a slight deformation of the temporary scaffold for construction can be reliably and immediately detected.

  Further, according to the soundness determination system for a temporary structure according to the present invention, since the comparison element between the reference triangle and the actually measured triangle is the length dimension of each side of the triangle defined by the baseline vector, If the length dimension of each side of the triangle is different from that of the reference triangle, it can be seen that residual deformation such as tilt, twist, buckling, etc. has occurred in the temporary construction scaffold, and the length of each side of the reference triangle and the measured triangle The soundness of the temporary structure can be reliably determined by comparing the length dimensions.

  Further, according to the soundness determination system for a temporary structure according to the present invention, the comparison elements between the reference triangle and the actually measured triangle are the interior angles of those triangles defined by the baseline vector. If the angle is different from that of the reference triangle, it is immediately known that the temporary scaffold for construction has been subjected to residual deformation such as tilt, twist, buckling, etc., and by comparing the angles of the internal angles of the reference triangle and the measured triangle The soundness of the temporary structure can be reliably determined.

  Furthermore, according to the soundness determination system for a temporary structure according to the present invention, since the comparison element between the reference triangle and the actually measured triangle is the specific height of those triangles defined by the baseline vector, the vertical direction of the actually measured triangle If the height dimension of the reference triangle is different from that of the reference triangle, it is immediately known that residual deformation such as tilting, twisting, buckling, etc. has occurred in the temporary structure, and by comparing the specific height of the reference triangle with the measured triangle, The soundness of the structure can be reliably determined.

  Hereinafter, the soundness determination system for a temporary structure according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as a soundness determination system) will be described in more detail with respect to a preferred embodiment shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a temporary construction scaffold 11 that is a temporary structure for judging soundness by a soundness judging system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the construction temporary scaffold 11 shown in FIG. 1 and shows a base line vector 17A extending between the GPS antennas 13A to 13D. It is also an image of ~ 17E. The construction temporary scaffold 11 schematically shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is an example of a prismatic structure as a whole that is installed in the vicinity of the structural enclosure (not shown) so as to surround the structural enclosure in the middle of construction. I have to. The temporary construction scaffold 11 is used exclusively during the construction of the building, but the temporary construction scaffold targeted by the soundness determination system according to the present invention is, for example, renovation of the outer wall of an existing building, painting, Or it includes the case where it is installed in the vicinity of an existing building at the time of installation work of various facilities and additional equipment.

  The soundness determination system 10 includes a GPS receiver 15 that includes GPS antennas 13A to 13D that receive satellite radio waves transmitted from GPS satellites 12, and a GPS receiver 14 that is connected to the GPS antennas 13A to 13D, and a GPS receiver. And a computer 16 (computer) connected to the machine 14 (see FIG. 3). The GPS positioning method in the soundness determination system 10 in FIGS. 1 to 3 employs static positioning (interference positioning). In the soundness determination system 10, a large number of baseline vectors 17 </ b> A to 17 </ b> E can be simultaneously obtained by using a plurality of antennas 13 </ b> A to 13 </ b> D and the receiver 14 and observing at the same time zone. The number of measured baseline vectors 17A to 17E is five as shown in FIG. The area surrounded by the baseline vectors 17A to 17E presents triangles 18A and 18B. In the soundness determination system 10 shown in FIG. 1, the computer 16 is omitted.

  The GPS satellite 12 orbits about 20200 km above the ground at a cycle of about 11 hours 58 minutes 2 seconds. There are a total of 24 GPS satellites 12 in four orbital planes, and a total of 24 GPS satellites 12 are operated so that four or more satellites 12 can always be observed in a geometrical arrangement from any position on the earth. . The satellite 12 generates a satellite radio wave (carrier wave, PRN code, navigation message), and transmits the generated satellite radio wave divided into three blocks.

  The GPS antennas 13 </ b> A to 13 </ b> D are installed in the vicinity of almost the middle of each side portion at the top of the construction temporary scaffold 11 (structure to be measured) installed in a prismatic shape as a whole. Specifically, when viewed from above, the temporary scaffold 11 for construction has a substantially rectangular shape, and the GPS antennas 13A to 13D are installed near the middle part of each side, and the antennas 13A to 13D are connected to each other. The connecting line segments (baseline vectors 17A to 17D) form a quadrangle. A quadrangle formed by line segments connecting the antennas 13A to 13D is divided into two by one diagonal line to form triangles 18A and 18B having the same shape. It is not necessary to arrange the GPS antennas 13A to 13D so that the line segments connecting the GPS antennas 13A to 13D form a quadrangle, and the GPS antennas 13A to 13D are arranged so that the line segments form a rhombus or a trapezoid. May be. The GPS antennas 13 </ b> A to 13 </ b> D receive satellite radio waves generated by the GPS satellite 12 and output the received satellite radio waves to the GPS receiver 14.

  The GPS receiver 14 amplifies and frequency-converts the input satellite radio wave to obtain a sufficient level of radio wave, and then synchronizes the code (detects the radio wave propagation time) with a code synchronization circuit. The receiver 14 generates the same C / A code pattern reference carrier (replica) as that of the satellite to be received, adjusts its timing, and synchronizes with the satellite radio wave. The receiver 14 moves the time so that the correlation between the generated code and the received satellite code is the highest. When the correlation becomes the highest, the replica and the satellite radio wave are synchronized, and the receiver 14 demodulates the navigation message. Next, the receiver 14 reproduces the carrier wave phase used for positioning. The receiver 14 removes the code and the navigation message from the satellite radio wave, performs filtering, and then obtains a reproduced carrier wave (sine wave). The regenerated carrier wave is output to the phase synchronization circuit, and the phase difference between the two waves (difference between the phase of the carrier wave from the satellite and the phase of the carrier wave replica in the receiver) is measured as compared with the carrier wave replica generated by the receiver 14. The The phase difference is input to the phase counter and accumulated by the phase counter. The phase difference is measured at a time interval (epoch interval) set in advance according to the second signal of the receiver clock.

  In static positioning (interference positioning), as shown in FIG. 1, observation is performed by installing GPS receivers 15 including GPS antennas 13 </ b> A to 13 </ b> D and a GPS receiver 14 at a plurality of measurement points P of a temporary scaffold 11 for construction. And an integer value bias is determined using a change in position of the GPS satellite 12 moving in the sky. The multiple solutions of the baseline vectors 17A to 17E by the integer bias are determined by the positions of the four satellites 12 having three sets of double phase differences as shown in FIG. Note that multiple solutions move as the satellite 12 moves, but only the true solution becomes a fixed point. Using this, a fixed point is found by observing continuously for a certain time, and the baseline vectors 17A to 17E and the integer value bias are determined simultaneously. The static side position is calculated by using the phase difference integrated value as an observation amount. However, since there is an integral multiple of uncertainty, the clock error between the satellite 12 and the receiver 14 must be completely removed. Therefore, in the static positioning, the phase difference integrated value is calculated between the satellites 12 and the phase difference integrated value is calculated between the receivers 14 to eliminate an error caused by the satellite 12 and the receiver 14. ing.

  The computer 16 has a central processing unit (CPU) and a cache memory. The computer 16 is connected to the GPS receiver 14 by an interface (wired 19) or wirelessly (see FIG. 3). The computer 16 is provided with a keyboard 20 and a display 21 and has a built-in large capacity hard disk. Although not shown, a printer is connected to the computer 16 via an interface. The cache memory internal address file stores a program for executing this system and a baseline analysis application for executing baseline analysis calculation using observation data observed by the GPS receiver 14. The central processing unit starts a program stored in the internal address file based on the control by the operating system, and executes shape storage means, comparison means, measurement means, determination means, and output means of this system according to the program.

  The computer 16 can change each data stored in the internal address file via the keyboard 20 at any time. In addition, the computer 16 can bring it for portable use at the time of measurement and can connect it to the GPS receiver 14, or can be installed in the construction temporary scaffold 11 while being connected to the GPS receiver 14. The baseline analysis application analyzes the data such as carrier phase and pseudorange recorded by the GPS receiver 14 and calculates the baseline vector, as well as the satellite observation condition calculation function for creating the observation calculation and the three-dimensional network. It has an average calculation function and possesses various surveying tools.

  Next, an example of analysis of the baseline vectors 17A to 17E by the computer 16 will be described. The computer 16 reads the observation data (phase data, pseudorange, navigation message) for each observation point P from the GPS receiver 14, and then the phase difference for each satellite at the two observation points P at each observation time (epoch). Is calculated (single phase difference between receivers). Next, the difference of the single phase difference regarding the two satellites 12 is taken and the double phase difference is calculated. Furthermore, the difference of the double phase difference between epochs is taken, and the triple phase difference (difference between the double phase difference of one epoch and the double phase difference of the previous epoch) is calculated (calculation of phase difference) ). The satellite position for each epoch is calculated from the orbit information of the navigation message read from the GPS receiver 14 (satellite position calculation). An approximate baseline vector is calculated from the triple phase difference and the position data of the satellite 12 by the least square method (approximate baseline vector calculation). Then, using the baseline vector obtained by the triple phase difference as an approximate value, estimation of the integer value bias and calculation of the baseline vector by the double phase difference are performed by the least square method (integer value bias estimation and baseline vector calculation). After the integer value bias is estimated, the baseline vector is calculated again by the least square method with the integer value bias fixed to an integer value (bias integerization). Create theoretical observations (double phase difference) based on the finally calculated baseline vector and satellite position (calculation of statistics). A statistic such as a standard deviation is evaluated for the finally calculated baseline vector result to determine baseline vectors 17A to 17E.

  4 and 5 are diagrams showing the reference triangle 22 and the actually measured triangle 23 displayed on the display 21 of the computer 16. In FIG. 5, these triangles 22 and 23 are displayed in three-dimensional coordinates. In this system 10, immediately after the GPS antennas 13 </ b> A to 13 </ b> D and the GPS receiver 14 are installed on the temporary construction scaffold 11, the computer 16 determines the baseline vectors 17 </ b> A to 17 </ b> E using the observation data input from the receiver 14. To do. The computer 16 uses the baseline vectors 17A-17E to form the initial reference triangle 22 in the two-dimensional or three-dimensional space defined by the vectors 17A-17E. When the computer 16 forms the reference triangle 22, it stores it in the memory (shape storage means). The computer 16 determines the baseline vectors 17A to 17E again after a lapse of a predetermined period after storing the reference triangle 22, and uses the determined baseline vectors 17A to 17E to define the two-dimensional vectors defined by the vectors 17A to 17E. Alternatively, the measured triangle 23 in a three-dimensional space is formed. When the computer 16 forms the actual measurement triangle 23, it stores it in the memory (shape storage means). There is no particular limitation on the predetermined period for forming the actual measurement triangle 23, and the period can be freely determined. For example, not only can the period be determined in units of weeks, months, or years, but also immediately after a natural disaster such as an earthquake, typhoon, or crustal deformation, or a human disaster such as a fire or depression caused by excavation of land. You can also

  The computer 16 compares the reference triangle 22 with the actually measured triangle 23 (comparison means). The computer 16 that compares the triangles 22 and 23 by the comparison means extracts the difference of the comparison element between the reference triangle 22 and the actually measured triangle 23, and measures the residual deformation of the temporary scaffold 11 for construction based on the extracted difference ( Further, the soundness of the temporary construction scaffold 11 is determined based on the residual deformation value (determination unit). The soundness means whether the temporary scaffold 11 for construction can be used continuously, how many years it can be used in the future, and what part needs reinforcement. The comparison elements between the reference triangle 22 and the actual measurement triangle 23 are the length dimensions of the sides of the reference triangle 22 and the actual measurement triangle 23, the angles of the internal angles between the reference triangle 22 and the actual measurement triangle 23, and the reference triangle 22 and the actual measurement triangle 23. The specific height with respect to the triangle 23 (the height dimension in the vertical direction) and the movement dimension in the horizontal direction of the actually measured triangle 23 with respect to the reference triangle 22.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the computer 16 displays the reference triangle 22 and the actually measured triangle 23 on the display 21 as planar images. Although not shown, the display 21 displays the length dimension of each side (AB side, AD side, BD side, BC side, CD side) of the reference triangle 22. , The length dimension of each side (ab side, ad side, bd side, bc side, cd side) of the measured triangle 23 is displayed, and further, each side of the reference triangle 22 is displayed. The difference between the length dimension and the length dimension of each side of the measured triangle 23 (the difference between the length dimension of the AB side and the length dimension of the ab side, the difference between the AD side and the ad side Difference in length dimension, difference between the length dimension of the BD side and the length dimension of the bc side, difference in length dimension between the BC side and the bc side, length of the CD side The difference between the length dimension and the length dimension of the cd side) is displayed (output means).

  The display 21 displays the internal angles (θA, θB1, θD1, θC, θB2, θD2) of the reference triangle 22, and the internal angles of the measured triangle 23 (θa, θb1, θd1, θc, θb2, θd2). Further, the difference between each internal angle of the reference triangle 22 and each angle of the actually measured triangle 23 (the difference between the angle θA and the angle θa, the difference between the angles θB1 and θb1, the difference between the θD1 and θd1), The difference between the angle θC and the angle θc, the difference between the angles θB2 and θb2, and the difference between θD2 and θd2 are displayed (output means). The computer 16 stores the image of FIG. 4 in a memory, and the length dimension of each side of the reference triangle 22 and the actually measured triangle 23, the difference in length dimension of each side of the triangles 22 and 23, the reference triangle 22 and The internal angle of the measured triangle 23 and the difference between the internal angles of the triangles 22 and 23 are stored in the memory.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the computer 16 displays the reference triangle 22 and the actually measured triangle 23 on the display 21 as a three-dimensional image using the three-dimensional coordinates. Although not shown, the display 21 displays the coordinates on the X, Y, and Z axes of each point (A point, B point, C point, and D point) of the reference triangle 22, and each point ( The coordinates on the X, Y, and Z axes of the points a, b, c, and d) are displayed. Further, the movement dimension in the X, Y, Z axis direction of each point of the actual measurement triangle 23 with respect to each point of the reference triangle 22 (the X, Y, Z axis directions of the point a of the actual measurement triangle 23 with respect to the point A of the reference triangle 22 , The movement dimension in the X, Y, and Z axis directions of the b point of the measured triangle 23 with respect to the B point of the reference triangle 22, and the X, Y, Z of the c point of the measured triangle 23 with respect to the C point of the reference triangle 22 The movement dimension in the axial direction and the movement dimension in the X, Y, and Z axis directions of the d point of the measured triangle 23 with respect to the D point of the reference triangle 22 are displayed. The computer 16 stores the image of FIG. 5 in a memory, and also determines the coordinates of the points of the reference triangle 22 and the measured triangle 23 and the movement dimensions of the points of the triangles 22 and 23 in the X, Y, and Z axis directions. Store in memory. The computer 16 prints the images of FIGS. 4 and 5 with a printer, and prints the difference in the length dimension of each side, the difference in the angle of the inner angle, and the movement dimension of each point in the X, Y, and Z axis directions. (Output means).

  The computer 16 determines the difference between the length dimension of each side of the reference triangle 22 and that of the actual measurement triangle 23, the difference between the internal angle of the reference triangle 22 and that of the actual measurement triangle 23, the specific height of the reference triangle 22 and the actual measurement triangle 23. The soundness of the temporary scaffold 11 for construction is determined from the difference (the amount of movement in the Y-axis direction of points A, B, C, and D), and the determination result (having soundness or not sounding) Is output. A reference value of the difference for judging the soundness is set in the computer 16 in advance. The computer 16 stores the determination result in the memory. In addition, those reference values differ depending on each element such as the size and type of the structure to be measured, the installation position of the antennas 13A to 13D, the magnitude of the disaster, the age of the structure, and are not limited to the illustrated reference values. It can be set freely. In the computer 16, these reference values are set and changed using the keyboard 20.

  The soundness judgment system 10 for the temporary structure shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 measures the residual deformation of the temporary scaffold 11 for construction by using the difference between the comparison elements when the measured triangle 23 and the reference triangle 22 are compared. Since the soundness of the temporary construction scaffold 11 is determined from the value of the residual deformation, it is possible to overlook the deformation of the construction temporary scaffold 11 after a natural disaster or human disaster has occurred, such as tilt, twist, or buckling. It is possible to investigate, and it is possible to reliably and immediately determine the soundness, that is, the availability of the temporary construction scaffold 11 after the disasters occur. Since this system 10 forms a reference triangle 22 and an actually measured triangle 23 using GPS and extracts the difference between the triangles 22 and 23, it can reliably detect a slight residual deformation that cannot be visually observed. Can do. Further, since the GPS antennas 13A to 13D are simply arranged on the construction temporary scaffold 11 so that the areas surrounded by the baseline vectors 17A to 17E form the triangles 22 and 23, the setting of the system 10 is not time-consuming. Furthermore, the system 10 can be easily relocated.

  This system 10 measures when the length dimension of each side of the measured triangle 23 is different from the length dimension of each side of the reference triangle 22, and when the angle of each internal angle of the measured triangle 23 is different from that of the reference triangle 22. When the vertical height dimension of the triangle 23 is different from that of the reference triangle 22, a natural disaster or a human disaster occurs when each point of the measured triangle 23 moves in a horizontal direction with respect to each point of the reference triangle 22. After that, it can be seen that residual deformation such as tilt, twist, buckling and the like has occurred in the temporary construction scaffold 11 after construction. By comparing the reference triangle 22 and the measured triangle 23, the soundness of the temporary construction scaffold 11 can be ensured. Can be determined.

  FIG. 6 shows a soundness determination system 30 for a temporary structure for construction according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In this soundness determination system 30, five GPS antennas 13 </ b> A to 13 </ b> E are installed on the temporary construction scaffold 11. The GPS antennas 13A to 13D are installed at the same positions as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, but the GPS antenna 13E is a single ridge line extending in the height direction of the construction temporary scaffold 11 installed in a prismatic shape ( It is installed near the middle in the height direction at the corner. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the reference triangle 31 and the actually measured triangle 32 displayed on the display 21 of the computer 16. In FIG. 7, the triangles 31 and 32 are displayed in three-dimensional coordinates. In this system 10, immediately after the GPS antennas 13 </ b> A to 13 </ b> E and the GPS receiver 14 are installed on the temporary construction scaffold 11, the computer 16 determines the baseline vectors 17 </ b> A to 17 </ b> I using the observation data input from the receiver 14. To do. In this case, in this embodiment, the GPS antennas 13A to 13D are installed in the same plane, but the GPS antenna 13E is mounted at a position where the ground height is different from other GPS antennas. The computer 16 determines the baseline vectors 17A to 17I using the (distance from the GPS satellite) data.

  The computer 16 uses the baseline vectors 17A to 17I to form the initial reference triangle 31 in the three-dimensional space defined by the vectors 17A to 17I. When the computer 16 forms the reference triangle 31, it stores it in the memory (shape storage means). The computer 16 determines the baseline vectors 17A to 17I again after a predetermined period of time after storing the reference triangle 31, and uses the determined baseline vectors 17A to 17I to define the three-dimensional vectors defined by the vectors 17A to 17I. The actual measurement triangle 32 in the space is formed. When the computer 16 forms the actual measurement triangle 32, it stores it in the memory (shape storage means). There is no particular limitation on the predetermined period for forming the actual measurement triangle 32, and the period can be freely determined. For example, not only can the period be determined in units of weeks, months, or years, but also immediately after a natural disaster such as an earthquake, typhoon, or crustal deformation, or a human disaster such as a fire or depression caused by excavation of land. You can also

  The computer 16 compares the reference triangle 31 and the actually measured triangle 32 (comparison means). The computer 16 that compares the triangles 31 and 32 by the comparison means extracts the difference of the comparison element between the reference triangle 31 and the actually measured triangle 32, and measures the residual deformation of the temporary scaffold 11 for construction by the extracted difference ( Further, the soundness of the temporary construction scaffold 11 is determined based on the residual deformation value (determination unit). In addition, soundness means whether the temporary scaffold 11 for construction can be used continuously, which part needs reinforcement, etc. Further, the comparison elements of the reference triangle 31 and the actual measurement triangle 32 are the length dimension of each side of the reference triangle 31 and the actual measurement triangle 32, the angle of each internal angle between the reference triangle 31 and the actual measurement triangle 32, and the reference triangle 31 and the actual measurement triangle 32. A specific height (vertical height dimension) with the triangle 32, and a horizontal movement dimension of the measured triangle 32 with respect to the reference triangle 31.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the computer 16 displays the reference triangle 22 and the actually measured triangle 23 on the display 21 as a three-dimensional image using three-dimensional coordinates. The display 21 has each side of the reference triangle 31 (A-B side, B-C side, C-D side, A--, similar to the planar images and stereoscopic images of FIGS. 4 and 5 in the first embodiment). The length dimension of D side, BD side, BE side, CE side, AE side, DE side) is displayed, and each side (ab side, b--) of the actual measurement triangle 32 is displayed. c side, cd side, ad side, bd side, bee side, ce side, ae side, der side) are displayed, and the reference triangle is displayed. The difference between the length dimension of each side of 31 and the length dimension of each side of the actually measured triangle 32 is displayed (output means).

  Further, the display 21 displays the angle of the inner angle of the reference triangle 31 and the angle of the inner angle of the actual measurement triangle 32, and also displays the difference between the respective internal angles of the reference triangle 31 and the respective angles of the actual measurement triangle 32 (output). means). Further, the display 21 displays the coordinates of the points (A point, B point, C point, D point, E point) of the reference triangle 31 on the X, Y, and Z axes, and each point (a The coordinates on the X, Y, and Z axes of the point, b point, c point, d point, and e point) are displayed. In addition, the movement dimension in the X, Y, and Z axis directions of each point of the actual measurement triangle 32 with respect to each point of the reference triangle 31 (the X, Y, and Z axes of point a of the actual measurement triangle 32 with respect to point A of the reference triangle 31 The moving dimension in the direction, the moving dimension in the X, Y, and Z axis directions of the b point of the measured triangle 32 with respect to the B point of the reference triangle 31, and the X, Y, and C of the c point of the measured triangle 32 with respect to the C point of the reference triangle 31 The moving dimension in the Z-axis direction, the moving dimension in the X, Y, and Z-axis directions of the d point of the measured triangle 32 with respect to the D point of the reference triangle 31, and the X of the e point of the measured triangle 32 with respect to the E point of the reference triangle 31 , Y, Z axis movement dimensions) are displayed. The computer 16 stores the image of FIG. 7 in a memory, and also determines the length dimension of each side of the reference triangle 22 and the actually measured triangle 23, the difference in length dimension of each side of the triangles 22 and 23, the reference triangle 22 and The angle of the inner angle with the measured triangle 23, the difference between the angles of the inner angles of the triangles 22, 23, the coordinates of the points of the reference triangle 31 and the measured triangle 32, the X, Y, and Z axes of the points of the triangles 31, 32 The moving dimension in the direction is stored in the memory. The computer 16 prints the image of FIG. 7 with a printer, and prints the difference in the length dimension of each side, the difference in the angle of the inner angle, and the movement dimension of each point in the X, Y, and Z axis directions (output). means).

  The computer 16 determines the difference between the length dimension of each side of the reference triangle 31 and that of the actual triangle 32, the difference between the angle of the inner angle of the reference triangle 31 and that of the actual triangle 32, the specific height of the reference triangle 31 and the actual triangle 32. The soundness of the temporary scaffold 11 for construction is determined from the difference (the amount of movement in the Y-axis direction of the points A, B, C, D, and E), and the determination result (has soundness or soundness) Output). A reference value of the difference for judging the soundness is set in the computer 16 in advance. The computer 16 stores the determination result in the memory. In addition, those reference values differ depending on each element such as the size and type of the structure to be measured, the installation positions of the antennas 13A to 13E, the magnitude of the disaster, the age of the structure, and the like, and are not limited to the illustrated reference values. It can be set freely. In the computer 16, these reference values are set and changed using the keyboard 20.

  The temporary structure soundness judgment system 30 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 measures the residual deformation of the construction temporary scaffold 11 using the difference of the comparison elements when the actual measurement triangle 32 and the reference triangle 31 are compared. Since the soundness of the temporary construction scaffold 11 is determined from the value of the residual deformation, it is possible to overlook the deformation of the construction temporary scaffold 11 after a natural disaster or human disaster has occurred, such as tilt, twist, or buckling. It is possible to investigate, and it is possible to reliably and immediately determine the soundness, that is, the availability of the temporary construction scaffold 11 after the disasters occur. Since the soundness determination system 10 uses the GPS to form the reference triangle 31 and the actually measured triangle 32 and extracts the differences between the triangles 31 and 32, the residual deformation that is impossible with the naked eye is surely ensured. Can be detected. Further, since the GPS antennas 13A to 13E are simply arranged on the temporary scaffold 11 for construction so that the areas surrounded by the baseline vectors 17A to 17E form the triangles 31 and 32, it takes time to set the soundness determination system 10. In addition, the soundness determination system 10 can be easily relocated.

  In the soundness determination system 30, when the length dimension of each side of the measured triangle 32 is different from the length dimension of each side of the reference triangle 31, the angle of each internal angle of the measured triangle 32 is different from that of the reference triangle 31. In the case where the vertical dimension of the actual measurement triangle 32 is different from that of the reference triangle 31, when each point of the actual measurement triangle 32 moves in the horizontal direction with respect to each point of the reference triangle 31, a natural disaster or human Since it can be seen that residual deformation such as tilt, twist, buckling and the like has occurred in the temporary construction scaffold 11 after the disaster has occurred, the construction of the temporary construction scaffold 11 by comparing the reference triangle 31 and the actual measurement triangle 32. The sex can be determined reliably.

  FIG. 8 further shows a soundness determination system 40 for a temporary structure according to the third embodiment. The GPS positioning method in the soundness determination system 40 shown in FIG. 8 employs differential positioning, and a reference station 42 (GPS) is provided at the coordinate determination point Q of the ground 41 in the vicinity of the temporary construction scaffold 11 (structure to be measured). An antenna and a receiver to a GPS receiver) are installed. The measured baseline vectors 17A to 17E are five as in the first embodiment. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the area surrounded by the baseline vectors 17A to 17E exhibits triangles 18A and 18B. The GPS receiver 14 amplifies and converts the frequency of the input satellite radio wave to obtain a sufficient level of radio wave, and then performs a code cycle (detection of radio wave propagation time) by a code synchronization circuit. The receiver 14 generates the same C / A code pattern reference carrier (replica) as the satellite 12 to be received, adjusts the timing thereof, and synchronizes with the satellite radio wave. The receiver 14 moves the time so that the correlation between the generated code and the received satellite code is the highest. When the correlation becomes the highest, the replica and the satellite radio wave are synchronized, and the receiver 14 demodulates the navigation message. At this time, the C / A code time generated in the receiver 14 becomes the arrival time of the satellite radio wave, whereby the receiver 14 calculates the radio wave propagation time. The receiver 14 calculates the pseudo distance by multiplying the radio wave propagation time by the speed of light. However, the receiver clock error remains in this pseudo distance.

  In differential positioning, positioning accuracy is improved by correcting the error of the pseudorange. First, in order to estimate the error of the pseudorange, the reference station 42 is installed at the coordinate determination point Q where the geodetic coordinates are accurately obtained, and the reference station 42 observes the satellite radio wave from each satellite 12 and observes the observation distance (raw The pseudo distance L1) is obtained. On the other hand, the geodetic coordinates of the reference station 42 are known accurately, and based on the satellite position coordinates calculated from the orbit information sent in the navigation message, the geometrical relationship between the satellite 12 and the antenna (observation point Q) of the reference station 42 is obtained. A distance L2 is calculated. Therefore, by subtracting the geometric distance L2 from the pseudo distance L1, the error estimated value L3 (correction amount) of the pseudo distance error can be obtained. In differential positioning, an error estimation value L3 for each satellite 15 being observed is transmitted to the GPS receiver 17 at each observation point P via the satellite 12. The receiver 14 corrects the pseudo distance L4 received by the error estimated value L3 and performs positioning calculation. The reference station 42 can directly transmit the error estimation value L3 for each satellite 12 to the receiver 14 or can transmit it to the receiver 14 via the computer 16.

  In this system 40, the GPS antennas 13A to 13D and the GPS receiver 14 are installed, and immediately after the reference station 42 is installed, the computer 16 uses the observation data input from the receiver 14 to obtain the baseline vectors 17A to 17E. decide. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a reference triangle 22 and an actually measured triangle 23 are displayed on the display 21 of the computer 16. The baseline analysis application stored in the cache memory of the computer 16 analyzes the pseudo distance L4 data recorded by the GPS receiver 14 and calculates baseline vectors 17A to 17E. The computer 16 uses the baseline vectors 17A-17E to form the initial reference triangle 22 in the two-dimensional or three-dimensional space defined by the vectors 17A-17E. When the computer 16 forms the reference triangle 22, it stores it in the memory (shape storage means). The computer 16 determines the baseline vectors 17A to 17E again after a lapse of a predetermined period after storing the reference triangle 22, and uses the determined baseline vectors 17A to 17E to define the two-dimensional vectors defined by the vectors 17A to 17E. Alternatively, the measured triangle 23 in a three-dimensional space is formed. When the computer 16 forms the actual measurement triangle 23, it stores it in the memory (shape storage means). Subsequent analysis and determination of soundness in the temporary scaffold 11 for construction are the same as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  In the soundness determination systems 10 and 40 shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the GPS antennas 13A to 13D are installed in the temporary scaffold 11 for construction, and in the soundness determination system 30 shown in FIG. Then, although the case where the soundness of the temporary scaffold 11 for construction is determined has been described as an example, the GPS receiver 15 is installed on the earth retaining wall 50 as shown in FIG. Sex can also be determined. More specifically, for example, in the case of performing a foundation construction or a basement construction work of a building, the ground is dug down to a predetermined depth, and a retaining wall 50 is formed using a number of sheet piles 51 such as steel sheet piles or H steel. . A base line vector that connects the GPS antenna 15A, 13B,... And the GPS receiver 14 to the earth retaining wall 50, as in the first, second, and third embodiments. Are installed to form a triangle. The method for determining the soundness of the earth retaining wall 50 using a plurality of GPS receivers 15 installed on the earth retaining wall 50 is the same as in the first, second, and third embodiments already described. Since there is, explanation is omitted. By installing a plurality of GPS receivers 15 on the retaining wall 50 in this manner, it is possible to reliably and easily determine the occurrence of twisting or deformation of the retaining wall 50 as in the above-described embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a temporary construction scaffold in which a GPS receiver is installed to determine the health of a temporary construction scaffold as a first embodiment of a soundness judgment system for a temporary structure. It is composition explanatory drawing which shows an example of the correlation between a GPS satellite and a GPS antenna. It is the image figure of the base line vector extended between GPS antennas which looked at the temporary scaffold for construction shown by FIG. 1 from the upper part. It is composition explanatory drawing which shows the reference | standard triangle and actual measurement triangle which were displayed on the display. It is a figure which shows the reference | standard triangle and measurement triangle which were displayed on the display in three dimensions. It is a perspective view which shows roughly the temporary scaffold for construction in which the GPS receiver was installed in order to determine the soundness of the temporary scaffold for construction used with the soundness determination system of the temporary structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the reference | standard triangle and actual measurement triangle which were displayed on the display in the soundness determination system of the temporary structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment three-dimensionally. It is explanatory drawing explaining the soundness determination system of the construction scaffold using a differential side position as 3rd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows roughly the retaining wall in the case of determining the soundness of a retaining wall using the soundness determination system of the temporary structure which concerns on this invention.

10, 30, 40 Temporary structure soundness judgment system 11 Construction temporary scaffold (temporary structure)
12 GPS satellites 13A to 13E GPS antenna 14 GPS receiver 15 GPS receiver 16 Computer (computer)
17A-17I Baseline vector 18A, 18B Triangle 19 Interface 22 Reference triangle 23 Actual triangle 41 Ground 42 Reference station P Measurement point Q Coordinate determination point

Claims (4)

A GPS receiver comprising a GPS antenna and a GPS receiver; a calculator for calculating a baseline vector between the GPS antennas based on observation data received from GPS satellites by the GPS receiver of the GPS receiver; and for construction A temporary scaffold and a temporary structure that is either a retaining wall ,
With at least one triangle formed by the base line vector surrounded by areas, the so triangle according surrounded by areas to baseline vector is also formed to a height direction, the GPS antenna is the construction temporary scaffolding And the ground height of any temporary structure of the retaining wall is arranged at a plurality of measurement points different from each other,
A shape storage means for storing an initial reference triangle defined by the baseline vector and a measured triangle defined by the baseline vector calculated after elapse of a predetermined time from the storage of the reference triangle. Output means for displaying the reference triangle and the measured triangle as a three-dimensional image using three-dimensional coordinates, comparison means for comparing the measured triangle and the reference triangle, and the reference triangle compared by the comparison means wherein possess measuring means for measuring the residual deformation of the temporary structure using the differences of the comparison elements between the measured triangle, and a determining means for determining the soundness of the temporary structures on the value of the residual deformation and A comparison element between the reference triangle and the measured triangle is defined by each of the reference triangle and the measured triangle defined by the baseline vector. Health system for determining temporary structure is a length dimension.   In the system for determining the soundness of the temporary structure, a reference station is installed at a coordinate determination point on the ground in the vicinity of the temporary structure, the reference station measures an error estimated value, and the GPS receiver uses the error estimated value. The soundness determination system for a temporary structure according to claim 1, wherein the positioning calculation is executed while correcting the pseudo distance. The soundness of the temporary structure according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the comparison element between the reference triangle and the actually measured triangle is each internal angle of the reference triangle and the actually measured triangle defined by the baseline vector . Judgment system. 4. The temporary structure according to claim 1 , wherein a comparison element between the reference triangle and the actually measured triangle is a specific height of the reference triangle defined by the baseline vector and the actually measured triangle . 5. Soundness judgment system.

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