JP5339213B2 - Ecosystem network evaluation method and ecosystem network evaluation system using the method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for evaluation of ecosystem network, capable of comprehensively evaluating the habitat adaptability for each of a plurality of organisms differed in habitat characteristic. <P>SOLUTION: The method for evaluation of ecosystem network includes: an extraction step of extracting, from remote sensing data of a target area, a lignosa patch that is a ground section covered with lignosa, a grass field patch that is a ground section covered with grass, and a waterfront green space patch that is a ground section composed of a green space existing near water (step S101); a lignosa-using organism habitat adaptability index calculation step of calculating a habitat adaptability index of lignosa-using organisms corresponding to each lignosa patch (step S104); a grass field-using organism habitat adaptability index calculation step of calculating a habitat adaptability index of grass field-using organisms corresponding to each grass field patch (step S105); and a waterfront green field-using organism habitat adaptability index calculation step of calculating a habitat adaptability index of waterfront green field-using organisms corresponding to each waterfront green field patch (step S106). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an ecosystem network evaluation method for comprehensively evaluating the ease of inhabiting for each of a plurality of organisms, and an ecosystem network evaluation system using the method.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a measurement method for remote sensing a state on the ground surface using an image pickup device mounted on an artificial satellite or an aircraft, or data acquired by a radar has been performed. Such remote sensing technology has begun to be actively used in the fields of agriculture, water resources, or city planning.

For example, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses the height of trees that can be grasped from the difference between the green cover data obtained from satellite data with high resolution and the ground surface model (DSM) and topographic model (DTM) using remote sensing technology. Overlapping data to interpret the status of green areas in the evaluation area, select Kogera as an environmental indicator species indicating the ecology of the urban area, and use the Geographic Information System (GIS) The technology that examines the alternatives of the project, such as the development of new roads and green spaces, by visual evaluation of the impact of the development project is disclosed.
“Development of Ecological Network Evaluation Technology” (Kashima Construction Co., Ltd.), http: // www. kajima. co. jp / news / press / 200809 / 17c1-j. htm

  In conventional ecosystem network assessment technology, remote sensing data is used to understand how green spaces in a city are distributed, and the green chain in a city is a habitat for a specific organism. There is a problem that it is not possible to comprehensively evaluate the ease of inhabiting for multiple organisms with different habitability. . In addition, the conventional evaluation technology obtains the green space and the height of the forest in the green space from remote sensing data, etc., and thereby evaluates from the viewpoint of breeding for a specific organism. In the prior art, the type of green space is not taken into account and high-accuracy evaluation is not possible, and other important matters for breeding for living organisms (such as securing feeding grounds and hiding places from natural enemies) ) Is not considered, and there is a problem that the evaluation accuracy is lowered.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and the invention according to claim 1 is based on remote sensing data of a target area, and is a forest patch that is a land block covered by a forest, a land block covered by grassland. Extraction process to extract a waterside green patch, which is a land parcel consisting of a grassland patch and a green area existing on the waterside, and the forest availability calculated based on the area of each forest patch corresponding to each forest patch Corresponding to 1 aptitude index and each forest patch, corresponding to each forest patch 2nd aptitude index calculated based on the area of the forest patch existing within a predetermined distance from each forest patch and each forest patch The forest availability third suitability index calculated based on the percentage of deciduous trees of each forest patch, the forest availability first suitability index, A forest utilization biohabitat suitability index calculating step of calculating a habitat suitability index of a forest use organism corresponding to each forest patch from the second suitability index of forest use and the third suitability index of forest use; The grassland patch first suitability index calculated based on the area of each grassland patch corresponding to each grassland patch and the grassland existing within a predetermined distance from each grassland patch corresponding to each grassland patch Grassland availability second suitability index calculated based on the area of the patch and grassland availability third suitability calculated based on the length of each grassland patch in contact with the forest area corresponding to each grassland patch Corresponding to each grassland patch from the index, the grassland availability first suitability index, the grassland availability second suitability index, and the grassland availability third suitability index. The grassland availability biohabitat suitability index calculation process to calculate the habitat suitability index of grassland use organisms and the waterside greenland availability index calculated based on the area of each waterside green space patch corresponding to each waterside green space patch 1 aptitude index, waterside green space availability second aptitude index corresponding to each waterside green space patch, calculated based on the area of the waterside green space patch existing within a predetermined distance from each waterside green space patch, Corresponding to the waterside green space patch, the waterside green space availability third suitability index calculated based on the length of each waterside green space patch in contact with the water area, the waterside green space availability first suitability index, and the waterside green space use Habitat aptitude index of waterside green space use organisms corresponding to each waterside green space patch from the 2nd water quality aptitude index and the 3rd waterside green space availability aptitude index The ecosystem network evaluation method characterized by having a waterside green space utilization living thing habitat aptitude index calculation process of calculating.

The invention according to claim 2 is the ecosystem network evaluation method according to claim 1 , wherein the forest use biohabitat suitability index calculated in the forest use biohabitat suitability index calculation step is color-coded. The method includes a step of superimposing and drawing on the map data of the target area.

Further, the invention according to claim 3 is the ecosystem network evaluation method according to claim 1 , wherein the high and low of the grassland utilization biohabitat suitability index calculated in the grassland use organism habitat suitability index calculation step is color-coded. The method includes a step of superimposing and drawing on the map data of the target area.

The invention according to claim 4, color-coded height ecosystem in network evaluation method, the waterside green utilizing organisms Habitat suitability index calculating step waterside green utilizing organisms Habitat suitability index calculated in according to claim 1 And it has the process of superimposing and drawing on the map data of an object area, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

Further, the invention according to claim 5 is based on the remote sensing data of the target area, and includes a forest patch that is a land parcel covered by a forest, a grass patch that is a land parcel covered by grassland, and a land consisting of a green area existing on the waterside. Extraction process to extract waterside green patch that is a section, patch addition process to add any combination of forest patch, grassland patch, waterside green patch in the target area as a greening plan, and each forest patch Corresponding to the forest patch first suitability index calculated based on the area of each forest patch and the area of the forest patch existing within a predetermined distance from each forest patch corresponding to each forest patch. The forest availability second suitability index calculated based on the Based on the third suitability index calculated based on the percentage of leaf trees, the first suitability index for forest use, the second suitability index for forest use, and the third suitability index for forest use Forest habitat suitability index calculation process for calculating habitat suitability index of forest use organisms corresponding to each forest patch, and calculation based on the area of each grassland patch corresponding to each grassland patch Grassland availability first suitability index, each grassland patch corresponding to each grassland patch, and each grassland patch second suitability index calculated based on the area of the grassland patch existing within a predetermined distance range, Corresponding to the grassland patch, the grassland availability third suitability index calculated based on the length of each grassland patch in contact with the forest area, the grassland availability first suitability index, A grassland availability biohabitat suitability index calculating step of calculating a habitat suitability index of a grassland use organism corresponding to each grassland patch from the grassland availability second suitability index and the grassland availability third suitability index, The waterside green space availability first suitability index calculated based on the area of each waterside green space patch corresponding to each waterside green space patch, and a predetermined distance from each waterside green space patch corresponding to each waterside green space patch Based on the waterside greenery availability second suitability index calculated based on the area of waterside greenery patches existing in the vicinity, and the length of each waterside greenery patch in contact with the water area corresponding to each waterside greenery patch The waterside green space availability third suitability index, the waterside green space availability first suitability index, the waterside green space availability second suitability index, and the waterside green space availability index An ecological network evaluation method comprising: 3 suitability indices, and a waterside green space use habitat suitability index calculating step for calculating a habitat suitability index of a waterside green space use organism corresponding to each waterside green space patch It is.

Further, the invention according to claim 6 is the ecosystem network evaluation method according to claim 5 , wherein the patch addition step of different patch combination patterns is executed as a tree planting plan, and the forest is obtained for each pattern. The utilization biohabitat suitability index calculating step, the grassland use biohabitat suitability index calculating step, and the waterside green space use biohabitat suitability index calculating step are executed, and the greening plans based on the respective patch combination patterns It is characterized by comparing.

Further, the invention according to claim 7 is the ecosystem network evaluation method according to claim 5 , wherein the forest use biohabitat suitability index calculating step and the grassland use biohabitat are performed without performing the patch adding step. The suitability index calculation step and the waterside green space use organism habitat suitability index calculation step are executed, and the calculated habitat suitability index, patch area and product of the forest use organism, grassland use organism and waterside green space use organism calculated. After calculating the current habitability total amount calculating step for calculating the current total amount of habitat aptitude from the sum, the above-mentioned patch adding step, the forest utilization biohabitat suitability index calculating step, and the grassland use biohabitat aptitude index calculating step And the waterside green space utilization organism habitat suitability index calculation step, and the calculated forest utilization organism, grassland utilization organism and water Planned habitat suitability total calculation step for calculating the habitat suitability total amount in the plan plan from the sum of the habitat suitability index, patch area and product of the green space utilization organisms, and the current habitat suitability total amount calculated in the current habitat suitability total amount calculation step A habitat suitability total amount change calculating step for calculating a change amount between the plan habitat suitability total amount calculated in the planned habitat suitability total amount calculating step.

The invention according to claim 8 is the ecosystem network evaluation method according to claim 7 , wherein the habitat suitability total amount change calculating step is performed within a range of 250 m.

The invention according to claim 9 is an ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 .

  An ecosystem network evaluation method and an ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to the present invention include a forest use biohabitat suitability index calculation step, a grassland use biohabitat suitability index calculation step, and a waterside green space use biohabitat. A suitability index calculating step, and according to this, it is possible to comprehensively evaluate the ease of inhabiting for each of a plurality of organisms having different habitability.

  In addition, according to the ecosystem network evaluation method and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to the present invention, different patches are considered depending on the type of green space, and further important matters for the habitat of organisms other than breeding ( This makes it possible to conduct highly accurate ecosystem network evaluations, such as securing feeding grounds and hiding places from natural enemies.

It is a figure which shows an example of the system configuration which performs the ecosystem network evaluation method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the flowchart of the process in the system which performs the ecosystem network evaluation method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the remote sensing data used with the ecosystem network evaluation method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the patch extraction process example in the ecosystem network evaluation method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the concept of the adjacent length calculation process in the ecosystem network evaluation method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the forest utilization biohabitat aptitude index calculation method in the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a premise figure for explaining a calculation method. It is a figure explaining the calculation method of the forest availability 2nd aptitude index (250m zone forest area ratio) in the ecosystem network evaluation method concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the grassland utilization biological habitat aptitude index calculation method in the ecosystem network evaluation method concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the calculation method of the grassland availability 2nd appropriateness index (250m area grassland area ratio) in the ecosystem network evaluation method concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the concept of grassland-forest head neighbor. It is a figure explaining the waterside green space utilization living thing habitat aptitude index calculation method in the ecosystem network evaluation method concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a premise figure for explaining a calculation method. It is a figure explaining the calculation method of the waterside green space usability second aptitude index (250m zone water area area ratio) in the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the concept of waterside green space-water area adjacent length. The example which maps a habitat aptitude index on map data is shown. The example which maps a habitat aptitude index on map data is shown. It is a figure which shows the flowchart of the process in the system which performs the ecosystem network evaluation method which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the patch added by the patch addition process in the ecosystem network evaluation method which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. An example in which the amount of change from the current state of the total habitability (250 m range) of all patches including the patch added by the patch addition process is quantitatively compared is shown.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a system configuration for executing an ecosystem network evaluation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 10 is a system bus, 11 is a CPU (Central Processing Unit), 12 is a RAM (Random Access Memory), 13 is a ROM (Read Only Memory), 14 is a communication control unit that controls communication with an external information device, 15 is an input control unit such as a keyboard controller, 16 is an output control unit such as a display controller, 17 is an external storage device control unit, 18 is an input unit including input devices such as a keyboard, pointing device, and mouse, 19 is an LCD display, etc. An output unit 20 including a display device and a printing device 20 is an external storage device such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive).

  In FIG. 1, the CPU 11 retrieves and acquires data by communicating with an external device in accordance with a program ROM stored in the ROM 13 or a program stored in the large-capacity external storage device 20. Processing of output data in which graphics, images, characters, tables, etc. are mixed is executed, and management of a database stored in the external storage device 20 is further executed.

Further, the CPU 11 comprehensively controls each device connected to the system bus 10. The program ROM in the ROM 13 or the external storage device 20 stores an operating system program (hereinafter referred to as OS) that is a basic program for controlling the CPU 11. The ROM 13 or the external storage device 20 stores various data used when performing output data processing or the like. The RAM 12 functions as a main memory and work area for the CPU 11.

  The input control unit 15 controls the input unit 18 from a keyboard or a pointing device (not shown). The output control unit 16 controls output of a display device such as an LCD display and a printing device such as a printer.

The external storage device control unit 17 stores a boot program, various applications, font data, user files, edit files, printer drivers, and the like.
Disk Drive), or in some cases, controls access to the external storage device 20 such as a flexible disk (FD). The communication control unit 14 controls communication with an external device via a network. As a result, the data required by the system can be acquired from a database held by an external device on the Internet or an intranet, or information can be transmitted to the external device.

  In addition to an operating system program (hereinafter referred to as OS) that is a control program for the CPU 11, the external storage device 20 is installed with a system program for operating the ecosystem network evaluation method of the present invention on the CPU 11 and data used in this system program. It is saved and memorized.

  Data used in the system program for realizing the ecosystem network evaluation method of the present invention includes satellite image data (remote sensing data) obtained by imaging an evaluation target area from a flying object such as an artificial satellite or an airplane, and provided by a public organization. It is assumed that these data are stored in the external storage device 20 in some cases. However, in some cases, these data are transmitted to the Internet via the communication control unit 14. It can also be configured to acquire from an external device on the intranet.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of remote sensing data used in the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a multi-spectral image is used as such remote sensing data, and the land cover situation on the ground is extracted. In the present embodiment, the GIS data is used to complement the remote sensing data. For example, in remote sensing data, the data boundary of a water area such as a river may be unclear, but the water area data is complemented by GIS data, so that the location of the water area becomes more accurate. In addition, GIS data is not necessarily essential if a water area becomes clear by remote sensing data.

  Processing in the system configuration for executing the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a flowchart of processing in the system for executing the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 2, when the processing of the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the present embodiment is started in step S100, the process proceeds to step S101, where patch extraction processing is executed from satellite image data (remote sensing data) in the target region. Is done. In this step, the geographic information system data (GIS data) is referred to for the water area, and a process for clarifying the boundary between the surface data and the water area data such as a river is also executed. In addition, although it can be set as arbitrary area as an object area | region, for example, it can set to the radius within 1 km from the object business site which is considering the greening plan etc.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of patch extraction processing in the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining each process in the ecosystem network evaluation method based on a very limited area in the target area. The processing after the patch extraction processing will also be described based on the area as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 4A shows an example in which a green area is extracted from remote sensing data and the position of the water area is specified by GIS data. Such green space extraction can be performed by appropriately setting a threshold value of NDVI (vegetation index) when processing remote sensing data.

FIG. 4B shows a forest patch that is a land block covered by the forest by extracting threshold values such as brightness and band value after extracting the patch outline of the land block in remote sensing data processing. And the mode that the grassland patch which is a land block covered with grassland was extracted is shown. In the following description, the forest patch may be referred to as Pt, and the grassland patch may be referred to as Pg. In the example of FIG. 4B, it is shown that _three patches Pt _{1 to} Pt ₃ are extracted as forest patches, and three patches Pg _{1 to} Pg ₃ are extracted as grassland patches. Note that land sections such as Pg ₃ and Pt ₃ existing on the waterside are also recognized by the system as waterside green patch.

In the subsequent step S102, a process of calculating a deciduous tree ratio in the patch extracted as a forest patch is executed. In each of the Pt _{1 to} Pt ₃ forest patches shown in FIG. 4B, a deciduous tree for the entire forest (an evergreen tree + deciduous tree) is calculated. Such calculation can be realized by setting threshold values such as luminance and band value in the remote sensing data processing.

  In the next step S103, an adjacent length calculation process is executed. Here, the adjacent length calculation processing will be specifically described. When comprehensively assessing the ease of inhabiting, it is not possible to expect an improvement in evaluation accuracy just by how large the green space is. For example, shrimp is a grassland-use species, but it doesn't stay in the grassland all the time, it takes a behavior pattern such as searching for food in the grassland while staying in the forest, so if the grassland is wide enough, It is not possible to increase the number of shrimp individuals. In other words, although it is a species of grassland-use species, how long the forest is adjacent to the grassland is one of the important indicators to facilitate the inhabiting of the species. It is. Similarly, for the kingfisher, a species that can be used for waterside greenery, not only the waterside greenery is wide, but also how long the water area is adjacent to the waterside greenery. It is important to see aptitude.

In step S103, based on the concept as described above, (1) how long each grass patch is adjacent to the forest area corresponding to each grass patch, and (2) each Corresponding to each waterside green patch, how long each waterside green patch is adjacent to the water area is calculated. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the concept of the adjacent length calculation process in the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG.
This is an example of calculating an index relating to how long the grass patch Pg ₃ is adjacent to the forest patch Pt ₂ . That is, the grassland patch Pg ₃ and the forest patch P in FIG.
An example is shown in which an index of the length of the boundary line marked with a cross between t ₂ is calculated. FIG.
) Is an enlarged view of the boundary between the grassland patch Pg ₃ and the forest patch Pt _2, and one rectangle represents a pixel cell constituting the patch. Here, one cell of interest of the grassland patch Pg shown in FIG. 5B will be described as an example. As shown in FIG. 5B, an adjacent length index is obtained by calculating how many of the eight cells surrounding the target cell belong to the forest patch Pt. Then, by performing such calculation for all cells of the grassland patch Pg, the adjacent length of the grassland patch Pg with the forest patch Pt is obtained.

  In the next step S104, forest utilization biohabitat suitability index calculation processing is executed. In this step, a great tit is taken as an example of a forest-utilizing organism.

The habitat aptitude index of a forest-utilizing organism is an index that takes a value between 0 and 1, and the higher the value, the easier it is to live for a forest-utilizing organism. Here, a process of calculating the habitat suitability index of a great tit that is a forest-utilizing organism for each forest patch is performed.
In calculating the forest availability biohabitat suitability index, corresponding to each forest patch, the forest availability first suitability index calculated based on the area of each forest patch, and each forest patch, Based on the forest availability second suitability index calculated based on the area of the forest patch within a predetermined distance from each forest patch, and the ratio of deciduous trees of each forest patch corresponding to each forest patch A forest suitability third suitability index is calculated, and the forest suitability first suitability index, the forest suitability second suitability index, and the forest use availability third suitability index are averaged. To calculate.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a forest-usable biohabitat suitability index calculation method in the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  The forest patch area, which is the first suitability index for forest availability, is an index that takes a value of 0 to 1 that is standardized so that the forest patch with the largest area in the evaluation target region (for example, within a radius of 1 km) becomes 1. Such a forest availability first suitability index is calculated for each forest patch in the target region.

  The forest availability ratio, which is the second suitability index of the forest availability, is 1 for the forest patch in which the total area of the forest patches existing within the 250 m range from the forest patch in the evaluation target region (for example, within a radius of 1 km) is 1 It is an index taking a value of 0 to 1 standardized as described above. Such a forest availability second suitability index is calculated for each forest patch in the target region. The reason why the area ratio is “250 m area” in this index is based on the fact that the living area of small birds is within about 250 m.

FIG. 7 is a premise diagram for explaining a method of calculating the above-mentioned forest availability second suitability index. Here, for each of the forest patches Pt _{1 to} Pt ₃ , the 250 m-range forest area ratio, which is the forest suitability second suitability index, is calculated. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a method for calculating a forest availability second suitability index (250 m-range forest area ratio) in the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 (A) shows the case of calculating the forest area ratio of the 250 m zone of the forest patch Pt ₁ .
(B) shows the case of calculating the forest area ratio of the 250m zone of the forest patch Pt ₂ , and FIG.
Indicates a case where the forest area ratio of the 250 m zone of the forest patch Pt ₃ is calculated.

In the case of calculating the forest area ratio of the 250-m zone of the forest patch Pt ₁ (in the case of FIG. 8A), the areas of the forest patches Pt ₂ and Pt ₃ within the dotted line are added together to obtain the area.

Further, when calculating the 250 m-range forest area ratio of the forest patch Pt ₂ (in the case of FIG. 8B), the areas of the forest patches Pt ₁ and Pt ₃ within the dotted line are added together to obtain the area.

In addition, when calculating the forest area ratio of the 250 m zone of the forest patch Pt ₃ (in the case of FIG. 8C), the area of the forest patch Pt ₂ within the dotted line is added to obtain the area.

In the present embodiment, the maximum area of the areas obtained as described above is standardized as 1, thereby calculating the 250 m-range forest area ratio of the forest patches Pt _{1 to} Pt ₃ .

  The percentage of deciduous trees, which is the third suitability index for forest availability, is a value between 0 and 1 standardized so that the percentage of deciduous trees among the forest patches in the evaluation target area (for example, within a radius of 1 km) is 1 It is an index that takes Such a forest availability third suitability index is calculated for each forest patch in the target area.

  In the next step S105, a grassland utilization organism habitat suitability index calculation process is executed. In this step, explanation will be made by taking an example of a grass as a grassland utilization organism.

The habitat suitability index of grassland-use organisms is an index that takes a value between 0 and 1, and the higher the value, the easier it is for the grassland-use organisms to live. Here, processing is performed for calculating the habitat suitability index of Moz, which is a grassland-use organism, for each grassland patch.
In the grassland availability biohabitat suitability index calculation, corresponding to each grassland patch, the grassland availability first suitability index calculated based on the area of each grassland patch, and each grassland patch, The second suitability index calculated based on the area of the grass patch existing within a predetermined distance from each grass patch, and the length of each grass patch in contact with the forest area corresponding to each grass patch A grassland availability third suitability index calculated based on the grassland availability first suitability index, the grassland availability second suitability index, and the grassland availability third suitability index; Is calculated by averaging.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a grassland utilization organism habitat suitability index calculation method in the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  The grassland patch area that is the first suitability index for grassland utilization is an index that takes a value of 0 to 1 that is standardized so that the largest grassland patch in the evaluation target region (for example, within a radius of 1 km) is 1. Such a grassland availability first suitability index is calculated for each grassland patch in the target area.

  The grassland patch that has the largest combined area of the grassland patches in the 250 m range from the grassland patch in the evaluation target region (for example, within a radius of 1 km) is 1 for the 250 m range grassland area ratio that is the second suitability index of grassland availability. It is an index taking a value of 0 to 1 standardized as described above. Such a grassland availability second suitability index is calculated for each grassland patch in the target area. The reason why the area ratio is “250 m area” in this index is based on the fact that the living area of small birds is within about 250 m.

FIG. 7 is a premise diagram for explaining a method of calculating the grassland availability second suitability index. Here, for each of the grassland patches Pg _{1 to} Pg ₃ , the 250 m-range grassland area ratio which is the grassland availability second suitability index is calculated. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a calculation method of the grassland availability second suitability index (250 m area grassland area ratio) in the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10A shows a case of calculating the 250 m-range grassland area ratio of the grassland patch Pg ₁ , and FIG. 10B shows a case of calculating the 250 m-range grassland area ratio of the grassland patch Pg ₂ .
(C) shows a case where the 250 m-range grassland area ratio of the grassland patch Pg ₃ is calculated.

When calculating the 250 m area grassland area ratio of the grassland patch Pg ₁ (in the case of FIG. 10A), the area of the grassland patch Pg ₃ within the dotted line is added up to obtain the area.

Also, when calculating the 250m area grassland area ratio of grassland patch Pg ₂ (the case of FIG. 10 (B)), the area is calculated are summed the grassland area of patch Pg ₃ in dotted lines.

Also, when calculating the 250m area grassland area ratio of grassland patch Pg ₃ (the case of FIG. 10 (C)), the area is calculated are summed the grassland area of the patch Pg ₁ and Pg ₂ in dotted lines.

In the present embodiment, the largest area among the areas obtained as described above is standardized as 1, thereby calculating the 250 m-range grassland area ratio of the grassland patches Pg _{1 to} Pg ₃ .

  The deciduous tree ratio, which is the third suitability index for grassland availability, is such that the grassland patch having the maximum grassland-forest adjacent length (calculated in step S103) is 1 among the grassland patches in the evaluation target region (for example, within a radius of 1 km). Is an index taking a value of 0 to 1 standardized. Such a grassland availability third suitability index is calculated for each grassland patch in the target area. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the concept of grassland-forest adjacent length. In the figure, it is the grassland-forest adjacent length in consideration of the length marked with x in each grassland patch.

  In the next step S106, waterside green space utilization organism habitat aptitude index calculation processing is executed. In this step, a kingfisher will be described as an example of a waterside green space utilization organism.

  The habitat aptitude index of the waterside green space utilization organism is an index having a value between 0 and 1, and the higher the value, the easier the waterside green space utilization organism is to live. Here, a process of calculating the habitat suitability index of the kingfisher, which is a waterside green space utilization organism, for each waterside green space patch is performed.

  In calculating the waterside green space habitat aptitude index, the waterside green space first aptitude index calculated based on the area of each waterside green patch corresponding to each waterside green space patch, and each waterside green space patch Corresponding to each waterside green space patch, and the waterside green space availability second suitability index calculated based on the area of the waterside green space patch existing within a predetermined distance from each waterside green space patch, A waterside green space availability third suitability index calculated based on the length of the waterside green space patch in contact with the water area, the waterside green space availability first suitability index, and the waterside green space availability second suitability index, The waterside green space availability third suitability index is averaged.

  FIG. 12 is a view for explaining a waterside green space utilization organism habitat aptitude index calculation method in the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  The waterside green space patch area, which is the first aptitude index for waterside green space availability, is an index that takes a value from 0 to 1 that is standardized so that the waterside green space patch with the largest area in the evaluation target region (for example, within a radius of 1 km) is 1. is there. Such a waterside green space availability first suitability index is calculated for each waterside green space patch in the target region.

The waterside greenery area second aptitude index is the waterside greenery area where the total area of waterside greenery patches existing within 250 m from the waterside greenery patch in the evaluation target area (for example, within a radius of 1 km) is the largest. It is an index that takes a value between 0 and 1 standardized so that the patch is 1. Such a waterside green space availability second suitability index is calculated for each waterside green space patch in the target area. The reason why the area ratio is “250 m area” in this index is based on the fact that the living area of small birds is within about 250 m.

FIG. 13 is a premise diagram for explaining a method of calculating the waterside green space availability second suitability index. Here, for each of the waterside green space patches Pw ₁ and Pw ₂ , a 250 m waterside green space area ratio that is the waterside green space availability second suitability index is calculated. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a method for calculating a waterside green space availability second suitability index (250 m waterside green space area ratio) in the ecosystem network evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14A shows a case where the 250 m waterside green area ratio of the waterside green patch Pw ₁ is calculated, and FIG. 14B shows a case where the 250 m waterside green area ratio of the waterside green patch Pw ₂ is calculated. Yes.

In the case of calculating the 250 m waterside green area ratio of the waterside green patch Pw ₁ (in the case of FIG. 14A), the area of the waterside green patch Pw ₃ within the dotted line is added up to obtain the area.

Moreover, when calculating the 250 m zone waterside green space area ratio of the waterside green space patch Pw ₂ (FIG. 14 (
In the case of B)), the waterside green space is summed area of the patch Pw ₁ in dotted lines is determined.

In the present embodiment, the maximum area of the areas obtained as described above is standardized as 1, so that the waterside green area patches Pw ₁ and Pw ₂ are calculated for the 250 m waterside green area ratio.

  The ratio of deciduous trees, which is the third aptitude index for waterside greenery availability, is the waterside greenery patch that has the largest waterside greenery-waterspace adjacent length (calculated in step S103) among waterside greenery patches in the evaluation target area (for example, within a radius of 1 km). It is an index taking a value of 0 to 1 standardized to be 1. Such a waterside green space availability third suitability index is calculated for each waterside green space patch in the target area. FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the concept of waterside green space-water area adjacent length. In the figure, the waterside green space-adjacent length is considered in consideration of the length marked with x in each waterside green space patch.

  Returning to the flowchart of FIG. 2, in step S107, a process of drawing each habitat suitability index calculated in steps S104 to S106 on map data or the like in the evaluation target area is executed.

  Here, a specific example of the drawing process in step S107 will be described. In the following, an example of drawing the habitat suitability index for forest use biodiversity will be described, but it is possible to perform the same drawing for the habitat suitability index for grassland use biohabitat and the water habitat suitability index for waterside green areas. Will not be described.

  16 and 17 show an example of plotting the habitat suitability index on the map data. FIG. 16 shows an example in which the height of the forest-usable biohabitat suitability index calculated by the forest-usable biohabitat suitability index calculation process is color-coded and overlaid on the map data of the target area. According to such a drawing example, it is possible to visualize the analysis / evaluation results visually and quantitatively.

FIG. 17 color-codes the level of the forest use biohabitat suitability index calculated by the forest use biohabitat suitability index calculation process, and overlays it on the map data of the target area as a circle of 250 m (weighted distance range) An example of drawing together is shown. That is, FIG. 17 is a diagram in which the habitat aptitude index is high and low, and the living areas of small birds are superimposed. Note that the higher the Habitat suitability index is overwritten on the map data. According to such a drawing example, it is possible to visualize the life sphere of small birds together with the analysis / evaluation results in an easy-to-understand manner.

  In addition, the high and low values of the forest use biohabitat suitability index calculated by the forest use biohabitat suitability index calculation process are color-coded, and are displayed on the 3D map data of the target area as a circle of 250 m (weighted distance range). It is also possible to draw with overlapping. According to such a drawing example, it is possible to visualize the living area of small birds together with the analysis / evaluation results in an easy-to-understand manner.

  Returning to the flowchart of FIG. 2, the process ends in step S108.

  The ecosystem network evaluation method according to the present invention configured as described above and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method include a step of performing forest use biohabitat suitability index calculation processing, and grassland use biohabitat suitability index. A step of performing a calculation process, and a step of calculating a habitat aptitude index calculation process for waterside green space utilization organisms. According to this, the ease of inhabiting for each of a plurality of organisms having different habitability is integrated. It becomes possible to evaluate automatically.

  In addition, according to the ecosystem network evaluation method and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to the present invention, different patches are considered depending on the type of green space, and further important matters for the habitat of organisms other than breeding ( This makes it possible to conduct highly accurate ecosystem network evaluations, such as securing feeding grounds and hiding places from natural enemies.

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In another embodiment of the present invention, a part of the flowchart of FIG. 2 is changed, and this change will be described. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a flowchart of processing in a system for executing an ecosystem network evaluation method according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the ecosystem network evaluation method according to another embodiment, after the patch extraction process in step S101, a patch addition process is added as step S101 ′, and steps S108 and S109 are added. Thus, it is different from the previous embodiment, and the same processing is executed for the remaining points.

In the patch addition processing in step S101 ′, the forest patch Pt, the grassland patch Pg, and the waterside green patch Pw as data such as a greening plan (business plan) are manually added to any part of the evaluation target area. That is, step S101 ′ is a patch addition step of adding an arbitrary combination of patches including a forest patch, a grassland patch, and a waterside green patch in the target region as a greening plan. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of patches added by patch addition processing in the ecosystem network evaluation method according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the example in FIG. 19, forest patch Pt _n , grass patch P
An example is shown in which g _n is provided adjacent to the water area.

  In FIG. 18, after performing the patch addition process in step S101 ′, by executing the same process (steps S102 to S107) as in the previous embodiment, by adding the patch based on the greening plan data, It is possible to grasp how the system network changes.

In addition, by executing Step S108 and Step S109 after Step S101 to Step S107, the total habitability of all patches including the patches added by the revegetation plan data patch addition process (forest-use organisms, grassland-use organisms) In addition, it is possible to quantitatively evaluate how much the habitat aptitude index of the waterside green area use organisms × the sum of the patch areas) changes from the current state, and to compare and show a plurality of greening plans. In order to grasp the current total amount of habitability, it goes without saying that the flowchart of FIG. 18 is executed without performing the additional step of step S101 ′. Further, by performing the process of calculating the change amount of the habitat suitability within a range of 250 m, it becomes easier to evaluate and judge the business plan.

  FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of quantitative comparative evaluation before and after the project for a plurality of tree planting plans by executing Step S108 and Step S109. In order to perform the comparison as shown in FIG. 20, after performing the patch addition process of different patch combination patterns (plan A, plan B, plan C, etc.) as a tree planting plan, The utilization biohabitat suitability index calculation step (step S104), the grassland utilization biohabitat suitability index calculation step (step S105), and the waterside green space use biohabitat suitability index calculation step (step S106) are executed. This makes it possible to compare greening plans based on the respective patch combination patterns.

  In the ecosystem network evaluation method (system) according to another embodiment of the present invention, ecosystem network evaluation (connection of suitable habitats) is limited to a range of 250 m around the greening planned site (project planned site). It can also be evaluated as follows. According to this, evaluation judgment of a business plan becomes easier.

  The ecosystem network evaluation method and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to another embodiment of the present invention as described above are adapted to the habitat of forest-useable organisms after a patch is added based on the tree planting plan data. The index calculation processing step, the grassland utilization organism habitat suitability index calculation processing step, and the waterside green space utilization organism habitat suitability index calculation processing step are executed. According to this, when the revegetation plan is implemented, It is possible to comprehensively evaluate the ease of inhabiting for each of a plurality of organisms having different habitability.

  In addition, according to the ecosystem network evaluation method and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to another embodiment of the present invention, different patches are considered according to the type of green space, and further, the habitat of organisms other than breeding Important considerations (such as securing feeding grounds and hiding places from natural enemies) are taken into consideration, so it becomes possible to perform highly accurate ecosystem network evaluation when a greening plan is implemented.

  Moreover, according to the ecosystem network evaluation method and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to the present invention including the previous embodiment, the evaluation can be performed only by “remote sensing data (high resolution satellite data) + GIS data”. Therefore, analysis and evaluation can be performed quickly without the need for field surveys.

  In addition, according to the ecosystem network evaluation method and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to the present invention, it is possible to analyze and evaluate the current state and future state of the ecosystem network, and to analyze future changes and surrounding areas. Ecological ripple effect (network effect) can be grasped quantitatively (ecosystem contribution to the surrounding area can be clearly shown).

  Further, according to the ecosystem network evaluation method and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to the present invention, quantitative comparison between before and after the project can be easily performed. It is also possible to easily compare the business plan proposals, and it is possible to set a plan according to the purpose.

Further, according to the ecosystem network evaluation method and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to the present invention, the analysis / evaluation results are graphed / graphed in an easily understandable visual and quantitative comparison and evaluation form. Is output.

  Moreover, according to the ecosystem network evaluation method and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to the present invention, it is possible to evaluate the ecosystem network according to the type of the target organism.

  In addition, according to the ecosystem network evaluation method and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to the present invention, it is possible to perform relative evaluation for all green spaces distributed in the target area.

  In addition, according to the ecosystem network evaluation method and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to the present invention, it is possible to evaluate not only green “chains” but also “liveness aptitude” of indicator organisms with high accuracy. Can be evaluated.

  Further, according to the ecosystem network evaluation method and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to the present invention, it is possible to evaluate not only “forest” but also a complex environment including “grassland” and “waterside”. It becomes.

  Moreover, according to the ecosystem network evaluation method and the ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to the present invention, it is possible to quantitatively evaluate the ecosystem network effect for a plurality of greening plans in the target site. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... System bus, 11 ... CPU (Central Processing Unit), 12 ... RAM (Random Access Memory), 13 ... ROM (Read Only Memory), 14 ... Communication control part, 15. ..Input control unit, 16 ... output control unit, 17 ... external storage device control unit, 18 ... input unit, 19 ... output unit, 20 ... external storage device

Claims (9)

Extraction from remote sensing data of the target area to extract forest patches, which are land parcels covered by forests, grassland patches, which are land parcels covered by grassland, and waterside green patches, which are land parcels consisting of green areas existing on the waterside Process,
Corresponding to each forest patch, forest availability first suitability index calculated based on the area of each forest patch,
Corresponding to each forest patch, a forest availability second suitability index calculated based on the area of the forest patch within a predetermined distance from each forest patch,
A third suitability index for forest availability calculated based on the percentage of deciduous trees in each forest patch corresponding to each forest patch,
A forest that calculates a habitat aptitude index of a forest-usable organism corresponding to each forest patch from the forest availability first aptitude index, the forest availability second aptitude index, and the forest availability third aptitude index Utilization biohabitat aptitude index calculation process,
Corresponding to each grassland patch, a grassland availability first suitability index calculated based on the area of each grassland patch,
Corresponding to each grassland patch, a grassland availability second suitability index calculated based on the area of the grassland patch existing within a predetermined distance from each grassland patch;
Corresponding to each grassland patch, a grassland availability third suitability index calculated based on the length of each grassland patch in contact with the forest area,
Grassland for calculating a habitat suitability index of a grassland use organism corresponding to each grassland patch from the grassland availability first suitability index, the grassland useability second suitability index, and the grassland useability third suitability index Utilization biohabitat aptitude index calculation process,
Corresponding to each waterside green space patch, the waterside green space availability first suitability index calculated based on the area of each waterside green space patch,
Corresponding to each waterside green space patch, a waterside green space availability second suitability index calculated based on the area of the waterside green space patch existing within a predetermined distance from each waterside green space patch,
Corresponding to each waterside green space patch, the waterside green space availability third suitability index calculated based on the length of each waterside green space patch in contact with the water area,
The habitat suitability of the waterside greenery use organism corresponding to each waterside greenery patch from the waterside greenery availability first suitability index, the waterside greenery availability second suitability index, and the waterside greenery availability third suitability index. An ecosystem network evaluation method comprising: a waterside green space utilization habitat suitability index calculating step for calculating an index. Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a step in which the forest utilization in a different color level of biological Habitat suitability index calculating step forest utilization organisms Habitat suitability index calculated by, drawing superimposed on the map data of the target area Ecosystem network evaluation method described in 1. Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a step of the pasture utilization in a different color level of biological Habitat suitability index calculating step Pasture Utilization organisms Habitat suitability index calculated by, drawing superimposed on the map data of the target area Ecosystem network evaluation method described in 1. Claims, characterized in that it comprises a step of drawing the waterside green utilization in a different color level of biological Habitat suitability index calculating step waterside green utilizing organisms Habitat suitability index calculated by, superimposed on the map data of the target area Item 2. The ecosystem network evaluation method according to Item 1 . Extraction from remote sensing data of the target area to extract forest patches, which are land parcels covered by forests, grassland patches, which are land parcels covered by grassland, and waterside green patches, which are land parcels consisting of green areas existing on the waterside Process,
A patch addition process for adding a combination of arbitrary patches consisting of a forest patch, a grassland patch, and a waterside green patch in the target area as a greening plan,
Corresponding to each forest patch, forest availability first suitability index calculated based on the area of each forest patch,
Corresponding to each forest patch, a forest availability second suitability index calculated based on the area of the forest patch within a predetermined distance from each forest patch,
A third suitability index for forest availability calculated based on the percentage of deciduous trees in each forest patch corresponding to each forest patch,
A forest that calculates a habitat aptitude index of a forest-usable organism corresponding to each forest patch from the forest availability first aptitude index, the forest availability second aptitude index, and the forest availability third aptitude index Utilization biohabitat aptitude index calculation process,
Corresponding to each grassland patch, a grassland availability first suitability index calculated based on the area of each grassland patch,
Corresponding to each grassland patch, a grassland availability second suitability index calculated based on the area of the grassland patch existing within a predetermined distance from each grassland patch;
Corresponding to each grassland patch, a grassland availability third suitability index calculated based on the length of each grassland patch in contact with the forest area,
Grassland for calculating a habitat suitability index of a grassland use organism corresponding to each grassland patch from the grassland availability first suitability index, the grassland useability second suitability index, and the grassland useability third suitability index Utilization biohabitat aptitude index calculation process,
Corresponding to each waterside green space patch, the waterside green space availability first suitability index calculated based on the area of each waterside green space patch,
Corresponding to each waterside green space patch, a waterside green space availability second suitability index calculated based on the area of the waterside green space patch existing within a predetermined distance from each waterside green space patch,
Corresponding to each waterside green space patch, the waterside green space availability third suitability index calculated based on the length of each waterside green space patch in contact with the water area,
The habitat suitability of the waterside greenery use organism corresponding to each waterside greenery patch from the waterside greenery availability first suitability index, the waterside greenery availability second suitability index, and the waterside greenery availability third suitability index. An ecosystem network evaluation method comprising: a waterside green space utilization habitat suitability index calculating step for calculating an index. As a greening plan, after executing the patch addition process of different patch combination patterns, for each pattern,
The forest-use biohabitat suitability index calculation step,
Claims wherein the Pasture Utilization organism Habitat suitability index calculating step and the waterside green utilizing organisms Habitat suitability index calculation step, a run, based on the respective patch combination pattern, and comparing the greening plan to each other 5. The ecosystem network evaluation method according to 5. Without performing the patch addition step,
The forest-use biohabitat suitability index calculation step,
The habitat suitability index of the forest use organism, the grassland use organism and the waterside use organism calculated by executing the grassland use organism habitat suitability index calculating step and the waterside green space use biohabitat suitability index calculating step. A current habitat aptitude calculation process for calculating the current habitat aptitude from the sum of the patch area and product,
After performing the patch adding step,
The forest-use biohabitat suitability index calculation step,
The grassland use organism habitat suitability index calculating step;
The waterside green space utilization organism habitat suitability index calculating step is executed, and the sum of the calculated habitat suitability index, patch area and product of the forest utilization organism, grassland utilization organism and waterside green space utilization organism in the plan Planned habitat aptitude calculation process to calculate habitat aptitude,
The current total amount of habitability calculated in the current total amount of habitability calculation step;
6. The ecology according to claim 5 , further comprising: a habitat suitability total amount change calculating step for calculating a change amount between the plan habitat suitability total amount calculated in the planned habitat suitability total amount calculating step. Network evaluation method. The ecosystem network evaluation method according to claim 7 , wherein the habitat suitability total amount change calculation step is performed within a range of 250 m. An ecosystem network evaluation system using the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 .