JP5338826B2 - Electrophoretic display device, electrophoretic display device manufacturing method, and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrophoretic dispersion capable of preventing the aggregation of electrophoretic particles, an electrophoresis display device using the electrophoretic dispersion, a method for manufacturing the electrophoresis display device, and an electronic apparatus superior in display performance. <P>SOLUTION: The electrophoresis display device (electrophoresis display unit) 20 has a first substrate 1 equipped with a first electrode 3, a second substrate 2 equipped with a second electrode 4 opposite to the first electrode 3, and an electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10 provided between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2. The electrophoretic dispersion liquid (dispersion liquid for an electrophoresis display unit) 10 includes a liquid phase insulative dispersion medium 6 with electrophoretic particles dispersed therein, which are electrophoretically migrated by an effect of an electric field. In the present invention, as the electrophoretic particles, inorganic particles 5a and resin particles 5b colored with colors different from those of the inorganic particles 5a and further having electrostatic charge polarity opposite to that of the inorganic particles 5a are included. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electrophoretic display device, an electrophoretic display device manufacturing method, and an electronic apparatus.

In recent years, the development of portable information devices has been rapid. Thus, there is an increasing demand for low power consumption and thin display devices. Various developments have been attempted to meet these demands. Until now, liquid crystal display devices (liquid crystal display bodies) satisfied the demand.
However, in this liquid crystal display device, the visual burden due to the angle at which the screen is viewed, the difficulty in seeing characters due to reflected light, the flickering of the light source, etc. has not been sufficiently solved. For this reason, research on display devices with less visual burden has been actively conducted.

Reflective display devices are expected from the viewpoints of low power consumption and reduction of the burden on the eyes. As one of them, an electrophoretic display device (electrophoretic display body) is known.
The operating principle of this electrophoretic display device is shown in FIG. The electrophoretic display device 920 includes a substrate including charged electrophoretic particles 905, a colored insulating liquid (dispersion medium) 906 in which a dye is dissolved, and a pair of transparent electrodes 903 facing each other through the colored insulating liquid 906. 901.

By applying a voltage to the colored insulating liquid 906 via each transparent electrode 903, the charged electrophoretic particles 905 are attracted to the transparent electrode 903 having the opposite polarity.
The display in the electrophoretic display device 920 is performed by comparing the color of the electrophoretic particles 905 and the color of the colored insulating liquid 906. Moreover, desired information (image) can be displayed by making the transparent electrode 903 on one side into a desired shape.

  That is, when a voltage is applied so that each transparent electrode 903 has a predetermined polarity so that the white electrophoretic particles 905 are attracted to the transparent electrode 903 closer to the viewer, the viewer can see the colored insulating property. With the color of the liquid 906 as a background, white information of a desired shape can be observed. Further, when a voltage is applied to each transparent electrode 903 so as to be opposite to this, the electrophoretic particles 905 are attracted to the opposite electrode, and the viewer observes the color of the colored insulating liquid 906. Become.

The principle of a general electrophoretic display device 920 is as described above. In the electrophoretic display device 920 shown in FIG. 15, the colored insulating liquid 906 enters the gap between the electrophoretic particles 905 in the white display state. As a result, there is a problem that display contrast is lowered.
As an electrophoretic display device that solves this problem, an electrophoretic display device that uses two types of electrophoretic particles having different positive and negative colors (tones) and a colorless and transparent insulating liquid (for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document) 2) has been proposed.

However, in the electrophoretic display device described in JP-A-62-50886, since the pigment particles are used as the electrophoretic particles, the electrophoretic particles have irregular particle sizes, and are reliably dispersed in the insulating liquid. There are a problem that it cannot be performed and a problem that it is difficult to pulverize electrophoretic particles.
On the other hand, in the electrophoretic display device described in JP-A-8-510790, a surfactant is used for the purpose of imparting dispersibility and chargeability of the electrophoretic particles. There is a problem that the surfactants are entangled with each other, and as a result, electrophoresis of the electrophoretic particles in the insulating liquid becomes difficult.
In order to improve the aggregation of the two kinds of particles, a technique for treating the surface of one of the particles with a coupling agent is disclosed (for example, Patent Document 3).
However, the method described in Patent Document 3 has a problem that a sufficient aggregation suppressing effect cannot be obtained depending on the constituent materials and combinations of the two kinds of particles.

JP-A-62-50886 Japanese National Patent Publication No. 8-510790 JP 2001-56653 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide an electrophoretic display device using an electrophoretic dispersion capable of preventing aggregation of electrophoretic particles, a method for producing the same, and an electronic device having excellent display performance.

Such an object is achieved by the present invention described below.
The electrophoretic display device of the present invention includes a first substrate,
A second substrate facing the first substrate;
An electrophoretic dispersion liquid in which electrophoretic particles that are electrophoresed by applying an electric field are dispersed in an insulating liquid phase dispersion medium that is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate. A microcapsule encapsulating
A pair of electrodes for applying an electric field to the electrophoretic particles,
The electrophoretic particles include inorganic particles and resin particles,
The inorganic particles are subjected to a surface treatment for improving dispersibility in the liquid phase dispersion medium with a surface treatment agent,
When the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles is A and the average particle diameter of the resin particles is B, B / A satisfies the range of 1.5 to 200.
Thereby, aggregation with an inorganic particle and a resin particle can be prevented reliably.

In the electrophoretic display device of the present invention, the surface treatment agent preferably contains at least a silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent, an aluminum coupling agent, or a zirconium coupling agent.
Thereby, aggregation with an inorganic particle and a resin particle can be prevented reliably.
In the electrophoretic display device according to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that the resin particles are colored in a color different from the color of the inorganic particles and have a charging polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the inorganic particles.
Thereby, aggregation of electrophoretic particles can be prevented.

In the electrophoretic display device of the present invention, the microcapsule is formed on at least the first electrode formed on the first substrate or the adhesive formed on the second electrode formed on the second substrate. It is preferable that it is fixed by.
Thereby, the microcapsule can be easily and reliably arranged on the substrate.
In the electrophoretic display device of the present invention, the microcapsules are preferably fixed by curing the adhesive.
Thereby, a microcapsule can be arrange | positioned more easily and reliably on a board | substrate.

In the electrophoretic display device according to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that a binder material is supplied to the outer peripheral portion of the microcapsule between the first electrode and the second electrode.
Thereby, durability and reliability of the electrophoretic display device can be further improved.
The electrophoretic display device of the present invention preferably has a plurality of TFT elements arranged in a matrix.
Thereby, an electrophoretic display device with a faster response speed can be obtained.

In the electrophoretic display device of the present invention, a plurality of types of the microcapsules including the resin particles colored in different colors are provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, and each of the microcapsules is provided. Each capsule is preferably provided with at least one TFT element corresponding thereto.
Thereby, an electrophoretic display device excellent in display performance can be obtained.

An electronic apparatus according to the present invention includes the electrophoretic display device according to the present invention.
Thereby, an electronic device having excellent display performance can be obtained.
The manufacturing method of the electrophoretic display device of the present invention includes a first step of supplying an adhesive on the second electrode formed on the second substrate,
Supplying a microcapsule in which an electrophoretic dispersion obtained by dispersing electrophoretic particles that are electrophoresed by applying an electric field in an insulating liquid phase dispersion medium is supplied onto the second electrode; Process,
After the second step, a third step of curing the adhesive and fixing the microcapsule on the second electrode,
The electrophoretic particles include inorganic particles and resin particles,
The inorganic particles are subjected to a surface treatment for improving dispersibility in the liquid phase dispersion medium with a surface treatment agent,
When the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles is A and the average particle diameter of the resin particles is B, B / A satisfies the range of 1.5 to 200.
Thereby, an electrophoretic display device that reliably prevents aggregation of inorganic particles and resin particles can be obtained.

In the method for producing an electrophoretic display device of the present invention, the surface treatment agent preferably contains at least a silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent, an aluminum coupling agent, or a zirconium coupling agent.
Thereby, an electrophoretic display device that reliably prevents aggregation of inorganic particles and resin particles can be obtained.

In the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display device of the present invention, it is preferable that the resin particles are colored in a color different from the color of the inorganic particles and have a charging polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the inorganic particles.
Thereby, an electrophoretic display device that prevents aggregation of electrophoretic particles can be obtained.
In the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display device of the present invention, after the third step, a fourth substrate is bonded to the microcapsule formed on the second substrate using a binder material. It is preferable to further include a step.
As a result, an electrophoretic display device with improved durability and reliability of the electrophoretic display device can be obtained.

In the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display device of the present invention, the microcapsule has a plurality of predetermined types of microcapsules including the resin particles colored in a predetermined color,
It is preferable that the steps from the first step to the third step are repeatedly performed according to each of a plurality of predetermined types of microcapsules.
Thereby, a microcapsule can be arrange | positioned more easily and reliably on a board | substrate.

In the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display device according to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that a thin film transistor is formed on the second substrate and is electrically connected to the microcapsule through the second electrode.
Thereby, multicolor display becomes possible.
In the method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display device of the present invention, it is preferable that the first electrode is ITO.
Thereby, multicolor display becomes possible.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of an electrophoretic display device. It is a schematic diagram which shows the principle of operation of the electrophoretic display device shown in FIG. It is a perspective view (a part is shown) which shows 2nd Embodiment of an electrophoretic display apparatus. It is a figure which shows 1 process of the manufacturing process of the electrophoretic display device shown in FIG. It is a top view (a part is shown) which shows 3rd Embodiment of an electrophoretic display apparatus. It is a top view (a part is shown) which shows 4th Embodiment of an electrophoretic display apparatus. It is a top view (a part is shown) which shows 5th Embodiment of an electrophoretic display apparatus. It is a top view (a part is shown) which shows 6th Embodiment of an electrophoretic display apparatus. It is a top view (a part is shown) which shows 7th Embodiment of an electrophoretic display apparatus. It is a perspective view (a part is shown) which shows 8th Embodiment of the electrophoretic display device of this invention. It is a top view (a part is shown) which shows 9th Embodiment of the electrophoretic display device of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (a part is shown) which shows 10th Embodiment of the electrophoretic display device of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment at the time of applying the electronic device of this invention to electronic paper. It is a figure which shows embodiment at the time of applying the electronic device of this invention to a display. It is a figure (longitudinal sectional view) showing an operation principle of a conventional electrophoretic display device.

Hereinafter, an electrophoretic display device, an electrophoretic display device manufacturing method, and an electronic apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
<First Embodiment>
First, a first embodiment of an electrophoretic display device will be described.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the electrophoretic display device, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an operation principle of the electrophoretic display device shown in FIG.
In the following, for convenience of explanation, the upper side in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side will be described as “lower” or “lower”.
An electrophoretic display device (electrophoretic display body) 20 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a first substrate 1 including a first electrode 3 and a second substrate including a second electrode 4 facing the first electrode 3. 2 and an electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10 provided between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2. Hereinafter, the structure of each part is demonstrated sequentially.

The 1st board | substrate 1 and the 2nd board | substrate 2 are respectively comprised by the sheet-like (flat plate-shaped) member, and have a function which supports and protects each member distribute | arranged among these.
Each of the substrates 1 and 2 may be either flexible or hard, but is preferably flexible. By using the substrates 1 and 2 having flexibility, the electrophoretic display device 20 having flexibility, that is, for example, an electrophoretic display device 20 useful in constructing electronic paper can be obtained.

  When each of the substrates 1 and 2 is flexible, the constituent materials thereof include, for example, polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, modified polyolefins, and polyamides (example: Nylon 6, nylon 46, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 612, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 6-12, nylon 6-66), thermoplastic polyimide, aromatic polyester and other liquid crystal polymers, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, Polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyether, polyether ether ketone, polyether imide, polyacetal, styrene, polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyester, polyamide, Examples thereof include various types of thermoplastic elastomers such as rebutadiene, trans polyisoprene, fluoro rubber, and chlorinated polyethylene, or copolymers, blends, polymer alloys, etc. mainly composed of these. A seed or a mixture of two or more can be used.

  The thicknesses (average) of the substrates 1 and 2 are appropriately set depending on the constituent materials, applications, and the like, and are not particularly limited. However, when having flexibility, the thickness is about 20 to 500 μm. Preferably, it is about 25-250 micrometers. As a result, the electrophoretic display device 20 can be reduced in size (particularly thinner) while achieving harmony between the flexibility and strength of the electrophoretic display device 20.

The surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2 on the side of the electrophoretic dispersion 10 to be described later, that is, the lower surface of the first substrate 1 and the upper surface of the second substrate 2, respectively, are layered (film-like) first. An electrode 3 and a second electrode 4 are provided.
When a voltage is applied between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4, an electric field is generated between them, and this electric field acts on the electrophoretic particles in the electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10.

In the present embodiment, the first electrode 3 is a common electrode, the second electrode 4 is an individual electrode (pixel electrode) 4X divided in a matrix (matrix), and each of the first electrode 3 and each electrode A portion where the individual electrode 4X overlaps constitutes one pixel.
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, between the second electrode 4 and the second substrate 2, one TFT element (switching element) is provided corresponding to each individual electrode (driving electrode) 4X. 8 are arranged so as to be electrically connected. Thereby, it is designed so that a voltage can be applied independently between each individual electrode 4 </ b> X and the first electrode 3.
In the present embodiment, the individual electrodes 4X are arranged in a matrix, and correspondingly, the TFT elements 8 are also arranged in a matrix.
Note that the first electrode 3 may be divided into a plurality of parts in the same manner as the second electrode 4.

The constituent materials of the electrodes 3 and 4 are not particularly limited as long as they are substantially conductive. For example, copper, aluminum, nickel, cobalt, platinum, gold, silver, molybdenum, tantalum, or these Metal materials such as alloys containing carbon, carbon-based materials such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, poly (p-phenylene), poly (p-phenylenevinylene), polyfluorene, polycarbazole, In an electroconductive polymer material such as polysilane or a derivative thereof, a matrix resin such as polyvinyl alcohol, polycarbonate, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl carbazole, vinyl acetate, NaCl, LiClO ₄ , KCl, H ₂ O, L iCl, LiBr, LiI, LiNO ₃ , LiSCN, LiCF ₃ SO ₃ , NaBr, NaI, NaSCN, NaClO ₄ , NaCF ₃ SO ₃ , KI, KSCN, KClO ₄ , KCF ₃ SO ₃ , NH ₄ I, NH ₄ SCN, _{NH 4 ClO 4, NH 4 CF} 3 SO 3, MgCl 2, MgBr 2, MgI 2, Mg (NO 3) 2, MgSCN 2, Mg (CF 3 SO 3) 2, CaBr 2, CaI 2, CaSCN 2, Ca (ClO ₄ ) ₂ , Ca (CF ₃ SO ₃ ) ₂ , ZnCl ₂ , ZnI ₂ , ZnSCN ₂ , Zn (ClO ₄ ) ₂ , Zn (CF ₃ SO ₃ ) ₂ , CuCl ₂ , CuI ₂ , CuSCN ₂ , Cu Ionic conductivity in which ionic substances such as (ClO ₄ ) ₂ and Cu (CF ₃ SO ₃ ) ₂ are dispersed. Various conductive materials such as polymer materials, conductive oxide materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), tin oxide (SO ₂ ), indium oxide (IO) These can be used, and one or more of these can be used in combination.

In addition, as a constituent material of each electrode 3, 4, for example, a conductive material such as gold, silver, nickel, carbon, etc. in a non-conductive material such as glass material, rubber material, polymer material, etc. Various composite materials in which (conductive particles) are mixed to add conductivity can also be used.
Specific examples of such a composite material include, for example, a conductive rubber in which a conductive material is mixed in a rubber material, a conductive rubber in which an electrically conductive material is mixed in an adhesive composition such as epoxy, urethane, and acrylic. In matrix resin such as conductive adhesive or conductive paste, polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, ABS resin, nylon (polyamide), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyester, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin Examples thereof include a conductive resin mixed with a conductive material.

The thickness (average) of the electrodes 3 and 4 is appropriately set depending on the constituent material, application, etc., and is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.05 to 10 μm, preferably about 0.05 to 5 μm. It is more preferable that
Of the substrates 1 and 2 and the electrodes 3 and 4, the substrate and the electrodes (in the present embodiment, the first substrate 1 and the first electrode 3) disposed on the display surface side are respectively light transmissive. That is, it is preferably substantially transparent (colorless transparent, colored transparent or translucent). Thereby, the state of the electrophoretic particles in the electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10 described later, that is, the information (image) displayed on the electrophoretic display device 20 can be easily recognized visually.

Each of the electrodes 3 and 4 may have a multilayer structure in which a plurality of materials are sequentially stacked, for example, in addition to a single layer structure made of a single material as described above. That is, each of the electrodes 3 and 4 may have a single layer structure made of ITO, for example, or may have a two-layer structure of an ITO layer and a polyaniline layer.
In addition, the function of defining the distance between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 in the vicinity of the side portion of the electrophoretic display device 20. A spacer 7 is provided.

In the present embodiment, the spacer 7 is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the electrophoretic display device 20, and defines (forms) a sealed space 71 between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2. It also has a function as a seal member.
Examples of the constituent material of the spacer 7 include various resin materials such as epoxy resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, melamine resin, and phenol resin, and various ceramic materials such as silica, alumina, and titania. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The thickness (average) of the spacers 7, that is, the distance between the electrodes 3 and 4 (distance between the electrodes) is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 10 to 500 μm, and about 20 to 100 μm. Is more preferable.
The spacer 7 is not limited to the configuration provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the electrophoretic display device 20. For example, the plurality of spacers 7 are arranged in the vicinity of the side portion of the electrophoretic display device 20 at a predetermined interval. It may be. In this case, the gap between the spacers 7 may be sealed with another sealing material (sealing material).

The electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10 is stored (filled) in the sealed space 71 (the internal space of the cell configured by the pair of substrates and the spacers 7). Thus, the electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10 is in direct contact with the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4.
The electrophoretic dispersion liquid (electrophoretic display liquid dispersion liquid) 10 is obtained by dispersing electrophoretic particles that undergo electrophoresis by applying an electric field in an insulating liquid phase dispersion medium 6.

The electrophoretic particles include inorganic particles and resin particles that are colored in a color different from the color of the inorganic particles and have a charging polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the inorganic particles.
By using a combination of inorganic particles and resin particles as the electrophoretic particles, aggregation of the electrophoretic particles can be prevented.

In the present embodiment, two types of electrophoretic particles, white inorganic particles 5a and colored resin particles 5b, are used.
As the inorganic particles 5a and the resin particles 5b, any particles can be used as long as they have electric charges and can be electrophoresed in the liquid dispersion medium 6 by the action of an electric field. There is no limitation.

  Examples of the inorganic particles 5a include titanium oxide (titania), bitumen, ultramarine blue, phthalocyanine blue, chrome yellow, cadmium yellow, lithopone, molybdate orange, first yellow, benzimidazoline yellow, flavans yellow, naphthol yellow, benzimidazolone. Pigments such as orange, perinone orange, bengara, cadmium red, madareke, naphthol red, dioxazine violet, phthalocyanine blue, alkali blue, cerulean blue, emerald green, phthalocyanine green, pigment green, cobalt green, aniline black, etc. Various compounds such as zinc white, barium sulfate, chromium oxide, calcium carbonate, gypsum, lead white, carbon black and iron black can be used. .

Among these, the inorganic particles 5a are preferably composed mainly of titanium oxide. Such inorganic particles 5a mainly composed of titanium oxide are preferable because they have high whiteness and particularly low cohesiveness with the resin particles 5b.
Moreover, it is preferable that the inorganic particle 5a has a surface subjected to a treatment for improving the dispersibility with respect to the liquid phase dispersion medium 6. Thereby, the dispersibility to the liquid phase dispersion medium 6 of the inorganic particle 5a improves, As a result, aggregation with the resin particle 5b can be prevented more reliably.

As the surface treatment of the inorganic particles 5a, a treatment with a surface treatment agent such as a silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent, an aluminum coupling agent, or a zirconium coupling agent is suitable.
In particular, as the surface treatment agent, a titanate coupling agent (Ajinomoto Co., “KR TTS”) and an aluminum coupling agent (Ajinomoto Co., “AL-M”) are preferable.

On the other hand, as the resin particles 5b, for example, particles obtained by an emulsion polymerization method or the like can be used.
Examples of the resin material constituting the resin particle 5b include acrylic resin, urethane resin, urea resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin, polystyrene, polyester, divinylbenzene, and the like. Alternatively, two or more kinds can be used in combination.

Among these, as a resin material which comprises the resin particle 5b, what has an acrylic resin as a main component is preferable. By constituting the resin particles 5b mainly with an acrylic resin, aggregation with the inorganic particles 5a can be more reliably prevented.
In addition, the resin preferably has a polar group such as a hydroxyl group, an amino group, or a carboxyl group in its molecular structure. By introducing such a polar group, the polar group is introduced into the molecular structure of the resin and insolubilized in the solvent. As a result, the resistance of the resin particles 5b to the liquid phase dispersion medium 6 can be improved.
From this point of view, the polar group is preferably at least one of a hydroxyl group and an amino group, and particularly preferably an amino group.

In consideration of the above, the resin is preferably an acrylic resin having at least one of a hydroxyl group and an amino group as a polar group.
Such an acrylic resin can be obtained, for example, by copolymerizing an acrylic resin having a polar group and introducing the polar group into the acrylic resin. According to this method, an acrylic resin having a polar group can be obtained relatively easily and with a high yield.

In addition, the charging property in the liquid phase dispersion medium 6 of the resin particle 5b can be adjusted by setting the introduction amount of the polar group as appropriate.
The resin particles 5b are colored in any one of red, green, blue and black by mixing pigments such as dyes and pigments. Thus, the electrophoretic display device 20 can display the color of the inorganic particles 5a, the color of the resin particles 5b, and a mixed color thereof.

It is preferable that the average particle size of the inorganic particles 5a and the average particle size of the resin particles 5b satisfy the following relationship.
That is, when the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles 5a is A [μm] and the average particle diameter of the resin particles 5b is B [μm], it is preferable that B / A satisfies the relationship of 1.5 to 200, It is more preferable to satisfy the relationship of 5-50. Thereby, aggregation of the inorganic particles 5a and the resin particles 5b can be effectively prevented while suitably maintaining the dispersibility of the particles 5a and 5b in the liquid phase dispersion medium 6.

Specifically, the average particle size B of the resin particles 5b is preferably about 0.5 to 20 μm, and more preferably about 2 to 10 μm. By making the average particle diameter B of the resin particles 5b within the above range, the above effects are more suitably exhibited, and effects such as prevention of thickness reduction of the electrophoretic display device 20 and reduction in manufacturing efficiency are exhibited. The
In addition, when the surface treatment (adsorption of the surfactant to the surface of the inorganic particles 5a) of the inorganic particles 5a with a surfactant is performed, if the average particle size B of the resin particles 5b is too small, The inorganic particles 5a may enter the hydrophobic chain, and as a result, the inorganic particles 5a and the resin particles 5b may aggregate. However, even when the inorganic particles 5a are surface-treated with a surfactant, the inorganic particles 5a and the resin particles 5b can be obtained by setting the average particle size B of the resin particles 5b to 0.5 μm or more (particularly 2 μm or more). Can be effectively prevented from aggregating.

Also from this viewpoint, it is preferable to omit the surface treatment of the inorganic particles 5a with the surfactant.
On the other hand, the average particle size A of the inorganic particles 5a is preferably about 0.1 to 10 μm, more preferably about 0.1 to 7.5 μm, and particularly about 0.2 to 0.3 μm. Is preferred.

  The specific gravity of each particle 5a, 5b is preferably set to be approximately equal to the specific gravity of the liquid phase dispersion medium 6. Thereby, each particle 5a, 5b can stay in a fixed position in the liquid phase dispersion medium 6 for a long time even after the application of the voltage between the electrodes 3, 4 is stopped. That is, the information displayed on the electrophoretic display device 20 is held for a long time.

  For the liquid phase dispersion medium 6, an insulating liquid is used. Examples of such a liquid phase dispersion medium 6 include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, octanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and glycerin, cellosolves such as methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, and phenyl cellosolve, methyl acetate, Esters such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and ethyl formate, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone and cyclohexanone, and aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane and octane (paraffinic) Hydrocarbons), cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, hexylbenzene, hebutylbenzene, octylbenzene, nonylben , Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzenes (alkylbenzene derivatives) having a long-chain alkyl group such as decylbenzene, undecylbenzene, dodecylbenzene, tridecylbenzene, tetradecylbenzene, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride Halogenated hydrocarbons such as 1,2-dichloroethane, aromatic heterocycles such as pyridine, pyrazine, furan, pyrrole, thiophene and methylpyrrolidone, nitriles such as acetonitrile, propionitrile and acrylonitrile, N, N- Examples include amides such as dimethylformamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide, carboxylates, and other various oils, and these can be used alone or as a mixture.

Among these, as the liquid phase dispersion medium 6, alkylbenzene derivatives (particularly dodecylbenzene) are suitable. Alkylbenzene derivatives are preferred because their raw materials are relatively inexpensive and readily available, and are highly safe.
Further, in the liquid phase dispersion medium 6 (electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10), for example, particles such as an electrolyte, a surfactant, a metal soap, a resin material, a rubber material, oils, a varnish, and a compound are used as necessary. Various additives such as dispersants such as charge control agents, titanium coupling agents, aluminum coupling agents, and silane coupling agents, lubricants, and stabilizers may be added.

  Further, the liquid phase dispersion medium 6 includes an anthraquinone dye, azo dye, indigoid dye, triphenylmethane dye, pyrazolone dye, stilbene dye, diphenylmethane dye, xanthene dye, alizarin as necessary. Various dyes such as a dye, an acridine dye, a quinoneimine dye, a thiazole dye, a methine dye, a nitro dye, and a nitroso dye may be dissolved.

In such an electrophoretic display device 20, when the TFT element 8 is turned on, a voltage is applied between the individual electrode 4 </ b> X corresponding to the TFT element 8 in the ON state and the first electrode 3. At this time, according to the electric field generated between the individual electrode 4X and the first electrode 3, each particle 5a, 5b is electrophoresed toward one of the electrodes.
For example, in the case of using positively charged inorganic particles 5a and negatively charged resin particles 5b, assuming that the individual electrode 4X has a positive potential, as shown in FIG. It moves to the electrode 3 side and gathers on the first electrode 3, while the resin particles 5b move to the individual electrode 4X side and gather on the individual electrode 4X. For this reason, when the electrophoretic display device 20 is viewed from above (display surface side), the color of the inorganic particles 5a can be seen.

On the contrary, if the individual electrode 4X is set to a negative potential, as shown in FIG. 2B, the inorganic particles 5a move to the individual electrode 4X side and gather on the individual electrode 4X, while the resin particles 5 b moves to the first electrode 3 side and gathers on the first electrode 3. For this reason, when the electrophoretic display device 20 is viewed from above (display surface side), the color of the resin particles 5b can be seen.
Accordingly, the electrophoretic display device is set by appropriately setting the ON / OFF of each TFT element 8, that is, the application of voltage between each individual electrode 4X and the first electrode 3, the polarity of the individual electrode 4X, and the like. On the display surface side 20, desired information (image) is displayed by a combination of the color of the inorganic particles 5a and the color of the resin particles 5b.
Such an electrophoretic display device 20 is manufactured as follows, for example.

[A1] First, the first electrode 3 is formed on the first substrate 1, and the TFT element 8 and the individual electrode 4X (second electrode 4) are formed on the second substrate 2, respectively. Form using method.
[A2] Next, the first substrate 1 including the first electrode 3 and the second substrate 2 including the TFT element 8 and the individual electrode 4X are bonded via the spacer 7.
At this time, a through-hole for filling the electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10 in the sealed space 71 is formed in a part of the spacer 7.
[A3] Next, after the electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10 is filled in the sealed space 71 through the through hole, the through hole is sealed.
In the electrophoretic display device 20 as described above, aggregation of the inorganic particles 5a and the resin particles 5b is suitably prevented, and thus stable display performance is exhibited over a long period of time.

Second Embodiment
Next, a second embodiment of the electrophoretic display device will be described.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view (partially showing) a second embodiment of the electrophoretic display device, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing one process of manufacturing the electrophoretic display device shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, the first substrate and the first electrode are omitted.

Hereinafter, the electrophoretic display device of the second embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the first embodiment, and the description of the same matters will be omitted.
The electrophoretic display device 20 of the second embodiment is the same as the electrophoretic display device 20 of the first embodiment except that the electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10 is divided and arranged.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the second embodiment, each individual electrode 4 </ b> X has a hexagonal planar shape, and the partition wall 11 is erected along the edge of each individual electrode 4 </ b> X. Yes. Thereby, the partition wall 11 has a honeycomb shape as a whole.

In such a configuration, the spaces surrounded by the partition walls 11 (partitioned spaces) each constitute a cell space 12. Each cell space 12 is filled with the electrophoresis dispersion liquid 10 as described above. Thereby, the electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10 is divided.
As described above, one TFT element 8 is electrically connected to each individual electrode 4X. Therefore, one TFT element 8 is provided corresponding to each cell space 12.

Examples of the constituent material of the partition wall 11 include one or more of various resin materials (curable resins) such as epoxy resin, silicon resin, melamine resin, urea resin, acrylic resin, and phenol resin. Can be used in combination.
Further, the height of the partition wall 11 is set to be the interelectrode distance as described above.
In the second embodiment, one row of cell spaces 12 arranged obliquely is filled with an electrophoretic dispersion 10 containing resin particles 5b colored in the same color. Specifically, a row of cell spaces 12 filled with a red electrophoretic dispersion 10a, a green electrophoretic dispersion 10b, and a blue electrophoretic dispersion 10c is repeatedly provided in order.
With such a configuration, the electrophoretic display device 20 of the second embodiment can display desired information (image) in multiple colors (colors).
Such an electrophoretic display device 20 can be manufactured as follows, for example.

[B1] A step similar to the step [A1] is performed.
Next, the partition 11 is formed along the edge of each individual electrode 4X. The partition wall 11 can be formed by, for example, a method of curing a liquid containing a curable resin precursor after supplying various coating methods (inkjet method, printing method, etc.), a photolithography method, or the like.
Next, the electrophoresis dispersion liquid 10 is filled in a space (cell space 12) surrounded by the partition walls 11. Various methods can be used for filling the cell space 12 with the electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10, but it is preferable to use a dispenser method or an ink jet method. According to such a method, the cell space 12 can be filled with the electrophoretic dispersion 10 more easily and reliably.

  FIG. 4 shows a method of filling the electrophoretic dispersion 10 into the cell space 12 by the ink jet method. As shown in this figure, in the ink jet method, the electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10 (dispersion liquid ink for electrophoretic display device) is ejected as droplets from the tip of the nozzle 100 and landed on the individual electrodes 4X. By performing this discharge operation for each cell space 12 (each individual electrode 4X), each cell space 12 is filled with the electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10 (red 10a, green 10b, blue 10c).

[B2] Next, the first substrate 1 including the first electrode 3 and the second substrate 2 including the TFT element 8, the individual electrode 4X, the partition wall 11 and the electrophoretic dispersion 10 via the spacer 7 are provided. Join.
In the present embodiment, the partition 11 can be given the same function as the spacer 7. In this case, the spacer 7 may be omitted as necessary.
The electrophoretic display device 20 according to the second embodiment can obtain the same operations and effects as those of the first embodiment.

<Third Embodiment>
Next, a third embodiment of the electrophoretic display device will be described.
FIG. 5 is a plan view (partially showing) a third embodiment of the electrophoretic display device.
Hereinafter, the electrophoretic display device of the third embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the first and second embodiments, and description of similar matters will be omitted.

In the electrophoretic display device 20 of the third embodiment, the arrangement pattern of the electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10 is different, and the rest is the same as the electrophoretic display device 20 of the second embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 5, in the electrophoretic display device 20 of the third embodiment, the red electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10a, the green electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10b, and the blue electrophoretic liquid are placed in the three cell spaces 12 in contact with each other. Electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10c.
In this configuration, one pixel is configured by a combination of the three cell spaces 12.

In such an electrophoretic display device 20, when all of I: red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are in a display state, the pixel is black, and II: of red, green, and blue When one color is in the display state, the pixel is an individual color. III: When any two of red, green, and blue are in the display state, the pixel is a mixed color of them, and IV: all colors In the non-display state, when white particles (for example, titania particles) are used as the inorganic particles, the pixels are white. Thus, the electrophoretic display device 20 of the third embodiment can perform multicolor display.
The electrophoretic display device 20 according to the third embodiment can provide the same operations and effects as those of the first and second embodiments.

<Fourth embodiment>
Next, a fourth embodiment of the electrophoretic display device will be described.
FIG. 6 is a plan view (partially showing) a fourth embodiment of the electrophoretic display device.
Hereinafter, the electrophoretic display device of the fourth embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the first to third embodiments, and the description of the same matters will be omitted.

In the electrophoretic display device 20 of the fourth embodiment, four types of electrophoretic dispersions 10 are used, and the rest is the same as the electrophoretic display device 20 of the third embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 6, in the electrophoretic display device 20 of the fourth embodiment, the red electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10a, the green electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10b, and the blue electrophoretic liquid are placed in the four adjacent cell spaces 12, respectively. Electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10c and black electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10d.

In this configuration, one pixel is configured by a combination of the four cell spaces 12.
With this configuration, the electrophoretic display device 20 can make black in the displayed information (image) clearer.
The electrophoretic display device 20 according to the fourth embodiment can obtain the same operations and effects as those of the first to third embodiments.

<Fifth Embodiment>
Next, a fifth embodiment of the electrophoretic display device will be described.
FIG. 7 is a plan view (partially showing) a fifth embodiment of the electrophoretic display device.
Hereinafter, the electrophoretic display device of the fifth embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the first and second embodiments, and the description of the same matters will be omitted.

In the electrophoretic display device 20 of the fifth embodiment, the overall shape of the partition wall 11 is different, and other than that, it is the same as the electrophoretic display device 20 of the second embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 7, in the electrophoretic display device 20 of the fifth embodiment, the planar shape of each individual electrode 4X (cell space 12) is a square, and the overall shape of the partition wall 11 is a lattice shape.
In such a configuration, three continuous cell spaces 12 are filled with a red electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10a, a green electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10b, and a blue electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10c, respectively.
In this configuration, one pixel is configured by a combination of the three cell spaces 12.
The electrophoretic display device 20 according to the fifth embodiment can obtain the same operations and effects as those of the first and second embodiments.

<Sixth Embodiment>
Next, a sixth embodiment of the electrophoretic display device will be described.
FIG. 8 is a plan view (partially showing) a sixth embodiment of the electrophoretic display device.
Hereinafter, the electrophoretic display device according to the sixth embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the first, second, and fifth embodiments, and description of similar matters will be omitted.

In the electrophoretic display device 20 of the sixth embodiment, the overall shape of the partition wall 11 is different, and other than that is the same as the electrophoretic display device 20 of the fifth embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 8, in the electrophoretic display device 20 of the sixth embodiment, the planar shape of each individual electrode 4X (cell space 12) is a rectangle, and the overall shape of the partition wall 11 is a lattice shape.
Also by the electrophoretic display device 20 of the sixth embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the first, second and fifth embodiments can be obtained.

<Seventh embodiment>
Next, a seventh embodiment of the electrophoretic display device will be described.
FIG. 9 is a plan view (partially showing) a seventh embodiment of the electrophoretic display device.
Hereinafter, the electrophoretic display device according to the seventh embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the first, second, and fifth embodiments, and description of similar matters will be omitted.

The electrophoretic display device 20 of the seventh embodiment is the same as the electrophoretic display device 20 of the fifth embodiment, except that the structural unit of one pixel is different.
As shown in FIG. 9, in the electrophoretic display device 20 of the seventh embodiment, one pixel is configured by a combination of 3 vertical × 3 horizontal (9 total) cell spaces 12.
With this configuration, the electrophoretic display device 20 can display area gradations and can display four gradations per color, so that information (image) closer to full color can be displayed. .
The electrophoretic display device 20 according to the seventh embodiment can also obtain the same operations and effects as those of the first, second, and fifth embodiments.

<Eighth Embodiment>
Next, an eighth embodiment of the electrophoretic display device of the invention will be described.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view (partially showing) an eighth embodiment of the electrophoretic display device of the invention. In FIG. 10, the first substrate and the first electrode are omitted.
Hereinafter, the electrophoretic display device of the eighth embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the first and second embodiments, and the description of the same matters will be omitted.

The electrophoretic display device 20 of the eighth embodiment is the same as the electrophoretic display device 20 of the second embodiment except that the electrophoretic dispersion 10 is enclosed in a microcapsule 40.
As shown in FIG. 10, in the electrophoretic display device 20 of the eighth embodiment, a red microcapsule 40a enclosing a red electrophoretic dispersion 10a and a green encapsulating a green electrophoretic dispersion 10b. A row of blue microcapsules 40c in which the microcapsules 40b and blue electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10c are enclosed is repeatedly provided in order.

The constituent material of the microcapsule 40 (40a to 40c) is not particularly limited. For example, various materials such as a composite material of gum arabic and gelatin, urethane resin, melamine resin, urea resin, polyamide, and polyether. Examples of the resin material include one or two or more of them.
In addition, a method for producing the microcapsule 40 (a method for encapsulating the electrophoretic dispersion 10 in the microcapsule 40) is not particularly limited. Various microencapsulation methods such as a cervation method), an interfacial precipitation method, and a spray drying method can be used. The above microencapsulation method may be appropriately selected according to the constituent material of the microcapsule 40 and the like.

Such microcapsules 40 are preferably substantially uniform in size. Thereby, the electrophoretic display device 20 can exhibit more excellent display performance. The microcapsules 40 having a uniform size can be obtained by using, for example, a filtration method, a specific gravity difference class method, or the like.
The size (average particle diameter) of the microcapsules 40 is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably about 10 to 150 μm, and more preferably about 30 to 100 μm.

A binder material may be supplied to the outer periphery of the microcapsule 40 in the gap between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4.
This binder material is supplied, for example, for the purpose of fixing the microcapsule 40 or for the purpose of ensuring insulation between the electrodes 3 and 4. Thereby, durability and reliability of the electrophoretic display device 20 can be further improved.
As the binder material, a resin material that is excellent in affinity (adhesion) with each of the electrodes 3 and 4 and the microcapsules 40 and excellent in insulating properties is preferably used.

  Such a resin material is not particularly limited. For example, polyethylene, chlorinated polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, polypropylene, ABS resin, methyl methacrylate resin, chloride Vinyl resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer, vinyl chloride acrylate copolymer, vinyl chloride-methacrylic acid copolymer, vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, ethylene-vinyl Alcohol-vinyl chloride copolymer, propylene-vinyl chloride copolymer, vinylidene chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl formal, cellulose resin and other thermoplastic resins, polyamide resin, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyethylene tele Polymers such as tarate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyphenylene oxide, polysulfone, polyamideimide, polyaminobismaleimide, polyethersulfone, polyphenylenesulfone, polyarylate, grafted polyphenylene ether, polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide, polytetrafluoride Fluorine-based resins such as ethylene, polyfluorinated ethylene propylene, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkoxyethylene copolymer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytrifluoroethylene chloride, fluororubber, silicone -Based resins, silicone resins such as silicone rubber, etc., other examples include methacrylic acid-styrene copolymer, polybutylene, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer, It can be used singly or in combination of two or more of these.

The binder material is preferably set so that the dielectric constant thereof is substantially equal to the dielectric constant of the liquid phase dispersion medium 6. For this reason, it is preferable to add dielectric constant modifiers, such as alcohols, such as 1, 2- butanediol and 1, 4- butanediol, ketones, and carboxylate, in binder material.
Such an electrophoretic display device 20 is manufactured as follows, for example.

[C1] A step similar to the step [A1] is performed.
Next, after supplying the adhesive onto the target individual electrode 4X (second substrate 2), for example, by supplying the microcapsules 40a for red and curing the adhesive, the microcapsules 40a are It fixes to the individual electrode 4X. Thereby, the microcapsule 40a is electrically connected to the target TFT element 8.
This operation (step) is repeated a number of times according to the different color types (40b, 40c) of the microcapsule 40.
According to this method, the microcapsules 40 can be more easily and reliably arranged on the second substrate 2.

[C2] Next, the first substrate 1 including the first electrode 3 is laminated and bonded so that the first electrode 3 is in contact with the microcapsule 40.
The electrophoretic display device 20 of the eighth embodiment can also obtain the same operations and effects as those of the first and second embodiments.
In addition, you may make it apply the arrangement pattern of the said 3rd-7th embodiment to the arrangement pattern of the microcapsule 40 (40a, 40b, 40c).

<Ninth Embodiment>
Next, a ninth embodiment of the electrophoretic display device of the invention will be described.
FIG. 11 is a plan view (partially showing) a ninth embodiment of the electrophoretic display device of the invention.
Hereinafter, the electrophoretic display device according to the ninth embodiment will be described focusing on differences from the first, seventh, and eighth embodiments, and description of similar matters will be omitted.

In the electrophoretic display device 20 of the ninth embodiment, the microcapsules 40 are housed (accommodated) in the cell space 12, and other than that is the same as the electrophoretic display device 20 of the seventh and eighth embodiments.
That is, the electrophoretic display device 20 of the ninth embodiment is a combination of the configuration of the electrophoretic display device 20 of the seventh embodiment and the configuration of the electrophoretic display device 20 of the eighth embodiment.
With such a configuration, the microcapsules 40 can be arranged at more accurate positions.
Also by the electrophoretic display device 20 of the ninth embodiment, the same operation and effect as the first, seventh and eighth embodiments can be obtained.

<Tenth Embodiment>
Next, a tenth embodiment of the electrophoretic display device of the invention will be described.
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view (partially shown) showing the tenth embodiment of the electrophoretic display device of the invention.
Hereinafter, the electrophoretic display device of the tenth embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the first and eighth embodiments, and the description of the same matters will be omitted.

In the electrophoretic display device 20 of the tenth embodiment, one microcapsule 40 is arranged for two individual electrodes 4X, and the other configuration is the same as that of the electrophoretic display device 20 of the eighth embodiment.
In such an electrophoretic display device 20, as shown in FIG. 12, when the electrophoretic display device 20 is viewed from above (display surface side), the left microcapsule 40 is inorganic due to the combination of polarities of the individual electrodes 4X. The color (white color) of the particles 5a is the color (mixed color) in which the color of the inorganic particles 5a and the color of the resin particles 5b are mixed in the central microcapsule 40, and the color (colored) of the resin particles 5b in the right microcapsule 40. (Colored) will be visible.

With this configuration, the electrophoretic display device 20 can display a multi-tone image.
The electrophoretic display device 20 according to the tenth embodiment can provide the same operations and effects as those of the first and eighth embodiments.
The electrophoretic display device 20 as described above can be incorporated into various electronic devices. Hereinafter, the electronic apparatus of the present invention including the electrophoretic display device 20 will be described.

<< Electronic Paper >>
Next, an embodiment when the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to electronic paper will be described.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an embodiment when the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to electronic paper.
An electronic paper 600 shown in FIG. 13 includes a main body 601 composed of a rewritable sheet having the same texture and flexibility as paper, and a display unit 602.
In such an electronic paper 600, the display unit 602 includes the electrophoretic display device 20 as described above.

<< Display >>
Next, an embodiment when the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to a display will be described.
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the electronic apparatus of the present invention is applied to a display. 14A is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 14B is a plan view.
A display (display device) 800 shown in FIG. 14 includes a main body 801 and an electronic paper 600 that is detachably attached to the main body 801. The electronic paper 600 has the same configuration as described above, that is, the configuration shown in FIG.

  The main body 801 has an insertion port 805 into which the electronic paper 600 can be inserted on the side (right side in FIG. 14), and two pairs of conveying rollers 802a and 802b are provided inside. When the electronic paper 600 is inserted into the main body 801 through the insertion port 805, the electronic paper 600 is installed in the main body 801 in a state of being sandwiched between the pair of conveyance rollers 802a and 802b.

  A rectangular hole 803 is formed on the display surface side of the main body 801 (the front side in FIG. 14B), and a transparent glass plate 804 is fitted in the hole 803. . Thereby, the electronic paper 600 installed in the main body 801 can be viewed from the outside of the main body 801. That is, in the display 800, the display surface is configured by visually recognizing the electronic paper 600 installed in the main body 801 on the transparent glass plate 804.

In addition, a terminal portion 806 is provided at the leading end portion (left side in FIG. 14) of the electronic paper 600 in the insertion direction. A socket 807 to which the unit 806 is connected is provided. A controller 808 and an operation unit 809 are electrically connected to the socket 807.
In such a display 800, the electronic paper 600 is detachably installed on the main body 801, and can be carried and used while being detached from the main body 801.
In such a display 800, the electronic paper 600 is configured by the electrophoretic display device 20 as described above.

  Note that the electronic apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the application as described above. For example, a television, a digital still camera, a viewfinder type, a monitor direct-view type video tape recorder, a car navigation device, a pager, and an electronic notebook , Calculators, electronic newspapers, electronic books, electronic notebooks, word processors, personal computers, workstations, mobile phones, videophones, POS terminals, devices equipped with touch panels, etc. It is possible to apply the electrophoretic display device 20 of the present invention.

As described above, the electrophoretic display device, the method for manufacturing the electrophoretic display device, and the electronic apparatus of the present invention have been described based on the illustrated embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Moreover, the electrophoretic display device of the present invention may be a combination of any two or more configurations (features) of the eighth to tenth embodiments.
Further, in each of the above embodiments, a configuration in which a pair of electrodes are provided to face each other has been described. However, the electrophoretic display device of the present invention is applied to a configuration in which a pair of electrodes is provided on the same substrate. You can also.

Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described.
(Reference Example 1)
1. Preparation of electrophoretic dispersion liquid Red-dyed acrylic resin particles (manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd., “Chemisnow”) and titania particles (Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., “CR-90” treated with a surface treatment agent manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.) ") 8g was ultrasonically dispersed in 80mL of dodecylbenzene to prepare an electrophoretic dispersion for red.

Acrylic resin particles having an average particle diameter of 4 μm were used, and titania particles having an average particle diameter of 0.2 to 0.3 μm were used.
In the same manner, an electrophoretic dispersion for green and an electrophoretic dispersion for blue were prepared.
In addition, “Kemisnow” manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd. was used for the acrylic resin particles dyed in green, and “Kemisnow” manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd. was used for the acrylic resin particles dyed in blue.

2. Manufacture of electrophoretic display device First, a substrate (TFT glass substrate) having a thin film transistor element was obtained. This was produced by the same method as the TFT substrate used for the liquid crystal display.
Next, a resist material was applied on the TFT glass substrate, and a resist layer was formed through exposure and development processes. This resist layer was formed so as to have concave portions of a target partition wall pattern (lattice pattern shown in FIG. 7).

Next, a two-component curable silicone resin (“TSE3450 (A), TSE3450 (B)” manufactured by Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.) was supplied to the recess and cured. Thereafter, the resist layer was peeled and removed to form convex partition walls.
The partition walls were 30 μm in height, 10 μm in width, 100 μm in pitch, and spread in two dimensions.

Next, in the space (cell space) defined by the partition walls, an electrophoretic dispersion liquid for red, green, and blue is shown in FIG. 7 using an ink jet device (modifying a commercially available ink jet printer). Filled with placement pattern.
Next, a glass substrate with ITO on the entire surface was laminated on this, and the outer peripheral portion of the pair of substrates was sealed with an epoxy resin (“Aral Bond” manufactured by Ciba-Geigy Corporation) while applying a load. Thus, an electrophoretic display device was obtained.
When the terminal portion of the obtained electrophoretic display device was connected to a power source and driven, multi-color driving such as black, red, green, blue, and white could be performed. Moreover, these colors could be mixed and driven.

(Reference Example 2)
An electrophoretic display device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the shape of the partition walls was different and that four-color electrophoretic dispersions were used.
1. Preparation of Electrophoretic Dispersion Liquid In the same manner as in Example 1, a red electrophoretic dispersion liquid, a green electrophoretic dispersion liquid, a blue electrophoretic dispersion liquid, and a black electrophoretic dispersion liquid were prepared.
For the acrylic resin particles dyed black, “Chemisnow” manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd. was used.

2. Manufacture of electrophoretic display device The shape of the partition wall was formed in the honeycomb shape shown in FIG. 6, and electrophoretic dispersions for red, green, blue and black were filled in the arrangement pattern shown in FIG.
As a result, it was possible to obtain an electrophoretic display device that was more excellent in black display than Reference Example 1.

Example 1
1. Preparation of microcapsules
The electrophoretic dispersion prepared in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 was added to 60 mL of an aqueous solution in which 4 g of gelatin and 4 g of gum arabic were dissolved, and the mixture was stirred and encapsulated at 800 rpm.
Then, microcapsules corresponding to the respective colors were produced through processes such as PH treatment with acetic acid and sodium carbonate, crosslinking with formalin, and drying.

2. Manufacture of electrophoretic display device First, a substrate (TFT glass substrate) having a thin film transistor element was obtained. This was produced by the same method as the TFT substrate used for the liquid crystal display.
Each color microcapsule (same as in Example 2) had an average particle size of 50 to 60 μm.

Next, an aqueous adhesive was ejected onto the drive electrode (individual electrode) corresponding to the red color of the obtained TFT substrate by using an ink jet device (modifying a commercially available ink jet printer).
Next, after red microcapsules were dispersed (supplied) on the substrate, they were cured and adhesively fixed.
Next, the same steps as those described above were repeated, and the green microcapsules and the blue microcapsules were sequentially bonded and fixed onto the drive electrodes.

Next, a glass substrate with ITO on the entire surface was pasted onto the microcapsule using an emulsion-type binder (“Polon” manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.). Thus, an electrophoretic display device was obtained.
When the terminal portion of the obtained electrophoretic display device was connected to a power source and driven, multi-color driving such as black, red, green, blue, and white could be performed. Moreover, these colors could be mixed and driven.

(Example 2)
An electrophoretic display device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that four-color microcapsules prepared using the electrophoresis dispersion prepared in the same manner as in Reference Example 2 were used.
As a result, it was possible to obtain an electrophoretic display device that was more excellent in black display than Example 1.

(Reference Example 3)
Acrylic resin particles having a hydroxyl group introduced therein by copolymerization with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic resin particles used in Reference Example 2 so as to be 3 parts by weight of an acrylic monomer having a hydroxyl group (an acrylic resin having a hydroxyl group) An electrophoretic display device was produced in the same manner as in Reference Example 2 except that particles) were used.
As a result, an electrophoretic display device having a contrast superior to that of the electrophoretic display device (Example 2) using untreated acrylic resin particles was obtained.

(Example 3)
An electrophoretic display device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 2 except that acrylic resin particles having the same hydroxyl group as in Reference Example 3 were used.
As a result, an electrophoretic display device having a contrast superior to that of the electrophoretic display device (Example 2) using untreated acrylic resin particles was obtained.

(Reference Example 4)
Acrylic resin particles having an amino group (having an amino group) copolymerized to 3 parts by weight of an acrylic monomer having an amino group with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic resin particles used in Reference Example 2 above. An electrophoretic display device was produced in the same manner as in Reference Example 2 except that acrylic resin particles) were used.
As a result, an electrophoretic display device having a contrast superior to that of the electrophoretic display device using the untreated acrylic resin particles (Reference Example 2) was obtained.

Example 4
An electrophoretic display device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the same acrylic resin particles having an amino group as in Reference Example 4 were used.
As a result, an electrophoretic display device having a contrast superior to that of the electrophoretic display device (Example 2) using untreated acrylic resin particles was obtained.

(Example 5)
First, black microcapsules prepared in the same manner as in Example 4 and an emulsion adhesive (“Polon” manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) were mixed to prepare a microcapsule ink.
Next, this microcapsule ink was applied onto a polyethylene terephthalate film with ITO and dried at 90 ° C. for 10 minutes.
Next, the substrate on which the microcapsules were arranged and the TFT element substrate were laminated. Thus, an electrophoretic display device was obtained.
When the terminal portion of the obtained electrophoretic display device was connected to a power source and driven, monochrome driving such as black and white could be performed. Moreover, these colors could be mixed and driven.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... 1st board | substrate 2 ... 2nd board | substrate 3 ... 1st electrode 4 ... 2nd electrode 4X ... Individual electrode 5a ... Inorganic particle 5b ... Resin particle 6 ... Liquid phase dispersion medium 7 ... Spacer 71 ... Sealed space 8 ... TFT element 10 ... Electrophoretic dispersion liquid 10a ... Electrophoretic dispersion liquid for red 10b ... Electrophoretic dispersion liquid for green 10c ... Electrophoretic dispersion for blue Liquid 10d ... Electrophoretic dispersion liquid for black 20 ... Electrophoretic display device (electrophoretic display body) 11 ... Partition 12 ... Cell space 40 ... Microcapsule 40a ... Red microcapsule 40b ... Green Microcapsule 40c ... Blue microcapsule 100 ... Nozzle 600 ... Electronic paper 601 ... Main body 602 ... Display unit 800 ... Display 801 ... This Portion 802a, 802b ... Conveying roller pair 803 ... Hole 804 ... Transparent glass plate 805 ... Insertion slot 806 ... Terminal part 807 ... Socket 808 ... Controller 809 ... Operation part 901 ... Substrate 903 ... Transparent electrode 905 Electrophoretic particles 906 Colored insulating liquid 920 Electrophoretic display device

Claims (16)

A first substrate;
A second substrate facing the first substrate;
An electrophoretic dispersion liquid in which electrophoretic particles that are electrophoresed by applying an electric field are dispersed in an insulating liquid phase dispersion medium that is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate. A microcapsule encapsulating
A pair of electrodes for applying an electric field to the electrophoretic particles,
The electrophoretic particles include inorganic particles and resin particles,
The inorganic particles are subjected to a surface treatment for improving dispersibility in the liquid phase dispersion medium with a surface treatment agent,
An electrophoretic display device wherein B / A satisfies a range of 1.5 to 200, where A is an average particle size of the inorganic particles and B is an average particle size of the resin particles.   The electrophoretic display device according to claim 1, wherein the surface treatment agent includes at least a silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent, an aluminum coupling agent, or a zirconium coupling agent.   The electrophoretic display device according to claim 1, wherein the resin particles are colored in a color different from the color of the inorganic particles and have a charging polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the inorganic particles.   2. The microcapsule is fixed by an adhesive formed on at least a first electrode formed on the first substrate or a second electrode formed on the second substrate. 4. The electrophoretic display device according to any one of 3.   The electrophoretic display device according to claim 4, wherein the microcapsule is fixed by curing the adhesive.   The electrophoretic display device according to claim 1, wherein a binder material is supplied to an outer peripheral portion of the microcapsule between the first electrode and the second electrode.   The electrophoretic display device according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of TFT elements arranged in a matrix.   A plurality of types of the microcapsules including the resin particles colored in different colors are provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, and each of the microcapsules has at least one The electrophoretic display device according to claim 7, wherein the TFT elements are provided correspondingly.   An electronic apparatus comprising the electrophoretic display device according to claim 1. A first step of supplying an adhesive on the second electrode formed on the second substrate;
Supplying a microcapsule in which an electrophoretic dispersion obtained by dispersing electrophoretic particles that are electrophoresed by applying an electric field in an insulating liquid phase dispersion medium is supplied onto the second electrode; Process,
After the second step, a third step of curing the adhesive and fixing the microcapsule on the second electrode,
The electrophoretic particles include inorganic particles and resin particles,
The inorganic particles are subjected to a surface treatment for improving dispersibility in the liquid phase dispersion medium with a surface treatment agent,
B / A satisfies the range of 1.5 to 200, where A is the average particle size of the inorganic particles and B is the average particle size of the resin particles. Method.   The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display device according to claim 10, wherein the surface treatment agent includes at least a silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent, an aluminum coupling agent, or a zirconium coupling agent.   The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display device according to claim 10, wherein the resin particles are colored in a color different from the color of the inorganic particles and have a charging polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the inorganic particles.   The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, further comprising a fourth step of bonding the first substrate onto the microcapsules formed on the second substrate using a binder material after the third step. A method for producing an electrophoretic display device according to claim 1. The microcapsule has a plurality of predetermined types of microcapsules including the resin particles colored in a predetermined color,
14. The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display device according to claim 10, wherein the steps from the first step to the third step are repeated according to each of a plurality of predetermined types of microcapsules.   The method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display device according to claim 10, wherein a thin film transistor is formed on the second substrate and is electrically connected to the microcapsule via the second electrode. .   The method of manufacturing an electrophoretic display device according to claim 10, wherein the first electrode is ITO.

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