JP5337980B2 - Frequency division multiplexing wireless network system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To newly structure a wireless network system capable of high-speed hopping by dealing with congestion. <P>SOLUTION: The wireless network is structured with a coordinator C and access points AP which are a plurality of fixed nodes managed by the coordinator C. In the network structure, there are two or more access points AP in a receivable area of transmission from one access points AP, and the above two or more access points AP whose receivable areas are overlappable are fixed to the values in such a way that node identifications such as addresses and IDs are differentiated and receiving frequency channels are different. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a frequency division multiplex type radio network system in which hopping and the like in a radio network such as a personal area network are speeded up.

Recently, one of personal area networks (hereinafter abbreviated as “PAN”) that enables short-range wireless communication is compliant with IEEE 802.15.4 as introduced in Patent Document 1. What is called Zigbee is known.
In this network system, a large number of nodes are usually connected wirelessly under a coordinator that manages the entire network. In the Zigbee protocol, for example, communication is performed by designating the address of the other party in communication between nodes, so that it is possible to distinguish whether the communication is for the same reception frequency or not. Therefore, a plurality of networks can exist in one frequency channel, and even if a plurality of nodes exist in the same network, it is possible to communicate with a target partner.
JP 2005-136984 A

  By the way, if at least a part of the configuration is such that nodes are arranged to form a tree topology to be fixed nodes, and hopping between the fixed nodes is performed so that data is delivered to the coordinator, fixed adjacent along the tree The nodes need to be arranged at a distance that allows reliable communication.

  In this case, the communication distance changes due to the environment such as temperature and humidity and the influence of obstacles, so it is possible to communicate with adjacent fixed nodes reliably while other fixed nodes (for example, one fixed skipped node or immediately after branching) It is impossible to arrange so that communication never reaches the fixed nodes). Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 12A, when communication is performed from the fixed node N1 to the fixed node N2, the fixed node N3 not addressed to itself may receive the communication. In this case, congestion occurs in the fixed node N3. This is an obstacle to high-speed data transfer.

  For example, when the mobile node is configured to be ad hoc with respect to the fixed node, the adjacent fixed nodes can communicate with each other. Therefore, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 12B, the mobile node N11 includes a plurality of fixed nodes. There is certainly a point where communication is possible simultaneously with N12 and N13. For example, when communication is performed from the mobile node N11 to the fixed node N12, congestion occurs even if the fixed node N13 receives communication that is not addressed to itself, and in this case, it is difficult to transfer data at high speed.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems, and provides a new wireless network system capable of high-speed hopping and high-speed ad hoc by taking measures against congestion, and uses such a system. The purpose is to improve the reliability of communication effectively.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention takes the following measures.

That is, in the frequency division multiplexing wireless network system of the present invention, a coordinator and a plurality of fixed nodes managed by the coordinator constitute a tree topology type wireless network and are adjacent to a receivable range for transmission from one fixed node. In addition to the fixed node, two fixed nodes adjacent to the adjacent fixed node can be included. At least the fixed nodes adjacent to each other in the upstream and downstream relations along the tree are identified by an address or ID. Along with the difference, the reception frequency channel is also fixed to a different value so that the coverage of at least some of the fixed nodes steadily extends to the second fixed node along a predetermined path upstream or downstream of the tree. It should be determined that communication with an adjacent fixed node is not possible. When the condition is satisfied, the node identification and reception frequency channel is set to be switched to that of the second fixed node further adjacent to the adjacent fixed node along the predetermined path. Features. The term “fixed” here means that it does not change at least during operation of the system. The same applies hereinafter.

With this configuration, in order to perform multi-hop between nodes, when performing transmission in which a node identification and a reception frequency channel are specified from one fixed node to an adjacent fixed node as a destination, two from one fixed node. Even if the previous fixed node is within the receivable range, since the transmission is not addressed to itself and the frequency channel is different, the reception itself is not performed at the fixed node. For this reason, it is possible to effectively avoid the occurrence of congestion in a fixed node not addressed to itself when multihopping .

In addition, the coverage area of at least some of the fixed nodes is set so as to steadily extend to a fixed node of the next two points along a predetermined path upstream or downstream of the tree. When the condition that should be determined in advance that communication is impossible is satisfied, the node identification and the reception frequency channel are set to switch to those of the two fixed nodes further adjacent to the adjacent fixed node. Therefore, even when the fixed node does not respond, the reliability of the multi-hop function along the tree can be effectively increased.

  Considering that congestion is likely to occur especially in locations where fixed nodes are concentrated or where the distance between fixed nodes is short, fixed nodes are arranged at the branch points and upstream and downstream of the branches of the tree. It is desirable to fix the reception frequency channel to a different value as well as the difference in node identification among the fixed nodes. Since the branch point is also a confluence when viewed in reverse, the junction mentioned in this specification includes the confluence.

  In order to extend the range where congestion can be avoided without difficulty, it is preferable that at least three consecutive fixed nodes along the tree are set to different reception frequency channels.

  When the mobile node further includes a mobile node capable of ad hoc with respect to the fixed node, and there can be two or more fixed nodes in the reception range for transmission from one mobile node, the mobile node moves from the fixed node to the adjacent fixed node. It is desirable that the communication frequency channel is switched together with node identification every time an ad hoc destination is changed.

  With this configuration, when transmission is performed with a node identification and a reception frequency channel specified with one of two or more fixed nodes within a receivable range from one mobile node as a destination, the fixed address that is not addressed to itself is fixed. Since the nodes have different frequency channels, reception is not performed. For this reason, when the ad hoc destination is switched, the fixed node of the ad hoc source receives this again to cause congestion, and it is effectively avoided that the second access point AP receives this and causes congestion. be able to.

  In this case, in order to quickly switch the ad hoc destination, communication information such as node identification and reception frequency channel necessary for communication with the adjacent fixed node is stored in advance in the fixed node. It is preferable that communication information regarding an adjacent fixed node is received from the fixed node when ad hoc is performed on the fixed node, and ad hoc to the adjacent fixed node is realized at the destination based on the communication information.

The frequency division multiplexing wireless network system according to the present invention forms a tree topology wireless network by a coordinator and a plurality of fixed nodes managed by the coordinator, and is adjacent to a receivable range for transmission from one fixed node. In addition to a fixed node, two fixed nodes adjacent to the adjacent fixed node may be included.
At least fixed nodes adjacent to each other in the upstream and downstream relationships along the tree are fixed to different values as well as different node identifications such as addresses and IDs. And there are two or more fixed nodes in the receivable range for transmission from one mobile node, and node information necessary for communication with adjacent fixed nodes and communication information such as reception frequency channel are stored in advance in the fixed node. When a mobile node ad hoc to one fixed node, it receives communication information related to the adjacent fixed node from the fixed node, and changes the ad hoc destination from the fixed node to the adjacent fixed node based on the communication information. Ad hoc to adjacent fixed nodes by switching communication frequency channels together with node identification. In order to function as a reception fixed node when the mobile node first ad hoc, a part of the fixed node has a unique communication such as node identification, frequency channel, etc. Conditions are set in advance, and the mobile node has pre-stored unique communication information for communicating with the fixed reception node, and the mobile node stores the unique communication information at the initial ad hoc of the mobile node. It is configured to take out and make a communication request to the reception fixed node based on this .

With this configuration, when transmission is performed with a node identification and a reception frequency channel specified with one of two or more fixed nodes within a receivable range from one mobile node as a destination, the fixed address that is not addressed to itself is fixed. Since the nodes have different frequency channels, reception is not performed. For this reason, when the ad hoc destination is switched, the fixed node of the ad hoc source receives this again to cause congestion, and it is effectively avoided that the second access point AP receives this and causes congestion. be able to.

In addition, communication information such as node identification and reception frequency channel necessary for communication with the adjacent fixed node is stored in advance in the fixed node, and when the mobile node is ad hoc to one fixed node, the fixed information is fixed from the fixed node. Since the communication information regarding the node is received and the ad hoc to the adjacent fixed node is realized at the movement destination based on the communication information, the ad hoc destination can be switched quickly.

In addition, when the communication information of the next fixed node is given by such a relay, since information on the case of ad hoc to the fixed node first cannot be held, some of the fixed nodes are ad hoc by the mobile node first. Specific communication conditions such as node identification and frequency channel are set in advance in the reception fixed node in order to function as a reception fixed node at the same time, and the mobile node has a unique communication with the reception fixed node. The communication information is stored in advance, and at the time of initial ad hoc of the mobile node, the mobile node takes out the specific communication information and makes a communication request to the reception fixed node based on this .

In order to effectively improve the reliability of the ad hoc function even when the fixed node does not respond, when the mobile node ad hoc to one fixed node, the mobile node is adjacent to the adjacent fixed node together with the adjacent fixed node. When communication information related to a fixed node ahead is received and a condition for determining that communication with an adjacent fixed node is not possible is satisfied, a node identification and a reception frequency channel are further transmitted to the adjacent fixed node. It is desirable to set so as to switch to the two adjacent fixed nodes.

  In this case, in order to make it possible to realize initial ad hoc from an appropriate location, it is desirable that a plurality of reception fixed nodes are scattered along the tree, and common communication conditions are set for these fixed nodes.

  In order to enable the communication to be effectively recovered even when the fixed node is removed from the network and is in a so-called lost state, the mobile node determines that the communication based on the received communication information is not possible. It is preferable that the ad hoc destination is switched to the reception-use fixed node when the condition to be determined is satisfied.

  As a preferred application example of the present invention, a fixed node is arranged along a school commute, a mobile node is carried or attached to a child, and each time a mobile node is ad hoc to a fixed node, Examples include data configured to transmit node identification data to the coordinator.

  According to this, data related to whereabouts at the time of attending school can be effectively collected by the coordinator through multi-hop between fixed nodes, and the multi-hop can also be performed at high speed while avoiding congestion, so that school children are crowded at the time of attending school. Even if it does, it becomes possible to secure communication and to effectively enhance the child monitoring function and the like.

  In order to easily realize the above network, a device that is set to a predetermined reception frequency channel from among four or more types of reception frequency channels is configured as a fixed node, or a mobile node is connected to a fixed node. It is desirable to configure the device so that it has at least four types of frequency channels for communication and can communicate with a fixed node while switching the frequency channels.

  Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, it suitably eliminates or reduces congestion problems that occur during multihop between fixed nodes and ad hoc from a mobile node to a fixed node, thereby enabling hopping and ad hoc. A new and useful frequency division multiplexing wireless network system that enables the establishment of a network with reduced traffic congestion and that effectively improves the reliability of communication through securing the communication state under such a system configuration. Can be provided.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  This embodiment is applied to an elementary school commuting path and aims to manage the movement of a child with a school management server through a node and a coordinator in order to confirm the safety of the child.

For this purpose, the frequency division multiplexing wireless network system of the present embodiment is based on IE EE 80 2.1.
5.4 In accordance with the standard specifications, as shown in FIG. 1, a large number of nodes are connected wirelessly under a single coordinator C that manages the entire network NW.
to Peer WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Network). The node has a large number of access point APs (AP100, AP101, AP102, AP103...) As relay nodes necessary for multihop to the coordinator C, and a large number of movements that can be ad hoc to these access points AP The role is shared with the end device ED as a node. Hereinafter, the term “node” refers to both the access point AP and the end device ED.

  The coordinator C, nodes AP, and ED communicate the communication information including the node identification such as an address and ID necessary for communication and the reception frequency channel, etc. when performing communication management after executing the activation sequence (activation function) with the communication partner. It is necessary to hold each other.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, communication conditions and communication information including at least a node identification such as an address and an ID and a reception frequency channel are given in advance to each node AP and ED including the coordinator C, whereby the node AP, In addition to establishing a posture that allows EDs to participate in the network NW, and by devising the communication conditions and how to provide the communication information, it is possible to perform multihop and ad hoc at high speed while avoiding congestion.

Hereinafter, specific description will be given with reference to the drawings.
2 to 4 functionally illustrate the resources of the coordinator C, the access point AP, and the end device ED.

A device 1 to be a coordinator C shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is arranged in a school. In this network, there is only one coordinator C and I E E E 80
2.1 5.4 Various programs, data, and PAN necessary for network management as a PAN coordinator in accordance with standard specifications
Mainly a storage unit 11 composed of various RAMs, ROMs, and the like in which IDs are stored, and a microprocessor that calls modules (parts of programs or programs) and data from the storage unit 11 and executes predetermined sequence processing, etc. And a transmission / reception unit 13 serving as an interface for transmission / reception with the outside. At the time of activation, the control unit 12 calls the activation module (activation function) 1a stored in the storage unit 11. Then, the communication management module 1b for managing communication with the nodes AP and ED is started up after activation. The coordinator C, access point AP, and end device ED of this embodiment are preset with fixed node identification and reception frequency channels, and necessary communication information including node identification and reception frequency channels for each node AP and ED. Is stored in advance in the storage unit 11 of the device 1 constituting the coordinator C. When the control unit 12 performs a communication operation based on the communication management module 1b, communication information such as the node identification of the corresponding device and the reception frequency channel is extracted. For this reason, the control unit 12 can immediately establish a communicable state with the target nodes AP and ED only by executing the communication management module 1b.

  Such a communication management module 1b is usually incorporated in a protocol stack portion for a data link layer, a network layer, and a transport layer, which are located in a relatively lower layer of the OSI reference model. Here, the communication management module 1b is described in what is generally called an application programming interface or the like. The same applies to the communication modules 2b and 3b in the access point AP and end device ED described later.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a management server SV is connected to the coordinator C via a telecommunication network such as Ethernet (registered trademark) E, and various settings, operations, and management for the coordinator C and nodes AP and ED are performed. To be able to do that. The server SV has general hardware resources for that purpose.

  On the other hand, the access point AP shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 can always hop between at least adjacent access points AP and AP so as to form a cluster tree topology with respect to the coordinator C and based on the electric field strength. Arranged at a possible distance. The tree is set so as to extend radially from the school along the school route of the child. In the figure, one tree extends from the coordinator C, but the number of trees is not limited, and there may naturally be a branch point in the middle as shown. Particularly in recent years, school routes are often limited and patterned from the viewpoint of crime prevention, and the root of the tree along the school route is relatively easy to establish.

The device 2 serving as the access point AP is a memory composed of various RAMs and ROMs storing various programs and data necessary for the relay function according to the IEEE 802.1 5.4 standard specifications. A control unit 22 mainly composed of a microprocessor that calls a program or data from the storage unit 21 and executes predetermined sequence processing and the like, and a transmission / reception unit 23 serving as an interface for transmission / reception with the outside. At the time of activation, the control unit 22 calls the activation module 2a (activation function) stored in the storage unit 21. And the communication module 2b for starting communication with the coordinator C is started after starting. The device 2 constituting the access point AP of this embodiment is configured to identify the address of the coordinator C, the device ID, and the like in addition to the communication conditions such as the node identification of the device and the reception frequency channel set in advance.
Communication information such as network identification such as ID is stored in the storage unit 21. And when the control part 22 performs communication operation based on the communication module 2b, the communication information is taken out. Thereby, the control unit 22 can immediately establish a communicable state with the coordinator C only by executing the communication module 2b.

  The access point AP not only transmits / receives its own message, but also includes a relay module 2c in the storage unit 21 for relay transfer of messages from other nodes AP and ED. In the relay module 2c of this embodiment, data originating from the other nodes AP and ED is upstream, that is, in a direction toward the coordinator C, and data originating from the coordinator C is always downstream, that is, away from the coordinator C. Each has a relaying sequence. For this purpose, at least each access point AP stores in advance communication information such as node identification and reception frequency channel regarding adjacent access points AP located upstream and downstream.

The relay module 2c includes a sequence related to communication when the end device ED is ad hoc. In this embodiment, the relay module 2c performs an operation of delivering the communication information related to the adjacent access point AP to the end device ED. This will be described below after describing the configuration of the end device ED. I
In the E E E 80 2.1 5.4 standard specification, 16 channels are prepared as frequency channels, and a reception frequency channel is set for each access point AP. This will also be described later.

  Further, in this embodiment, among the multiple access points AP shown in FIG. 1, the access point AP (AP100, AP104, AP118, AP128) surrounded by the double line is ad hoced first by the end device ED. It is set as the reception access point APx. Hereinafter, when simply referred to as an access point AP, a reception access point APx is also included. The reception access points APx are installed so as to be intermittently scattered in a tree composed of a large number of access points AP, and the access point APx (AP 100) at the most upstream of the tree is arranged at the school gate. That is, in the reception access point APx, among the relay functions described above, communication conditions such as node identification and reception frequency channel when ad hoc the end device ED are set as eigenvalues different from those of other general access points AP. It is set. This communication condition is common to all reception access points APx in the present embodiment. This will also be described below after describing the configuration of the end device.

  The end device ED shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 is used by being carried by a child or attached to a bag or the like.

The device 3 serving as the end device ED has various RAMs and ROMs in which various programs and data necessary for the device 3 are stored in order to play a role as an end device according to the IEEE 802.1 5.4 standard specification. A storage unit 31, a control unit 32 mainly composed of a microprocessor that calls programs and data from the storage unit 31 and executes predetermined sequence processing, and a transmission / reception unit 33 serving as an interface for transmission / reception with the outside. It has. At the time of activation, the control unit 32 calls the activation module (activation function) 3a stored in the storage unit 31. And the communication module 3b for starting communication with the coordinator C is started after starting. The device 3 constituting the end device ED of this embodiment has the ID and PAN of the coordinator C in addition to its own node identification and reception frequency channel set in advance.
Communication information necessary for communicating with the coordinator C such as network identification such as ID is stored in the storage unit 31. Then, when the communication module 3b performs the communication operation, the frequency channel and the node identification are taken out.

  The communication module 3b includes a module portion that executes a sequence necessary for ad hoc to the access point AP. The ad hoc procedure includes a sequence for first ad hoc to the reception access point AP 100 in FIG. 1 and a sequence for switching the ad hoc destination from the access point AP to an access point AP (for example, AP 100 → AP 101 → AP 102). It is out. In preparation for the former case, the end device ED has communication information corresponding to the communication conditions such as the specific node identification and the reception frequency channel described above as specific communication information for communication with the reception access point APx. It is stored in the storage unit 31 in advance. When the control unit 32 performs a communication operation based on the communication module 3b, unique communication information regarding node identification, reception frequency channel, and the like is extracted. For this reason, the control unit 32 can establish a communicable state with the coordinator C by ad hoc immediately to the reception access point APx simply by calling the communication module 3b. This end device ED can communicate only with the access point AP or the coordinator C, and does not have a communication function between the end devices ED.

  FIG. 5 schematically shows a startup procedure of the end device ED. When starting, the control unit 32 calls the activation module 3a (step S01), and then calls the communication module 3b (step S02). At this point, the device enters a state where it participates in WPAN, and is in a communicable state, that is, an activation end. The activation operation of the access point AP is basically the same.

  The end device ED of this embodiment includes a vibration detection unit 34 to be activated by vibration as shown in FIG. 4, and the control unit 32 enters the activation sequence upon receiving a detection signal from the vibration detection unit 34. In addition, the sleep state is set when the detection signal from the vibration detection unit 34 is interrupted for a predetermined time or more.

  FIG. 6 shows a sequence based on the above configuration, in which the end device ED ad hoc to the access point AP after activation and switches the ad hoc destination one after another.

  First, the control unit 32 of the end device ED detects a vibration and executes an activation sequence (step S1). This includes calling the activation module 3a and starting the communication module 3b. Next, the frequency channel and node identification, which are unique communication information of the accepting access point APx, are extracted from the storage unit 31, and a data request is made based on this to wait for the return of Ack (step S2). The requested data is the reception frequency channel and node identification of the next adjacent access point AP. When the Ack wait timeout is reached, the data request is made again.

  When Ack is returned, an ad hoc state is set (step S3), and the reception frequency channel and node identification of the adjacent access point AP to be communicated next are transmitted (step S4). At this time, the reception frequency channel and node identification of the two access points AP are also transmitted, which will be described later. Further, the communication information related to the next adjacent access point AP is given on the upstream side when going to school, and on the downstream side when going to school, and this function will also be described later. When the end device ED returns Ack to this (step S5), the next data request is then made based on the new frequency channel and node identification (step S6). Similar to the above, the data request is made again when the Ack wait times out. When Ack is returned from the next access point, it becomes an ad hoc state (S7), and when the frequency channel and ID of the adjacent access point AP are further acquired (S8), Ack is returned to this (S9). Based on this, connection with the next adjacent access point AP is attempted.

  In this way, the end device ED starts from the initial ad hoc to the reception access point APx, and moves along the tree while sequentially switching the ad hoc destination to the next adjacent access point AP.

  During this time, at least ad-hoc destination access point AP of the end device ED is configured to transmit at least position data including node identifications of the end device ED and the access point AP to the coordinator C every ad hoc.

  FIG. 7 shows a sequence for transferring data by hopping from the access point AP to the adjacent access point AP. When data is transmitted from one access point AP to the upstream adjacent access point AP (step S21), and the adjacent access point AP receives this and returns Ack (step S22), this adjacent access point AP is now The communication information such as the node identification of the upstream adjacent access point AP based on itself, the reception frequency channel, etc. is extracted, and the position data is transmitted to the next adjacent access point under the communication conditions (step S23), and the Ack is returned. wait. When the adjacent access point receives the position data and returns Ack (step S24), this access point AP further transmits data to the adjacent access point AP. In this way, the position data is delivered to the coordinator while being relayed by multi-hop.

  The management server SV of FIG. 1 connected to the coordinator C stores in advance data relating to the relationship between the node identification of each access point and the absolute position in geography, and the management server SV is a node of many end devices ED. The identification is received as the position data together with the node identification of the access point AP that is the ad hoc destination, and the position data and the geographical absolute position data of the access point AP are stored in association with each other, and the end device ED is carried. Provide data that contributes to the current location and movement history of the schoolchildren.

  As described above, in the present embodiment as well, as shown in FIG. 12A, two or more access point APs may exist in the receivable range for transmission from one access point AP, or in FIG. As shown, there may be more than one access point AP in the coverage area for transmission from one end device ED.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, as a basic configuration, as shown in FIG. 1, at least the adjacent access points AP and AP are set so that the reception frequency channel takes different values. More specifically, in the illustrated example, channel Ch26 → channel Ch15 → channel Ch25 → channel Ch16 so that four consecutive access points AP, AP... Along the tree are different reception frequency channels everywhere. Four frequency channels are assigned repeatedly from upstream to downstream. Of course, there are 16 Zigbee reception frequency channels, and an appropriate channel can be selected. In selecting a channel, it is necessary to consider that the channel defined in IEEE 802.15.4 competes with a microwave oven, a wireless LAN of a personal computer, and the like. In particular, the channel of the reception access point APx needs to ensure the function of making the end device ED initially ad hoc, so the channel with the least contention is selected. Here, Ch 26 generally assigned the least contention is assigned. Of course, depending on the installation location, the channel with the least contention may be different, so it is desirable to set the channel individually and specifically.

  Further, the arrangement is adjusted so that the reception access point APx is located at the branch point (for example, AP 104). Then, the above-described four reception frequency channels are repeatedly allocated. As a result, access points (AP103, AP115, AP125) of different channels are arranged before and after the branch point (for example, AP104). In this regard, the situation is the same even if the three reception frequency channels are repeatedly allocated, but the branch is not necessarily bifurcated, and the arrangement of the access points AP is not limited to the extent that the number of channels is increased unnecessarily by using four channels. This is useful in that the degree of freedom can be increased.

  Thus, even when there are a few access points along the tree in the receivable range for transmission from one access point AP, for example, when performing communication specifying the access point AP103 from the access point AP104, the reception frequency Only the access point AP103 having the synchronized channel receives this, and the access points AP115 and AP125 having different reception frequency channels cannot receive the same.

In particular, in this embodiment, two access points that are further adjacent to adjacent access points along a predetermined path toward the upstream or downstream of the tree can be set in the receivable range by transmission from one access point AP. The field strength and the like are set so that the access point AP100 and AP104 fall within the receivable range when the access point AP102 is used as a reference. Then, in the storage unit 21 of the device 2 constituting each access point AP shown in FIG. 3, together with the communication information such as the node identification of the adjacent access point AP, the reception frequency channel, etc., two further adjacent to the adjacent access point AP The communication information such as the node identification of the access point AP and the reception frequency channel is also stored. For example, the access point AP102 shown in FIG. 1 stores the communication information of the access points AP101 and 103 that are vertically adjacent to each other and the communication information of the two access points AP100 and AP104 that are two ahead.

  Then, in the communication module 3b of the end device shown in FIG. 4, when ad hoc is performed to one access point AP, a part of the ad hoc sequence is related to the next access point AP together with the adjacent access point from the access point AP. A procedure for simultaneously receiving and storing the communication information in the storage unit 31 is incorporated. In steps S4 and S8 in FIG. 6, the communication information regarding the next access point is acquired together with the adjacent access point. Then, in a part of the communication shown in FIG. 6, when the condition for determining that communication with the adjacent access point AP set in advance is not possible is satisfied, the node identification and the reception frequency channel are set to the access point AP of the next two access points AP. The sequence to switch to the thing is executed.

  FIG. 8 illustrates a case where it is determined that communication is impossible when waiting for Ack has timed out twice for a data request to the adjacent access point AP. That is, when the control unit 32 of the end device ED determines that the Ack waiting for the first data request has timed out (S101) and the Ack waiting for the second data request has timed out (S102), two from the storage unit 31 The node identification and frequency reception channel, which are communication information of the previous access point AP, are extracted, the destination is switched to the two subsequent access points AP, and the next data request is made (S103). Then, when Ack is returned (S104), ad hoc is performed to the two access points AP. The communication information of the adjacent access point AP and the communication information of the next access point AP stored in the storage unit 31 in FIG. 4 are rewritten every time ad hoc is performed.

  Such a destination switching function is similarly performed in hopping between access points AP. That is, in the relay module 2c of the access point AP shown in FIG. 3, a condition that should be determined as the communication impossible set in advance with the adjacent access point AP in a part of the sequence related to the relay in a part of the communication shown in FIG. Is satisfied, the sequence for switching the node identification and reception frequency channel to that of the second access point further adjacent to the adjacent access point AP is executed.

  FIG. 9 illustrates a case where it is determined that communication is impossible when the Ack wait times out twice. That is, when the control unit 22 of the access point AP determines that the Ack waiting for the first data transmission has timed out (S111), and the Ack waiting for the second data transmission has timed out (S112), two from the storage unit 21 The node identification and frequency reception channel, which are communication information of the previous access point AP, are extracted, the destination is switched to the two subsequent access points, the next data transmission is performed (S113), and Ack is returned (S114). The data transmission is started again upstream from the two access points AP.

  Furthermore, the end device ED switches the ad hoc destination to the accepting access point AP when the condition for determining that the communication based on the received communication information is determined to be impossible is satisfied in the sequence of FIG. It is configured. FIG. 10 illustrates a case where the end device ED determines that communication is impossible when two Ack waits time out even though the ad hoc destination is switched to the next access point for communication. That is, when the control unit 32 of the end device ED determines that the Ack waiting for the first data request has timed out (S121) and the Ack waiting for the second data request has timed out (S122), the data is received from the storage unit 31. The unique communication information such as the node identification of the access point APx and the frequency reception channel is extracted, and the next data request is made with the destination as the reception access point APx (S123). This is repeated until Ack is returned, and when Ack is changed (S124), ad hoc is performed again on the reception access point APx. As a result, even if the end device ED is in a lost state, communication can be recovered at any of the reception access points APx.

  In this embodiment, in case the communication information of the next adjacent access point AP to be given to the end device ED from the ad hoc destination access point AP cannot be determined whether it is upstream or downstream, Either the first mode in which the access point AP gives communication information related to the upstream adjacent access point AP to the end device ED or the second mode in which communication information related to the downstream adjacent access point AP is given. However, a sequence is incorporated in the communication module 2b of the device 2 shown in FIG. 3 so that the access point AP operates. The device 1 of the coordinator C in FIG. 2 incorporates mode switching means (module) 14 that transmits a switching command S for switching the mode according to time to each access point AP. For example, on the basis of noon and midnight, a switching command S such as the first mode is transmitted from midnight to noon, and the second mode is transmitted from noon to midnight.

  Therefore, the access point AP stores the mode information in the storage unit 21 in response to the switching command S transmitted from the coordinator C at a predetermined time, and when there is a data request from the end device ED as shown in FIG. In step S201, the mode information is extracted from the storage unit 21 to determine whether the mode is the first mode or the second mode (step S202). If it is the first mode, the communication information of the upstream access point AP is determined as the end device. If it is the second mode, the communication information of the downstream access point AP is transmitted to the end device ED (step S204). In any case, the ad hoc destination access point AP always transmits the position data including the node identification of the end device ED and the access point AP to the coordinator C by multi-hop.

  As described above, the frequency division multiplexing wireless network system according to the present embodiment configures a wireless network by the coordinator C and the access points AP that are a plurality of fixed nodes managed by the coordinator C. In addition to the one access point AP, two or more access point APs may exist in a receivable range for transmission. In addition, the two or more access points AP that can overlap the receivable range are fixed to different values of the reception frequency channel as well as the difference of the node identification such as the address and ID.

  With this configuration, when transmission is performed in which the node identification and the reception frequency channel are specified with one of the two or more access points AP in the receivable range from one access point AP as the destination, The non-access point AP is not received because the reception frequency channel is different. For this reason, it is possible to effectively avoid the occurrence of congestion due to the access point AP receiving transmissions not addressed to itself, which can contribute to speeding up the hopping.

  Specifically, in this network system, a coordinator C and a plurality of access points AP managed by the coordinator C constitute a tree topology type wireless network, and adjacent access points are within a receivable range for transmission from one access point AP. In addition to the AP, two access points AP adjacent to the adjacent access point AP can be included. In addition, at least between the access points AP adjacent to each other in the upstream and downstream relations along the tree, the reception frequency channel is fixed to a different value as well as the difference in node identification such as address and ID.

  With such a configuration, in order to perform multi-hop between nodes, when performing transmission in which node identification and reception frequency channel are specified from one access point AP to an adjacent access point AP as a destination, even if one access point AP Even if the next access point AP is within the receivable range, the transmission is not addressed to itself and the reception frequency channel is different, so that the access point AP does not receive itself. For this reason, in the case of multi-hop, it is possible to effectively avoid the occurrence of congestion due to the access point AP receiving transmissions not addressed to itself, which can contribute to speeding up hopping effectively.

  In particular, the access point AP including the access point AP arranged at the branch point is concentrated and the distance is close because the branch point is close to the branch point. Therefore, in this embodiment, the tree is branched. The access point AP is arranged at the branch point and upstream and downstream of the branch point, and the reception frequency channel is fixed to a different value in advance together with the difference in node identification between the access points AP. It is possible to more effectively prevent the occurrence of congestion that leads to a decrease in the hopping speed even at points where the points AP are concentrated.

In this embodiment, the receivable range of the access point AP is set so as to steadily extend to the next access point AP along a predetermined path toward the upstream or downstream of the tree. When a condition for determining that communication with a point AP is determined to be impossible is satisfied, node identification and reception frequency channels are further adjacent to the adjacent access point AP along the predetermined path. It is set to switch to that of the previous access point AP.

  Therefore, while avoiding congestion, a communication path along the tree can be secured even when there is no response from the adjacent access point AP due to a failure or other reason, and the two adjacent access points AP are not silenced at the same time. As long as the function according to the duplexing of communication is ensured, the relay function and the like can be secured, and the reliability of communication can be effectively improved together with the hopping speed.

  Alternatively, since at least three consecutive access points along the tree, for example, AP100, AP101, AP102 (or AP101, AP102, AP103, etc.) are set to have different reception frequency channels, branching is performed as described above. In addition to being effective in avoiding congestion at the point, in the case where the adjacent access point AP is silenced as in the present embodiment, the access point AP101 that is skipped by one in the case of two access points, for example, the access point AP103, is used. Even when communication capability for hopping is given, the occurrence of congestion in a wider range can be effectively avoided.

  On the other hand, the frequency division multiplexing wireless network system according to the present embodiment further includes an end device ED that is a mobile node capable of ad hoc with respect to the access point AP, and is configured to receive a transmission from one end device ED. Two or more access point APs naturally enter the possible range, but whenever the end device ED tries to change the ad hoc destination from the access point AP to the adjacent access point AP, the communication frequency channel is switched together with the node identification. It is configured as follows.

  A multi-hop network is usually configured by whether all nodes AP and ED are fixed or movable. In this embodiment, the nodes AP and ED are divided into an access point AP and a mobile node that are fixed nodes. Since the end device ED can ad hoc at any time to the nearest access point AP, it is assumed that the end device ED moves and the coordinator C uses the multi-hop function. The risk of losing sight of the device ED can be effectively reduced.

  Since the end device ED of this embodiment can specify the movement path to some extent, by arranging the access points AP so as to form a tree topology along the path, the end device ED assigns each access point AP along the tree. It can be expected to go through. Then, since the end device ED acquires the communication information of the next access point AP in advance, it is possible to perform an operation of quickly switching the ad hoc destination.

  Furthermore, when transmission is performed by specifying the node identification and the reception frequency channel Ch16 with the destination being 127 of two or more access points AP within the receivable range from one end device ED, for example, the access points AP126 and AP127, The access point AP127 not addressed to itself is not received because the reception frequency channel is Ch15 and is different from the transmission channel. For this reason, when switching the ad hoc destination, the access point AP of the ad hoc source receives this again and congestion occurs, or it is effectively avoided that the second access point AP receives this and congestion occurs. be able to.

  The access point AP stores in advance communication information such as node identification and reception frequency channel necessary for communication with the adjacent access point AP. When the end device ED ad hoc to one access point AP, Communication information related to the adjacent access point AP is received from the access point AP, and ad hoc to the adjacent access point AP is realized at the destination based on the communication information.

  For this reason, it becomes possible to quickly synchronize the communication of the end device ED with the adjacent access point AP to switch the ad hoc destination and realize high-speed ad hoc.

  Further, when the end device ED ad hoc to one access point AP, the end device ED receives communication information regarding the two access points AP which are adjacent to the adjacent access point AP together with the adjacent access point AP from the access point AP. When the condition for determining that communication with the access point AP is set to be impossible is satisfied, the node identification and the reception frequency channel are assigned to the access point AP of the two destinations further adjacent to the adjacent access point AP. It is set to switch to something.

  If configured in this way, it is possible to switch the ad hoc destination to the next access point AP when there is no response from the adjacent access point AP due to failure or other reasons, while avoiding congestion, so that the ad hoc destination can be switched. A situation in which the end device ED is lost can be effectively avoided by a function equivalent to duplex communication.

  Furthermore, when the communication information of the next access point AP is simply given from the one access point AP by the relay, it is impossible to have the information for the first ad hoc to the access point AP. Therefore, a part of the access point AP in the present embodiment is specific to the reception access point APx such as node identification and frequency channel in order to function as the reception access point APx when the end device ED first ad hoc. The communication conditions are set in advance, and unique communication information for communicating with the reception access point APx is stored in advance in the end device ED. When the end device ED is initially ad hoc, the end device ED The unique communication information is taken out, and based on this, a communication request is made to the reception access point APx.

  Therefore, the end device ED can move while searching for the reception access point APx, and the initial ad hoc for the network NW can be effectively realized.

  The reception access points APx are also scattered at a plurality of locations along the tree, and common communication conditions are set for these access points APx, so that the end device ED is effective at the nearest access point AP at the appropriate location. Can be ad hoc.

  Since common communication conditions are set for all reception access points AP, the end device ED can ad hoc to the nearest reception access point AP using the same unique communication information, and the initial ad hoc The configuration and procedure for the can be simplified.

  Furthermore, the end device ED is configured to switch the ad hoc destination to the reception access point AP when a predetermined condition for determining that communication based on the received communication information is determined to be impossible is satisfied.

  For this reason, even if the end device ED is disconnected from the tree, for example, communication information such as the adjacent access point AP cannot be obtained from the access point AP, communication is finally performed at some reception access point APx. Can be recovered. Of course, when the destination of the end device ED is determined, only the function of confirming the worst arrival can be achieved even if only one reception access point APx is arranged at the end point.

  Then, the access point AP is arranged along the school route, the end device ED is carried or attached to the child, and the node identification of the end device ED and the access point AP is performed every time the end device ED ad hoc to the access point AP. Since the data including the location information is transmitted to the coordinator C, the data regarding the location at the time of going to and from school can be effectively collected in the coordinator C through multi-hop between the access points AP, and the access points AP, AP Multi-hop and ad hoc from the end device ED to the access point AP can be performed at high speed while avoiding congestion, and the communication recovery function when the end device ED is lost can also be effectively demonstrated. Maintain communication as much as possible even when school children are crowded Use as excellent frequency division multiplexing wireless network system to effectively exhibit child monitoring function like Te becomes possible.

  In configuring the above frequency division multiplexing wireless network system, the reception frequency channel of a device used as an access point AP is set to a predetermined reception frequency channel from among four or more types, or as an end device ED. Since the device to be used has four or more types of frequency channels for communication with the access point AP and is configured to be able to communicate with the access point AP while switching the frequency channel, the frequency of the present invention A division multiplexing wireless network system can be easily configured.

  In addition to the above, this embodiment includes a first mode in which the access point AP gives communication information related to the upstream adjacent access point AP to the end device ED, and communication information related to the downstream adjacent access point AP. Since the first mode is switched to the second mode according to the dynamic characteristics of the end device ED, the end device is configured as in the present embodiment. When a certain pattern can be expected for the movement of the ED, the ad hoc destination can be switched more simply by setting the system to any mode through such a switching function.

  In addition, since the coordinator C is configured to issue a switching command for switching the mode according to the time to each access point AP, it is effective for the purpose and application in which the movement pattern of the end device changes depending on the time. Can be adapted.

  The specific configuration of each part is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, a network is constructed in conformity with IEEE 802.15.4. However, the present invention is not limited to such specifications as long as the same configuration can be realized and an equivalent effect can be obtained.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the information of the adjacent access point AP received by the ad hoc end device ED is unknown at a location where the route branches downstream (for example, access point AP104 → access point AP115, AP125). Therefore, it is effective to identify the school route by node identification such as the address of the end device ED or the device ID. Then, the access point AP at the branch point determines the next access point AP based on the information from the end device ED based on its node identification, and provides communication information such as a corresponding frequency channel and node identification. Just do it.

  Further, with respect to an aspect in which the communication information related to the next adjacent access point AP from the ad hoc destination is given, the reception access point APx belonging to the downstream side of the tree among the reception access points APx that first receive a communication request from the end device ED. (For example, an access point arranged at the end of the school district) generates a flag representing the first mode, and an access point APx for reception belonging to the upstream side of the tree (for example, an access point APx arranged at the school gate) is the first one. It may be configured to generate a flag representing the two modes, and this flag may be provided in a chain manner to the adjacent access point AP via the end device ED. In this way, each adjacent access point AP clearly determines which of the communication information related to the upstream access point AP or the communication information related to the downstream access point AP should be given to the end device ED according to the flag. Therefore, it is possible to cope effectively even when the time of going to and from school is irregular.

  In addition, the conditions that should be determined in advance for switching between hop destinations and ad hoc destinations are not limited to the above, and are not limited to the above, and the basic configuration of the present invention for preventing congestion The application target is not limited to the cluster tree topology.

The figure which shows the network topology of the radio | wireless network system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The device block diagram of the coordinator which comprises the system. The device block diagram of the access point which comprises the system. The device block diagram of the end device which comprises the system. The flowchart which shows the starting procedure of the end device. FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram showing a procedure when the end device ad hoc to an access point. The sequence diagram which shows the procedure at the time of hopping from an access point to an access point. The sequence diagram which shows the procedure when communication becomes impossible corresponding to FIG. The sequence diagram which shows the procedure when communication becomes impossible corresponding to FIG. The sequence diagram which shows the procedure when communication becomes impossible corresponding to FIG. The flowchart which shows the procedure in which the access point delivers the communication information of an adjacent access point to an end device. The figure for demonstrating the malfunction of the conventional wireless network system.

Claims (12)

A coordinator and a plurality of fixed nodes managed by the coordinator form a tree topology type wireless network, and within a receivable range for transmission from one fixed node, two adjacent points adjacent to the adjacent fixed node together with the adjacent fixed node In which a fixed node of
At least between fixed nodes adjacent to each other in the upstream and downstream relationship along the tree, the reception frequency channel is fixed to a different value together with the difference in node identification such as address and ID,
The coverage area of at least some of the fixed nodes is set so as to steadily extend to the second fixed node along a predetermined path toward the upstream or downstream of the tree, and between adjacent fixed nodes. When the condition that should be determined in advance that communication is impossible is satisfied, the node identification and reception frequency channel are those of the two fixed nodes that are further adjacent to the adjacent fixed node along the predetermined path. A frequency division multiplexing wireless network system characterized by being set to switch to In locations where tree branches, the branch point and the fixed node to the upstream and downstream arranged, according to claim 1, characterized in that fixed to different values also receive frequency channels with different nodes identified between their fixed nodes Frequency division multiplexing wireless network system. At least three consecutive fixed nodes along the tree, different receive frequency division multiplexed wireless network system according to any claim 1 or 2 in the frequency channel. The mobile node further includes an ad hoc mobile node that can ad hoc with respect to the fixed node, and in the case where two or more fixed nodes can exist in a reception range for transmission from one mobile node, the mobile node is ad hoc from a fixed node to an adjacent fixed node. The frequency division multiplexing wireless network system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the frequency division multiplexing wireless network system is configured to switch communication frequency channels together with node identification each time a destination is changed. In the fixed node, communication information such as node identification and reception frequency channel necessary for communication with the adjacent fixed node is stored in advance, and when the mobile node is ad hoc to one fixed node, the fixed node is connected to the adjacent fixed node. The wireless network system according to claim 4 , wherein the wireless network system is configured to receive communication information related to an ad hoc at a destination based on the communication information. A coordinator and a plurality of fixed nodes managed by the coordinator form a tree topology type wireless network, and within a receivable range for transmission from one fixed node, two adjacent points adjacent to the adjacent fixed node together with the adjacent fixed node In which a fixed node of
At least between fixed nodes adjacent to each other in the upstream and downstream relationship along the tree, the reception frequency channel is fixed to a different value together with the difference in node identification such as address and ID,
A mobile node that can ad hoc with respect to the fixed node, and there are two or more fixed nodes in a receivable range for transmission from one mobile node, and the fixed node is a node necessary for communication with an adjacent fixed node Communication information such as identification and reception frequency channel is stored in advance, and when a mobile node ad hoc to one fixed node, it receives communication information related to an adjacent fixed node from the fixed node, and based on the communication information, It is configured to realize ad hoc to the adjacent fixed node by switching the communication frequency channel together with node identification every time it tries to change the ad hoc destination from the fixed node to the adjacent fixed node,
In order to function as a fixed node for reception when a mobile node first ad hoc, a part of the fixed node is preset with unique communication conditions such as node identification and frequency channel in the reception fixed node, The mobile node stores in advance unique communication information for communicating with the reception fixed node, and the mobile node extracts the specific communication information at the time of initial ad hoc of the mobile node, and based on this, the reception fixed node A frequency division multiplexing wireless network system configured to make a communication request with respect to a wireless communication system. When a mobile node is ad-hoc to one fixed node, it receives communication information regarding the two fixed nodes that are adjacent to the adjacent fixed node from the fixed node and is set in advance with the adjacent fixed node. The node identification and the reception frequency channel are set to be switched to those of the two fixed nodes further adjacent to the adjacent fixed node when the condition for determining that communication is impossible is satisfied. 5. The frequency division multiplexing wireless network system according to 5 or 6 . The frequency division multiplexing wireless network system according to claim 6 or 7 , wherein a plurality of reception-use fixed nodes are scattered along the tree, and common communication conditions are set for these fixed nodes. The mobile node, if the received condition should be determined impossible communication set in advance for the communication based on the communication information is met, any claim 6-8, which is configured to switch the ad hoc destination accepting fixed node A frequency division multiplexing wireless network system according to claim 1. A fixed node is arranged along the school route, and the mobile node is carried or attached to the child. Every time the mobile node ad hoc to the fixed node, data including the node identification of the mobile node and the fixed node is transmitted to the coordinator. The frequency division multiplexing wireless network system according to any one of claims 4 to 9 , configured as described above. It is used as a fixed node constituting the frequency division multiplexing wireless network system according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , and the reception frequency channel is set to a predetermined reception frequency channel from among four or more types. A device characterized by being. It is used as a mobile node constituting the frequency division multiplexing wireless network system according to any one of claims 4 to 10 , and has at least four types as frequency channels for communication with a fixed node, A device configured to be able to communicate with a fixed node while switching its frequency channel.

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