JP5336385B2 - 半導体材料としてのナフタレン系テトラカルボン酸ジイミド化合物 - Google Patents
半導体材料としてのナフタレン系テトラカルボン酸ジイミド化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5336385B2 JP5336385B2 JP2009540234A JP2009540234A JP5336385B2 JP 5336385 B2 JP5336385 B2 JP 5336385B2 JP 2009540234 A JP2009540234 A JP 2009540234A JP 2009540234 A JP2009540234 A JP 2009540234A JP 5336385 B2 JP5336385 B2 JP 5336385B2
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- -1 tetracarboxylic acid diimide compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021523 barium zirconate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DQBAOWPVHRWLJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+);dioxido(oxo)zirconium Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][Zr]([O-])=O DQBAOWPVHRWLJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NNGAQKAUYDTUQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanimine Chemical class N=C1CCCCC1 NNGAQKAUYDTUQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006575 electron-withdrawing group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000572 ellipsometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005570 flexible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical class [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000302 molecular modelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MZYHMUONCNKCHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C21 MZYHMUONCNKCHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVJQPDTXIALXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitryl fluoride Chemical compound [O-][N+](F)=O JVJQPDTXIALXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- KJOLVZJFMDVPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N perylenediimide Chemical compound C=12C3=CC=C(C(NC4=O)=O)C2=C4C=CC=1C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C4=CC=C3C1=C42 KJOLVZJFMDVPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000636 poly(norbornene) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001470 polyketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000728 pulse radiolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006158 tetracarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B5/00—Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings
- C09B5/62—Cyclic imides or amidines of peri-dicarboxylic acids of the anthracene, benzanthrene, or perylene series
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/615—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
- H10K85/621—Aromatic anhydride or imide compounds, e.g. perylene tetra-carboxylic dianhydride or perylene tetracarboxylic di-imide
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having potential barriers
- H10K10/40—Organic transistors
- H10K10/46—Field-effect transistors, e.g. organic thin-film transistors [OTFT]
- H10K10/462—Insulated gate field-effect transistors [IGFETs]
- H10K10/464—Lateral top-gate IGFETs comprising only a single gate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having potential barriers
- H10K10/40—Organic transistors
- H10K10/46—Field-effect transistors, e.g. organic thin-film transistors [OTFT]
- H10K10/462—Insulated gate field-effect transistors [IGFETs]
- H10K10/466—Lateral bottom-gate IGFETs comprising only a single gate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
Description
有機薄膜トランジスタ中の層に関連して本明細書中で使用された「上」、「上方」および「下方」などの用語は、有機薄膜層がゲート電極の上方に位置するような層の順序を意味するが、層が直に隣接すること、または中間の層がないことを必ずしも示すものではない。
ビス-N,N'-(trans-4-メチルシクロヘキシル)-1,4,5,8-ナフトジイミド(化合物I−1)の調製
本発明の種々の材料の電気特性を試験するために、トップ・コンタクト・ジオメトリーを使用して、電界効果トランジスタを典型的な形式で形成した。使用した基体は、トランジスタのゲートとしても役立つ、高度にドープしたシリコン・ウェハーである。ゲート誘電体は、厚さ185nmの熱成長させたSiO2 層である。ゲート誘電体の表面を処理することにより電気特性を改善できることは、p型およびn型トランジスタの両方に関してすでに示されている。本明細書中に記載の試験のほとんどの場合、酸化物表面は、薄い(<10nm)スピン塗布ポリマー層、またはオクタデシルトリクロロシラン(OTS)の自己組織化単分子層(SAM)で処理した。典型的には、未処理酸化物試料を比較のための試験に含めた。
作製したデバイスの電気的特性評価を、Hewlett Packard HP 4145b(登録商標)パラメータ分析器で実施した。空気中のデバイスの安定性を意図的に試験することを除けば、プローブ測定ステーションは、全ての測定に対して正のアルゴン環境内で保持した。白色光に対する感受性を検査する場合を除いて、測定を硫黄光下で実施した。デバイスを試験前に空気に曝露した。
以下の例は、N,N'-二置換-1,4,5,8-ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸ジイミド中のシクロヘキサン環における置換基の立体配置を制御することによって、著しく改善されたnチャネル半導体膜がもたらされることを示す。
この例は、立体配置的に混合している(cisとtransの1:1混合物)N-シクロヘキシル-N'-(4-メチルシクロヘキシル)-1,4,5,8-ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸ジイミドC−1から製造されたn型TFTデバイスを示す。
この例は、本発明に係るN-シクロヘキシル-N'-(trans-4-メチルシクロヘキシル)-1,4,5,8-ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸ジイミド(化合物I−2)から製造されたn型TFTデバイスの改善された性能を示す。
この例は、本発明に係るN-シクロヘキシル-N'-(cis-4-メチルシクロヘキシル)-1,4,5,8-ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸ジイミド(化合物I−18)から製造されたn型TFTデバイスの改善された性能を示す。
この例は、立体配置的に混合している(cisとtransの1:2:1混合物)N,N'-(4-メチルシクロヘキシル)-1,4,5,8-ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸ジイミドC−2から作製されたn型TFTデバイスを示す。
この例は、本発明に係るN,N'-(trans-4-メチルシクロヘキシル)-1,4,5,8-ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸ジイミド(化合物I−1)から作製されたn型TFTデバイスの改善された性能を示す。
28 基体
30 ドレイン電極
44 ゲート電極
56 ゲート誘電体
70 半導体
Claims (6)
- 各イミド窒素にそれぞれ結合した2個の独立に置換されたまたは非置換の脂環式の環(ただし、2個の脂環式環のうちの少なくとも1つは必ず4-置換シクロヘキシル環であり、ここで当該4-置換シクロヘキシル環の4-位にある置換基は当該4-置換シクロヘキシル環上のそのイミド窒素結合以外のその唯一の置換基であり、前記置換基はイミド窒素置換基に対してそれぞれ70モル%超のトランス位または70モル%超のシス位のいずれか(いずれか一方のみ)として立体化学的に配置されている)を有するN,N'-ジシクロアルキル置換ナフタレン-1,4,5,8-ビス-カルボキシイミド化合物を含む有機半導体材料を含む薄膜トランジスタを含んで成る物品。
- 薄膜トランジスタが、誘電体層、ゲート電極、ソース電極及びドレイン電極を含む電界効果トランジスタであり、当該誘電体層、ゲート電極、有機半導体材料の薄膜、ソース電極及びドレイン電極が、ゲート電極と有機半導体材料の薄膜との両方が誘電体層と接触しており、ソース電極とドレイン電極との両方が有機半導体材料の薄膜と接触している限り、任意の順序で配置されている請求項1または2に記載の物品。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の薄膜トランジスタを複数含む、集積回路、アクティブ・マトリックス・ディスプレイおよび太陽電池から成る群から選択される電子デバイス。
- 薄膜半導体デバイスの製作方法であって、必ずしも下記順序通りではなく、
(a)各イミド窒素原子に独立して結合した置換されたまたは非置換の脂環式の環(ただし、2個の脂環式環のうちの少なくとも1つは必ず4-置換シクロヘキシル環であり、ここで4-置換シクロヘキシル環の4-位にある置換基は当該4-置換シクロヘキシル環上のそのイミド結合以外のその唯一の置換基であり、前記置換基はイミド窒素置換基に対してそれぞれ、70モル%超のトランス位または70モル%超のシス位のいずれか一方のみとして立体化学的に配置されている)を有するN,N'-ジシクロアルキル置換ナフタレン-1,4,5,8-ビス-カルボキシイミド化合物を含むnチャネル有機半導体材料の薄膜を基体上に堆積させる工程、ただし、有機半導体材料は0.01cm2/Vsを超える電界効果電子移動度を示す;
(b)離間されたソース電極とドレイン電極とを形成する工程、ただし、ソース電極とドレイン電極とは、nチャネル半導体膜によって分離され、nチャネル半導体膜と電気的に接続される;および
(c)有機半導体材料から離間されたゲート電極を形成する工程;
を含んで成る薄膜半導体デバイスの製造方法。
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US11/567,954 | 2006-12-07 | ||
US11/567,954 US7804087B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2006-12-07 | Configurationally controlled N,N'-Dicycloalkyl-substituted naphthalene-based tetracarboxylic diimide compounds as N-type semiconductor materials for thin film transistors |
PCT/US2007/024342 WO2008057610A2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2007-11-21 | Naphthalene-based tetracarboxylic diimide compounds as semiconductor materials |
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JP2010509789A JP2010509789A (ja) | 2010-03-25 |
JP2010509789A5 JP2010509789A5 (ja) | 2010-11-11 |
JP5336385B2 true JP5336385B2 (ja) | 2013-11-06 |
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US (1) | US7804087B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2089919B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5336385B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE518260T1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008057610A2 (ja) |
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US8743392B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2014-06-03 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Apparatus, method, and computer program product for forming images |
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JP4921982B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-26 | 2012-04-25 | ノースウエスタン ユニバーシティ | ペリレンn型半導体及び関連装置 |
WO2007146250A2 (en) * | 2006-06-12 | 2007-12-21 | Northwestern University | Naphthalene-based semiconductor materials and methods of preparing and use thereof |
WO2008051552A2 (en) * | 2006-10-25 | 2008-05-02 | Northwestern University | Organic semiconductor materials and methods of preparing and use thereof |
US7902363B2 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2011-03-08 | Polyera Corporation | Diimide-based semiconductor materials and methods of preparing and using the same |
US7893265B2 (en) * | 2007-01-08 | 2011-02-22 | Polyera Corporation | Methods for preparing arene-BIS (dicarboximide)-based semiconducting materials and related intermediates for preparing same |
US8022214B2 (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2011-09-20 | Polyera Corporation | Organic semiconductor materials and precursors thereof |
US7649199B2 (en) | 2008-04-11 | 2010-01-19 | Eastman Kodak Company | N-type semiconductor materials in thin film transistors and electronic devices |
US8309394B2 (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2012-11-13 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method of making N-type semiconductor devices |
US8212243B2 (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2012-07-03 | Eastman Kodak Company | Organic semiconducting compositions and N-type semiconductor devices |
TWI422573B (zh) * | 2010-02-11 | 2014-01-11 | Nat Univ Tsing Hua | 有機薄膜電晶體暨其製備方法 |
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US8743392B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2014-06-03 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Apparatus, method, and computer program product for forming images |
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WO2008057610A2 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
US20080135833A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
ATE518260T1 (de) | 2011-08-15 |
WO2008057610A3 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
EP2089919B1 (en) | 2011-07-27 |
US7804087B2 (en) | 2010-09-28 |
WO2008057610A8 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
EP2089919A2 (en) | 2009-08-19 |
JP2010509789A (ja) | 2010-03-25 |
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