JP5335455B2 - Reducer air breather device - Google Patents

Reducer air breather device Download PDF

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JP5335455B2
JP5335455B2 JP2009018189A JP2009018189A JP5335455B2 JP 5335455 B2 JP5335455 B2 JP 5335455B2 JP 2009018189 A JP2009018189 A JP 2009018189A JP 2009018189 A JP2009018189 A JP 2009018189A JP 5335455 B2 JP5335455 B2 JP 5335455B2
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lubricating oil
housing
hole
breather device
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真之 中谷
宏幸 則直
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株式会社ツバキエマソン
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/027—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by means for venting gearboxes, e.g. air breathers

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Description

本発明は、減速機のエアブリーザ装置、特に、外付けタイプのエアブリーザ装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an air breather device for a reduction gear, and more particularly to an external type air breather device.

減速機のハウジングには、ギアトレイン（歯車列）が収納され、通常、潤滑と冷却のため、所定量の潤滑油が封入されている。そのため、内部の圧力が運転中に高くなるのを防ぎ、オイルシール設置部からの油漏れが生じないようにするために、ハウジングの内部と外気を連通させるエアブリーザ装置が設けられることが多い。   A gear train (gear train) is accommodated in the housing of the speed reducer, and usually a predetermined amount of lubricating oil is enclosed for lubrication and cooling. Therefore, in order to prevent the internal pressure from becoming high during operation and to prevent oil leakage from the oil seal installation portion, an air breather device that communicates the inside of the housing with the outside air is often provided.

しかし、ギアの回転に伴う遠心力によって、潤滑油がギア中心から外方向へ吹き飛ばされ、ハウジング内壁にぶつかった潤滑油が上部へ跳ね上がることがあり、その結果、ハウジングの上部に設けられた空気抜き孔（プレッシャベント）から潤滑油が噴き出すことがあった。
このような潤滑油の噴き出しを軽減する機構としては、特許文献１から３のものがある。 However, due to the centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the gear, the lubricating oil is blown outward from the center of the gear, and the lubricating oil that has collided against the inner wall of the housing may jump up, resulting in an air vent hole provided in the upper part of the housing. Lubricating oil sometimes spouted from (pressure vent).
Patent Documents 1 to 3 are known as mechanisms for reducing such a spray of lubricating oil.

実開平４−１３６３４９号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-136349 特開平６−５８３９０号公報JP-A-6-58390 特開昭６０−２１５１５８号公報JP 60-215158 A

特許文献１及び２では、エアブリーザを減速機内部に設けているため、遮蔽板等を設けて、空気抜きのためのエアブリーザへと繋がっている孔に油が侵入するのを防いでいる。
しかし、遮蔽板を減速機のハウジングの内壁へボルトで固定する必要があるため、ハウジングが鋳物の場合には、表面が粗く金具の取付安定性に欠けてしまう。そのため、平坦度を上げるための平面機械加工又はグラインダー等による追加工、及び組付けが必要になり、手間とコストがかかるという問題があった。
また、ギアトレインの配置上、潤滑油の油面を高く設定しなければならない場合に、油面位置と空気抜き孔との差が小さくなることから、高速回転及び正逆転運転時において、空気抜き孔からの潤滑油の噴き出しが問題であった。 In Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the air breather is provided inside the speed reducer, a shielding plate or the like is provided to prevent oil from entering the hole connected to the air breather for venting air.
However, since it is necessary to fix the shielding plate to the inner wall of the housing of the speed reducer with a bolt, when the housing is cast, the surface is rough and the mounting stability of the metal fitting is lacking. For this reason, there is a problem in that additional machining and assembly by a planar machining or a grinder for increasing the flatness is required, which takes time and cost.
In addition, if the oil level of the lubricating oil must be set high due to the gear train arrangement, the difference between the oil level and the air vent hole will be small. The problem was the jet of lubricating oil.

一方、特許文献３のエアブリーザ装置は、外付けであるので、平坦度を上げるための加工等については、余り問題はないが、減速機内部に空気抜き孔に向かう潤滑油の勢いを弱めるためのバッフルプレートを設ける必要がある。
また、一方向の回転しか想定しておらず、減速機の両方向の回転には対応できていない。 On the other hand, since the air breather device of Patent Document 3 is externally attached, there is not much problem with processing for increasing flatness, but a baffle for weakening the momentum of the lubricating oil toward the air vent hole inside the speed reducer. It is necessary to provide a plate.
Moreover, only one direction of rotation is assumed and it cannot respond to the rotation of the reduction gear in both directions.

従って、減速機内部における加工を必要とせず、油面位置が比較的高い場合や正逆両方向の回転に対応することのできるエアブリーザ装置が必要となった。   Therefore, there is a need for an air breather device that does not require processing inside the speed reducer and that can handle rotation in both forward and reverse directions when the oil level is relatively high.

本発明は、ギアトレインが収納され、潤滑油が封入された減速機のハウジングの外壁に、少なくとも５面を有する箱体の形状で取付けられたエアブリーザ装置であって、
前記ハウジングの側面板の低位置に潤滑油出入孔が、高位置に空気孔が設けられ、
前記箱体が、前記潤滑油出入孔及び空気孔と連通するように前記ハウジングの外壁に取付けられ、内部の上下方向に下側が開放されたバッファプレートを具え、且つ、天板にプレッシャベントを有することを特徴とする減速機のエアブリーザ装置によって、前記課題を解決した。 The present invention is an air breather device that is mounted in the shape of a box having at least five surfaces on the outer wall of a housing of a reducer in which a gear train is housed and in which lubricating oil is enclosed,
Lubricating oil inlet / outlet holes are provided in the lower position of the side plate of the housing, and air holes are provided in the higher position.
The box has a buffer plate attached to the outer wall of the housing so as to communicate with the lubricating oil inlet / outlet hole and the air hole, and has a pressure plate on the top plate. This problem has been solved by an air breather device for a speed reducer.

本発明によれば、ハウジングの外壁に箱体を取付ければよいため、取付面の選択が可能であり、取付けの際の加工も容易になる。
また、ハウジング内部と箱体は、潤滑油出入孔と空気孔のみでしか連通していないため、内部にエアブリーザ装置を設ける場合よりも、ギアの高速回転等による撹拌された潤滑油の影響をハウジング内壁自体で軽減することができ、結果として、空気抜き孔からの油の噴き出しを抑制することができる。
さらに、正逆いずれの方向の回転にも対応することができる。 According to the present invention, it is only necessary to attach the box to the outer wall of the housing. Therefore, the attachment surface can be selected, and processing during attachment is facilitated.
In addition, since the housing interior and the box body communicate with each other only through the lubricating oil inlet / outlet hole and the air hole, the effect of the agitated lubricating oil due to the high-speed rotation of the gear, etc., is greater than the case where an air breather device is provided inside the housing. The inner wall itself can be reduced, and as a result, the ejection of oil from the air vent hole can be suppressed.
Furthermore, it is possible to deal with rotation in either forward or reverse direction.

本発明の第１実施形態の減速機の水平断面図。1 is a horizontal sectional view of a reduction gear according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第１実施形態の減速機の側面図。The side view of the reduction gear of 1st Embodiment of this invention. 箱体を取付ける前の本発明の第１実施形態の減速機の背面図。The rear view of the reduction gear of 1st Embodiment of this invention before attaching a box. 本発明の第２実施形態の箱体とハウジングのハウジング内側から見た斜視図。The perspective view seen from the housing inside of the box and housing of a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第２の実施形態における潤滑油の流れを示した説明図。Explanatory drawing which showed the flow of the lubricating oil in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

実施形態１Embodiment 1

以下、本発明の実施形態を、添付図面を参照しながら説明する。
図１は、本発明の第１実施形態の減速機の上面図、図２は、本発明の第１実施形態の減速機の側面図、図３は、箱体を取付ける前の本発明の第１実施形態の減速機の背面図である。
なお、本発明は、１段以上の減速機であればよく、図示されているものに限定されない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a top view of the speed reducer according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the speed reducer according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a rear view of the reduction gear of 1 embodiment.
The present invention is not limited to the illustrated one as long as it is one or more speed reducers.

減速機１０は、入力軸の回転を減速して出力軸に伝達するもので、垂直に設置される出力軸３０には、水平面で回転するギア３２が取付けられており、このギア３２がハウジング２０内に封入されている潤滑油を撹拌し、周りに吹き飛ばす。
モータＭからギア３２に至る減速機構は本発明の主題ではないから、説明は省略する。 The speed reducer 10 decelerates the rotation of the input shaft and transmits it to the output shaft. A gear 32 that rotates in a horizontal plane is attached to the output shaft 30 that is installed vertically. Stir the lubricating oil sealed inside and blow it away.
Since the speed reduction mechanism from the motor M to the gear 32 is not the subject of the present invention, the description is omitted.

そのハウジング２０内で潤滑油の勢いが比較的穏やかな場所、すなわち、比較的低速で回転し、歯車同士の噛み合いがない位置、例えば、図１に示す、出力ギア３２の前方横の位置のハウジング側面板２１に、ほぼ油面の高さの位置に潤滑油出入孔２３、油面より高い位置に空気孔２４を設けてある（図３参照）。
そして、ハウジング外壁に、６面のうち１面を開けてある箱体４０の開いている面を、ハウジング２０の側面板２１で塞ぐようにして箱体４０を取付ける。箱体４０は、６個のタップ孔２０ａに、ハウジング２０の外側から箱体４０を貫通させて、ハウジング２０にボルト（図示せず。）をねじ込むことで固定される。
箱体４０の天板４１には、空気抜き孔４２が設けられ、ここにプレッシャベント５０が取付けられる。また、油面位置が外から分かるように、オイルゲージ４３が正面板４４に設けてある。オイルゲージ４３は、２つの側板４６，４８のいずれかに設けてもよい。
なお、ハウジング２０と箱体４０の繋ぎ目からの潤滑油の漏洩を防ぐため、繋ぎ目には、図示しないシール材を介在させる。 A place where the momentum of the lubricating oil is relatively gentle in the housing 20, that is, a position where the gear rotates at a relatively low speed and the gears do not mesh with each other, for example, a housing at a position in front of the output gear 32 shown in FIG. The side plate 21 is provided with a lubricating oil inlet / outlet hole 23 at a position substantially at the oil level and an air hole 24 at a position higher than the oil level (see FIG. 3).
Then, the box 40 is attached to the outer wall of the housing so that the open face of the box 40 having one of the six faces opened is covered with the side plate 21 of the housing 20. The box 40 is fixed by screwing bolts (not shown) into the housing 20 through the six tap holes 20a through the box 40 from the outside of the housing 20.
The top plate 41 of the box body 40 is provided with an air vent hole 42 to which a pressure vent 50 is attached. An oil gauge 43 is provided on the front plate 44 so that the oil level position can be seen from the outside. The oil gauge 43 may be provided on one of the two side plates 46 and 48.
In order to prevent leakage of the lubricating oil from the joint between the housing 20 and the box 40, a seal material (not shown) is interposed at the joint.

潤滑油出入孔２３と空気孔２４によってハウジング２０内部と箱体４０内部が連通することで、空気抜き孔４２及びプレッシャベント５０を通して、ハウジング２０内部は外気と連通することができる。   The inside of the housing 20 and the inside of the box body 40 communicate with each other through the lubricating oil inlet / outlet hole 23 and the air hole 24, so that the inside of the housing 20 can communicate with the outside air through the air vent hole 42 and the pressure vent 50.

潤滑油出入孔２３からも空気を導入できるように、油面が潤滑油出入孔２３の中央程度の高さにくるように設置することが望ましいが、ギアトレインの配置上又はギアの高速回転等により油面が高くなり、潤滑油出入孔２３が潤滑油によって完全に塞がれるような状態になった場合でも、油面より高い位置に設けられている空気孔２４から空気を導入して外部に連通させることができる。
なお、油面が潤滑油出入孔２３に達することは必須ではなく、箱４０に潤滑油が流入しないという状況もあり得るが、油面が高くなって空気を逃がすことができない危険を避けるために、潤滑油出入孔と空気孔両方を設けておく方が望ましい。 It is desirable that the oil surface be located at a height about the center of the lubricating oil inlet / outlet 23 so that air can be introduced from the lubricating oil inlet / outlet 23. However, the arrangement of the gear train or the high speed rotation of the gear, etc. Even when the oil level becomes higher and the lubricating oil entrance / exit hole 23 is completely blocked by the lubricating oil, air is introduced from the air hole 24 provided at a position higher than the oil level to Can be communicated to.
Note that it is not essential that the oil level reaches the lubricating oil inlet / outlet 23, and there may be a situation where the lubricating oil does not flow into the box 40, but in order to avoid the danger that the oil level becomes high and air cannot escape. It is desirable to provide both the lubricating oil inlet / outlet hole and the air hole.

また、図示していないが、必要であれば、１面を開けた箱体とするのではなく、完全に閉じた箱体とし、ハウジング側面板の潤滑油出入孔及び空気孔に対応する箇所を箱体にも開け、それをハウジング外壁の側面板に取付けるようにしてもよい。   Although not shown, if necessary, it is not a box with one side open, but a box that is completely closed, and locations corresponding to the lubricating oil inlet / outlet holes and air holes of the housing side plate are provided. The box may also be opened and attached to the side plate of the housing outer wall.

本発明では、このように、エアブリーザ装置をハウジングの外側に設けることにより、内部の加工をせずにすみ、外部から行なうことができるため、取付け作業が容易となる効果がある。
また、ハウジングと空気抜き孔がある箱体とが、潤滑油出入孔と空気孔のみでしか連通していないことで、ギア３２の左右、いずれの方向の回転に対しても、空気抜き孔に向かう潤滑油の流れを抑制することができる。 In the present invention, by providing the air breather device on the outside of the housing as described above, it is possible to perform the process from the outside without the need for the internal processing.
Further, since the housing and the box body having the air vent hole communicate with each other only by the lubricating oil inlet / outlet hole and the air hole, the lubrication toward the air vent hole can be performed with respect to the rotation of the gear 32 in the left and right directions. Oil flow can be suppressed.

実施形態２Embodiment 2

次に、図４及び図５を参照して、本発明の第２実施形態を説明する。
図４は、本発明の実施形態の箱体とハウジングのハウジング内側から見た斜視図、図５は、本発明の第２実施形態における潤滑油の流れを説明する図である。 Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the box body and the housing according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the inside of the housing, and FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the flow of the lubricating oil in the second embodiment of the present invention.

本実施形態では、左右方向に異なる位置に設けられている潤滑油出入孔２３’と空気孔２４’の間の位置に、箱体４０’内部の上方から下方へ向かってバッファプレート４５が設けられ、バッファプレート４５の下側は、潤滑油が通ることができるように開放されている。また、プレッシャベントを取付ける空気抜き孔４２’が天板のバッファプレート４５から見て空気孔２４’側に設けられている。 In the present embodiment, a buffer plate 45 is provided from the upper side to the lower side inside the box 40 'at a position between the lubricating oil inlet / outlet hole 23' and the air hole 24 ' provided at different positions in the left-right direction. The lower side of the buffer plate 45 is open so that lubricating oil can pass through. Further, an air vent hole 42 ′ for attaching a pressure vent is provided on the air hole 24 ′ side when viewed from the buffer plate 45 of the top plate.

このバッファプレート４５により、撹拌されて波立った油面や、吹き飛ばされてきた潤滑油の勢いが緩められ、空気抜き孔４２’へと跳上がることを、図５のように防ぐことができ、その結果、空気抜き孔４２’からの油の噴き出しを、より効果的に抑制することができる。   The buffer plate 45 can prevent the oil surface that has been agitated and waved and the momentum of the lubricating oil that has been blown off from escaping to the air vent hole 42 'as shown in FIG. As a result, the ejection of oil from the air vent hole 42 ′ can be more effectively suppressed.

１０： 減速機
２０： ハウジング
２１： 側面板
２３： 潤滑油出入孔
２４： 空気孔
４０： 箱体
４１： 天板
４２： 空気抜き孔
４３： オイルゲージ
４４： 正面板
４５： バッファプレート
４６，４８： 側板
５０： プレッシャベント DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10: Reduction gear 20: Housing 21: Side plate 23: Lubricating oil entrance / exit hole 24: Air hole 40: Box body 41: Top plate 42: Air vent hole 43: Oil gauge 44: Front plate 45: Buffer plate 46, 48: Side plate 50: Pressure vent

Claims (4)

ギアトレインが収納され、潤滑油が封入された減速機のハウジングの外壁に、少なくとも５面を有する箱体の形状で取付けられたエアブリーザ装置であって、
前記ハウジングの側面板の低位置に潤滑油出入孔が、高位置に空気孔が設けられ、
前記箱体が、前記潤滑油出入孔及び空気孔と連通するように前記ハウジングの外壁に取付けられ、内部の上下方向に下側が開放されたバッファプレートを具え、且つ、天板にプレッシャベントを有することを特徴とする、
減速機のエアブリーザ装置。 An air breather device mounted in the shape of a box having at least five surfaces on the outer wall of a speed reducer housing in which a gear train is housed and in which lubricating oil is enclosed,
Lubricating oil inlet / outlet holes are provided in the lower position of the side plate of the housing, and air holes are provided in the higher position.
The box has a buffer plate attached to the outer wall of the housing so as to communicate with the lubricating oil inlet / outlet hole and the air hole, and has a pressure plate on the top plate. It is characterized by
Reducer air breather device. 前記潤滑油出入孔と空気孔が左右方向に異なる位置に設けられ、前記バッファプレートが該潤滑油出入孔と空気孔との間に設けられている、請求項１の減速機のエアブリーザ装置。The air breather device for a reducer according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil inlet / outlet hole and the air hole are provided at different positions in the left-right direction, and the buffer plate is provided between the lubricating oil inlet / outlet hole and the air hole. 前記プレッシャベントを取付ける空気抜き孔が、前記天板の前記バッファプレートから見て空気孔側に設けられている、請求項２の減速機のエアブリーザ装置。The air breather device for a reducer according to claim 2, wherein an air vent hole for attaching the pressure vent is provided on the air hole side of the top plate as viewed from the buffer plate. 前記潤滑油出入孔が前記ハウジング内の潤滑油油面とほぼ同じ高さにある、請求項１から３のいずれかのエアブリーザ装置。 The air breather device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lubricating oil entrance / exit hole is at substantially the same height as a lubricating oil surface in the housing.
JP2009018189A 2009-01-29 2009-01-29 Reducer air breather device Expired - Fee Related JP5335455B2 (en)

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CN105750601B (en) * 2016-04-06 2017-08-15 中信重工机械股份有限公司 A kind of processing method for improving the large gearbox box body device accuracy of form and position
CN113983148B (en) * 2021-10-12 2024-06-04 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 Novel ventilation plug, novel ventilation plug assembly capable of measuring temperature and pressure in cavity of speed reducer and production method

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JPH0658129B2 (en) * 1984-04-10 1994-08-03 株式会社富士鉄工所 Transmission air breather

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