JP5327661B2 - Immunostimulator - Google Patents

Immunostimulator Download PDF

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JP5327661B2
JP5327661B2 JP2007230719A JP2007230719A JP5327661B2 JP 5327661 B2 JP5327661 B2 JP 5327661B2 JP 2007230719 A JP2007230719 A JP 2007230719A JP 2007230719 A JP2007230719 A JP 2007230719A JP 5327661 B2 JP5327661 B2 JP 5327661B2
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water
bark
mulberry
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soluble extract
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JP2009062306A (en
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幸一 鈴木
シラパコング・ピヤマース
信三 野田
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Iwate University
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本発明は、桑の新規な薬理用途に関する。より詳細には、桑の樹皮由来の新規な免疫賦活剤に関する。   The present invention relates to a novel pharmacological application of mulberry. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel immunostimulant derived from mulberry bark.

クワ科クワ属に属する桑は、日本人の他、中国人や韓国人にも古くから親しみのある植物である。その葉には、血糖値の上昇を抑える効果がある1−デオキシノジリマイシンや、カルシウム、鉄、マグネシウム、亜鉛などのミネラルが含まれていることが知られており、桑の葉のお茶は健康茶として飲用されている。また、桑の根皮(桑白皮)は、利尿作用や降圧作用を有することが知られており、漢方薬として用いられている。さらに、近年、桑の樹皮の抽出物に、ビフィズス菌増殖促進作用があることが特許文献1において報告されている。
特開2000−83654号公報
Mulberry belonging to the genus Mulberry is a plant that has long been familiar to Japanese and Chinese and Koreans. The leaves are known to contain 1-deoxynojirimycin, which has the effect of suppressing an increase in blood sugar levels, and minerals such as calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc. It is drunk as tea. Mulberry root bark (mulberry white bark) is known to have a diuretic action and an antihypertensive action, and is used as a Chinese medicine. Furthermore, in recent years, Patent Document 1 reports that an extract of mulberry bark has a bifidobacteria growth-promoting action.
JP 2000-83654 A

しかしながら、桑に含まれる成分やその機能性の全容が解明されるには至っておらず、桑は未だ明らかにされていない薬理作用を有する可能性を秘めている。
そこで本発明は、桑の新規な薬理用途を提供することを目的とする。
However, the components contained in mulberry and the entire functionality have not been elucidated, and mulberry has the potential to have a pharmacological action that has not yet been clarified.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel pharmacological use of mulberry.

本発明者は、上記に点に鑑みて鋭意研究を進めた結果、桑の樹皮の水溶性抽出物が優れた免疫賦活作用を有することを見出した。   As a result of diligent research in view of the above points, the present inventor has found that a water-soluble extract of mulberry bark has an excellent immunostimulatory action.

上記の知見に基づいてなされた本発明の免疫賦活剤は、請求項1記載の通り、カラヤマグワ(Morus alba L.)の樹皮(但し幹、枝、葉柄の部分のものに限る)の水溶性抽出物の40〜60%硫安画分を有効成分とすることを特徴とする。 The immunostimulant of the present invention made on the basis of the above findings is, as described in claim 1, water-soluble extraction of bark of Karaya mugaw (Morus alba L.) (but limited to stems, branches, petiole parts) 40 to 60% ammonium sulfate fraction of the product is an active ingredient.

本発明によれば、桑の新規な薬理用途として、桑の樹皮の水溶性抽出物を有効成分とする免疫賦活剤を提供することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the immunostimulant which uses the water-soluble extract of a mulberry bark as an active ingredient can be provided as a novel pharmacological use of a mulberry.

本発明の免疫賦活剤は、桑の樹皮の水溶性抽出物を有効成分とすることを特徴とするものである。本発明において用いることができる桑としては、例えば、カラヤマグワ(Morus alba L.)、ヤマグワ(Morus bombycis koidz)、ログワ(Morus latifolia Poir.)、シマグワ(Morus acidosa Griff.)、これらの交配種や交雑種などが挙げられる。桑の樹皮は、幹、枝、葉柄の部分のものを用いることが望ましい。樹皮は必ずしも髄を含む木心材などから分離して用いる必要はなく、幹、枝、葉柄そのものを用いてもよい。また、根の皮や根そのものを用いてもよい。 The immunostimulant of the present invention comprises a water-soluble extract of mulberry bark as an active ingredient. The mulberry that can be used in the present invention, for example, Karayamaguwa (Morus alba L.), Yamaguwa (Morus bombycis koidz), Roguwa (Morus latifolia Poir.), Shimaguwa (Morus acidosa Griff.), These hybrids and exchange Examples include hybrids. It is desirable to use the mulberry bark from the trunk, branches and petioles. The bark is not necessarily used separately from the wood core material including the marrow, and the trunk, branches, and petiole itself may be used. Further, the root skin or the root itself may be used.

桑の樹皮の水溶性抽出物は、例えば、乾燥させた桑の樹皮を粉砕して粉末にした後、これを水に投入し、3℃〜100℃で1時間〜1週間震盪させて成分抽出してからろ過することで、ろ液として得ることができる。得られたろ液は、そのまま液状抽出物として用いてもよいし、凍結乾燥を行って固形物や粉末にして用いてもよい。また、ろ液をさらにゲルろ過やイオンクロマトグラフィーや硫安分画などによって精製し、得られた画分を水溶性抽出物として用いてもよい。   The water-soluble extract of mulberry bark is, for example, pulverized dried mulberry bark to powder and then poured into water and shaken at 3 ° C to 100 ° C for 1 hour to 1 week to extract components Then, it can be obtained as a filtrate by filtering. The obtained filtrate may be used as a liquid extract as it is, or may be freeze-dried and used as a solid or powder. Further, the filtrate may be further purified by gel filtration, ion chromatography, ammonium sulfate fractionation, or the like, and the obtained fraction may be used as a water-soluble extract.

本発明における免疫賦活剤の有効成分である桑の樹皮の水溶性抽出物は、例えば、医薬部外品、医薬品、飲食品などの形態で人体に対して経口的に投与することができる。これらの形態における製剤組成は特段限定されるものではなく、自体公知の一般的なものを採用することができる。桑の樹皮の水溶性抽出物の投与量は、適用対象者の年齢や性別、症状の程度などに基づいて適宜決定することができ、適切な投与量を投与することにより、その免疫賦活作用に基づいて、例えば、癌の予防、細菌やウイルスに対する感染防御力の改善といった効果をもたらすことができる。   The water-soluble extract of mulberry bark that is an active ingredient of the immunostimulant in the present invention can be administered orally to the human body in the form of, for example, quasi-drugs, pharmaceuticals, food and drinks. The formulation composition in these forms is not particularly limited, and a general one known per se can be adopted. The dosage of the water-soluble extract of mulberry bark can be determined as appropriate based on the age, sex, symptom level, etc. of the subject of the application. Based on this, it is possible to bring about effects such as prevention of cancer and improvement of infection defense against bacteria and viruses.

以下、本発明を実施例によって詳細に説明するが、本発明は以下の記載に限定して解釈されるものではない。   EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is limited to the following description and is not interpreted.

実施例1:
(桑の樹皮の水溶性抽出物の調製)
日本産のカラヤマグワの樹皮(幹部と枝部のもの)100gを乾燥させた後、粉砕機で粉砕し、篩にかけて粉末化した。得られた粉末を超純水(MQ水)3500mLに投入し、4℃で48時間震盪させて成分抽出してからろ紙を用いてろ過することでろ液を得た。得られたろ液を凍結乾燥することで、褐色粉末からなるカラヤマグワの樹皮の水溶性抽出物を12g得た(収率12%)。
次に、上記の方法で得たカラヤマグワの樹皮の水溶性抽出物1gをセファデックスG−25Mにアプライし、溶出液として水を用いてゲルろ過を行い、30mLずつ分画して合計12の画分を得、それぞれの画分を凍結乾燥した(F1〜F12:溶出順)。表1にそれぞれの画分の凍結乾燥後の収量と収率を示す(水溶性抽出物1gに対する値)。
Example 1:
(Preparation of water-soluble extract of mulberry bark)
After drying 100 g of Japanese Karaya mug bark (trunk and branch), it was pulverized with a pulverizer and sieved to powder. The obtained powder was put into 3500 mL of ultrapure water (MQ water), shaken at 4 ° C. for 48 hours to extract components, and then filtered using filter paper to obtain a filtrate. The obtained filtrate was freeze-dried to obtain 12 g of a water-soluble extract of Karayamaguwa bark made of brown powder (yield 12%).
Next, 1 g of the water-soluble extract of Karayamagwa bark obtained by the above method was applied to Sephadex G-25M, gel filtration was performed using water as the eluent, and fractions were divided into 30 mL portions for a total of 12 fractions. The fractions were obtained and each fraction was lyophilized (F1-F12: elution order). Table 1 shows the yield and yield of each fraction after lyophilization (value relative to 1 g of water-soluble extract).

さらに、上記の方法で得た画分の1つであるF2画分に対し、20%,40%,60%,80%,100%の5種類の硫安分画を行い、それぞれの画分を凍結乾燥した。表2にそれぞれの画分の凍結乾燥後の収量と収率を示す(F2画分50mgに対する値)。   Furthermore, five types of ammonium sulfate fractions of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% were applied to the F2 fraction which is one of the fractions obtained by the above method, and each fraction was Lyophilized. Table 2 shows the yield and yield of each fraction after lyophilization (value for 50 mg of F2 fraction).

(免疫賦活作用の試験方法)
4週齢〜10週齢の正常なICR系マウス(雌)の脾臓を、PBS中、滅菌ワイヤーメッシュ上で緩やかに摩砕することで、脾臓細胞を無菌的に組織から分離した。分離した脾臓細胞に、赤血球除去のためのTris ammonium chloride - lysis buffer(17mM Tris HCl, 0.83% NH4Cl, pH7.2)を加えて室温で5分間インキュベートした。遠心分離によって上清を取り除いた後(1100rpm,11,10分間の条件で2回)、PBSを加え、得られた細胞懸濁液を再度遠心分離して細胞の洗浄を行った(1100rpm,11,5分間の条件で2回)。その後、細胞を、100U/mLのペニシリン、100μg/mLのストレプトマイシン、2mMのL−グルタミン、50μMの2−メルカプトエタノール、10%ウシ胎児血清を含むRPMI1640培地に懸濁し、5%CO存在下、37℃湿潤条件でインキュベートすることで、マウス脾臓リンパ球細胞浮遊液を得た。
次に、リンパ球細胞数が5×10cells/mLになるように培地で調整し、その100μLを96穴マイクロプレートの各ウェルに加えた。続いて、各ウェルに所定濃度の被検サンプルを11μL加え、5%CO存在下、37℃湿潤条件で48時間インキュベートした後、Ishiyamaらの方法に従い(Chem.Pharm.Bull.41,1118−1122,1993)、WST−1溶液を10μL加え、前述の条件でさらに4時間インキュベートしてから、マイクロプレートリーダーで450nmにおける吸光度を測定し、被検サンプルを加えずにインキュベートした際の吸光度を100とした場合の相対値でもって、被検サンプルのリンパ球細胞の増殖に対する作用(免疫賦活作用)を評価した。なお、この試験においては、ポジティブコントロールとしてLPS(リポ多糖)を用いた。
(Test method for immunostimulatory action)
The spleen cells were aseptically separated from the tissue by gently grinding the spleen of 4 to 10 week old normal ICR mice (female) on a sterile wire mesh in PBS. Tris ammonium chloride-lysis buffer (17 mM Tris HCl, 0.83% NH 4 Cl, pH 7.2) for removing red blood cells was added to the separated spleen cells and incubated at room temperature for 5 minutes. After removing the supernatant by centrifugation (twice under the conditions of 1100 rpm, 11 g , 10 minutes), PBS was added, and the resulting cell suspension was centrifuged again to wash the cells (1100 rpm, 11 g , twice for 5 minutes). The cells were then suspended in RPMI 1640 medium containing 100 U / mL penicillin, 100 μg / mL streptomycin, 2 mM L-glutamine, 50 μM 2-mercaptoethanol, 10% fetal calf serum, and in the presence of 5% CO 2 . A mouse spleen lymphocyte cell suspension was obtained by incubation at 37 ° C. under humid conditions.
Next, the medium was adjusted so that the number of lymphocytes was 5 × 10 6 cells / mL, and 100 μL thereof was added to each well of a 96-well microplate. Subsequently, 11 μL of a test sample having a predetermined concentration was added to each well and incubated for 48 hours in a 37 ° C. wet condition in the presence of 5% CO 2 , followed by the method of Ishiyama et al. (Chem. Pharm. 1122, 1993), 10 μL of WST-1 solution was added, and the mixture was further incubated for 4 hours under the above-mentioned conditions. Then, the absorbance at 450 nm was measured with a microplate reader, and the absorbance when incubated without adding the test sample was 100. The effect (immunostimulatory effect) on the proliferation of lymphocyte cells of the test sample was evaluated with the relative value in the case of the above. In this test, LPS (lipopolysaccharide) was used as a positive control.

(免疫賦活作用の試験結果)
(1) カラヤマグワの樹皮の水溶性抽出物(Direct)、カラヤマグワの樹皮の水溶性抽出物に対してゲルろ過を行うことで得た合計12の画分の凍結乾燥物(F1〜F12)を被検サンプルとした場合の試験結果を図1に示す(サンプル濃度:20μg/mL)。図1から明らかなように、いずれの被検サンプルも免疫賦活作用を示したが、中でも、F1画分とF2画分の免疫賦活作用は、LPSの免疫賦活作用よりも優れていた。
(2) カラヤマグワの樹皮の水溶性抽出物(Direct)、F2画分、F2画分に対して20%,40%,60%,80%,100%の5種類の硫安分画を行うことで得た画分の凍結乾燥物(F2(20%)画分,F2(40%)画分,F2(60%)画分,F2(80%)画分,F2(100%)画分)を被検サンプルとした場合の試験結果を図2(サンプル濃度:50μg/mL)と図3に示す(サンプル濃度:100μg/mL)。図2と図3から明らかなように、いずれの被検サンプルも免疫賦活作用を示したが、中でも、F2(40%)画分とF2(60%)画分の免疫賦活作用は、LPSの免疫賦活作用よりも優れていた。
(Test result of immunostimulatory effect)
(1) A lyophilized product (F1 to F12) of a total of 12 fractions obtained by performing gel filtration on a water-soluble extract (Direct) of Karayamaguwa bark and a water-soluble extract of Karayamaguwa bark FIG. 1 shows the test results when the test sample is used (sample concentration: 20 μg / mL). As is clear from FIG. 1, all the test samples showed an immunostimulatory action, and among them, the immunostimulatory action of the F1 fraction and the F2 fraction was superior to the immunostimulatory action of LPS.
(2) By performing 5 kinds of ammonium sulfate fractions of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% on the water-soluble extract (Direct) of Karayamagwa bark, F2 fraction and F2 fraction. Lyophilized product obtained (F2 (20%) fraction, F2 (40%) fraction, F2 (60%) fraction, F2 (80%) fraction, F2 (100%) fraction)) The test results for the test sample are shown in FIG. 2 (sample concentration: 50 μg / mL) and FIG. 3 (sample concentration: 100 μg / mL). As is clear from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, all the test samples showed an immunostimulatory action. Among them, the immunostimulatory action of the F2 (40%) fraction and the F2 (60%) fraction was the effect of LPS. It was superior to the immunostimulatory effect.

製剤例1:錠剤
以下の成分組成からなる免疫賦活のための錠剤を自体公知の方法で製造した。
桑の樹皮の水溶性抽出物 1
乳糖 80
ステアリン酸マグネシウム 19 (単位:重量%)
Formulation Example 1: Tablets Tablets for immunostimulation comprising the following component compositions were produced by a method known per se.
Water-soluble extract of mulberry bark 1
Lactose 80
Magnesium stearate 19 (unit: wt%)

製剤例2:ビスケット
以下の成分組成からなる免疫賦活のためのビスケットを自体公知の方法で製造した。
桑の樹皮の水溶性抽出物 1
薄力粉 32
全卵 16
バター 16
砂糖 24
水 10
ベーキングパウダー 1 (単位:重量%)
Formulation Example 2: Biscuits Biscuits for immunostimulation consisting of the following component compositions were produced by a method known per se.
Water-soluble extract of mulberry bark 1
Weak flour 32
Whole egg 16
Butter 16
Sugar 24
Water 10
Baking powder 1 (Unit:% by weight)

本発明は、桑の新規な薬理用途として、桑の樹皮の水溶性抽出物を有効成分とする免疫賦活剤を提供することができる点において産業上の利用可能性を有する。   The present invention has industrial applicability as a novel pharmacological use of mulberry in that it can provide an immunostimulant containing a water-soluble extract of mulberry bark as an active ingredient.

実施例における桑の樹皮の水溶性抽出物の免疫賦活作用を示すグラフである(サンプル濃度:20μg/mL)。It is a graph which shows the immunostimulation effect | action of the water-soluble extract of the mulberry bark in an Example (sample concentration: 20 microgram / mL). 同、別の結果を示すグラフである(サンプル濃度:50μg/mL)。It is a graph which shows another result similarly (sample concentration: 50 microgram / mL). 同、別の結果を示すグラフである(サンプル濃度:100μg/mL)。It is a graph which shows another result similarly (sample concentration: 100 microgram / mL).

Claims (1)

カラヤマグワ(Morus alba L.)の樹皮(但し幹、枝、葉柄の部分のものに限る)の水溶性抽出物の40〜60%硫安画分を有効成分とすることを特徴とする免疫賦活剤。 An immunostimulant comprising 40 to 60% ammonium sulfate fraction of a water-soluble extract of bark of Morus alba L. (limited to stems, branches and petioles) as an active ingredient.
JP2007230719A 2007-09-05 2007-09-05 Immunostimulator Active JP5327661B2 (en)

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