JP5325378B2 - Harmonic reduction device for power supply system - Google Patents

Harmonic reduction device for power supply system Download PDF

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JP5325378B2
JP5325378B2 JP2006240012A JP2006240012A JP5325378B2 JP 5325378 B2 JP5325378 B2 JP 5325378B2 JP 2006240012 A JP2006240012 A JP 2006240012A JP 2006240012 A JP2006240012 A JP 2006240012A JP 5325378 B2 JP5325378 B2 JP 5325378B2
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power supply
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power
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充律 尾崎
恵一 青山
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Shinmaywa Industries Ltd
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Description

本発明は、単一の交流電源に対し並列接続された複数の変圧整流器それぞれが、交流電力を直流電力に変換して出力する電源システムの高調波低減装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a harmonic reduction device for a power supply system in which a plurality of transformer rectifiers connected in parallel to a single AC power source convert AC power into DC power and output the same.

交流電源からの交流電力を整流回路によって直流電力に変換する電源システムにおいては、交流側に発生する高調波によってその入力電圧に歪みが生じる場合があり、従来より、そうした歪みを低減させるために種々の対策が施されている(例えば特許文献1参照)。
特開平7−288985号公報
In a power supply system that converts AC power from an AC power source into DC power using a rectifier circuit, the input voltage may be distorted by harmonics generated on the AC side. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-288985

ところで、例えば航空機の電源システムとして、複数の変圧整流器を並列に備えて構成されるシステムが存在し、そのシステムでは、例えばAPU発電機、外部電源又はエンジン駆動発電機といった単一の交流電源からの交流電力を各変圧整流器によって直流電力に変換して各種の直流負荷に供給する場合がある。   By the way, as an aircraft power supply system, for example, there is a system configured by including a plurality of transformer rectifiers in parallel, and in that system, a single AC power supply such as an APU generator, an external power supply, or an engine drive generator is used. In some cases, AC power is converted into DC power by each transformer rectifier and supplied to various DC loads.

ここで、前記複数の変圧整流器としては同一機種のものが採用されるため、その特性は互いに同じである。そのため、単一の交流電源から供給された交流電力を複数の変圧整流器によって直流電力に変換するときには、高調波に起因する入力電圧の歪みが複数の変圧整流器それぞれで同じように発生し、その歪みが重畳されることになる。その結果、入力電圧の歪みが大きくなって電源品質が大幅に低下してしまうことになり、例えば航空機に装備される各種負荷の、電源品質に対する要求を満たさなくなる虞もある。   Here, since the thing of the same model is employ | adopted as said several transformer rectifier, the characteristic is mutually the same. For this reason, when AC power supplied from a single AC power source is converted to DC power by a plurality of transformer rectifiers, distortion of the input voltage caused by harmonics is similarly generated in each of the plurality of transformer rectifiers. Will be superimposed. As a result, the distortion of the input voltage is increased and the power supply quality is greatly deteriorated. For example, there is a possibility that the various loads installed in the aircraft may not satisfy the demand for the power supply quality.

本発明は、かかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、単一の交流電源と、複数の変圧整流器とを備えた電源システムにおいて、電源品質の向上を図ることにある。   The present invention has been made in view of such points, and an object thereof is to improve power quality in a power supply system including a single AC power supply and a plurality of transformer rectifiers. .

本発明の一側面によると、電源システムの高調波低減装置は、単一の交流電源に対して並列接続されかつ、それぞれ直流電力を出力する複数の変圧整流器と、前記複数の変圧整流器の入力側それぞれに配置されかつ、前記複数の変圧整流器の入力電圧の位相互いに異なるように、入力電圧に対し出力電圧の位相をずらす移相変圧器と、を備え、前記各変圧整流器は、Y−Y−Δ結線の三相変圧器を含み、前記移相変圧器は、Y−Y接続の三相変圧器であって、二次側の巻線が、所定の巻数比で分割された巻線を千鳥結線することにより、入力電圧に対し出力電圧の位相をずらすよう構成され、前記各変圧整流器が発生する高調波の重畳を低減するように構成される。 According to one aspect of the present invention, the harmonic reducing device of power system, and connected in parallel to a single AC power source, and multiple transformer rectifier you outputting each DC power, said plurality of transformers rectifiers is arranged on the input side, respectively and the like phases of a plurality of input voltage of the transformer rectifier different from each other, and a phase-shifting transformer for shifting the phase of the output voltage to the input voltage, the respective transformer rectifier, A three-phase transformer of YY-Δ connection, wherein the phase-shifting transformer is a three-phase transformer of YY connection, and the secondary winding is divided at a predetermined turns ratio. by zigzag connecting the windings are configured such that the input voltage shift the output voltage of the phase, configured to reduce the superposition of harmonics each transformer rectifier occurs.

この構成によると、単一の交流電源に対して変圧整流器が並列に接続されており、その交流側では各変圧整流器が発生する高調波が重畳して歪みが大きくなるところを、移相変圧器によって、複数の変圧整流器の入力電圧の位相を互いに異ならせるため、変圧整流器に起因する歪みの位相が互いにずれる。その結果、歪みがなまされることになって電源品質の向上が図られる。 According to this configuration, the transformer rectifier is connected in parallel to a single AC power source, and on the AC side, the harmonics generated by each transformer rectifier are superimposed and the distortion increases . Therefore, the phases of the input voltages of the plurality of transformer rectifiers are made different from each other, so that the phases of distortion caused by the transformer rectifiers are shifted from each other. As a result, distortion is smoothed and power supply quality is improved.

つまり、前記移相変圧器は、Y−Y接続の三相変圧器であって、二次側の巻線が、所定の巻数比で分割された巻線を千鳥結線することにより、入力電圧に対し出力電圧の位相をずらすため、単一の交流電源からの入力電圧を受けて、複数の移相変圧器それぞれがその位相を変えて出力することになり、複数の変圧整流器の入力電圧の位相が互いに異なる。 In other words, the phase-shifting transformer is a Y-Y connected three-phase transformer, and the secondary side winding is staggered with a winding divided by a predetermined turns ratio, so that an input voltage is obtained. In order to shift the phase of the output voltage, the input voltage from a single AC power supply is received, and each of the plurality of phase-shifting transformers changes its phase and outputs. Are different from each other.

前記移相変圧器は、前記複数の変圧整流器の入力側それぞれに配置されているため、複数の変圧整流器を備えた既存の電源システムに対して、後付けで移相変圧器を設け、電源品質の向上が図られる。 The phase-shifting transformers, because they are located on the input side each of the plurality of transformers rectifiers, to an existing power supply system having a plurality of transformers rectifiers, the phase-shifting transformer is provided in retrofitting, the Power Quality Improvement is achieved.

前記各変圧整流器は、三相変圧器を含み、前記三相変圧器は、Y−Y接続の三相変圧器であって、二次側の巻線が、所定の巻数比で分割された巻線を千鳥結線することにより、入力電圧に対し出力電圧の位相をずらす移相変圧器である、としてもよい。こうすることで、各変圧整流器の変圧器が移相変圧器を兼用するため、その分、部品点数が低減すると共に、システム重量の低減が図られる。その結果、例えば本電源システムを航空機等の移動体の電源システムに適用した場合に有利になる。 Each of the transformer rectifiers includes a three-phase transformer, and the three-phase transformer is a Y-Y connected three-phase transformer, in which a secondary winding is divided by a predetermined turns ratio. It may be a phase-shifting transformer that shifts the phase of the output voltage with respect to the input voltage by staggering the lines . By doing so, since the transformer of each transformer rectifier also serves as a phase shift transformer, the number of parts is reduced and the system weight is reduced accordingly. As a result, for example, this power supply system is advantageous when applied to a power supply system for a mobile object such as an aircraft.

以上説明したように、本発明によれば、複数の変圧整流器の入力電圧の位相を互いに異ならせることによって、複数の変圧整流器それぞれから発生する高調波が互いにずれ、それによって入力電圧の歪みを小さくして電源品質を向上させることができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, by a Turkey at different phases of the input voltage of the plurality of transformers rectifiers each other, harmonics generated from each of the plurality of transformers rectifiers are shifted from one another, the distortion of which the input voltage The power quality can be improved by reducing the power consumption.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。尚、以下の好ましい実施形態の説明は、本質的に例示に過ぎず、本発明、その適用物或いはその用途を制限することを意図するものではない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the following description of the preferred embodiment is merely illustrative in nature, and is not intended to limit the present invention, its application, or its use.

図1は、本発明の実施形態に係る電源システムSの構成を示す。この電源システムSは、単一の交流電源1と、複数(図例では2つの)変圧整流器21,22と、を備えている。   FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a power supply system S according to an embodiment of the present invention. The power supply system S includes a single AC power supply 1 and a plurality (two in the illustrated example) of transformer rectifiers 21 and 22.

2つの変圧整流器21,22は、交流電源1に対して並列に接続されており、交流電源1からの交流電力を直流電力に変換して、複数の直流負荷(直流負荷群3)のそれぞれにその直流電力を供給する。   The two transformer rectifiers 21 and 22 are connected in parallel to the AC power source 1 and convert AC power from the AC power source 1 into DC power to each of a plurality of DC loads (DC load group 3). The DC power is supplied.

そして、本電源システムSは、位相調整手段41,42を備えており、この位相調整手段41,42は、前記複数の変圧整流器21,22の入力電圧の位相を互いに異ならせる機能を有している。それによって、単一の交流電源1に対して複数の変圧整流器21,22が並列に接続されており、交流側では、各変圧整流器21,22から発生する高調波が重畳して入力電圧の歪みが大きくなるところを、位相調整手段41,42が、複数の変圧整流器21,22の入力電圧の位相を互いに異ならせるため、変圧整流器21,22に起因する歪みの位相が互いにずれることになる。その結果、歪みがなまされて電源品質の向上が図られる。   And this power supply system S is provided with the phase adjustment means 41 and 42, and this phase adjustment means 41 and 42 has a function in which the phase of the input voltage of the said several transformer rectifiers 21 and 22 mutually differs. Yes. As a result, a plurality of transformer rectifiers 21 and 22 are connected in parallel to a single AC power supply 1, and on the AC side, harmonics generated from the transformer rectifiers 21 and 22 are superimposed to distort the input voltage. Since the phase adjustment means 41 and 42 make the phases of the input voltages of the plurality of transformer rectifiers 21 and 22 different from each other, the phases of distortion caused by the transformer rectifiers 21 and 22 are shifted from each other. As a result, distortion is smoothed and power supply quality is improved.

図2は、前記電源システムSが、航空機の電源システムSに適用された場合のブロック図を示している。   FIG. 2 shows a block diagram when the power supply system S is applied to an aircraft power supply system S.

この電源システムSは、第1〜第4エンジンのそれぞれによって駆動される第1〜第4の交流発電機#1-#4MAIN AC GENを備えており、各交流発電機MAIN AC GENからの三相交流電力は、各ACバス(L,R WF AC BUS、L,R ESS AC BUS、L,R NONESS AC BUS、FLT ESS ACBUS)を介して、図示は省略する各種の交流負荷に供給される。   This power supply system S includes first to fourth AC generators # 1 to # 4 MAIN AC GEN driven by the first to fourth engines, respectively, and three phases from each AC generator MAIN AC GEN. AC power is supplied to various AC loads (not shown) via each AC bus (L, RWF AC BUS, L, RESS AC BUS, L, R NONESS AC BUS, FLT ESS ACBUS).

また、各交流発電機MAIN AC GENからの三相交流電力は、第1〜第4の変圧整流器NO.1-4 TRUによって直流電力に変換された後、各DCバス(L,R ESS DCBUS、L,R NONESS DC BUS、FLT ESSDC BUS、NO.1-4 FCS DC BUS)を介して、図示は省略する各種の直流負荷に供給される。   Also, the three-phase AC power from each AC generator MAIN AC GEN is converted into DC power by the first to fourth transformer rectifiers NO.1-4 TRU, and then each DC bus (L, R ESS DCBUS, L, R NONESS DC BUS, FLT ESSDC BUS, NO.1-4 FCS DC BUS) to supply various DC loads not shown.

本電源システムSにはさらに、補助動力装置によって駆動されるAPU発電機APU GEN及び、外部電源のポートEXT PWRが備えられており、地上ではAPU発電機APU GEN、外部電源のポートEXT PWR、又は交流発電機MAIN AC GENからの三相交流電力が、第1〜第4の変圧整流器NO.1-4 TRUに入力されて各種の直流負荷に直流電力が供給される。従って、本実施形態では、APU発電機APU GEN、外部電源のポートEXT PWR又は交流発電機MAIN AC GENが、本発明の単一の交流電源に対応する。尚、上空に置いても単一の交流発電機MAIN AC GENからの三相交流電力が、第1〜第4の変圧整流器NO.1-4 TRUに入力されて各種の直流負荷に直流電力が供給される場合がある。   The power supply system S further includes an APU generator APU GEN driven by an auxiliary power unit and an external power supply port EXT PWR. On the ground, the APU generator APU GEN, an external power supply port EXT PWR, or Three-phase AC power from the AC generator MAIN AC GEN is input to the first to fourth transformer rectifiers NO.1-4 TRU, and DC power is supplied to various DC loads. Therefore, in this embodiment, the APU generator APU GEN, the external power supply port EXT PWR, or the AC generator MAIN AC GEN corresponds to the single AC power supply of the present invention. Even if it is placed in the sky, three-phase AC power from a single AC generator MAIN AC GEN is input to the 1st to 4th transformer rectifiers NO.1-4 TRU, and DC power is supplied to various DC loads. May be supplied.

図3は、各変圧整流器TRUの構成を示しており、この変圧整流器TRUは、Y−Y−Δ結線の三相変圧器61と、ダイオードを含むブリッジ回路により構成された三相全波整流回路62と、から構成されており、変圧器61によって交流電力を変圧し、整流回路62によって全波整流して出力する。尚、第1〜第4の変圧整流器NO.1-4 TRUは、互いに同じ構成である。   FIG. 3 shows the configuration of each transformer rectifier TRU. This transformer rectifier TRU is a three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit constituted by a three-phase transformer 61 having a YY-Δ connection and a bridge circuit including a diode. 62, AC power is transformed by a transformer 61, full-wave rectified by a rectifier circuit 62, and output. The first to fourth transformer rectifiers NO.1-4 TRU have the same configuration.

前記構成の変圧整流器TRUは、その整流回路62にダイオードを含んでいるため、そのダイオードがオフからオンに切り換わる瞬間に大きく電圧降下し、入力電圧の波形を歪ませ、高調波として現れる。   Since the transformer rectifier TRU configured as described above includes a diode in the rectifier circuit 62, the voltage drops greatly at the moment when the diode switches from off to on, and the waveform of the input voltage is distorted and appears as a harmonic.

しかも前記構成の電源システムSでは、APU発電機APU GEN、外部電源EXT PWR又は交流発電機MAIN AC GENから交流電力が供給される場合、同じ構成の第1〜第4の変圧整流器NO.1-4 TRUが、単一の交流電源(APU発電機APU GEN、外部電源EXT PWR又は交流発電機MAIN AC GEN)に並列に接続されることになるため、各変圧整流器TRUで発生した高調波が交流側で重畳し、入力電圧の歪みをさらに大きくしてしまう。   Moreover, in the power supply system S having the above configuration, when AC power is supplied from the APU generator APU GEN, the external power supply EXT PWR, or the AC generator MAIN AC GEN, the first to fourth transformer rectifiers NO.1- 4 Since the TRU is connected in parallel to a single AC power source (APU generator APU GEN, external power source EXT PWR or AC generator MAIN AC GEN), the harmonics generated by each transformer rectifier TRU are AC Superimpose on the side and further increase the distortion of the input voltage.

そこで、本電源システムSは、図2に示すように、各変圧整流器TRUの入力側に、位相調整手段としての移相変圧器(第1〜第4移相変圧器51〜54)を設けている。   Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, this power supply system S is provided with phase shift transformers (first to fourth phase shift transformers 51 to 54) as phase adjusting means on the input side of each transformer rectifier TRU. Yes.

各移相変圧器5は、図4に示すように、Y−Y接続の内鉄形三相変圧器であって、その二次側の巻線が千鳥結線とされている。つまり、二次側の巻線はそれぞれ、L1a’とL1b’と、L2a’とL2b’と、L3a’とL3b’と、に分割されており、L1a’とL3b’とが同じ脚に巻回され、L2a’とL1b’とが同じ脚に巻回され、L3a’とL2b’とが同じ脚に巻回されている。そうして、L1a’の他端とL1b’の一端とが互いに接続され、L2a’の他端とL2b’の一端とが互いに接続され、L3a’の他端とL3b’の一端とが互いに接続されている。また、L1a’、L2a’及びL3a’の一端同士が互いに接続され、L1b’、L2b’及びL3b’の他端はそれぞれ、移相変圧器5の出力端子A’,B’,C’に接続されている。   As shown in FIG. 4, each phase-shifting transformer 5 is a YY-connected inner iron type three-phase transformer, and its secondary winding is staggered. That is, the secondary windings are divided into L1a ′ and L1b ′, L2a ′ and L2b ′, L3a ′ and L3b ′, respectively, and L1a ′ and L3b ′ are wound around the same leg. L2a ′ and L1b ′ are wound around the same leg, and L3a ′ and L2b ′ are wound around the same leg. Thus, the other end of L1a ′ and one end of L1b ′ are connected to each other, the other end of L2a ′ and one end of L2b ′ are connected to each other, and the other end of L3a ′ and one end of L3b ′ are connected to each other. Has been. Also, one ends of L1a ′, L2a ′ and L3a ′ are connected to each other, and the other ends of L1b ′, L2b ′ and L3b ′ are connected to output terminals A ′, B ′ and C ′ of the phase shift transformer 5, respectively. Has been.

そして、L1a’とL1b’と、L2a’とL2b’と、L3a’とL3b’と、の巻数比はそれぞれ所定の巻数比に設定されており、そのことによって、移相変圧器5の出力電圧は、入力電圧に対して0〜120°の範囲で、その巻数比に対応する位相でずれる。   Then, the turn ratios of L1a ′ and L1b ′, L2a ′ and L2b ′, and L3a ′ and L3b ′ are respectively set to predetermined turn ratios, whereby the output voltage of the phase shift transformer 5 is set. Is shifted by a phase corresponding to the turn ratio in the range of 0 to 120 ° with respect to the input voltage.

前記第1〜第4移相変圧器51〜54は、互いに同じ構成とされている(つまり、L1a’とL1b’と、L2a’とL2b’と、L3a’とL3b’と、の巻数比はそれぞれ所定の巻数比で同じである)が、第1〜第4移相変圧器51〜54それぞれと第1〜第4変圧整流器NO.1-4 TRUそれぞれとの接続は、互いに異なっている。すなわち、移相変圧器5の出力端子A’,B’,C’と変圧整流器TRUの入力端子との接続が、第1〜第4で互いに異なっている。そのことによって、第1〜第4変圧整流器NO.1-4 TRUに入力される交流電圧の位相が、その第1〜第4変圧整流器NO.1-4TRUで互いに異なるようになる。   The first to fourth phase-shifting transformers 51 to 54 have the same configuration (that is, the turns ratio of L1a ′ and L1b ′, L2a ′ and L2b ′, and L3a ′ and L3b ′ is However, the connections between the first to fourth phase shift transformers 51 to 54 and the first to fourth transformer rectifiers NO.1-4 TRU are different from each other. That is, the connection between the output terminals A ′, B ′, C ′ of the phase shift transformer 5 and the input terminal of the transformer rectifier TRU is different from the first to the fourth. As a result, the phases of the AC voltages input to the first to fourth transformer rectifiers NO.1-4 TRU are different from each other in the first to fourth transformer rectifiers NO.1-4 TRU.

その結果、変圧整流器TRUに起因する歪みの位相が、第1〜第4変圧整流器NO.1-4 TRUで互いにずれることになり、入力電圧の歪みがなまされて電源品質が向上する。   As a result, the phase of distortion caused by the transformer rectifier TRU is shifted from each other in the first to fourth transformer rectifiers NO.1-4 TRU, distortion of the input voltage is smoothed, and power supply quality is improved.

本電源システムSは、複数の変圧整流器TRUを備えた既存の電源システムSに対して、後付けで移相変圧器5を設けることによって構成することが可能である。   This power supply system S can be configured by providing a phase-shifting transformer 5 as a retrofit to an existing power supply system S having a plurality of transformer rectifiers TRU.

尚、移相変圧器5を設ける代わりに、前記第1〜第4変圧整流器NO.1-4 TRUにおける三相変圧器61を移相変圧器に構成してもよい。   Instead of providing the phase shift transformer 5, the three-phase transformer 61 in the first to fourth transformer rectifiers NO.1-4 TRU may be configured as a phase shift transformer.

以上説明したように、本発明は、複数の変圧整流器それぞれが発生する高調波に起因する入力電圧の歪みを小さくして電源品質を向上させることができるから、航空機や船舶等の移動体の電源システムは勿論のこと、単一の交流電源に対して複数の変圧整流器が並列に接続された各種の電源システムに広く適用することができる。   As described above, the present invention can improve power supply quality by reducing distortion of input voltage caused by harmonics generated by each of a plurality of transformer rectifiers. Of course, the present invention can be widely applied to various power supply systems in which a plurality of transformer rectifiers are connected in parallel to a single AC power supply.

電源システムの高調波低減装置の実施方法を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the implementation method of the harmonic reduction apparatus of a power supply system. 本発明の電源システムの高調波低減装置を航空機の電源システムに適用した場合の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure at the time of applying the harmonic reduction apparatus of the power supply system of this invention to the power supply system of an aircraft. 変圧整流器の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of a transformer rectifier. 移相変圧器の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of a phase shift transformer.

1 交流電源
21,22 変圧整流器
41,42 位相調整手段
51〜54 移相変圧器
S 電源システム
TRU 変圧整流器
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 AC power supplies 21 and 22 Transformer rectifiers 41 and 42 Phase adjustment means 51-54 Phase shift transformer S Power supply system TRU Transformer rectifier

Claims (1)

単一の交流電源に対して並列接続されかつ、それぞれ直流電力を出力する複数の変圧整流器と、
前記複数の変圧整流器の入力側それぞれに配置されかつ、前記複数の変圧整流器の入力電圧の位相互いに異なるように、入力電圧に対し出力電圧の位相をずらす移相変圧器と、を備え、
前記各変圧整流器は、Y−Y−Δ結線の三相変圧器を含み、
前記移相変圧器は、Y−Y接続の三相変圧器であって、二次側の巻線が、所定の巻数比で分割された巻線を千鳥結線することにより、入力電圧に対し出力電圧の位相をずらすよう構成され
前記各変圧整流器が発生する高調波の重畳を低減するように構成されている電源システムの高調波低減装置。
A plurality of transformer rectifiers connected in parallel to a single AC power source and each outputting DC power;
Said plurality of arranged on the input side each transformer rectifiers and the like phases of a plurality of input voltage of the transformer rectifier different from each other, and a phase-shifting transformer for shifting the phase of the output voltage to the input voltage,
Each of the transformer rectifiers includes a three-phase transformer of Y-Y-Δ connection,
The phase-shifting transformer is a Y-Y connected three-phase transformer, in which the secondary side winding is output in response to the input voltage by staggering windings divided at a predetermined turns ratio. Configured to shift the phase of the voltage,
A harmonic reduction device for a power supply system configured to reduce superposition of harmonics generated by each of the transformer rectifiers.
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