JP5323276B2 - Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a technique effective when applied to an IPS (In-Plane Switching) mode liquid crystal display device using a photolytic alignment film for controlling the alignment of a liquid crystal layer. Is.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an active matrix liquid crystal display device (hereinafter simply referred to as “liquid crystal display device”) has been widely used in, for example, liquid crystal televisions, liquid crystal displays for personal computers, and liquid crystal displays for portable electronic devices.

  These liquid crystal display devices have a liquid crystal display panel in which a liquid crystal layer is sealed between a pair of substrates, and the liquid crystal display panel has a display region in which a plurality of pixels are arranged in a dot matrix. At this time, each pixel has an active element, a pixel electrode, a common electrode, and a liquid crystal layer, and the orientation of the liquid crystal layer changes and the light transmittance changes depending on the potential difference between the pixel electrode and the common electrode. . At this time, the arrangement method of the pixel electrode and the common electrode is roughly divided into a method of arranging these electrodes on different substrates and a method of arranging them on the same substrate.

  As an operation mode (method for changing the alignment) of the liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal display panel in which the pixel electrode and the common electrode are arranged on different substrates, for example, a TN (Twisted Nematic) mode, an STN (Super Twisted Nematic) mode, and a VA (Vertical) The Aligned or Vertical Alignment mode is well known. As an operation mode of a liquid crystal layer in a liquid crystal display panel in which a pixel electrode and a common electrode are arranged on the same substrate, for example, an IPS mode and an FFS (Fringe Field Switching) mode are well known.

  In the IPS mode liquid crystal display panel, the orientation of the liquid crystal layer is homogeneous when there is no potential difference between the pixel electrode and the common electrode. When a potential difference is applied between the pixel electrode and the common electrode, a so-called lateral electric field mainly including a component parallel to the substrate plane is applied to the liquid crystal layer, thereby changing the alignment state of the liquid crystal layer. At this time, the change in the alignment state of the liquid crystal layer is mainly the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules in a plane substantially parallel to the substrate plane, and the change in the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules is small. Therefore, an IPS mode liquid crystal display panel has a small change in the effective value of retardation due to voltage application, and a display with excellent gradation reproducibility can be obtained in a wide viewing angle range.

  By the way, not only the IPS mode liquid crystal display panel but also a conventional general liquid crystal display panel has an alignment film for controlling the alignment state of the liquid crystal layer when no electric field is applied.

  Conventionally, the alignment film is generally formed by forming an insulating film such as a polyimide resin and then rubbing the surface of the insulating film.

  However, in the method of forming an alignment film by rubbing the surface of the insulating film, for example, a part of the insulating film peeled off by the rubbing process remains and is mixed into the liquid crystal layer, which causes deterioration in display quality. There were problems such as becoming.

  Therefore, a recent method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel proposes a method of forming an alignment film by irradiating a photolytic insulating film with predetermined light (for example, ultraviolet rays having a bright line in a wavelength range from 240 nm to 400 nm). Has been.

  However, when an alignment film formed by irradiating light to the insulating film (hereinafter referred to as a photo-alignment film) is used, practical alignment (for example, uniformity of alignment of the liquid crystal layer when no electric field is applied) ), It is necessary to increase the amount of light irradiation. Therefore, the conventional photo-alignment film is usually colored yellow, and the light transmittance is reduced. Therefore, in the liquid crystal display panel having the photo-alignment film, the light transmittance in each pixel is lowered by the amount that the light transmittance is lowered in the photo-alignment film.

  In a liquid crystal display panel of IPS mode, as a method for preventing a decrease in light transmittance due to coloring of the photo-alignment film, for example, a substrate having no active element or pixel electrode out of a pair of substrates (hereinafter referred to as a counter substrate) The amount of light irradiation when forming the photo-alignment film on the substrate) is larger than the amount of irradiation when forming the photo-alignment film on the substrate having the active element or the pixel electrode (hereinafter referred to as TFT substrate). There has been proposed a method of reducing the number (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-033672 A

  However, in an IPS mode liquid crystal display panel, if the amount of light irradiation when forming the photo-alignment film on the counter substrate side is reduced, for example, the orientation of the photo-alignment film is lowered, and an afterimage due to it is likely to occur. Become.

  Therefore, when reducing the amount of light irradiation when forming the photo-alignment film on the counter substrate side, the amount of irradiation must be, for example, an amount in which the generated afterimage remains within an allowable range.

  In the liquid crystal display panel described in Patent Document 1, as an example of the light irradiation amount when forming the photo-alignment film on the counter substrate side, 30% of the irradiation amount when forming the photo-alignment film on the TFT substrate side is reduced. The lower limit is preferably 40% to 50%.

  That is, in a conventional IPS mode liquid crystal display panel having a photo-alignment film, it is possible to suppress a decrease in light transmittance due to the coloring of the photo-alignment film and to suppress generation of an afterimage due to a decrease in the alignment property of the photo-alignment film. There was a problem that it was difficult to achieve both.

  An object of the present invention is, for example, to provide a technique capable of achieving both improvement in light transmittance and suppression of occurrence of an afterimage in an IPS mode liquid crystal display panel having a photo-alignment film.

  The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will be apparent from the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings.

  The outline of typical inventions among the inventions disclosed in the present application will be described as follows.

  (1) A liquid crystal display panel in which pixels having an active element, a pixel electrode, a common electrode, and a liquid crystal layer are arranged in a dot matrix. The liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and A liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate comprising the active element, the pixel electrode, the common electrode, and a first alignment film; The second substrate has a second alignment film, and the first alignment film and the second alignment film are each formed by irradiating a photolytic insulating film with light. A liquid crystal display device that is a photo-alignment film, wherein the second alignment film is thinner than the first alignment film and has a thickness of 10 nm to 50 nm.

  (2) The liquid crystal display device according to (1), wherein the first alignment film has a thickness of 80 nm to 130 nm.

  (3) a first step of forming a first substrate having a first alignment film; a second step of forming a second substrate having a second alignment film; the first substrate; And a third step of sealing the liquid crystal layer between the pair of substrates, and the first alignment film and the second alignment film are photodecomposed, respectively. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which is formed by performing an alignment treatment to irradiate light of a predetermined condition on an insulating film of a mold, wherein the first step includes a plurality of steps on a first insulating substrate. Forming a first thin film stack having a scanning signal line, a plurality of video signal lines, a plurality of active elements, a plurality of pixel electrodes, a common electrode, and a plurality of insulating layers; Forming the first alignment film thereon, and the second alignment film includes the first alignment film. Alignment film formed thinner than, and the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device in which the thickness after applying the alignment treatment is such that the 10nm or 50nm or less.

  (4) In the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to (3), the first alignment film has a thickness of not less than 80 nm and not more than 130 nm after the alignment treatment is performed. .

  (5) In the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to (3), the amount of light irradiated for performing the alignment treatment on the second alignment film is such that the alignment treatment is performed on the first alignment film. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device in which the amount of irradiated light is 10% or more and 50% or less.

  (6) In the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to (3), the second step is to provide a second thin film stack having a plurality of color filters and a planarizing layer on a second insulating substrate. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, comprising: a step of forming; and a step of forming the second alignment film on the second thin film stack.

  According to the liquid crystal display device and the method for manufacturing the same of the present invention, it is possible to achieve both improvement in light transmittance and suppression of occurrence of afterimage in a liquid crystal display panel having a photo-alignment film.

It is a schematic plan view which shows an example of the plane structure of the pixel in the liquid crystal display panel of Example 1 by this invention. It is a schematic cross section which shows an example of the cross-sectional structure in the position of the A-A 'line | wire of FIG. It is a schematic cross section which shows an example of the cross-sectional structure in the position of the B-B 'line | wire of FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of an operation of a pixel (liquid crystal layer) in the liquid crystal display panel of Example 1. FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the relationship between the thickness of an alignment film, and light transmittance. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the relationship between the thickness of an alignment film, and AC afterimage intensity. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the principal point of the liquid crystal display panel of Example 2 by this invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail together with embodiments (examples) with reference to the drawings.
In all the drawings for explaining the embodiments, parts having the same function are given the same reference numerals and their repeated explanation is omitted.

1 to 4 are schematic views showing a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal display panel of Example 1 according to the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view illustrating an example of a planar configuration of pixels in a liquid crystal display panel according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a cross-sectional configuration at the position of the line AA ′ in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a cross-sectional configuration at the position of line BB ′ in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the operation of the pixel (liquid crystal layer) in the liquid crystal display panel of the first embodiment.

  In the first embodiment, as an example of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, a liquid crystal display device that employs an active matrix driving method and an operation mode of a liquid crystal layer is an IPS mode. The present invention relates to the configuration of the liquid crystal display panel of the liquid crystal display device, particularly the configuration of the alignment film. Basically, any configuration other than the configuration of the alignment film may be used. Therefore, in the following description in this specification, only the configuration of the liquid crystal display panel in the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, for example, the liquid crystal display panel according to the present invention includes a first substrate 1, a second substrate 2, a liquid crystal layer 3, a first polarizing plate 4, and a second polarizing plate. 5 The liquid crystal display panel shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a so-called transmission type that modulates the light from the backlight and displays an image or an image. The light 6 from the backlight is, for example, the first polarized light. The light enters the liquid crystal display panel from the plate 4 side. At this time, the amount of light 6 that passes through the liquid crystal display panel is determined by the polarization state of the light 6 that has passed through the first polarizing plate 4 and the liquid crystal layer 3 and the direction of the transmission axis (absorption axis) of the second polarizing plate 5. It changes according to the relationship.

  The first substrate 1 includes a first insulating substrate 7, a first thin film stack formed on the first insulating substrate 7, and a first orientation formed on the first thin film stack. It has a membrane 8. The first insulating substrate 7 is a transparent insulating substrate such as a glass substrate. The first thin film stack includes a plurality of scanning signal lines 9, a first insulating layer 10, a plurality of video signal lines 11, a plurality of active elements 12, a second insulating layer 13, a common electrode 14, and a third insulation. It has a layer 15 and a pixel electrode 16. The first alignment film 8 is a photo-alignment film formed by irradiating a photolytic insulating film with ultraviolet rays, as will be described later.

  The second substrate 2 includes a second insulating substrate 17, a second thin film stack formed on the second insulating substrate 17, and a second thin film stack formed on the second thin film stack. An alignment film 18 is provided. The second insulating substrate 17 is a transparent insulating substrate such as a glass substrate. The second thin film stack includes, for example, a black matrix 19 (light-shielding film), a color filter 20, and a planarizing layer 21. The second alignment film 18 is a photo-alignment film formed by irradiating a photolytic insulating film with ultraviolet rays, as will be described later.

  The liquid crystal display panel of Example 1 has a display area in which a plurality of pixels are arranged in a dot matrix. Each pixel includes a liquid crystal layer 3, an active element 12 provided on the first substrate 1, and a pixel. The electrode 16 and the common electrode 14 are included. FIG. 1 shows a planar configuration of three pixels arranged along the direction (x direction) in which the scanning signal lines 9 extend.

  When the liquid crystal display panel is compatible with RGB color display, the color filter 20 of each pixel includes a red filter that transmits only red light and a green filter that transmits only green light. Either a filter or a blue filter that transmits only blue light. At this time, one dot (picture element) of a video or an image is composed of three pixels, a pixel having a red filter, a pixel having a green filter, and a pixel having a blue filter. The signal lines 9 are arranged in the extending direction (x direction).

  The active element 12 is a TFT element having a part of the scanning signal line 9 as a gate electrode, and a semiconductor layer (not shown) stacked on the gate electrode with the first insulating layer 10 interposed therebetween. In addition, the first source-drain electrode 12s and a part of the video signal line (second source-drain electrode) are connected to the semiconductor layer. At this time, the first source-drain electrode 12s is connected to the pixel electrode 16 through the contact hole CH.

  At this time, the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 14 are stacked via the third insulating layer 15, and the pixel electrode 16, which is an electrode closer to the liquid crystal layer 3, has a comb-like planar shape. It has become. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the extending direction of the teeth of the pixel electrode 16 is parallel to the extending direction of the video signal line 11 (y direction). However, the extending direction of the teeth is not limited to this. It may be in another direction.

  The first alignment film 8 and the second alignment film 18 are insulating films that control the alignment of the liquid crystal layer 3 when no electric field is applied, that is, when there is no potential difference between the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 14. In the case of an IPS mode liquid crystal display panel, the alignment of the liquid crystal layer 3 when no electric field is applied is a homogeneous alignment. At this time, assuming that the planar shape of the pixel electrode 16 having a comb shape is as shown in FIG. 1, the first alignment film 8 and the second alignment film 18 are, for example, when no electric field is applied. The liquid crystal molecules 3M are formed so that the acute angle α formed by the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 3M and the direction in which the scanning signal lines 9 extend (x direction) is 75 ° to 85 °.

  In the pixel having such a configuration, when a potential difference is applied between the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 14, for example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, an arch shape connecting these electrodes through the liquid crystal layer 3. Electric field lines 22 are formed. At this time, an electric field (so-called lateral electric field) mainly composed of a component parallel to the substrate plane (xy plane) is applied to the liquid crystal layer 3. When a horizontal electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer 3 of homogeneous alignment, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 3 (major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 3M) changes so as to rotate mainly in the substrate plane. Change occurs.

  In addition, the orientation change of the liquid crystal layer 3 occurs in a portion to which a lateral electric field is applied, that is, a region BL shown in FIG. 4, and the change propagates in the thickness direction (z direction) of the liquid crystal layer 3. At this time, the liquid crystal molecules 3M in the vicinity of the interface with the first alignment film 8 and in the vicinity of the interface with the second alignment film 18 in the liquid crystal layer 3 are affected by the alignment regulating force by these alignment films. Rotation in the substrate plane is suppressed. As a result, the alignment state of the liquid crystal layer 3 to which a lateral electric field is applied is a twisted alignment as shown in FIG.

  As described above, the first alignment film 8 and the second alignment film 18 in the liquid crystal display panel of Example 1 are each formed by irradiating the photolytic insulating film with ultraviolet rays. It is. A specific method for forming this photo-alignment film is, for example, as follows.

  First, in order to obtain a photolytic insulating material used for forming a photo-alignment film, for example, 1.0 mol% of p-phenylenediamine is dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and then cyclobutane is added thereto. 1 mol% of tetracarboxylic dianhydride was added and reacted at 20 ° C. for 12 hours. The weight average molecular weight in terms of standard polystyrene was about 100,000, and the weight average molecular weight / number average molecular weight (Mv / Mn) was about 1.6. A polyamic acid varnish is obtained.

  Next, after diluting this polyamic acid varnish to a concentration of 6% and adding 0.3% by weight of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in solids, the first thin film laminate and the second thin film laminate It is printed on and heated at 210 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a photolytic insulating film (polyimide film).

Thereafter, the photodecomposition type polyimide film is subjected to an alignment process of irradiating light (ultraviolet rays) from a polarized UV lamp having a bright line in a wavelength range of 240 nm to 400 nm, for example. This alignment treatment is performed, for example, by irradiating ultraviolet light from a high-pressure mercury lamp with linear irradiation with a polarization ratio of about 20: 1 using a pile polarizer laminated with a quartz substrate at an irradiation energy of about 4 J / cm ^2. . At this time, the direction of linearly polarized light is set to a direction orthogonal to the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 3M when no electric field is applied.

  By the way, in the case where the first alignment film 8 and the second alignment film 18 are optical alignment films formed by the procedure as described above, if the conventional forming method is used, these alignment films become yellow as described above. Color.

  Further, in the case where the first alignment film 8 and the second alignment film 18 are photo-alignment films formed by the procedure as described above, coloring due to irradiation with light (ultraviolet rays) is not limited to the alignment film. The inventors of the present application have found that an insulating film formed of an organic material such as the planarizing layer 21 also occurs. In addition, the inventors of the present application provide a first substrate 1 in which the first thin film stack is made of only an inorganic material, and a second substrate in which only the planarization layer 21 of the second thin film stack is made of an organic material. 2 and measuring the degree of coloration, the contribution ratio of the first alignment film 8, the second alignment film 18, and the planarization layer 21 to the decrease in transmittance is It was found to be approximately equal (ie 1: 1: 1).

  That is, the coloring of the first alignment film 8 and the second alignment film 18 greatly contributes to a decrease in the transmittance of the liquid crystal display panel. Therefore, when the first alignment film 8 and the second alignment film 18 are photo-alignment films, it is necessary to suppress the coloring amount of these alignment films in order to prevent a decrease in the transmittance of the liquid crystal display panel.

  In the conventional method for forming a photo-alignment film, as a method for suppressing the amount of coloring, as described above, for example, the amount of light irradiated when forming the photo-alignment film (second alignment film 18) of the second substrate 2 Has been proposed in which the amount of irradiation is less than the amount of irradiation when the photo-alignment film (first alignment film 8) of the first substrate 1 is formed. However, in this method, as described above, it is difficult to satisfy both the prevention of the light transmittance reduction due to the coloring of the alignment film and the suppression of the occurrence of the afterimage due to the deterioration of the orientation.

  On the other hand, in the liquid crystal display panel of Example 1, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the thickness D2 of the photo-alignment film (second alignment film 18) of the second substrate 2 is set to the first substrate. By making it thinner than the thickness D1 of one photo-alignment film (first alignment film 8), it is possible to prevent the light transmittance from being reduced due to the coloring of the alignment film, and to suppress the occurrence of afterimages due to the decrease in the orientation. Make both.

5 and 6 are schematic views for explaining preferable values as the thicknesses of the first alignment film and the second alignment film in the liquid crystal display panel of Example 1. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the relationship between the thickness of the alignment film and the light transmittance. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the relationship between the thickness of the alignment film and the AC afterimage intensity.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the alignment film thickness D (nm) on the horizontal axis and the light transmittance TR _ORI (%) on the vertical axis. Moreover, in FIG. 5, the diamond-shaped point has shown the measurement result by this inventor, and the straight line to the right shows the regression line obtained from the said measurement result.
FIG. 6 is a graph of the alignment film thickness D (nm) on the horizontal axis and the AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC (%) on the vertical axis. In FIG. 6, white diamond points indicate the AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC when the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is fixed to 100 nm and the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 is changed. The measurement results are shown, and the dotted curve shows a regression curve obtained from the measurement results. In FIG. 6, white circular points indicate AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC when the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 is fixed to 100 nm and the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is changed. The measurement results are shown, and the solid curve shows a regression curve obtained from the measurement results.

When the inventors of the present application examined the relationship between the thickness of the photo-alignment film and the light transmittance, for example, a result as shown in FIG. 5 was obtained. 5 shows, for example, the thickness and light of the photo-alignment film when only the photo-alignment film is formed on a glass substrate having the same thickness as the first insulating substrate 7 and the second insulating substrate 17. The relationship with the transmittance is shown. The photo-alignment film is formed by the above procedure, and the irradiation amount of light (ultraviolet rays) is a fixed amount regardless of the thickness (for example, light having an irradiation energy of 4 mW / cm ² is applied for 16 minutes. For 40 seconds, the integrated dose is 4 J / cm ² ).

As can be seen from FIG. 5, even when the light irradiation amount is constant, the light transmittance TR _ORI of the photo-alignment film increases as the thickness D of the photo-alignment film decreases. Therefore, if the first alignment film 8 and the second alignment film 18 are thinned, it is considered that a decrease in light transmittance due to coloring can be suppressed without impairing the alignment of these alignment films.

  Therefore, the degree (intensity) of the afterimage when the first alignment film 8 and the second alignment film 18 are made thin is the general thickness of the conventional first alignment film and the second alignment film (for example, If it is about the same as that at the time of about 100 nm), it is considered that the reduction of the light transmittance due to the coloring of the alignment film can be prevented and the occurrence of the afterimage due to the decrease in the orientation can be suppressed.

Therefore, the inventors of the present application examined the degree (intensity) of the afterimage when the first alignment film 8 and the second alignment film 18 were thinned. For example, the results shown in FIG. 6 were obtained. . 6 shows, for example, a window when a window pattern is displayed on the screen at the maximum brightness for 30 minutes and then the pattern on the screen is switched so that the brightness is 10% of the maximum brightness, and two minutes have passed. It is the luminance variation of the brightness B of the residual image portion and the peripheral halftone portion size .DELTA.B _{/ B 10%} of the AC after image intensity _{IoS AC.}

The AC afterimage intensity IOS _{AC on} the vertical axis in the graph shown in FIG. 6 is an afterimage intensity that serves as an afterimage index in an IPS mode liquid crystal display panel. For example, the alignment of the liquid crystal layer 3 by the first alignment film 8 is performed. This is related to the regulating force and the orientation regulating force of the liquid crystal layer 3 by the second alignment film 18.

As can be seen from FIG. 6, when the thickness of the second alignment film 18 is fixed and the thickness of the first alignment film 8 is changed, the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 is in the range of 100 nm or less. The AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC increases as the thickness decreases. In this way, the thickness D1 is the range 100nm of the first alignment film 8, why AC after image intensity _{IoS AC} depends on the thickness, for example, when the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 is reduced It is considered that the electric field applied in the vicinity of the interface with the first alignment film 8 in the liquid crystal layer 3 becomes relatively strong, and the twist of the liquid crystal molecules 3M increases.

On the other hand, as can be seen from FIG. 6, when the thickness of the first alignment film 8 is fixed and the thickness of the second alignment film 18 is changed, the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is 100 nm or less. Even in this range, a substantially constant value of 1.0% or less is obtained. Thus, the reason why the AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC is constant regardless of the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is, for example, in the vicinity of the interface of the liquid crystal layer 3 with the second alignment film 18. Since no electric field is applied, it is considered that even if the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 changes, the degree of twist of the liquid crystal molecules 3M is not affected.

In order to obtain practical afterimage characteristics in an IPS mode liquid crystal display device, the AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC needs to be 1.0% or less. Therefore, in order to suppress the afterimage generation while suppressing the decrease in transmittance due to coloring, the film thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 is desirably 80 nm or more and as thin as possible from FIG. For example, it is desirable to set it to 80 nm or more and 130 nm or less. The first alignment film 8 is formed by printing or applying a photodegradable insulating material as described above. For this reason, it is considered that the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 is more preferably 90 nm or more and 110 nm in consideration of the thickness variation that occurs when the first alignment film 8 is formed.

  At this time, it is desirable that the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 be as thin as possible. However, the second alignment film 18 is formed by printing or applying a photodegradable insulating material as described above. Therefore, if the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is made too thin, for example, an opening defect called a pinhole is likely to occur. According to a study by the present inventors, the number (density) of pinholes when the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 was 10 nm was within an allowable range, whereas it was 5 nm. The number (density) of pinholes exceeded the allowable range, and it was confirmed that the orientation of the liquid crystal layer 3 was deteriorated when no electric field was applied. Therefore, it is considered that the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is desirably set to, for example, 10 nm or more and 50 nm or less.

  Based on the above considerations, the inventors of the present application produced several liquid crystal display panels having different combinations of the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 and the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18, When the light transmittance and the AC afterimage intensity were compared, the results shown in Table 1 below were obtained.

  In addition, the five types of liquid crystal display panels PT1 to PT5 shown in Table 1 are different only in the combination of the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 and the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18. Are manufactured under the same conditions. The liquid crystal layer 3 has, for example, a positive dielectric anisotropy Δε, a value of 10.2 (1 kHz, 20 ° C.), a refractive index anisotropy Δn of 0.075 (wavelength 590 nm, 20 ° C.), and a twist. A nematic liquid crystal composition A having an elastic constant K2 of 7.0 pN and a nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature T (NI) of about 76 ° C. is injected in a vacuum and sealed with a sealing material made of an ultraviolet curable resin. did. At this time, the thickness (cell gap) of the liquid crystal layer 3 is set to 4.8 μm, and the retardation Δnd is set to 0.36 μm. The liquid crystal layer 3 is aligned so that the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 3M when no electric field is applied is inclined by 75 degrees with respect to the electric field application direction (the direction in which the scanning signal lines 9 extend). Furthermore, the first polarizing plate 4 and the second polarizing plate 5 have the absorption axes orthogonal to each other, and the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate 4 is the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 3M when no electric field is applied. And arranged so as to be orthogonal to each other.

PT1 in Table 1 is the liquid crystal display panel of the first comparative example for comparison with the liquid crystal display panel of Example 1, and the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 and the thickness of the second alignment film 18 D2 is set to 100 nm. The liquid crystal display panel (PT1) of the first comparative example is manufactured by a conventional method. The liquid crystal display panel (PT1) of the first comparative example had a light transmittance TR _LCD of 4.49% and an AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC of 0.7%.

As can be seen from Table 1, in the case of the liquid crystal display panel (PT2) of the second comparative example in which the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 and the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 are 50 nm, Although the light transmittance TR _LCD is improved as compared with the comparative example 1, the AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC is 1.3%, so that it is possible to both prevent a decrease in the light transmittance and suppress the occurrence of the afterimage. Not.

In contrast, the liquid crystal display panel (PT3) in which the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 is 100 nm and the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is 50 nm, and the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 is 100 nm. A liquid crystal display panel (PT4) in which the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is 10 nm, and a liquid crystal in which the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 is 80 nm and the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is 10 nm. display panel (PT5) are each and compared to the first comparative example to improve the light transmittance _{TR LCD,} and, AC after image intensity _{IoS AC} was 0.7%. The combination of the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 and the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 in these liquid crystal display panels (PT3 to PT5) is the above combination (80 nm ≦ D1 ≦ 130 nm, 10 nm ≦ D2 ≦). 50 nm). Further, the light transmittance TR _LCD of these liquid crystal display panels (PT3 to PT5) is +0... When viewed from the difference ΔTR with respect to the light transmittance TR _LCD of the liquid crystal display panel (PT1) of the first comparative example. Although they are 08%, + 0.15%, and + 0.18%, respectively, when viewed as relative values when the light transmittance TR _LCD of the liquid crystal display panel (PT1) of the first comparative example is 1, 02, 1.03, and 1.04. That is, it is considered that the liquid crystal display panel of Example 1 can improve the light transmittance by 2% or more as compared with the liquid crystal display panel of the first comparative example.

  Therefore, the liquid crystal display panel of Example 1 can achieve both prevention of a decrease in light transmittance due to coloring of the first alignment film 8 and the second alignment film 18 and suppression of occurrence of an afterimage. It can be said that.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining the main points of the liquid crystal display panel of Example 2 according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relative value RoIR (%) of the irradiation amount of light when the second alignment film 18 is formed on the horizontal axis, and the AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC (%) on the vertical axis. The relative value RoIR (%) of the light irradiation amount is set to 100%, which is the same irradiation amount as when the first alignment film 8 is formed.
In FIG. 7, white rhombus points are obtained when the second alignment film 18 is formed by setting the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 to 100 nm and the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 to 100 nm. 2 shows the measurement result of AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC when the amount of light irradiation is changed, and the solid curve shows a regression curve obtained from the measurement result. In FIG. 7, the white circular dots are obtained when the second alignment film 18 is formed by setting the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 to 50 nm and the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 to 100 nm. 2 shows the measurement result of AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC when the amount of light irradiation is changed, and the dotted curve shows a regression curve obtained from the measurement result. Further, in FIG. 7, white square points indicate when the second alignment film 18 is formed with the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 being 20 nm and the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 being 100 nm. 2 shows the measurement result of AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC when the amount of light irradiation is changed, and the dashed curve shows a regression curve obtained from the measurement result.

  The liquid crystal display panel of the second embodiment is an application example of the first embodiment. For example, as in Patent Document 1, the amount of light irradiation when forming the second alignment film 18 is set to the first alignment film 8. The amount of coloring of the second alignment film 18 is further reduced by making the amount less than the irradiation amount when forming.

When the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is not less than 10 nm and not more than 50 nm as in the liquid crystal display panel of Example 1, the relative value RoIR of the light irradiation amount when the second alignment film 18 is formed. And the afterimage intensity IoS _AC are examined, for example, results shown in FIG. 7 are obtained. In FIG. 7, when the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is 50 nm that satisfies the condition of Example 1, and when the thickness D2 is 20 nm, the relative value RoIR of the light irradiation amount and the AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC In addition to the relationship, the relationship of the conventional example (when the thickness of the second alignment film 18 is 100 nm) is shown.

In the case of the conventional example, as can be seen from FIG. 7, when the relative value RoIR of the light irradiation amount when forming the second alignment film 18 is less than about 40%, the AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC is less than 1.0%. growing.

On the other hand, when the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is set to 50 nm, the AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC is larger than 1.0% because the light is irradiated when the second alignment film 18 is formed. When the relative value RoIR of the quantity is below about 20%. When the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is set to 20 nm, the AC afterimage intensity IoS is obtained even if the relative value RoIR of the light irradiation amount when forming the second alignment film 18 is about 10%. _AC is less than 1.0%.

  The reason why the afterimage can be suppressed by reducing the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is not understood in detail, but is considered as follows. When the film strength of the alignment film 18 decreases, the twisting torque of the liquid crystal molecules 3M to which a lateral electric field is applied tends to cause a shift in the alignment direction, resulting in a decrease in alignment and an afterimage. In the photolytic alignment film, a cut portion is generated by light irradiation, so that the film strength after the alignment treatment is lower than that before the alignment treatment. Usually, an additive such as a coupling agent is blended in the alignment film in order to improve adhesion to the base. In the case of a thin film, since the distance from the base is small, it is considered that the decrease in film strength is suppressed by the influence of the adhesive force strengthened by a coupling agent or the like.

  That is, when the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 and the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 satisfy the conditions as in the first embodiment, the second alignment film 18 is formed. The lower limit value of the light irradiation amount can be made even smaller than the lower limit value in the conventional example.

  Based on the above consideration, the inventors of the present application form a combination of the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 and the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 or the second alignment film 18. When several liquid crystal display panels having different relative values RoIR of the irradiation amount of light were prepared and the light transmittance and the AC afterimage intensity were compared, the results shown in Table 2 below were obtained.

PT1 in Table 2 is the liquid crystal display panel of the first comparative example given in Example 1, and the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 and the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 are 100 nm. In addition, the relative value RoIR of the light irradiation amount when forming the second alignment film 18 is set to 100%. The liquid crystal display panel (PT1) of the first comparative example had a light transmittance TR _LCD of 4.49% and an AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC of 0.7%.

Further, as can be seen from Table 2, the irradiation of light when forming the second alignment film 18 by setting the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 to 100 nm and the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 to 50 nm. for the liquid crystal display panel in which the amount of relative values RoIR to 100% (PT3), and in comparison with the first comparative example to improve the light transmittance _{TR LCD,} and, AC after image intensity _{IoS AC} is 0.7% Met. This liquid crystal display panel (PT3) is a liquid crystal display panel that satisfies the conditions of Example 1, and is capable of both preventing a decrease in light transmittance and suppressing the occurrence of an afterimage.

Further, when the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 is 100 nm and the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is 50 nm, the relative value of the light irradiation amount when the second alignment film 18 is formed. Liquid crystal display panel (PT6) having a RoIR of 50%, liquid crystal display panel (PT7) having a relative value RoIR of 25% for forming the second alignment film 18, and a second alignment film In the liquid crystal display panel (PT8) in which the relative value RoIR of the amount of light irradiation when forming 18 is 10%, the light transmittance TR _LCD is improved as compared with the liquid crystal display panel (PT3) of the first embodiment. In addition, the AC afterimage intensity IoS _AC remains below 1.0%.

Similarly, when the thickness D1 of the first alignment film 8 is set to 80 nm, the thickness D2 of the second alignment film 18 is set to 20 nm, and the relative value RoIR of the light irradiation amount when forming the second alignment film 18 is set. The 10% liquid crystal display panel (PT9) has an improved light transmittance TR _LCD compared with the liquid crystal display panel (PT5) of Example 1 having the same configuration as the liquid crystal display panel, and an AC afterimage. The strength IoS _AC remains below 1.0%. Further, the light transmittance TR _LCD of these liquid crystal display panels (PT6 to PT9) is +0... When viewed from the difference ΔTR with respect to the light transmittance TR _LCD of the liquid crystal display panel (PT1) of the first comparative example. 21%, + 0.27%, + 0.32%, and + 0.35%, which are larger than the liquid crystal display panel of Example 1. That is, the liquid crystal display panel of Example 2 can be further improved in light transmittance than the liquid crystal display panel of Example 1.

  Therefore, the liquid crystal display panel of Example 2 can achieve both prevention of a decrease in light transmittance due to coloring of the first alignment film 8 and the second alignment film 18 and suppression of occurrence of an afterimage. In addition, it can be said that the effect of preventing a decrease in light transmittance due to coloring is higher than that of Example 1.

  The present invention has been specifically described above based on the above-described embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. is there.

  For example, in the first and second embodiments, as a configuration example of the pixel, the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 14 are stacked via the third insulating layer 15, and the pixel electrode 16 is a liquid crystal layer. An example close to 3 is given. However, when the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 14 are laminated, it is needless to say that the common electrode 14 may be closer to the liquid crystal layer 3. In this case, it goes without saying that the common electrode 14 closer to the liquid crystal layer 3 has a comb-like shape.

  Further, when the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 14 are stacked via the third insulating layer 15 and the electrode closer to the liquid crystal layer 3 is formed in a comb shape, the extending direction of the teeth of the comb shape electrode Of course, the number of teeth can be changed as appropriate.

  In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 14 are stacked via the third insulating layer 15 as an example of the configuration of the IPS mode pixel. In the case of the mode pixel, not limited to this, for example, the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 14 may be arranged on the same surface of the insulating layer.

  In the first and second embodiments, a so-called transmissive liquid crystal display panel has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a reflective or transflective liquid crystal display panel. Of course.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st board | substrate 2 2nd board | substrate 3 Liquid crystal layer 3M Liquid crystal molecule 4 1st polarizing plate 5 2nd polarizing plate 6 Light 7 1st insulating substrate 8 1st alignment film 9 Scanning signal line 10 1st Insulating layer 11 Video signal line 12 Active element 12s First source-drain electrode 13 Second insulating layer 14 Common electrode 15 Third insulating layer 16 Pixel electrode 17 Second insulating substrate 18 Second alignment film 19 Black matrix 20 Color filter 21 Flattening layer 22 Electric field lines

Claims (6)

A liquid crystal display panel in which pixels having an active element, a pixel electrode, a common electrode, and a liquid crystal layer are arranged in a dot matrix;
The liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate,
The first substrate includes the active element, the pixel electrode, the common electrode, an insulating layer formed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode, and a first alignment film,
The second substrate has a planarization film made of an organic material and a second alignment film,
Each of the first alignment film and the second alignment film is a liquid crystal display device which is a photo-alignment film formed by irradiating light to a film made of a photolytic material,
The liquid crystal display device, wherein the second alignment film is thinner than the first alignment film and has a thickness of 10 nm to 50 nm.   The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the first alignment film has a thickness of 80 nm to 130 nm.   The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display panel further includes a color filter.   The liquid crystal display device according to claim 3, wherein the color filter is formed between the second substrate and the planarizing film. The pixel electrode has a comb shape,
5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the common electrode, the insulating layer, and the pixel electrode are stacked in this order on the first substrate. The common electrode is comb-shaped,
5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the pixel electrode, the insulating layer, and the common electrode are stacked in this order on the first substrate.

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