JP5318295B1 - Solid separation apparatus and solid separation method - Google Patents

Abstract

A solid separation device and a solid separation method are provided for separating solids contained in liquid discharged from factories and facilities, general sewage, and the like from liquids.
In an apparatus for separating solids contained in a liquid, an inflow chamber 2 and an outflow chamber 3 which are partitioned from each other by a plate-like filter body 16 extending in a vertical direction, and the outflow chamber 3 communicate with each other. A liquid supply unit 9 is provided in the inflow chamber 2, and a liquid descending passage 32 communicating with the liquid exhaust side 16 b of the filter body 16 is provided in the outflow chamber 3. The bubble supply part 36 is provided below the lower end of the filter body and below the lower end of the filter body, the gas discharge part 25a is provided at the upper part of the outflow chamber 3, and the liquid rising passage 33 is provided in the discharge chamber 31. A liquid discharge portion 26 is provided in the upper portion of the passage 33, and a lower portion of the descending passage 32 and a lower portion of the ascending passage 33 which are lower than the bubble supply portion communicate with each other.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a solid separation apparatus for separating liquid discharged from factories and facilities in various fields or solids (hereinafter referred to as solids) contained in general sewage, etc. from liquid, and in particular, liquid treatment of a filter body. The present invention relates to a high-efficiency solid separation apparatus and a solid separation method with enhanced capabilities.

  A part of drainage such as rainwater flowing into sewers laid in urban areas is stored or discharged in the ground by rainwater storage and penetration facilities, and the rest is discharged into rivers. The rainwater flowing through the sewer is mixed with solids such as earth and sand, various garbage, papers, fallen leaves, etc., and when these solids flow into the rainwater storage facility, it is necessary to frequently maintain the equipment, It is also disadvantageous in terms of cost. Also, in rainwater storage facilities for inundation countermeasures, rainwater temporarily stored in the basement without removing solids will be pumped up and released into rivers in fine weather, resulting in river water pollution and environmental pollution. Cause problems.

  On the other hand, wastewater flowing into wastewater treatment facilities in factories and the like often contains solids such as fine cutting powder, wood chips, and garbage generated in the manufacturing process, resulting in the same problems as sewerage. . Therefore, as a means for avoiding such water pollution and environmental pollution, a separation device for separating solids in advance is provided on the upstream side of the sewer pipe, the waste water pipe, or the processing equipment.

  Furthermore, sewerage and industrial wastewater often contain oils such as edible oils and lubricating oils in addition to solids, and these oils are preferably separated and removed together with solids.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a solid separation device provided in a pipeline such as a sewer. The separation device of Patent Document 1 includes a separation tank, a partition plate that partitions the inside of the separation tank into an inflow chamber and an outflow chamber, a filter (screen) provided in the partition plate, an inflow portion formed in the inflow chamber, and an outflow And a discharge portion formed in the chamber. The inflow chamber is provided with guide portions at the top and bottom of the inflow chamber for reversing the liquid flowing from the inflow portion to form a vertical swirling flow in the inflow chamber.

  In the separation device of Patent Document 1, the liquid flow supplied by the guide portion provided in the inflow chamber is changed into a vertical swirl flow, and both sides in a direction orthogonal to the outer peripheral surface of the swirl flow formed (both sides of the swirl flow). Two filter bodies are arranged in parallel to each other on the surface). The liquid in the inflow chamber is separated into solids by the filter body and flows out to the outflow chamber side, and the liquid that has flowed out to the outflow chamber is discharged to the outside of the separation device from the discharge section provided there.

Japanese Patent No. 4395190

  Usually, there are various sizes of solids contained in the liquid. Filter bodies that separate solids correspond to the minimum dimensions of the solids to be removed (for example, in the case of screens, the pore size and gap size of the screen, or the minimum and minimum diameters of solids that can be passed, such as mesh values). Aperture value) to be selected.

  Therefore, the smaller the minimum size of the solid that must be removed, the smaller the opening size of the filter body. However, since the liquid processing capacity per unit area of the filter body is inversely proportional to the size of the opening dimension, the liquid processing capacity also decreases in inverse proportion to the size of the opening dimension. In particular, in order to prevent very fine solids from flowing downstream, it is necessary to significantly increase the processing area of the filter body of the separation device so as to match the amount of liquid to be processed, which increases the cost of the separation device. There is a problem that the installation area becomes large. Also, the smaller the opening size of the filter body, the easier it becomes to clog, so the maintenance interval such as cleaning becomes shorter and the maintenance cost also increases.

  As a result of various investigations by the present inventors to solve the above-mentioned problems, a very fine solid contained in general waste water, for example, a ratio of a solid of about several microns to several millimeters is contained in the liquid. It was found to be very low compared to the total amount of solids. However, even when such a small amount of fine solid is contained in the liquid, there is a real problem that it is often required to prevent it from flowing out as much as possible downstream.

  In recent years, membrane treatment has come to be used for recycling by advanced treatment of rainwater and wastewater, but for efficient treatment, it is necessary to reduce clogging caused by solids. It is important to remove as many solids as possible (including fine solids).

  The solid separation apparatus and solid separation method of the present invention solve the above-mentioned various problems by adopting a new “two-stage separation method” different from the conventional method.

  That is, the solid separation device of the present invention is a device for separating solids contained in a liquid, and communicates with an inflow chamber and an outflow chamber separated from each other by a plate-like filter body extending in the vertical direction, and the outflow chamber. A liquid supply portion is provided in the inflow chamber, a liquid descending passage communicating with the liquid discharge side of the filter body is provided in the outflow chamber, a lower portion of the descending passage and the filter body. A bubble supply unit is provided below the lower end, a gas discharge unit is provided in the upper part of the outflow chamber, a liquid rising passage is provided in the discharge chamber, a liquid discharge unit is provided in the upper part of the rising passage, The lower part of the downward passage lower than the supply section and the lower part of the upward passage communicate with each other (Claim 1).

  In the separation apparatus, the inflow chamber having a square cross section is used, the filter body is formed on each of the two opposing vertical sides of the inflow chamber, and the outflow chamber is formed around the longitudinal direction of the inflow chamber. The bubble supply unit may be configured so as to surround the outside, and the bubbles supplied from the bubble supply unit may be configured to rise on the liquid discharge side of the two filter bodies, respectively.

  In any of the above-described separation devices, the liquid supply unit is formed so that a liquid flow can be supplied in parallel along the surface on the liquid inflow side of the filter body, and the supplied liquid flow is further filtered into the filter body. The liquid is supplied to the inflow chamber from the supply section by turning around the liquid inflow side surface of the liquid, and the liquid supplied from the supply section into the inflow chamber is swung through the inflow chamber in the vertical direction. A swirling flow is formed, and the filter body can be arranged so that its surface is parallel to a surface orthogonal to the rotation center axis of the swirling flow.

  In the method of separating a solid contained in the liquid of the present invention by a separation device, the liquid is passed through a filter body provided in the separation device to separate the solid, and the liquid that has passed through the filter body is lowered by a descending passage. Further, the liquid is further raised in the ascending passage and discharged to the outside of the separation device. On the other hand, the bubbles are supplied to the lower part of the descending passage, and the solid having a relatively low specific gravity contained in the liquid descending the descending passage is captured by the rising bubbles. Then, it stays in the upper part of the descending passage and is not discharged to the outside of the separator (claim 4).

  Further, in the solid separation method, when the liquid further contains oil, and the oil passes from the filter body to the outflow chamber and descends together with the liquid to the descending passage, the oil that descends with the rising bubbles is captured, It can be made to stay in the upper part of a downward passage (Claim 5).

  The solid separation device of the present invention includes an inflow chamber and an outflow chamber that are partitioned from each other by a plate-like filter body extending in the vertical direction, and a discharge chamber that communicates with the outflow chamber. A bubble supply unit provided in the outflow chamber is provided with a liquid descending passage communicating with the liquid discharge side of the filter body, and supplies a large number of fine bubbles such as air below the descending passage and below the lower end of the filter body A gas discharge part is provided in the upper part of the outflow chamber, a liquid ascending passage is provided in the discharge chamber, a liquid discharge part is provided in the upper part of the ascending passage, and the lowering passage is lower than the bubble supply part. The lower portion and the lower portion of the rising passage communicate with each other.

  According to this configuration, when the liquid supplied to the inflow chamber passes through the filter body, solids larger than the opening size of the filter body are separated (first-stage separation), and smaller solids together with the liquid enter the outflow chamber. leak. At that time, the liquid flow on the outflow chamber side is decelerated and made uniform (rectified) by the filter body which is a portion having a large area. Then, the liquid that has flowed into the outflow chamber descends the descending passage, then enters the discharge chamber, rises through the ascending passage, and is discharged from the discharge portion to the outside.

  When the liquid descends the descending passage, a large number of fine bubbles and the liquid that are supplied from the bubble supply section provided below the descending passage and ascend the descending passage cross each other in the vertical direction. Some of the bubbles rise and adhere to the solid contained in the liquid and catch it, and the floating force (rising force) rises along with the trapped solid against the descending force of the liquid. The solid is retained at the top of the (second stage separation). Therefore, the fine solid that has passed through the filter body is not discharged to the outside from the discharge portion. On the other hand, some of the bubbles that have reached the liquid level region (region in contact with the upper space) of the descending passage are discharged into the air and discharged to the outside from the gas discharge portion provided at the upper portion of the separation device.

  According to the separation device of the present invention that operates as described above, even if a fine solid matter cannot be discharged to the downstream side, it is not necessary to extremely reduce the opening size of the filter body. It becomes possible to set to an opening dimension. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the filter body area of the separation apparatus as in the prior art, the apparatus installation area is reduced, the maintenance interval such as cleaning is increased, and this is advantageous in terms of cost.

  Further, in the present invention, when the fluid contains oil in addition to the solid, the oil usually flows through the filter body and flows out into the outflow chamber together with the fine solid. However, such oil is also trapped in the bubbles rising in the descending passage as described above and stays in the upper part of the descending passage. As a result, the oil component is also efficiently separated and the oil component is not discharged downstream of the separation device.

  In the above separation apparatus, the inflow chamber having a square cross section is used, the filter body is formed on each of the two opposing vertical sides of the inflow chamber, and the outflow chamber is formed around the longitudinal direction of the inflow chamber. The bubble supply unit can be configured such that the bubbles supplied from the bubble supply unit rise on the liquid discharge side of the two filter bodies.

  According to this configuration, since the total area of the filter body can be increased, the liquid processing capacity is further improved. In addition, since the flow rate of the liquid in the outflow chamber is reduced accordingly, the solid matter capturing efficiency by the bubbles is further improved.

  In any of the above-described separation devices, the liquid supply unit is formed so that a liquid flow can be supplied in parallel along the surface on the liquid inflow side of the filter body, and the supplied liquid flow is further filtered into the filter body. The liquid is supplied to the inflow chamber from the supply section by turning around the liquid inflow side surface of the liquid, and the liquid supplied from the supply section into the inflow chamber is swung through the inflow chamber in the vertical direction. A swirling flow is formed, and the filter body can be arranged so that its surface is parallel to a surface orthogonal to the rotation center axis of the swirling flow.

  According to this configuration, the liquid becomes a relatively high-speed vertical swirling flow on the inflow chamber side, and the solid separated by the filter body swirls in parallel with the surface of the filter body on the liquid inflow side, and its gravity causes the inflow chamber. Accumulate at the bottom. Since the solid pressing action on the surface of the filter body by the liquid flowing into the inflow chamber is also extremely small, the filter body can be prevented from being clogged with solids. Also, even if the liquid swirls at a relatively high speed on the inflow chamber side, when the liquid passes through the filter body, the flow velocity is greatly reduced, and the liquid flows out to the outflow chamber side in a substantially uniform rectified state. The solid trapping action by the bubbles in the outflow chamber is not disturbed.

  In the method of separating a solid contained in the liquid of the present invention by a separation device, the liquid is passed through a filter body provided in the separation device to separate the solid, and the liquid that has passed through the filter body is lowered by a descending passage. Further, the liquid is further raised in the ascending passage and discharged to the outside of the separation device. On the other hand, the bubbles are supplied to the lower part of the descending passage, and the solid having a relatively low specific gravity contained in the liquid descending the descending passage is captured by the rising bubbles. Then, it is retained in the upper part of the descending passage and is not discharged to the outside of the separation device.

  According to the solid separation method configured as described above, the solid passing through the filter body and descending the descending passage is captured by the bubbles rising there, and rises against the descending force of the liquid by the ascending force of the bubbles, and the descending passage It stays on top of. Therefore, even if a filter body having an extremely small opening size is not used, a considerably fine solid can be captured in the separation device, and the liquid throughput per unit area of the filter body can be improved. In addition, the necessary maintenance interval due to clogging of the filter body can be lengthened, thereby reducing the maintenance cost.

  In the solid separation method, when the liquid further contains an oil component, and the oil component passes from the filter body to the outflow chamber and descends together with the liquid to the descending passage, the oil component descending with the rising bubbles is captured and lowered. It can be retained in the upper part of the passage.

According to the solid separation method configured as described above, the oil contained in the liquid descending the descending passage is captured by the rising bubbles, and rises against the descending force of the liquid by the ascending force of the bubbles, and the descending passage The oil component is not discharged to the downstream side of the separation device.

It is a figure which shows the Example of the solid-separation apparatus which concerns on this invention.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the solid separation device of the present invention, in which (a) in FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view taken along the line BB in (b), and (b) is A in (a). It is a sectional side view of -A arrow.

  The separation apparatus 1 includes a separation tank having an inflow chamber 2 and an outflow chamber 3 provided so as to surround the outside of the periphery perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the inflow chamber 2. The inflow chamber 2 has a flat bottom portion 4 and four side portions on the front, rear, left and right extending vertically upward from the bottom portion 4, that is, a flat front side portion 5, a rear side portion 6, and a right side portion (from the front side portion 5). Right side 7), left side 8 (left side viewed from the front side part 5) 8, each side part extends vertically upward from the bottom part 4, as shown in FIG. And it has a rectangular shape with a flat cross section consisting of short sides.

  In the illustrated separation device, the upper end of the inflow chamber 2 is opened, so that liquid can overflow from the inflow chamber 2 to the outflow chamber 3 in the event of an emergency such as an increase in sewerage. It is also possible to operate by making a liquid in the inflow chamber 2 into a pressurized state by detachably fixing a lid (not shown).

  A liquid supply portion 9 is formed above the front side portion 5 of the inflow chamber 2. The supply unit 9 is composed of a pipe penetrating the outflow chamber 3 and the front side portion 5 of the inflow chamber 2 in the horizontal direction, and the liquid to be processed is horizontally introduced into the inflow chamber 2 from above to the rear side portion 6. The jet is perpendicular to the surface of the rear side portion 6. When the liquid is supplied in this way, the liquid in the inflow chamber 2 becomes a liquid flow parallel to the liquid inflow side 16a of the filter body 16 to be described later.

  A first position above the rear side portion 6 of the inflow chamber 2 and facing the supply portion 9 (specifically, a position where the liquid flow ejected horizontally from the supply portion 9 abuts when moving horizontally as it is). A guiding part 10 is provided. The first guide portion 10 is formed of a flat plate, and is fixed to the rear side portion 6 in an inclined state as shown in the drawing toward the front side portion 5, and the inclined flat lower surface of the first guide portion 10 in that state is a liquid. A flow guide surface 11 is formed.

  A second guiding portion 12 is provided at a position close to the rear side portion 6 below the first guiding portion 10, that is, the bottom portion 4. The second guide portion 12 has the same shape as the first guide portion 10 and is fixed to the rear side portion 6 in a state inclined as shown in the drawing toward the front side portion 5, and the second guide in the state body. The inclined flat upper surface of the portion 12 forms the liquid flow guide surface 13. In some cases, the second guiding portion 12 can be omitted. Furthermore, a third guide part having an inclined surface above the second guide part 12 may be provided below the front side part 5.

  A flat plate-like rectangular filter body 16 is mounted on each surface of the right side portion 7 and the left side portion 8 of the inflow chamber 2 so as to be parallel to each other. The filter body 16 causes the liquid on the inflow chamber 2 side to flow from the liquid inflow side surface 16a to the liquid outflow side surface 16b and outflow to the outflow chamber 3 side, and among the solids contained in the liquid, the opening size of the filter body Blocking the passage of these solids.

  In the example of FIG. 1, the filter body 16 is mounted on the right side 7 and the left side 8 of the inflow chamber 2 so as to be parallel to each other and so that the flat rectangular filter bodies 16 are parallel to each other. Has been. The filter body 16 can also be attached to only one of the right side portion 7 and the left side portion 8 of the inflow chamber 2.

  The filter body 16 used in the present invention includes a net-like screen, a punching plate type screen, a wedge wire type screen, etc., having linear communication gaps. A plate-like filter body in which a plurality of metal meshes are laminated, a filter body in which nonmetallic filter media are sandwiched with metal meshes, a felt-like filter body, and a three-dimensional fine communication hole. There is a filter body made of a porous concrete board having

  For example, when a wedge wire type screen is used, it is desirable to mount the wedge wire so that the axis of the wedge wire is in the vertical direction. When a wedge wire type screen is mounted, a rectangular opening is formed on each of the right side portion 7 and the left side portion 8, slide guides are formed on both sides perpendicular to the opening portion, and a flat rectangular wedge wire type is formed. It is possible to adopt a method of sliding the screen from above and mounting it.

  Although not shown in FIG. 1, a partition plate is provided in parallel with the bottom portion 4 at a lower region of the inflow chamber 2, for example, a height of about one fifth to one-tenth from below in the vertical direction of the inflow chamber 2. An opening can be provided in a part of the partition plate. The position of the opening is in a region close to the front side 5 when the swirling flow is swung clockwise in FIG. 1, and the rear side 6 when swirling counterclockwise. It is preferable that the region be close to. The size of the opening may be about 1/10 to 1/2 of the area of the partition plate. The chamber (second inflow chamber) formed below the partition plate is a solid accumulation chamber separated by a filter body. The accumulation chamber is provided with an openable / closable door and a suction tube for taking out the accumulated solid.

  The outflow chamber 3 has a bottom portion 20 having a flat upper surface, and four front and rear, left and right side portions extending upward from the bottom portion 20, that is, a flat front side portion 21, a rear side portion 22, a right side portion 23 and a left side 24. Each side extends vertically upward from the bottom 20. The outflow chamber of the present embodiment has a rectangular shape with a long cross section and a short side, and is similar to the flat cross section of the inflow chamber 2. 25 is detachably mounted. In this embodiment, the bottom 20 of the outflow chamber 3 and the bottom 4 of the inflow chamber 2 are continuously connected in common, but the inflow chamber 2 and the outflow chamber 3 may have independent bottom portions.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the outflow chamber 3 is provided with a rectangular partition plate 30 in parallel with the rear side portion 22. Both end portions of the partition plate 30 in the vertical direction are fixed to the right side portion 23 and the left side portion 24 of the outflow chamber 3, and the lower ends thereof are located above the bottom portion 20 by a predetermined distance.

  In this embodiment, a part of the outflow chamber is divided by the partition plate 30 to form the discharge chamber 31. The discharge chamber 31 may be provided separately from the outflow chamber 3, and the outflow chamber 3 and the discharge chamber 31 may be continuous as shown in FIG.

  The left region of the partition plate 30 in FIG. 1 forms a liquid descending passage 32 in the outflow chamber 3, and the right region of the partition plate 30 forms a discharge chamber 31 and a liquid ascending passage 33 there. The descending passage 32 and the ascending passage 33 communicate with each other through the communicating passages 34 at the lower portions, and the liquid in the outflow chamber 3 flows out from the descending passage 32 to the ascending passage 33 through the communicating portion 34, and the discharge chamber 31. Is discharged to the outside from a discharge portion 26 formed on the upper portion (specifically, at the same height as the liquid supply portion 9 formed in the inflow chamber 2).

  In this embodiment, an inclined guide plate 35 is provided at the lower corner where the bottom 20 and the rear side 22 of the discharge chamber 31 are connected. The guide plate 35 is provided to allow the liquid to pass smoothly and smoothly from the communication portion to the ascending passage, but may be omitted depending on circumstances.

  In the illustrated example, the descending passage 32 includes three regions, two regions near the liquid outflow side 16b of the two filter bodies 16, and a region close to the partition plate 30 continuing from the two regions. Are in communication with each other. Bubble supply portions 36 are respectively provided in regions below the two filter bodies 16 in the descending passage 32. Each bubble supply unit 36 has an elongated tube and a large number of small bubble holes formed along the axial direction thereof, and a gas such as pressurized air supplied from the outside into the tube passes into the liquid through the large number of bubble holes. It is ejected and becomes a fine bubble to rise in the descending passage 32. It should be noted that the bubble supply height of each bubble supply unit 36, specifically, the bubble ejection position located on the axis of each bubble supply unit 36 is above the lower end of the partition plate 30 (above the communication path 34). However, it is below the lower end of the filter body 16.

  The bubbles supplied from the bubble supply unit 36 into the descending passage 32 rise upward through the descending passage 32, but at least a part of the bubbles is discharged into the upper space in the outflow chamber 3. When the released bubbles are mixed with the gas (air) in the upper space, the amount of gas in the outflow chamber 3 is increased, and the internal pressure rises somewhat from the external pressure. It is discharged to the outside through a bubble discharge portion 25a made up of holes. In addition, when a clearance gap exists between the cover body 25 and the separation tank 1, the clearance gap forms the bubble discharge part 25a, or when the cover body 25 is not provided, the open space above the separation tank 1 is a bubble. The discharge part 25a is formed.

  Next, a method for separating the solid contained in the liquid using the solid separation apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described.

  When the liquid to be processed is supplied from the supply unit 9 to the upper part of the inflow chamber 2 in the horizontal direction, the liquid flows in parallel along the surface of the liquid inflow side 16a of the two filter bodies 16, and then the liquid flow is the first induction. The direction is changed downward by the guide surface 11 of the portion 10. The liquid flow whose direction has been changed downward is changed to a horizontal liquid flow toward the front side portion 5 by the guide surface 13 of the second guide portion 12, and then the liquid flow rises along the front side portion 5, and the supply portion 9. The liquid flow that is newly ejected from the liquid flows into a horizontal liquid flow toward the first guide portion 10 again. In this way, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 1B, the vertical swirl flow having the rotation center axis S (clockwise as viewed from the front of FIG. 1B) is sustained in the inflow chamber 2. Formed.

  The vertical swirling flow formed as described above swirls in parallel between the pair of filter bodies 16 along the surface of the liquid inflow side 16 a of each filter body 16. A part of the swirling liquid passes through the two filter bodies 16 as indicated by arrows in FIG. 1A and continuously flows out from the surface of the liquid outflow side 16b into the outflow chamber 3.

  On the other hand, among the solids contained in the liquid, those that are larger than the opening size of the filter body 16 are blocked by each filter body 16. The solid blocked by each filter body 16 swirls in the inflow chamber 2 by the swirling flow of the liquid, but the solid having a specific gravity larger than that of the liquid gradually descends in the inflow chamber 2 due to the difference in specific gravity and gravity. 20 is deposited and separated.

  As described above, the solid that flows into the inflow chamber 2 together with the liquid, is separated and swirled moves only in parallel with the surface of the liquid inflow side 16a of the filter body 16, and thus has an impact force. Thus, there is no direct collision with the liquid inflow side 16a of the filter body 16. Therefore, the possibility that the filter body 16 is worn or clogged is extremely low.

  In the example of FIG. 1, the liquid supply portion 9 is formed above the front side portion 5 of the inflow chamber 2, but the supply portion 9 is located in front of the front side portion 5 in the example of FIG. It can also be formed on the bottom 4 below the portion 5 or near the bottom. The swirl flow formed in that case is clockwise as in the example of FIG. The arrangement and operation of the first guide portion 10 or the second guide portion 12 are the same as in the example of FIG.

  Furthermore, the supply part 9 can also be formed in the bottom part 4 close | similar to the downward direction of the rear side part 6, or the extension of the downward direction. The swirl flow formed in that case is counterclockwise as opposed to the example of FIG. The first guide portion 10 is provided at the same position as in FIG. 1, and the second guide portion 12 is provided above the front side portion 5.

  As described above, when the partition plate having the opening is provided in the lower region of the inflow chamber 2 and the solid accumulation chamber is provided below the partition plate, the solid that swirls in the inflow chamber 2 and gradually descends by gravity is Then, it gradually moves through the opening into the accumulation chamber and accumulates there. Therefore, the amount of the solid swirling in the inflow chamber 2 can always be kept low. When the amount of solid swirling in the inflow chamber 2 is low, the amount of solid approaching the filter body 16 is always reduced, so that there is a possibility that the solid may occasionally contact the liquid inflow surface 16a of the filter body 16 in a parallel direction. descend.

  On the other hand, the liquid that has flowed out to the outflow chamber 3 descends in the descending passage 32 that communicates with the surface of the filter 16 on the liquid outflow side 16b, passes through the lower communicating passage 34, and passes through the ascending passage 33 in the discharge chamber 31. Ascend and discharge to the outside from the discharge unit 26. A large number of fine bubbles are ejected from each bubble hole of the bubble supply unit 36 provided below the descending passage 32, and when the bubbles ascend in the descending passage 32, the descending passage 32 is accompanied by a solid by the ascending force. It rises inside and stays in the upper part thereof, that is, in the liquid surface region in the descending passage 32.

  When a large number of bubbles trapping solids stay in the liquid surface area as described above, the bubbles attract each other and accumulate. Some of the accumulated bubbles are released into the air, but most of the fine solids accumulated near the liquid surface due to reattachment to the bubbles rising one after the other or pushing up from below, It stays almost in the area. When a certain amount of solid stays in the region, the staying solid is taken out from the upper part of the outflow chamber 3 by a method such as suction or pumping.

  When a vertical swirling flow is formed in the inflow chamber 2 as in this embodiment, the liquid flow in the inflow chamber 2 swirls at a considerably high speed. However, the liquid flowing out into the outflow chamber 3 through the filter body 16 is subjected to a relatively large flow resistance by the filter body 16 and a rectifying action on the liquid, and is gently rectified and descends uniformly in the descending passage 32.

  On the other hand, it has been experimentally confirmed that the ascending force by the fine bubble group rising in the descending passage 32 is proportional to the bubble supply amount per unit volume. The fine solid group that descends dispersed in the liquid in the descending passage 32 and the fine bubble group that rises there are convected in the opposite direction, but the total ascending force by the bubble group is a liquid containing fine solids. If it is greater than the descending force, the bubbles that have captured the solid can easily rise against the descending force of the liquid.

  Therefore, it is desirable to set the total ascending force to be larger than the descending force of the liquid by adjusting the amount of bubbles supplied into the descending passage 32 by experiments or the like.

  When metal powder having a relatively large specific gravity is contained in the fine solid that has passed through the filter body 16, a part of the fine solid having a large specific gravity escapes from the trapping of bubbles and descends. There is also a case. Such a solid having a large specific gravity descending in the descending passage 32 stays in the bottom region of the descending passage 32 and gradually accumulates. Even in such a case, when a certain amount of solid stays in that region, the staying solid may be taken out from the upper part of the outflow chamber 3 by suction or pumping.

  When the liquid to be treated contains oil, if the oil flows out to the outflow chamber 3, the oil is captured by the bubbles rising in the descending passage 32 as described above, and the upper portion of the descending passage 32 is reached. In the state where it stays in

  The solid separation device of the present invention can be used as a device and a method for separating solids and oils contained in a sewage channel and a factory drainage channel.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Separator 2 Inflow chamber 3 Outflow chamber 4 Bottom part 5 Front side part 6 Rear side part 7 Right side part 8 Left side part 9 Supply part 10 1st guide part 11 Guide surface 12 2nd guide part 13 Guide surface 16 Filter 16a Liquid inflow side 16b surface 20 bottom portion 21 front side portion 22 rear side portion 23 right side portion 24 left side 25 lid body 25a bubble discharge portion 26 discharge portion 30 partition plate 31 discharge chamber 32 descending passage 33 rising passage 34 communication passage 35 guide plate 36 bubble supply portion

Claims (5)

An apparatus for separating solids contained in a liquid, comprising an inflow chamber and an outflow chamber separated from each other by a plate-like filter body extending in a vertical direction, and a discharge chamber communicating with the outflow chamber,
The inflow chamber is provided with a liquid supply section, and the outflow chamber is provided with a liquid descending passage communicating with the liquid discharge side of the filter body. Air bubbles are formed below the lower end of the liquid and below the lower end of the filter body. A supply unit is provided, a gas discharge unit is provided in the upper part of the outflow chamber, a liquid ascending passage is provided in the discharge chamber, and a liquid discharge unit is provided in the upper part of the ascent passage, which is lower than the bubble supply unit A solid separation device characterized in that a lower part of a descending passage and a lower part of an ascending passage communicate with each other.   2. The inflow chamber according to claim 1, wherein the inflow chamber has a square cross section, the filter bodies are respectively formed on the two opposing vertical sides of the inflow chamber, and the outflow chamber surrounds the outside in the longitudinal direction of the inflow chamber. The solid separator is provided, wherein the bubble supply unit is configured such that bubbles supplied from the bubble supply unit rise on the liquid discharge side of the two filter bodies.   3. The liquid supply unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid supply portion is formed to supply a liquid flow in parallel along a surface of the filter body on the liquid inflow side, and the supplied liquid flow is further filtered into the filter body. A guide unit is provided that changes direction along the surface of the liquid inflow side to form a swirling flow in the vertical direction, and the liquid supplied from the supply unit into the inflow chamber swirls in the inflow chamber by the guide unit and moves up and down. The solid separator is characterized in that the filter body is arranged so that the plane of the filter body is parallel to a plane orthogonal to the rotation center axis of the spiral flow.   In a method of separating a solid contained in a liquid with a separation device, the liquid is passed through a filter body provided in the separation device to separate the solid, and after passing through the filter body, the liquid is lowered in the descending passage, and then in the ascending passage. The air is raised and discharged to the outside of the separation device, while the bubbles are supplied to the lower part of the descending passage, and the solid having a relatively small specific gravity contained in the liquid descending the descending passage is captured by the rising bubbles and is captured in the descending passage. A solid separation method characterized by being retained in the upper part and not being discharged to the outside of the separation device.   5. The liquid according to claim 4, wherein the liquid further contains an oil component, and when the oil component passes from the filter body to the outflow chamber and descends together with the liquid to the descending passage, the descending passage captures the oil component descending by the rising bubbles. The solid separation method is characterized in that it is retained at the top of the solid.

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