JP5318022B2 - Structure vibration monitoring apparatus and monitoring method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure vibration monitoring technique, and more particularly to vibration of a structure in which vibration of a measurement object inside a container filled with a liquid such as water is measured by an ultrasonic transmission / reception device from the outside of the container. The present invention relates to a monitoring device and a monitoring method.

  In a conventional non-destructive inspection device, as a technique for non-destructively monitoring the vibration of the measurement object inside the container or inside the flow path flowing through the container, a method of directly monitoring the vibration by providing an accelerometer on the measurement object, A method of monitoring the vibration of an object to be measured by an ultrasonic transmission / reception device provided outside is used.

  In the vibration monitoring method using ultrasonic waves, ultrasonic waves are transmitted from the ultrasonic transmission / reception device installed outside the container toward the measurement object, and are transmitted to the measurement object through the container wall and the medium in the container. The ultrasonic waves are reflected from the measurement object. The ultrasonic echo from the measurement object is received and processed, and the propagation time is measured, and the distance is converted into consideration in consideration of the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the medium. By repeating this measurement process at high speed, the vibration displacement amount of the measurement object is measured, the structure that is the measurement object is monitored, and the presence or absence of the abnormality is detected nondestructively.

  As a vibration monitoring apparatus using such ultrasonic waves, Patent Document 1 discloses that ultrasonic waves are transmitted from an ultrasonic transmission / reception apparatus installed outside the pressure vessel in order to monitor the reactor internal structure in the reactor pressure vessel. Vibrations in the reactor internals are measured by transmitting and receiving to the reactor internals, and measuring the changes in the propagation time of ultrasonic waves based on the vibrations in the reactor internals through signal processing of reflected echoes from the reactor internals. It is described to monitor.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, in order to monitor the vibration of the rotating shaft of the electric pump installed in the container, ultrasonic waves are transmitted and received from the ultrasonic transmitting / receiving device installed outside the container toward the rotating shaft. It is described that the displacement of the rotating shaft is measured by signal processing such as frequency analysis of the reflected waveform of the sound wave echo and the vibration of the electric pump is monitored.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-125688 JP 2004-020540 A

  In the conventional vibration monitoring method in which the accelerometer described above is directly attached to the measurement object, when the measurement object reaches a plurality of places, it is necessary to install a large number of accelerometers, and the operation of the measurement object may be affected. There are many problems in terms of cost and structure, such as the necessity of drawing out the wiring and the deterioration and dropping off of the accelerometer.

  Moreover, in the vibration monitoring apparatus described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is possible to monitor the vibration of the structure inside from the outside of the container or the flow path, but with respect to the surface of the vibrating measurement object, When the container wall on which the ultrasonic transducer is installed has an inclination, the ultrasonic wave transmitted to the measurement object that is a structure is not perpendicularly incident on the measurement object, so that the reflected ultrasonic wave There is a problem that the sound wave is not reflected in the incident direction and cannot be received by the ultrasonic transducer.

  In such a case, if the position where the ultrasonic waves are reflected is different, it is possible to install a separate ultrasonic transducer for reception, but if the area of the place where the ultrasonic waves can be installed is limited, the ultrasonic waves Two transducers could not be installed, and there was a problem that the vibration of the measurement object could not be measured accurately.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. Even when the container wall of the ultrasonic transducer is inclined with respect to the surface of the object of vibration measurement, the object to be measured in the container is measured. An object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable structure vibration monitoring apparatus and monitoring method capable of monitoring a vibration of an object with high accuracy without causing destruction.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the vibration monitoring apparatus for a structure according to the present invention has a structure in which the outer wall of the container is inclined with respect to the vibrating structure as described in claim 1. In the structure vibration monitoring apparatus for monitoring the vibration of the container from the outside of the container, an ultrasonic transducer provided on the outer wall of the container via an angle adjusting means, and a measurement object in the container transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer An ultrasonic transmission / reception device for receiving ultrasonic waves reflected from an object, an A / D conversion device for converting the received ultrasonic signals into digital signals, and processing the converted digital signals to obtain the time of the digital signals A signal processing device that converts a change in waveform shape into vibration information of the measurement object, and a display device that displays vibration information of the measurement object signal-processed by the signal processing device. Becomes, the angle adjusting means is an ultrasonic propagation medium, the ultrasonic transducer to be received ultrasonic waves reflected from the measurement object in the container, the measurement with having an inclination against the container outer wall It is characterized by being installed perpendicular to the surface to be measured of the object .

In order to solve the above-described problem, the vibration monitoring method for a structure according to the present invention has a structure in which the outer wall of the container has an inclination with respect to the vibrating structure. the vibration of the vibration monitoring method of a structure to be monitored from the outside of the container, so that the ultrasonic transducer between the outer wall and the ultrasonic transducer of the container is perpendicular to the measurement surface of the measurement object in the container An angle adjusting means is installed in the device, ultrasonic waves are transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer, and ultrasonic waves reflected from the measurement object in the container are received by the same ultrasonic transducer using refraction of the ultrasonic waves. and converts the ultrasonic signals received into digital signals, from the change in the time waveform of the converted digital signal into the vibration information of the measurement object measured pairs of said container A method characterized by measuring the vibration of the object.

  According to the present invention, vibration measurement of a measurement object in a container can be measured from the outside of the container in a nondestructive manner, and the container wall where the ultrasonic transducer is installed has an inclination with respect to the measurement object surface of vibration measurement. Even when the measurement object is present, vibration can be monitored with high accuracy from the outside of the container in a non-destructive manner.

The block diagram which shows 1st Embodiment of the vibration monitoring apparatus of the structure which concerns on this invention. The figure explaining the propagation path of an ultrasonic wave in the vibration monitoring apparatus of the structure shown by FIG. The figure which shows the ultrasonic pulse signal timing chart in the vibration monitoring apparatus of the structure which concerns on this invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a vibration waveform obtained by continuously processing the ultrasonic pulse signal shown in FIG. 3. The 2nd Embodiment of the vibration monitoring apparatus of the structure which concerns on this invention is shown, and the block diagram at the time of applying to the rotating shaft vibration measurement of a vertical axis | shaft pump. The block diagram which shows 3rd Embodiment of the vibration monitoring apparatus of the structure which concerns on this invention. FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the vibration monitoring device for a structure according to the present invention, in which (A) is a side sectional view showing angle adjusting means provided in the second embodiment, and (B) is FIG. 7 (A). The figure which follows the AA line of FIG., (C) is a figure which follows the BB line of FIG. 7 (A). The 1st Example of 3rd Embodiment of the vibration monitoring apparatus of the structure which concerns on this invention is shown, (A) is a sectional side view of the angle adjustment means with which a 1st Example is equipped, (B) is the said The figure which looked at the angle adjustment means from the back side. The 2nd Example of 3rd Embodiment of the vibration monitoring apparatus of the structure which concerns on this invention is shown, (A) is a sectional side view of the angle adjustment means with which a 2nd Example is equipped, (B) is the said The figure which looked at the angle adjustment means from the back side. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of a structure vibration monitoring apparatus according to the present invention, in which (A) shows an example of an ultrasonic pulse transmission waveform performed by a single rectangular wave voltage input to the ultrasonic transducer; ) Are diagrams each showing an example of an ultrasonic pulse transmission waveform performed by inputting a rectangular wave voltage N times (N is an integer). The figure which shows the relationship between the transmission wave number (pulse number) N of an ultrasonic pulse, and the magnification (amplification ratio) of a received ultrasonic level.

  Embodiments of a structure vibration monitoring apparatus and monitoring method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a structure vibration monitoring apparatus according to the present invention.

  In the structure vibration monitoring apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment, an ultrasonic transducer 13 is provided on an outer wall 12 of a container 11 in which a liquid such as water is accommodated. The ultrasonic transducer 13 is installed on the outer surface of the container wall 12 via an angle adjusting member 14 that is an angle adjusting means.

  The angle adjusting member 14 is located between the container wall 12 and the ultrasonic transducer 13 and functions as an ultrasonic propagation medium.

  In the container 11, a measurement object 16 as a structure is provided so as to be immersed in a liquid such as water. The vessel 11 is, for example, a reactor pressure vessel, a reactor vessel, a pump casing or a pumping pipe, a heat exchanger, a turbine vessel, or the like, and the measurement object is accommodated in the vessel 11, for example, a reactor internal structure And in-furnace equipment for jet pumps and internal pumps, pump rotation shafts, heat transfer tubes and turbine equipment.

  An ultrasonic pulse (transmission wave) a is transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 13 toward the measurement object 16, and the transmitted ultrasonic wave a is reflected by the measurement object 16. The reflected ultrasonic echo (received wave of ultrasonic pulse) b is received by the ultrasonic transmission / reception device 18 via the ultrasonic transducer 13. The received analog signal of the ultrasonic wave (reception wave) is sent to the A / D converter 19 and converted into a digital signal.

  The digital signal from the A / D conversion device 19 is subsequently sent to the signal processing device 20 for signal processing. The signal processing device 20 converts a change in the time waveform shape of the digital signal into a vibration waveform (which is vibration information of the measurement object 16) based on the ultrasonic waveform data, and performs signal processing such as frequency analysis. Do.

  Vibration information such as a vibration waveform and a vibration spectrum of the measurement object 16 subjected to signal processing by the signal processing device 20 is displayed on the display device 21. In addition, vibration information from the signal processing device 20 is input to the vibration determination device 22. The vibration determination device 22 determines the presence / absence of abnormality of the measurement target object to be monitored based on the vibration information of the measurement target object 16.

  Next, the propagation relationship of the ultrasonic signals in the structure vibration monitoring apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

  When the outer wall 12 of the container 11 is installed with an inclination with respect to the measurement object 16 of the structure to be monitored, the ultrasonic transducer 13 is installed at a right angle on the outer surface of the container wall 12. An ultrasonic wave (transmitted wave of an ultrasonic pulse) a transmitted from 13 is incident perpendicularly to the container wall 12, propagates in the container wall 12 in a right angle direction, enters the container 11, and enters the measurement object 16. It is incident with a required tilt angle and reflected by the density difference of the measurement object 16.

  Since the reflected ultrasonic wave (ultrasonic echo) b is reflected at an angle (reflection angle) equal to the incident angle of the measurement object 16, it reaches a position different from the ultrasonic transducer 13. Can not be received. The incident angle is an angle at which incident ultrasonic waves are formed with respect to a perpendicular line from the measurement target surface of the measurement object 16.

  On the other hand, when the container wall 12 is inclined relative to the measurement object 16 of the structural material, for example, a wedge-shaped angle adjusting member 14 is provided between the container wall 12 and the ultrasonic transducer 13. Is provided. The angle adjusting member 14 has an angle adjusting function in order to install the ultrasonic transducer 13 perpendicularly to the surface to be measured of the measurement object 16. By providing the angle adjusting member 14 as the angle adjusting means, the measurement target surface of the measurement object 16 and the installation surface of the ultrasonic transducer 13 can be set parallel to each other and output from the ultrasonic transducer 13. It is possible to make the ultrasonic wave incident perpendicularly to the surface to be measured of the measurement object 16.

  By providing an angle adjusting member 14 having a required wedge angle between the container outer wall 12 and the ultrasonic transducer 13, the ultrasonic pulse (transmitted wave) a transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 13 is refraction principle. Refracted when propagating between the angle adjusting member 14 and the container wall 12 and between the container wall 12 and the liquid in the container 11. Even if the ultrasonic waves are refracted, they propagate through the same transmission / reception paths 23a and 23b as shown by the transmission path 23a and the reception path 23b in FIG. The ultrasonic wave a transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer 13 can be reflected by the measurement object 16 to be received by the same ultrasonic transducer 13 as a reception wave b of an ultrasonic echo.

  FIG. 2 illustrates a propagation path due to refraction of ultrasonic waves transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 13.

The ultrasonic wave transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 13 is incident on the angle adjusting member 14. The ultrasonic wave propagates through the angle adjusting member 14 and then propagates to the container wall 12, but the angle adjusting member 14 and the container wall 12 have different sound velocities, and therefore the relationship represented by Expression (1). Causes refraction.

  Next, when the ultrasonic wave propagating in the liquid is reflected by the measurement object 16, if the angle θ5 is a right angle, the ultrasonic wave b reflected from the measurement object 16 is the same reception path 23b as the transmission path 23a. The ultrasonic transducer 13 is reached through this path. Thus, if the incident angle θ1 to the container wall 12 is determined so that the angle θ5 is 90 degrees, ultrasonic waves can be received and measured even when the container wall 12 has an inclination. It becomes possible to monitor the vibration of the object 16 with high accuracy.

  The angle adjustment member 14 may be manufactured by obtaining the incident angle θ1 on the container wall 12 based on the container wall 12 of the device to be monitored, the material of the liquid, and the temperature condition at that time. In addition, when the speed of sound differs due to individual differences in devices to be monitored or changes in temperature conditions, a plurality of angle adjusting members 14 having different incident angles θ1 on the container wall 12 may be prepared.

  Further, when the sound velocity C1 propagating through the angle adjusting member 14 is equal to the sound velocity C4 in the liquid in the container 11, the incident angle θ1 to the container wall and the refraction angle θ4 in the liquid are equal. For example, when the measuring object 16 is arranged vertically, the ultrasonic wave can be transmitted horizontally from the ultrasonic transducer 13, and the work for installation becomes easy.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, a method for measuring and monitoring the vibration of the structure that is the measurement object 16 will be described.

An electrical signal from the ultrasonic transmission / reception device 18 is input, and an ultrasonic wave a is transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 13 toward a measurement target (measurement target) 16 that is a structure in the container 11 as shown in FIG. The FIG. 3 shows a timing chart of the input signal e to the ultrasonic transducer 13 and the ultrasonic pulse (received wave) b (b ₁ , b ₂ ) received by the ultrasonic transducer 13 at this time.

When the measurement object 16 vibrates in the direction D of the arrow in FIG. 1, the detected time T of the received ultrasonic pulse (received wave) b ₁ is proportional to the vibration amplitude of the measurement object 16. Fluctuate. The ultrasonic pulse (received wave) b ₁ and the ultrasonic pulse (received wave) b ₂ are different from each other in time ΔT. This is because the measurement object 16 vibrates in the direction of the arrow, and in FIG. By moving, the distance that the ultrasonic pulse propagates in the liquid becomes longer, which means that there is a delay of time ΔT.

In this way, by continuously processing and plotting the detection time difference ΔT between the ultrasonic pulses (received waves) b ₁ and b ₂ , a vibration waveform W as shown in FIG. 4 can be obtained. The vibration waveform W can be calculated by multiplying the detection time difference ΔT by the speed of sound in the liquid. If the vibration waveform W is obtained, the vibration characteristics of the measurement object 16 can be grasped by performing frequency analysis. By monitoring the vibration state of the measurement object 16 periodically or continuously, an abnormality occurring in the measurement object 16 can be detected.

  According to the present embodiment, even when the container wall 12 has an inclination, it is possible to reliably receive ultrasonic waves, receive ultrasonic waves (ultrasonic echoes), and accurately measure the vibration of the measurement object 16. It becomes possible to monitor with.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the vibration monitoring apparatus for a structure according to the present invention.

  This structural vibration monitoring apparatus 10A shows an example applied to vibration measurement of the rotary shaft of the vertical pump 25.

  The vertical pump 25 has a pump shaft 28 in which an impeller (not shown) is connected in a pumping pipe 27, and when the pump shaft 28 rotates, water or the like below is sucked up by the impeller. It is a pump device that sends water. A pump device such as the vertical pump 25 having the pump shaft 28 as a rotating shaft can determine whether there is an abnormality by monitoring the vibration of the rotating shaft 28. Therefore, the vibration of the rotating shaft 28 is monitored. ing.

  In the vibration monitoring apparatus 10 </ b> A for the structure shown in FIG. 5, the pumping pipe 27 corresponds to the container 11 of the first embodiment, and the pumping pipe wall 28 corresponds to the container wall 12. In the description of the structure vibration monitoring apparatus 10A, the same components as those in the structure vibration monitoring apparatus 10 shown in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the structure and operation is repeated. Omitted.

  Normally, the pumping pipe 27 is bent from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. 5, and this curved portion often becomes a region 30 where the ultrasonic transducer 1 can be installed. The pumping pipe wall 29 is a curved curved portion and has an inclination with respect to the rotation axis. The ultrasonic transducer 13 transmits and receives ultrasonic waves by adjusting the angle θ1 (corresponding to the angle θ1 in FIG. 2) of the angle adjusting member 14 with respect to the pumping pipe wall 29 which is such a shaped container wall. Therefore, it is possible to measure the vibration of the pump shaft 28 that is the rotating shaft. The angle θ <b> 1 is an incident angle to the pumping pipe wall 29.

[Third Embodiment]
6 and 7 show a third embodiment of the vibration monitoring apparatus for a structure according to the present invention.

  The vibration monitoring apparatus 10B for the structure shown in the third embodiment is such that the ultrasonic transducer 13 is provided on the outer wall 12 of the container so that the angle can be adjusted by the angle adjusting means 35. Since it is not different from the vibration monitoring apparatus 10 of the structure shown in the first embodiment, the same components and functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted or simplified.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7A, the angle adjusting means 35 includes a base frame 36 as a base of a frame structure fixed to the outer wall 12 of the container 11, and a plurality of supports protruding from the base frame 36. A mounting plate 38 having an arbitrary shape such as a rectangle supported by a rod 37, and a medium 39 having a shape changeable as an acoustic coupling material provided between the mounting plate 38 and the container wall 12. The transducer 13 is inserted into the attachment port of the attachment plate 38 from the outside and fixed.

  7A and 7B, the upper support rod 37 is fixed to the base frame 36 and is connected to the mounting plate 38 with a degree of freedom of rotation. The lower support rod 37 is fixed to the base frame 36 and has a threaded portion on the tip side. An adjustment nut 40 is adjustable to adjust (change) the position of the mounting plate 38 in the axial direction of the support rod 37 on the threaded portion. Are screwed together. The medium 39 is sealed in a sleeve-like or cylindrical flexible bag or the like, and is a liquid or gel that changes its shape following the inclination of the mounting plate 38 with respect to the container wall 12 in the elevation direction. .

  As shown in FIG. 6, the angle adjusting means 35 can adjust the inclination angle of the mounting plate 38 with respect to the container outer wall 12 and set the position by tightening the adjusting nut 40. The inclination angle of the mounting plate 38 can be set to be adjustable.

[First Example of Third Embodiment]
FIGS. 8A and 8B show a first example of the third embodiment of the vibration monitoring apparatus for a structure according to the present invention.

  In the vibration monitoring apparatus 10B for a structure shown in the first embodiment, the angle adjusting means 35A is improved from the angle adjusting means 35 shown in FIGS. The same components as those of the angle adjusting unit 35 shown in the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  The angle adjusting means 35A shown in the first embodiment not only adjusts the angle of the mounting plate 38 in the elevation direction of the mounting plate 38 shown in FIG. 6, but also in a direction orthogonal to the angle adjusting direction. That is, it can be performed also in the swing direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 (A) and 8 (B), four support rods 37a˜37 are attached to the base frame 36 so that the angle adjustment means 35A can easily adjust the angle of the mounting plate 38 in the elevation direction and the swinging direction. Among d, adjustment nuts 40 and 40 are screw-coupled to the screw portions of the left and right support rods 37c and 37d. By operating the adjustment nuts 40, 40, the angle can be adjusted not only in the elevation direction but also in the swing direction.

  When fine adjustment is necessary, such as when the surface of the container wall 12 of the container 11 is slightly tilted due to problems of processing accuracy or temperature distortion, each adjustment nut 40 of the angle adjusting means 35B is operated, By making the mounting plate 38 adjustable not only in the elevation direction but also in the swinging direction, the measurement object 16 stored in the container 11 can be measured smoothly and smoothly from the outside of the container regardless of individual differences. The vibration of the measurement object 16 can be monitored without contact and nondestructively using an ultrasonic wave from the outside.

[Second Example of Third Embodiment]
FIGS. 9A and 9B show a second example of the third embodiment of the vibration monitoring apparatus for a structure according to the present invention.

  The vibration monitoring apparatus 10B2 for the structure shown in the second embodiment uses the ultrasonic transducer 13 separated for transmission and reception on the mounting plate 38 of the angle adjusting means 35B. Since this is not different from that shown in the third embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  The vibration monitoring apparatus 10B2 shown in the second embodiment includes a transmitting ultrasonic transducer 13a on the mounting plate 38, and receiving ultrasonic transducers 13b and 13b on both sides of the transmitting ultrasonic transducer 13a in the elevation direction (vertical direction). Are provided respectively. By providing the mounting plate 38 with the receiving ultrasonic transducers 13b and 13b in addition to the transmitting ultrasonic transducer 13a, the measurement object can be measured even when the reflection path is shifted due to a temperature change or the like. It is something that can be done.

[Fourth Embodiment]
10 and 11 show a fourth embodiment of the structure vibration monitoring apparatus according to the present invention.

  Since the layout configuration of the structure vibration monitoring apparatus 10C shown in the fourth embodiment is not different from that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the structure vibration monitoring apparatus 10 shown in the first embodiment and The same reference numerals are given to the same configurations and operations, and redundant description is omitted or simplified.

  In the structure vibration monitoring apparatus 10C shown in the fourth embodiment, when the ultrasonic wave a is transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 13 at the angle θ1 by the angle adjusting member 14, as shown in FIG. The ultrasonic waves (ultrasound echoes) b reflected from (see FIG. 2) are reflected at the boundary between the liquid and the container wall 12 and the boundary between the container wall 12 and the angle adjusting member 14 (see reference numerals 44a and 44b in FIG. 2). ) The ultrasonic echo level received by the ultrasonic transducer 13 decreases. Since the vibration measurement may not be possible when the echo level is lowered, the ultrasonic echo level can be improved and amplified by the method shown in FIG.

  Normally, an ultrasonic pulse transmitted from the ultrasonic transmission / reception device 18 to the ultrasonic transducer 13 is performed by a single rectangular wave voltage input as shown in FIG. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10B, in the structure vibration monitoring apparatus 10C shown in the fourth embodiment, a voltage N is inputted to the ultrasonic transducer 13 a plurality of times from the ultrasonic transmitting / receiving apparatus 18. Thus, the ultrasonic wave a can be transmitted a plurality of times, and the received ultrasonic echo level can be amplified. FIG. 10B shows an example in which a rectangular wave voltage input N times (N is an integer) is input to the ultrasonic transducer 13. Since the input energy is increased by inputting the voltage a plurality of times, the received echo level is gradually amplified. When a certain number of times is reached, the amplification factor increases due to the overlap with echoes that are multiply reflected in the container wall. Since the number of times of overlapping with the multiple reflected echo varies depending on the thickness of the container wall, an optimum N value may be selected for the measurement object 16 to be actually measured.

  FIG. 11 shows an example of the correlation between the number of voltage inputs (number of pulses) N from the ultrasonic transducer 13 and the amplification factor of the ultrasonic echo level. FIG. 11 shows a case where the container wall has a thickness of 12 mm of steel and the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is 2 MHz. If the container wall thickness is 12 mm and the sound velocity is 6000 m / s, the time during which multiple echoes are observed is 2 × 0.12 / 6000 = 4 μsec. Since the period of the ultrasonic wave having a frequency of 2 MHz is 0.5 μsec, when N is 8, the ultrasonic wave echo amplification level is high (approximately 3.5 times) because it overlaps the multiple echoes on the container wall.

  Further, by setting the voltage input interval of the rectangular wave to the same frequency as the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic transducer 13, a resonance phenomenon can be generated and amplified, so that the ultrasonic echo level can be received more effectively. become.

  The structure vibration monitoring apparatus 10C shown in the fourth embodiment performs voltage input a plurality of times in the ultrasonic transmission / reception apparatus 18 to transmit ultrasonic waves from the ultrasonic transducer 13, thereby measuring the measurement object 16 in the container 11. It is possible to amplify the signal level of the ultrasonic wave reflected from. At that time, by inputting the voltage signal from the ultrasonic transmission / reception device 18 to the ultrasonic transducer 13 at the same frequency as the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic transducer 13, the signal level of the transmitted ultrasonic wave can be amplified. The signal level of the ultrasonic wave reflected from the measurement object 16 can be amplified.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the ultrasonic transmission / reception device 18 can adjust the transmission wave number or the transmission frequency so that the signal level of the reflected ultrasonic wave is maximized.

  As described above, according to the present invention, even when the container wall on which the ultrasonic transducer 13 is installed has an inclination with respect to the surface of the measurement object 16 for vibration measurement, ultrasonic echoes can be efficiently generated. Thus, it is possible to provide a vibration monitoring apparatus capable of monitoring the vibration of the measurement object 16 with high accuracy.

10, 10A, 10B, 10B1, 10B2, 10C Structure vibration monitoring device 11 Container 12 Container wall (outer wall)
13 Ultrasonic transducer 14 Angle adjustment member (angle adjustment means)
16 Measurement object (structure)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 18 Ultrasonic transmission / reception apparatus 19 A / D conversion apparatus 20 Signal processing apparatus 21 Display apparatus 22 Vibration determination apparatus 23a Transmission path 23b Reception path 25 Vertical pump 27 Pumping pipe 28 Pump shaft (rotating shaft)
29 Lifting pipe wall 30 Installable area 35 Angle adjusting means 36 Base frame 37 Support rod 38 Mounting plate 39 Medium 40 Adjustment nut θ1 Angle of incidence on container wall θ2 Angle of refraction at container wall θ3 Angle of incidence on liquid θ4 Refraction angle

Claims (6)

In the structure vibration monitoring device for monitoring the vibration of the structure in the container having the inclination of the outer wall of the container with respect to the vibrating structure from the outside of the container,
An ultrasonic transducer provided on the outer wall of the container via an angle adjusting means;
An ultrasonic transmission / reception device that receives ultrasonic waves transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer and reflected from an object to be measured in the container;
An A / D converter that converts a received ultrasonic signal into a digital signal;
A signal processing device that performs arithmetic processing on the converted digital signal and converts the change in time waveform shape of the digital signal into vibration information of the measurement object;
It comprises a display device that displays vibration information of the measurement object signal-processed by this signal processing device,
Said angle adjustment means is an ultrasonic propagation medium, the ultrasonic transducer to be received ultrasonic waves reflected from the measurement object in the container, the measurement target with having a tilt against the container outer wall A vibration monitoring device for a structure, which is installed perpendicular to the surface to be measured. 2. The structure vibration monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the angle adjusting means is provided so as to be capable of adjusting an elevation angle of the ultrasonic transducer installed with an inclination with respect to the outer wall of the container. . 3. The structure vibration monitoring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the angle adjustment means is capable of adjusting the angle of the ultrasonic transducer in two directions perpendicular to the elevation direction and the swinging direction. 4. The structure vibration monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is provided by separating a transmitting ultrasonic transducer and a receiving ultrasonic transducer. 5. The ultrasonic transmission / reception apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transmission wave number or the transmission frequency can be adjusted so that a signal level of reflected ultrasonic waves is maximized. 6. Structure vibration monitoring device. In the vibration monitoring method for a structure, the vibration of the structure in the container having an inclination of the outer wall of the container with respect to the vibrating structure is monitored from the outside of the container.
An angle adjusting means is installed between the outer wall of the container and the ultrasonic transducer so that the ultrasonic transducer is perpendicular to the surface to be measured of the measurement object in the container, and ultrasonic waves are transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic wave reflected from the measurement object in the container is received by the same ultrasonic transducer using the refraction of the ultrasonic wave,
The received ultrasonic signal is converted into a digital signal,
A vibration monitoring method for a structure, wherein the vibration of the measurement object in the container is measured by converting the change in the time waveform shape of the converted digital signal into vibration information of the measurement object .

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