JP5317942B2 - External combustion type closed cycle heat engine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an external combustion type closed cycle heat engine that has a simple structure and is easy to operate and maintain.

  The Stirling engine is a type of external combustion closed cycle heat engine. Regardless of the type of heat source, the energy that is currently wasted can be used effectively, and it is quiet and has low pollution. It has been researched and developed and is regarded as one of the important future heat engines.

A Stirling engine is an external combustion heat engine that obtains power by heating and cooling a working gas sealed in an air chamber to expand and contract the working gas.
In a conventional displacer type Stirling engine, the working gas is reciprocated between a heating part and a cooling part by reciprocating the displacer to heat and cool the working gas, that is, expand and contract, thereby operating a power piston. To gain power. The displacer is configured to interlock with the power piston in phase (Patent Document 1).

  However, in the conventional Stirling engine, the working gas in the air chamber, the heater and the cooler is pressurized and depressurized at the same time. Therefore, during heating, the working gas in the cooler is also pressurized to pressurize the air chamber. Also, during cooling, the working gas in the heater must be depressurized in order to depressurize the air chamber. For this reason, when the volume of the heater or the cooler is larger than the air chamber volume, the engine efficiency is lowered. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the size of the heater and the cooler in order to increase the engine efficiency.

However, to operate the engine, it is necessary to take in and discharge the necessary amount of heat, and the heater and cooler must have sufficient capacity. In order to make the heater small and have sufficient capacity, there are means to reduce the thickness of the heat transfer surface and increase the heat transfer amount per area by raising the heating temperature, but it requires precise work and is expensive. It is necessary to use a new refractory metal, and the high temperature promotes corrosion of the heater.
In addition, the heater is not used during the cooling period, and the efficiency of the heater throughout the entire period is reduced, and the amount of external heat applied to the heater is wasted and the utilization efficiency is reduced. The same applies to the cooler during the heating period.

  In view of the prior art as described above, the volume of the heater or cooler is not related to the efficiency of the engine, can be multi-cylinder, large, and high output, and can effectively use a low-temperature heat source, The inventors of the present invention developed an external combustion type closed cycle heat engine that can be designed and manufactured under various conditions, and filed it earlier (Patent Document 2) (hereinafter referred to as “the invention of the present invention of the present inventor”). ).

  That is, a sealed air chamber, a heater and a cooler are provided, and a flow path is provided to communicate with the air chamber and the inlet side and the outlet side of the heater, and the air chamber and the inlet side and the outlet side of the cooler are provided. Provide a flow path that conducts, provide an open / close valve in the flow path on the inlet side and the outlet side, provide a means for moving the working gas, close the open / close valve on the cooler inlet side and the outlet side, seal the cooler, and heat Open / close valves on the inlet side and outlet side are opened and the working gas in the air chamber is circulated through the heater to heat the working gas in the air chamber, and the on / off valves on the inlet and outlet sides of the heater are closed. On the other hand, the opening and closing valves on the inlet side and outlet side of the cooler are opened and the working gas in the air chamber is circulated through the cooler to cool the working gas in the air chamber, and the working gas in the air chamber is expanded and contracted. An external combustion closed sensor that drives an action body connected to the lower part of the air chamber In cycle heat engine, the volume of the heater or cooler not related to the efficiency of the engine, the design under various conditions, and proposed fabrication can outer 燃式 closed cycle heat engine.

  However, the hot working gas present in the air chamber and the piston cylinder at the end of the heating process moves into the cooler at the start of the cooling process and is cooled. In this process, the amount of heat that the hot working gas has is outside the system. It was carried away and contributed to the decrease in thermal efficiency.

JP 2006-275018 A Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-008570

  In view of the prior art as described above, in the present invention, the volume of the heater or cooler is not related to the efficiency of the engine, and can be designed and manufactured under various conditions. It is an object of the present invention to provide an external combustion type closed cycle heat engine that is easy to maintain.

The inventors of the present invention have intensively studied to solve the above problems, and as a result, have completed the invention having the following configuration.
The invention of claim 1 is provided with a sealed air chamber, a heater, and a cooler, and provided with a flow path that communicates with the air chamber and an inlet portion and an outlet portion of the heater, and the air chamber and the inlet of the cooler. A flow path that communicates with the head and outlet sections is provided, an opening / closing valve is provided for the flow path on the inlet side and the outlet section, respectively, a working gas moving means is provided, and a flow path that communicates with the heater and the flow path are opened and closed. It is characterized in that a valve is provided, a flow path that communicates with the cooler, an open / close valve is provided in the flow path, and an operating body that communicates with each of the heater and the cooler is provided. It was found that the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine whose volume is not related to the efficiency of the engine, can be designed and manufactured under various conditions, has a simple structure, and is more efficient, easy to operate and maintain. In particular, in Patent Document 2, the air chamber and the working body are integrally configured. However, the present invention is an external combustion type closed cycle heat engine that can further improve the thermal efficiency by separating the air chamber and the working body. It has been found that can be realized.

  Invention of Claim 2 is the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine of Claim 1, Comprising: The on-off valve of the exit part of a cooler and the entrance part of a heater is a check valve among the on-off valves. It is characterized by.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the external combustion closed cycle heat engine according to claim 1, wherein the flow path of the on-off valve has three branches, and the fluid entering from one branch is changed to one of the other two branch paths. A three-way valve having a selective flow path or a two-branch flow path and another one branch as a flow path is provided.

  The invention of claim 4 is the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the operating body is a piston.

  A fifth aspect of the present invention is the external combustion closed cycle heat engine according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the operating body is a turbine. In this system, the flow passing through the working body is unidirectional, and a normal type turbine can be used, and it is not always necessary to be a reciprocating flow type. Although this engine has a large pressure difference, a special turbine is required because the gas flow rate is small. The use of heavy specific gravity gas can efficiently convert the generated pressure difference into momentum.

  The invention of claim 6 is the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plurality of operating bodies are provided and a heater and a cooler are shared. is there.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the drive shaft of a plurality of operating members is shared.

  The invention of claim 8 is the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6, and 7, wherein a plurality of piston crank chambers are shared. is there.

  The invention of claim 9 is the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6 to 8, wherein a plurality of pistons are arranged such that the sum total is 360 ° via a crank. It is characterized by being connected to a common drive shaft with a phase difference. The volume under the piston and the crank chamber and the pressure are constant.

  Invention of Claim 10 is an external combustion type closed cycle heat engine in any one of Claims 1-9, Comprising: A heat exchanger is provided between the flow paths of the heater inlet part side and the cooler inlet part side. It is characterized by that.

  Invention of Claim 11 is the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine in any one of Claims 1-10, Comprising: Two air chambers were provided in parallel with the heater and the cooler. Is.

In the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine of the present invention, when the air chamber is heated, the cooler is hermetically separated from the heater by an on-off valve, so the working gas in the cooler is not pressurized, and remains at low temperature and low pressure. When the air chamber is cooled, the heater is hermetically separated from the cooler by an on-off valve, so the working gas in the heater is not depressurized. The wasteful energy consumption for pressurizing and depressurizing the working gas in the heater and cooler, which has occurred in the past, does not occur regardless of the size of the heater or cooler. That is, when the air chamber is heated, the cooler is hermetically separated from the heater by the on-off valve, so that the working gas in the cooler can be continuously cooled effectively. Since it is hermetically separated from the cooler, the working gas in the heater can continue to be heated effectively, the heater / cooler can be effectively operated for the entire period, and the utilization efficiency of the heat source and cold source Can be increased. For this reason, the efficiency of heating and cooling is improved, and higher engine efficiency can be obtained as compared with the conventional Stirling engine.
Further, as compared with the prior invention of the inventor of the present inventor, the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine of the present invention is provided with the operating body that is electrically connected to each other through the heater, the cooler, and the on-off valve. Since the body can share the air chamber, the structure can be simplified, and the flow of working gas to the working body is unidirectional, so there are only two on-off valves or one three-way valve for each working body. The structure around the body can be simplified, and in the case of multiple cylinders, the total number of valves can be reduced. Further, since the temperature of the working body is constant, the thermal design of the working body is facilitated.
Since the volume of the heater, cooler, and air chamber including the flow path does not affect the efficiency as described above, the flow path between the heater, the cooler, and the air chamber and the working body can be lengthened. Since the cooler and the air chamber can be installed apart from the working body, the arrangement of the equipment is also free, and the existing waste heat source in a place where the working body is difficult to install can be used effectively.
In addition, since the heater and cooler can be enlarged, the heat transfer area can be increased, a sufficient amount of heat transfer can be obtained even if the temperature difference is small, low temperature heat sources such as waste heat can be used effectively, and the design conditions of the heater It becomes gentler and it is possible to select the most suitable one for the purpose regarding the material, structure, work, etc. of the heater.
There is no need to use rare helium as the working gas, and the working gas may be nitrogen, air or the like. Moreover, the turbine can be reduced in size by using a gas having a heavy specific gravity such as carbon dioxide or xenon.
In addition, since a displacer is not used, a heat insulating material can be provided in the air chamber, heat dissipation through the air chamber outline can be reduced, thermal efficiency can be improved, and furthermore, the air chamber outline can be kept at a low temperature. There is no need to use a heat-resistant alloy.

  If the on-off valve is a three-way valve type, the number of on-off valves can be reduced to one-half, the structure can be simplified, and at the same time the operation gas switching can be synchronized with good timing. It can be simplified.

  If the working body is a known piston or turbine, it is possible to provide an external combustion closed cycle heat engine that can be easily used as power from the working gas that expands and contracts.

  In the present invention, the working gas in the heater remains at a high temperature and a high pressure throughout the entire cycle, and the working gas in the cooler remains at a low temperature and a low pressure. A plurality of operating bodies can be provided on the base, and each operating body has one heater, one cooler and one air heater. The structure of the vessel and the air chamber can be greatly simplified.

  If the drive shafts of a plurality of operating bodies are shared, a large power can be obtained, and the operating bodies can be made compact. The plurality of operating bodies are divided into a plurality of groups, and each divided group is divided. However, if a drive shaft is shared, a plurality of powers can be obtained, and various designs can be handled according to available heat sources, installation locations, and various conditions of use.

  In the case of a multi-cylinder external combustion type closed cycle heat engine that uses a piston as an operating body, the crank chamber is shared so that each cylinder piston operates with a phase difference of 360 ° in total. The total volume and pressure under the piston in the chamber and the cylinder chamber can be made constant, and the operation of the piston can be made smooth by the fact that the force (back pressure) acting on the back side of the piston does not fluctuate.

  The flow path from the operating body to the cooler and the flow path from the air chamber to the cooler are the high temperature part, and the flow path from the air chamber to the heater is the low temperature part. By heating the working gas flowing into the heater by providing a part of the amount of heat originally flowing out from the cooler to the outside, it can be efficiently recovered and reused, so that the thermal efficiency can be improved.

  Heating by providing two air chambers in parallel with the heater and the cooler, and making sure that one of the air chambers is in the heating process by the open / close valve, and that one of the air chambers is always in the cooling process Since the low temperature gas always flows in the low temperature part toward the cooler and the high temperature gas always flows in the high temperature part toward the cooler, it is possible to further improve the efficiency of thermal energy recovery.

  As described above, the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine of the present invention has many effects.

The conceptual diagram which shows the Example of the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine of this invention The conceptual diagram which shows the Example of the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine of this invention Explanatory drawing of essential parts using different types of working bodies of the present invention The conceptual diagram which shows the Example of the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine of this invention The conceptual diagram which shows the Example of the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine of this invention The conceptual diagram which shows the Example of the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine of this invention

  Hereinafter, specific modes for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. The same reference numerals are given to components common to those in FIG.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of an external combustion type closed cycle heat engine of the present invention.
In the figure, a heater 10, a cooler 20, a sealed air chamber 30, a fan 1, and a working body 40 are provided, and an outlet portion 32 and an inlet portion 31 of the air chamber 30 and an inlet portion 11 of the heater 10 and Channels 13 and 14 are provided to communicate with the outlet 12, and channels 23 and 24 are provided to communicate with the outlet 32 and the inlet 31 of the air chamber 30 and the inlet 21 and the outlet 22 of the cooler 20. The on-off valves 15, 16, 25, and 26 are provided in the flow paths 13, 14, 23, and 24, and the working gas moving means 1 is provided in the outlet 32 flow path of the air chamber 30. The moving means 1 may be provided in the flow path to the entrance 31 of the air chamber 30. The moving means 1 is a fan 1, a pump, or the like and may be anything that can forcibly move the working gas. In the drawing, an electric motor is not shown, and the moving means 1 is hereinafter referred to as a fan 1.
The working body 40 includes a piston cylinder 41, a piston sliding inside the piston cylinder 41, a flywheel 43 fixed to the drive shaft 44, and a crank 45 connecting the piston 42 and the flywheel 43. The chamber 46 is configured. The drive shaft 44 outputs outside the crank chamber 46 via a shaft seal device (not shown). An inlet / outlet portion 47 is provided at the top of the piston cylinder 41, and flow paths 18 and 28 are respectively connected to the outlet portion 17 of the heater 10 and the cooler 20 inlet portion 27. 19 and 29 are provided.
The working gas is sealed with nitrogen gas or the like.

The above operation will be described in detail.
The on-off valves 25 and 26 at the inlet portion 21 and the outlet portion 22 of the cooler 20 are closed as shown by solid lines, and the cooler 20 is hermetically separated from the heater, and the on-off valves at the inlet portion 11 side and the outlet portion 12 side of the heater 10 are separated. 15 and 16 are opened as indicated by solid lines, and the working gas in the air chamber 30 is indicated by a solid line arrow in the drawing of the heater 10 → the on-off valve 16 → the air chamber 30 → the fan 1 → the on-off valve 15 → the heater 10. Circulate and heat. For this reason, the temperature and pressure in the air chamber 30 are equal to the temperature and pressure in the heater 10. The amount of gas in the air chamber 30 at this time is m _H.
Next, the heater 10 is hermetically separated from the cooler 20 by closing the on-off valves 15 and 16 on the heater 10 inlet 11 side and outlet 12 side as shown by broken lines, while the cooler 20 inlet 21 side and outlet are closed. The open / close valves 25 and 26 on the side of the section 22 are opened as indicated by broken lines, and the working gas in the air chamber 30 is changed to the cooler 20 → the open / close valve 26 → the air chamber 30 → the fan 1 → the open / close valve 25 → the cooler 20. Circulate and cool as shown by the middle dashed arrow. For this reason, the temperature and pressure in the air chamber 30 are equal to the temperature and pressure in the cooler 20. The amount of gas in the gas chamber 30 at this time is m _L.
In this process, the cooler 20 takes in the m _H gas amount and releases the m _L gas amount. Therefore, if m _L > m _H , the amount of gas in the cooler 20 decreases and the pressure decreases. On the other hand, the heater 10 releases m _H gas amount and takes in m _L gas amount. Accordingly, the amount of gas in the heater 10 increases and the pressure rises. In this process, a gas amount of “m _L −m _H ” per cycle moves from the cooler 20 to the heater 10.
This process reaches equilibrium when m _L = m _H , but according to Boyle-Charle's law, the equilibrium condition is “heater 10 internal pressure / cooler 20 internal pressure = heating internal temperature / cooling internal temperature”. It is.
On the other hand, the on-off valve 19 provided in the flow path 18 that is connected to the outlet portion 17 of the heater 10 and the inlet / outlet portion 47 of the operating body 40 is closed as shown by the solid line, and the inlet portion 27 of the cooler 20 is operated. If the on-off valve 29 provided in the flow path 28 connected to the inlet / outlet portion 47 of the body 40 is opened as shown by the solid line, the cylinder 41 is connected to the cooler 20 to become low temperature / low pressure, and the piston 42 To rise. In the drawing, the piston 42 is located at the top dead center and is in a state where the heating process of the heater 10 is completed.
In addition, the on-off valve 29 provided in the flow path 28 that is connected to the inlet portion 27 of the cooler 20 and the inlet portion / outlet portion 47 of the operating body 40 is closed as shown by a broken line, and the outlet portion 17 of the heater 10 is operated. If the on-off valve 19 provided in the flow path 18 connected to the inlet / outlet portion 47 of the body 40 is opened as indicated by a broken line, the cylinder 41 is connected to the heater 10 to become a high temperature / high pressure, and the piston 42 becomes high. Descends.
In this process, the amount of gas moves from the heater 10 to the cooler 20 via the piston 42. Accordingly, the amount of working gas from the cooler 20 to the heater 10 via the air chamber 30 is equal to the movement from the heater 10 to the cooler 20 via the piston 42, and the external combustion closed loop of the present invention. The cycle heat engine operates.
As is well known, an internal combustion engine (internal combustion heat engine) generates power by igniting and exploding gasoline or the like atomized in a cylinder to drive a piston up and down, but the external combustion closed cycle of the present invention. The heat engine is characterized in that the heater 10 automatically becomes a high pressure and the cooler 20 automatically becomes a low pressure in the cycle process through the air chamber 30.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine of the present invention.
In the figure, reference numerals 50, 51, and 52 indicate that the flow path has three branches and the fluid entering from one branch is selectively used as one of the other two branch paths, or any of the two branch paths. This is a three-way valve that selects one and uses the other one branch as a flow path. That is, the on-off valves 16 and 26 in FIG. 1 are replaced with a three-way valve 50, the on-off valves 15 and 25 are replaced with a three-way valve 51, and the on-off valves 19 and 29 are replaced with a three-way valve 52.

The operation of FIG. 2 will be described in detail.
The three-way valves 50 and 51 that are connected to the outlet portion 12 and the inlet portion 11 of the heater 10 are closed as indicated by solid lines, and the heater 10 is hermetically separated from the cooler 20 and is connected to the inlet portion 21 and the outlet portion 22 of the cooler 20. The three-way valves 51 and 50 are opened as indicated by a solid line, and the working gas in the air chamber 30 is changed to the cooler 20 → the three-way valve 50 → the air chamber 30 → the fan 1 → the three-way valve 51 → the cooler 20 and solid arrows in the figure. The three-way valve 52 provided in the flow path 28 connected to the inlet portion 27 of the cooler 20 and the inlet portion / outlet portion 47 of the working body 40 is closed as shown by a solid line, and is cooled as shown in FIG. The working gas of the cylinder 41 is caused to flow as indicated by the solid line arrow of the flow path 18. At this time, the three-way valve 51 is opened earlier than the three-way valve 50, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the air chamber 30 is guided into the cooler 20, thereby preventing the backflow to the fan 1. In the figure, the piston 42 is located at the bottom dead center and is in a state where the cooling process of the cooler 20 is finished.
While the three-way valves 50 and 51 that are connected to the cooler 20 outlet portion 22 and the inlet portion 21 are closed as indicated by broken lines, the cooler 20 is hermetically separated from the heater 10, while the heater 10 outlet portion 12 and the inlet portion 11 The conducting three-way valves 50 and 51 are opened as indicated by broken lines, and the working gas in the air chamber 30 is heated by the heater 10 → the three-way valve 50 → the air chamber 30 → the fan 1 → the three-way valve 51 → the heater 10 and the broken line in the figure. The three-way valve 52 provided in the flow path 18 that is circulated and heated as indicated by the arrows and is connected to the outlet portion 17 of the heater 10 and the inlet portion / outlet portion 47 of the working body 40 is closed as indicated by the broken line. The three-way valve 52 provided in the flow path 28 that is in communication with the inlet portion 27 of the cooler 20 and the inlet / outlet portion 47 of the operating body 40 is opened as indicated by a broken line, and the working gas is supplied to the cooler 20 through the flow path 28. Flow as shown by dashed arrows. At this time, the three-way valve 50 is opened earlier than the three-way valve 51, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the heater 10 is guided into the air chamber 30, thereby preventing the backflow to the fan 1.

  The three-way valves 50 and 51 are preferably operated in conjunction with each other, but the three-way valve 52 is preferably switched after the piston 42 passes the top dead center or the bottom dead center, and operates in conjunction with the three-way valves 50 and 51. There is no need.

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the main part, and FIG. 3A shows the working body 40 as a reciprocating turbine 60, and rotational torque is generated by the working gas flow generated between the high-pressure heater 10 and the low-pressure cooler 20. The rotating shaft 63 is taken out through the shaft seal device 64 to obtain rotational power.
In FIG. 3B, the working body 40 is a normal turbine 59, and rotational torque is generated by the working gas flow generated between the high-pressure heater 10 and the low-pressure cooler 20, and the rotating shaft is connected via the shaft seal device 64. 63 is taken out and the rotational power is obtained. The flow direction of the working gas flow is one direction.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment of the external combustion type closed cycle heat engine of the present invention.
In FIG. 2, two working bodies 40 of FIG. 2 are provided in parallel to the flow paths 18 and 28. A plurality of working bodies 40 not shown in the figure are provided, and a single heater 10 and cooler 20 are shared. It is the structure to do.
The piston 42 of the upper acting body 40 (1) is located at the bottom dead center, the piston 42 of the lower acting body 40 (2) is located at the top dead center, and the piston top 48 is located between the upper and lower dead centers. If the multi-cylinder is further provided with two acting bodies so as to be in the position indicated by the chain line, the operation can be smoothly performed. The number of cylinders is not limited to an even number, but may be an odd number as long as the volume of the piston cylinder 41 is taken into consideration.
Sharing the drive shaft 44 and the crank chamber 46 of the working body 40 shown in FIG. 4 by the plurality of working bodies 40 is not illustrated because it is not difficult to imagine if the top and bottom of the working body 40 shown in FIG. By sharing the drive shaft 44, a large power can be obtained, and the working body 40 can be divided into a plurality of groups to obtain a plurality of powers. Further, the crank chamber 46 is shared by the plurality of operating members 40, and the piston 42 is connected to the drive shaft 44 through the crank 45 with a phase difference of 360.degree. So that the back pressure of the piston 42 is constant. The operation of 42 can be made smooth.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment relating to heat recovery of the external combustion closed cycle heat engine of the present invention.
In the figure, the flow path 23 that connects the inlet portion 21 of the cooler 20 and the three-way valve 51 shown in FIG. 4 is disconnected from the inlet portion 21 of the cooler 20, and is connected to the flow path 28 as shown in FIG. A flow path 71 that conducts the flow path junction 70 and the inlet 27 of the cooler 20 is defined as a high temperature section 72, and the heater 10
A heat exchanger 74 (not shown) is provided with the flow path 13 that connects the inlet portion 11 and the three-way valve 51 as a low temperature portion 73.

In FIG. 5, when the three-way valves 50 and 51 are in the position of the solid line, the working gas circulates in the cooler 20, the three-way valve 50, the air chamber 30, the fan 1, the three-way valve 51, and the cooler 20. Next, at the moment when the three-way valves 50 and 51 are switched to the broken line positions of the three-way valves 50 and 51, the cooled working gas for 30 volumes of the air chamber flows through the flow path 13 toward the heater 10. Therefore, at this time, the flow path 13 presents the low temperature part 73. At the same time, the three-way valve 52 of the upper acting body 40 (1) shown in the drawing is switched from the position of the solid line to the position of the broken line, and the high-temperature working gas in the piston cylinder 41 shown in the working body 40 (1) enters the flow path 28. It flows to the cooler 20 through the flow path 71. Accordingly, at this time, the flow path 71 exhibits the high temperature portion 72, and at the same time, the three-way valve 52 of the lower acting body 40 (2) shown in the figure is at the position of the solid line, and the high temperature working gas in the piston cylinder 41 is passed through the flow path 28. The three-way valve 52 becomes the position of the broken line, and the flow of the high temperature working gas to the flow path 28 is stopped.
When the three-way valves 50 and 51 are at the positions indicated by broken lines, the working gas is circulated through the heater 10 → the three-way valve 50 → the air chamber 30 → the fan 1 → the three-way valve 51 → the heater 10. Next, at the moment when the three-way valves 50 and 51 are switched to the positions of the solid lines of the three-way valves 50 and 51, the heated working gas for 30 volumes of the air chamber flows through the flow path 23 and passes through the flow path 71 to cool the cooler 20. Head to. Accordingly, at this time, the flow path 71 exhibits a high temperature portion 72.
Therefore, the low temperature part 73 is always kept at a low temperature, and the high temperature part 72 is always kept at a high temperature. Therefore, a heat exchanger 74 (not shown) is provided between the low temperature part 73 and the high temperature part 72 to provide a high temperature part 72. The heat can be transferred from the heat source to the low temperature part 73, and the heat discarded outside the system can be efficiently recovered.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing an embodiment relating to heat recovery of the external combustion closed cycle heat engine of the present invention.
In FIG. 5, two air chambers 30 (1) and 30 (2) in FIG. 5 are provided in parallel with the heater 10 and the cooler 20. The same code | symbol was provided to the common component, and also (1) and (2) were provided.
In FIG. 6, at the moment when the three-way valves 50 (1) (2) and 51 (1) (2) change from the solid line position to the broken line position, the low-temperature working gas flows from the air chamber 30 (1). 13 (1), presents a low temperature portion 73, and hot working gas flows from the air chamber 30 (2) to the flow path 71, presents a high temperature portion 72, and the three-way valves 50 (1) (2) and 51 (1 ) At the moment when (2) changes from the position of the broken line to the position of the solid line, the hot working gas flows from the air chamber 30 (1) to the flow path 71, presents the high temperature portion 72, and from the air chamber 30 (2). The low-temperature working gas flows through the flow path 13 (2) and presents the low-temperature part 73. That is, in the entire heating and cooling process, the low-temperature working gas flows through the flow path 13 and presents the low-temperature part 73, and the high-temperature working gas flows through the flow path 71 and exhibits the high-temperature part 72. In other words, one of the air chambers 30 is always in the heating process, and therefore the low temperature gas always flows to the heater in the low temperature part, and one of the air chambers 30 is always in the cooling process, so the high temperature part. Since the hot gas always flows to the cooler, the efficiency of heat energy recovery can be improved.
In addition, since the fans 1 are provided on the side of the air chambers 30 (1) and 30 (2) outlets 34 (1) and 34 (2), all the working gas in the heater 10 and the cooler (2) is exhausted. There is no stagnation in the process, and the heat exchange efficiency in the heater 10 and the cooler 20 can be improved.

1 Moving means (fan, pump, etc.)
10 Heater 11, 21, 27, 31 Inlet part 12, 17, 22, 32 Outlet part 13, 14, 18, 23, 24, 28 Flow path 15, 16, 19, 25, 26, 29 On-off valve 20 Cooler 30 Air chamber 40 Action body 41 Piston cylinder 42 Piston 43 Flywheel 44 Drive shaft 45 Crank 46 Crank chamber 47 Entrance / outlet portion 48 Piston top 50, 51, 52 Three-way valve 59 Turbine 60 Reciprocating turbine 61 Upper air chamber 62 Lower air chamber 63 Rotating shaft 64 Shaft seal device 70 Flow path confluence 71 Flow path 72 High temperature section 73 Low temperature section 74 Heat exchanger (not shown)

Claims (11)

  A sealed air chamber, a heater and a cooler are provided, and a flow path is provided to communicate with the air chamber and the inlet and outlet of the heater, and the air chamber and the inlet and outlet of the cooler are electrically connected. A flow path, an open / close valve is provided in each of the flow path on the inlet side and the outlet side, a working gas moving means is provided, a flow path that is in communication with the heater, an open / close valve is provided in the flow path, and a cooler An external combustion type closed cycle heat engine characterized in that a conducting channel and an opening / closing valve are provided in the channel, and an operating body is provided to conduct with each of a heater and a cooler.   2. The external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to claim 1, wherein among the on-off valves, an outlet portion of the cooler and an inlet portion of the heater are check valves.   The flow path of the on-off valve has three branches, and the fluid entering from one branch is selectively set to one of the other two branch paths, or one of the two branch paths is selected and the other 1 The external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to claim 1, wherein the three-way valve has a branch as a flow path.   The external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the operating body is a piston.   The external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the operating body is a turbine.   The external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plurality of operating bodies are provided and a heater and a cooler are shared.   The external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a plurality of actuating body drive shafts are shared.   The external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of piston crank chambers are shared.   The external combustion type closed according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of pistons are connected to a common drive shaft via a crank with a phase difference of a total sum of 360 °. Cycle heat engine.   The external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a heat exchanger is provided between the flow paths on the heater inlet side and the cooler inlet side. The external combustion type closed cycle heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein two air chambers are provided in parallel with a heater and a cooler.

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