JP5314905B2 - Hydraulic equipment for cargo handling - Google Patents

Hydraulic equipment for cargo handling Download PDF

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JP5314905B2
JP5314905B2 JP2008046978A JP2008046978A JP5314905B2 JP 5314905 B2 JP5314905 B2 JP 5314905B2 JP 2008046978 A JP2008046978 A JP 2008046978A JP 2008046978 A JP2008046978 A JP 2008046978A JP 5314905 B2 JP5314905 B2 JP 5314905B2
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tank
lift cylinder
switching valve
pump
rod chamber
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尚之 伊藤
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ユニキャリア株式会社
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Description

本発明は、例えばフォークリフト等の荷役車両に適用される荷役用油圧装置の改良に関する。   The present invention relates to an improvement in a cargo handling hydraulic device applied to a cargo handling vehicle such as a forklift.

従来、この種の荷役用油圧装置としては、例えば特許文献1〜3に記載されたものや特許文献4に記載されたものが知られている。
前者のものは、基本的には、タンクと、タンクに接続されたポンプと、ポンプに接続された切換弁と、テール室が切換弁に接続されると共にロッド室がタンクに接続されて荷物を昇降させるリフトシリンダと、切換弁とタンクとの間に設けられてポンプからの圧油を常時タンクに還流させるリターン路と、から構成されている。
後者のものは、基本的には、タンクと、タンクに接続されたポンプと、ポンプに接続された切換弁と、テール室が切換弁に接続されると共にロッド室がタンクに接続されて荷物を昇降させるリフトシリンダと、リフトシリンダのロッド室とタンクとの間に設けられたフィルタと、切換弁とフィルタとの間に設けられてポンプからの圧油を常時タンクに還流させるリターン路と、から構成されている。
Conventionally, as this kind of hydraulic device for cargo handling, for example, those described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 and those described in Patent Document 4 are known.
In the former, basically, a tank, a pump connected to the tank, a switching valve connected to the pump, a tail chamber is connected to the switching valve, and a rod chamber is connected to the tank to load the cargo. The lift cylinder is configured to move up and down, and the return path is provided between the switching valve and the tank, and returns the pressure oil from the pump to the tank at all times.
In the latter, basically, a tank, a pump connected to the tank, a switching valve connected to the pump, a tail chamber is connected to the switching valve, and a rod chamber is connected to the tank to load the cargo. A lift cylinder that moves up and down, a filter that is provided between the rod chamber of the lift cylinder and the tank, and a return path that is provided between the switching valve and the filter to constantly return the pressure oil from the pump to the tank. It is configured.

而して、何れのものも、リフトシリンダは、ロッド室がタンクに接続されてロッド室内に油液が満たされた所謂油満式にされて居り、リフトシリンダが伸長されると、ロッド室の油液がタンクへ吐出されると共に、リフトシリンダが短縮されると、タンクの油液がロッド室に吸込まれ、所謂タンクの油液がリフトシリンダのロッド室に給排される様になっている。   Thus, in any case, the lift cylinder is a so-called oil-filled type in which the rod chamber is connected to the tank and the rod chamber is filled with oil, and when the lift cylinder is extended, When oil is discharged into the tank and the lift cylinder is shortened, the oil in the tank is sucked into the rod chamber, and so-called oil in the tank is supplied to and discharged from the rod chamber of the lift cylinder. .

実開平2−18496号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-18496 実開平2−26099号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-26099 特開2001−107904号公報JP 2001-107904 A 特開2004−10199号公報JP 2004-10199 A

然しながら、前者のものは、リフトシリンダのロッド室とタンクが直接接続されているので、タンク内の清掃状態が悪いと、タンク内のゴミやコンタミ(コンタミネーションの略、汚染物質)がロッド室内に吸込まれる可能性が高く、リフトシリンダが損傷する惧れがあった。
他方、後者のものは、リフトシリンダのロッド室とタンクとの間には、フィルタが設置されているので、この様な難点が少ないものの、これらの間の油液の流れが吐出と吸込の両方になる為に、フィルタが流体抵抗になってリフトシリンダのロッド室への油液の給排が適正に行なわれない難点があった。加えて、フィルタの分だけコストが高く付くと共に、これ自体のメンテナンスも必要であった。
However, in the former, since the rod chamber of the lift cylinder and the tank are directly connected, if the cleaning condition in the tank is poor, dirt and contamination in the tank (contamination for contamination) is contained in the rod chamber. There was a high possibility of being sucked in, and there was a risk of damage to the lift cylinder.
On the other hand, in the latter, a filter is installed between the rod chamber of the lift cylinder and the tank, so there are few such difficulties, but the flow of oil between them is both discharged and sucked. As a result, the filter becomes fluid resistance, and there is a problem that the oil liquid is not properly supplied to and discharged from the rod chamber of the lift cylinder. In addition, the cost is increased by the amount of the filter, and maintenance of the filter itself is necessary.

要するに、従来の何れのものも、余分なコストとメンテナンスが不要で、それでいてタンク内の清掃状態が悪くてもリフトシリンダの損傷を防ぐと共に、これを適正に作動できるものではなかった。   In short, none of the conventional devices require extra cost and maintenance, and even if the cleaning condition in the tank is poor, damage to the lift cylinder is prevented and it cannot be operated properly.

本発明は、叙上の問題点に鑑み、これを解消する為に創案されたもので、その課題とする処は、余分なコストとメンテナンスが不要で、それでいてタンク内の清掃状態が悪くてもリフトシリンダの損傷を防ぐと共に、これを適正に作動できる様にした荷役用油圧装置を提供するにある。   The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and was devised to solve this problem. The problem to be solved is that extra cost and maintenance are unnecessary, and the cleaning condition in the tank is poor. An object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic device for cargo handling that prevents damage to the lift cylinder and enables it to operate properly.

本発明の荷役用油圧装置は、基本的には、タンクと、タンクに接続されたポンプと、ポンプに接続された切換弁と、切換弁にテール室が接続されてポンプからの圧油に依り荷物を昇降させるリフトシリンダと、切換弁とタンクとの間に設けられてポンプからの圧油を常時タンクに還流させるリターン路と、リフトシリンダのロッド室とリターン路の上流側とを接続する連絡路と、から構成した事に特徴が存する。   The cargo handling hydraulic system of the present invention basically includes a tank, a pump connected to the tank, a switching valve connected to the pump, a tail chamber connected to the switching valve, and pressure oil from the pump. A lift cylinder that raises and lowers the load, a return path that is provided between the switching valve and the tank to return the hydraulic oil from the pump to the tank at all times, and a connection that connects the rod chamber of the lift cylinder and the upstream side of the return path The feature is that it is composed of roads.

切換弁が上昇側に切換操作されると、ポンプからの圧油が切換弁を介してリフトシリンダのテール室に送給される。
リフトシリンダのテール室に圧油が送給されると、これが伸長して荷物が上昇される。リフトシリンダが伸長されると、ロッド室の油液が連通路及びリターン路を経てタンクへ還流される。
When the switching valve is switched to the upward side, the pressure oil from the pump is supplied to the tail chamber of the lift cylinder through the switching valve.
When pressure oil is fed to the tail chamber of the lift cylinder, it expands and the load is raised. When the lift cylinder is extended, the oil in the rod chamber is returned to the tank through the communication path and the return path.

切換弁が下降側に切換操作されると、ポンプからの圧油とリフトシリンダのテール室の圧油とが切換弁及びリターン路を経てタンクに還流される。リフトシリンダのテール室の圧油が排出されると、これが短縮されて荷物が下降される。リフトシリンダが短縮されると、リターン路の上流側の圧油が連通路を経てロッド室に吸込まれる。
リフトシリンダのロッド室に吸込まれる油液は、タンク内の油液ではなく、切換弁からリターン路を通ってタンクに排出される加圧された清浄な圧油であるので、リフトシリンダのロッド室にゴミやコンタミが流入される惧れがなく、これに依る不具合を防止できる。
When the switching valve is switched to the lower side, the pressure oil from the pump and the pressure oil in the tail chamber of the lift cylinder are returned to the tank through the switching valve and the return path. When the pressure oil in the tail chamber of the lift cylinder is discharged, this is shortened and the load is lowered. When the lift cylinder is shortened, the pressure oil upstream of the return path is sucked into the rod chamber through the communication path.
The oil liquid sucked into the rod chamber of the lift cylinder is not the oil liquid in the tank but the pressurized clean pressure oil discharged from the switching valve through the return path to the tank. There is no risk of trash and contaminants flowing into the room, and problems due to this can be prevented.

本発明に依れば、次の様な優れた効果を奏する事ができる。
(1) タンク、ポンプ、切換弁、リフトシリンダ、リターン路とで構成し、とりわけリフトシリンダのロッド室とリターン路の上流側とを連通路に依り接続したので、余分なコストとメンテナンスが不要で、それでいてタンク内の清掃状態が悪くてもリフトシリンダの損傷を防ぐと共に、これを適正に作動できる。
(2) リフトシリンダのロッド室とリターン路の上流側とを連通路に依り接続するだけであるので、構造が非常に簡単で、既存のものへも容易に適用できる。
According to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be achieved.
(1) Consists of a tank, pump, switching valve, lift cylinder, and return path, and in particular, the rod chamber of the lift cylinder and the upstream side of the return path are connected via a communication path, eliminating extra costs and maintenance. Even if the cleaning condition in the tank is poor, the lift cylinder can be prevented from being damaged and can be properly operated.
(2) Since the rod chamber of the lift cylinder and the upstream side of the return path are simply connected by the communication path, the structure is very simple and can be easily applied to existing ones.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図面に基づいて説明する。
図1は、本発明の荷役用油圧装置を示す油圧回路図である。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a cargo handling hydraulic apparatus according to the present invention.

荷役用油圧装置1は、タンク2、ポンプ3、切換弁4、リフトシリンダ5、リターン路6、連通路7とからその主要部が構成されている。   The cargo handling hydraulic apparatus 1 includes a tank 2, a pump 3, a switching valve 4, a lift cylinder 5, a return path 6, and a communication path 7.

タンク2は、油液が貯溜されたものである。   The tank 2 stores oil.

ポンプ3は、タンク2に接続されたもので、この例では、吸込側がストレーナ8を介してタンク2に接続され、エンジンやモータ等の原動機9に依り回転駆動される。   The pump 3 is connected to the tank 2. In this example, the suction side is connected to the tank 2 via the strainer 8 and is driven to rotate by a prime mover 9 such as an engine or a motor.

切換弁(コントロールバルブ)4は、ポンプ3に接続されたもので、この例では、P,P′,R,R′,A,Bの各ポートを備えた六ポート三位置型にしてあり、PポートとP′ポートはポンプ3の吐出側に接続されていると共に、Bポートは盲にされている。
而して、切換弁4のPポートとポンプ3の吐出側との間には、逆止弁10が介設されている。
The switching valve (control valve) 4 is connected to the pump 3, and in this example, it is a six-port three-position type having P, P ', R, R', A, and B ports, The P port and P ′ port are connected to the discharge side of the pump 3 and the B port is blinded.
Thus, a check valve 10 is interposed between the P port of the switching valve 4 and the discharge side of the pump 3.

リフトシリンダ5は、切換弁4にテール室11が接続されて荷物を昇降させるもので、この例では、左右一対のもので、夫々テール室11とロッド室12を備えた複動型にしてあり、テール室11は下降制御弁(ダウンコントロールバルブ)13を介して切換弁4のAポートに接続されている。
リフトシリンダ5は、図略しているが、ピストンロッドの先端に軸設したシーブと、これに掛渡されたチェーンに依り荷物を積載したフォークを昇降する様になっている。
The lift cylinder 5 has a tail chamber 11 connected to the switching valve 4 to raise and lower a load. In this example, the lift cylinder 5 is a pair of left and right, and is a double-acting type having a tail chamber 11 and a rod chamber 12 respectively. The tail chamber 11 is connected to the A port of the switching valve 4 via a lowering control valve (down control valve) 13.
Although not shown in the drawings, the lift cylinder 5 is configured to move up and down a fork loaded with luggage by means of a sheave that is provided at the tip of a piston rod and a chain that extends over the sheave.

リターン路6は、切換弁4とタンク2との間に設けられてポンプ3からの圧油を常時タンク2に還流させるもので、この例では、切換弁4のRポートとR′ポートとをタンク2に接続している。
而して、ポンプ3とリターン路6との間には、圧力制御弁(リリーフバルブ)14が介設されている。
The return path 6 is provided between the switching valve 4 and the tank 2 to constantly return the pressure oil from the pump 3 to the tank 2. In this example, the R port and the R ′ port of the switching valve 4 are connected to each other. Connected to tank 2.
Thus, a pressure control valve (relief valve) 14 is interposed between the pump 3 and the return path 6.

連通路7は、リフトシリンダ5のロッド室12とリターン路6の上流側とを接続するもので、この例では、切換弁4のR′ポートとリフトシリンダ5のロッド室12とを接続し、切換弁4を経た圧油が直ちにリフトシリンダ5のロッド室12へ吸込まれる様にしてある。   The communication path 7 connects the rod chamber 12 of the lift cylinder 5 and the upstream side of the return path 6. In this example, the R ′ port of the switching valve 4 and the rod chamber 12 of the lift cylinder 5 are connected. The pressure oil passing through the switching valve 4 is immediately sucked into the rod chamber 12 of the lift cylinder 5.

次に、この様な構成に基づいてその作用を述解する。
切換弁4が上昇側(右側ポジション)に切換操作されると、ポンプ3からの圧油が切換弁4を介してリフトシリンダ5のテール室11に送給される。
リフトシリンダ5のテール室11に圧油が送給されると、これが伸長して荷物が上昇される。リフトシリンダ5が伸長されると、ロッド室12の油液が連通路7とリターン路6を介してタンク2へ還流される。
Next, the operation will be described based on such a configuration.
When the switching valve 4 is switched to the ascending side (right position), the pressure oil from the pump 3 is supplied to the tail chamber 11 of the lift cylinder 5 through the switching valve 4.
When pressure oil is fed to the tail chamber 11 of the lift cylinder 5, it expands and the load is raised. When the lift cylinder 5 is extended, the oil in the rod chamber 12 is returned to the tank 2 through the communication path 7 and the return path 6.

切換弁4が下降側(左側ポジション)に切換操作されると、ポンプ3からの圧油がリターン路6を経てタンク2に還流されると共に、リフトシリンダ5のテール室11の圧油が排出されて切換弁4とリターン路6を経てタンク2に還流される。リフトシリンダ5のテール室11の圧油が排出されると、これが短縮されて荷物が下降される。リフトシリンダ5が短縮されると、リターン路6の上流側の圧油が連通路7を介してロッド室12に吸込まれる。   When the switching valve 4 is switched to the lower side (left side position), the pressure oil from the pump 3 is returned to the tank 2 through the return path 6 and the pressure oil in the tail chamber 11 of the lift cylinder 5 is discharged. Then, it returns to the tank 2 through the switching valve 4 and the return path 6. When the pressure oil in the tail chamber 11 of the lift cylinder 5 is discharged, this is shortened and the load is lowered. When the lift cylinder 5 is shortened, the pressure oil on the upstream side of the return path 6 is sucked into the rod chamber 12 via the communication path 7.

リフトシリンダ5のロッド室12に吸込まれる油液は、タンク2内の油液ではなく、ストレーナ8を経てポンプ3に依り吐出されて切換弁4からリターン路6を通ってタンク2に戻される加圧された清浄な圧油であるので、リフトシリンダ5のロッド室12にゴミやコンタミが流入される惧れがなく、これに依る不具合が防止される。
リターン路6及び連通路7には、フィルタを設けていないので、これに依る流体抵抗がないと共に、これを割愛できるので、コストとメンテナンスの削減を図る事ができる。
The oil liquid sucked into the rod chamber 12 of the lift cylinder 5 is discharged not by the oil liquid in the tank 2 but by the pump 3 through the strainer 8 and returned to the tank 2 from the switching valve 4 through the return path 6. Since the pressurized pressurized oil is used, there is no possibility that dust and contamination will flow into the rod chamber 12 of the lift cylinder 5, and problems due to this will be prevented.
Since the return path 6 and the communication path 7 are not provided with a filter, there is no fluid resistance due to this, and this can be omitted, so that cost and maintenance can be reduced.

尚、リフトシリンダ5は、先の例では、左右一対のものであったが、これに限らず、例えば単一のものでも良い。   In the above example, the lift cylinder 5 is a pair of left and right, but is not limited thereto, and may be a single one, for example.

本発明の荷役用油圧装置を示す油圧回路図。The hydraulic circuit diagram which shows the hydraulic apparatus for cargo handling of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1…荷役用油圧装置、2…タンク、3…ポンプ、4…切換弁、5…リフトシリンダ、6…リターン路、7…連通路、8…ストレーナ、9…原動機、10…逆止弁、11…テール室、12…ロッド室、13…下降制御弁、14…圧力制御弁。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hydraulic equipment for cargo handling, 2 ... Tank, 3 ... Pump, 4 ... Switching valve, 5 ... Lift cylinder, 6 ... Return path, 7 ... Communication path, 8 ... Strainer, 9 ... Prime mover, 10 ... Check valve, 11 ... tail chamber, 12 ... rod chamber, 13 ... lowering control valve, 14 ... pressure control valve.

Claims (1)

タンクと、タンクに接続されたポンプと、ポンプに接続された切換弁と、切換弁にテール室が接続されてポンプからの圧油に依り荷物を昇降させるリフトシリンダと、切換弁とタンクとの間に設けられてポンプからの圧油を常時タンクに還流させるリターン路と、リフトシリンダのロッド室とリターン路の上流側とを接続する連絡路と、から構成した事を特徴とする荷役用油圧装置。   A tank, a pump connected to the tank, a switching valve connected to the pump, a lift cylinder in which a tail chamber is connected to the switching valve and lifts and lowers the load by pressure oil from the pump, and a switching valve and the tank Hydraulics for cargo handling, characterized by comprising a return path that is provided in between to return pressure oil from the pump to the tank at all times, and a connecting path that connects the rod chamber of the lift cylinder and the upstream side of the return path. apparatus.
JP2008046978A 2008-02-28 2008-02-28 Hydraulic equipment for cargo handling Active JP5314905B2 (en)

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JP5725520B2 (en) * 2013-09-20 2015-05-27 ニチユ三菱フォークリフト株式会社 Hydraulic system and forklift equipped with the hydraulic system

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JPH0638080Y2 (en) * 1988-07-20 1994-10-05 東洋運搬機株式会社 Hydraulic system for cargo handling
JPH02291399A (en) * 1989-04-28 1990-12-03 Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd Oil full cylinder device
JP2001107904A (en) * 1999-10-04 2001-04-17 Tcm Corp Hydraulic system of cargo handling
JP4193420B2 (en) * 2002-06-04 2008-12-10 Tcm株式会社 Forklift vibration suppression device

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