JP5313762B2 - Organic fertilizer spreader - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is a spreader that spreads fertilizer on a field, and a fertilizer box into which fertilizer to be sprayed is loaded is a cart-like cargo box that is driven by a traveling wheel that is mounted on the lower surface, and the floor surface in the cargo box Equipped with a floor conveyor, equipped with a spreading disc rotating on the vertical axis at the rear end of the packing box, the organic fertilizer thrown into the packing box is sent back by the floor conveyor and dropped onto the spreading disc In addition, the present invention relates to an organic fertilizer spraying device that is sprayed by the spraying disc.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the spreader for spreading organic fertilizer on the field is a floor inside a cargo box b formed in a cart shape that is driven by a running wheel a provided on the lower surface side. By driving the drive sprocket provided on the drive shaft c on the surface, the floor conveyor d is rotated endlessly along the floor surface so that the transport surface on the upper surface rotates from the front end portion toward the rear end portion. Conveyed with a paddle on the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft that rotates on a vertical or horizontal axis at a position above the rear end of the floor conveyor d at a position facing the opening on the rear end side of the packing box b A mania spreader, which is constructed by mounting a beater e and supporting a spreading disk f rotating on a vertical axis at a portion below the conveying beater e and below the rear end of the floor conveyor d. Or there is a fertilizer spreader called compost spreader.

  In this organic fertilizer spreader, organic fertilizer such as compost to be spread is put into the packing box b and stored in a piled state, and the organic fertilizer is operated by the operation of the floor conveyor d on the floor surface of the packing box b. As shown in a double line arrow in FIG. 3, while being sequentially broken by the conveying beater e from the trailing edge of the deposited fertilizer that is sent out toward the opening on the rear end side of the packing box b and moved. In addition, it is ejected rearward, guided downward by a guide wall g provided behind the conveying beater e, and dropped onto the upper surface of the spreading disc f · f that rotates on the vertical axis that is parallelly mounted below. With the rotation operation of the spreading discs f and f, as shown by the double line arrows in FIG.

  Generally, organic fertilizer spreaders called mania spreaders and compost spreaders are used to load manure such as cow dung, pig dung, and chicken dung into the packing box, and then send them back sequentially by the floor conveyor. The manure to be spread differs depending on the type of cow dung, pig dung, chicken dung, etc. as shown in the following table.

  For this reason, the amount of fertilization when spreading and fertilizing with a spreader is usually 1000 to 3000 kg / 10a per 10 ares for cow dung, but for manure with many fertilizer components, Fertilizer is applied by spraying 200-1000 kg / 10a, which is less than the amount of cow dung, so as not to cause fertilizer and burns.

  However, when poultry manure is sprayed, the manure is more fertilizer component than cattle manure or pig manure, so the application work is carried out with a small amount of application per field area. The spreading accuracy of the fertilizer by the spreading disc in the left-right direction is poor, and there is a problem that fertilizer is easily damaged due to uneven spreading, resulting in a part where the spreading amount increases.

  The problem to be solved is that a compost spreader, generally called a mania spreader, that feeds organic fertilizer that has been put into the packing box with a floor conveyor, scrapes it with a conveyor beater, and sprays it with a spreading disk, If organic fertilizer with a large amount of ingredients is sprayed on the field, there are many fertilizer ingredients, so even if sprayed with a small amount of spraying per area, spraying accuracy is poor and uniform spraying cannot be obtained. It is in the point which becomes easy to do.

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides, in the present invention, an organic fertilizer spreader in the form of a manure spreader referred to as a mania spreader in a portion facing the opening at the rear of the packing box. It is assumed that the conveyance beater that rotates on the vertical or horizontal axis is not removed, and the organic fertilizer that is sent backward in the cargo box by the floor conveyor reaches the rear end that is the end of the floor conveyor conveyance surface. Then, it is allowed to fall from the rear end portion onto the upper surface of the lower spreading disc. Then, in the upper part of the rear end side of the floor conveyor in the packing box, the organic fertilizer sent out backward by the floor conveyor in the packing box is dammed to the part that approaches the front end before the terminal end of the floor conveyor. A dam plate-shaped regulating gate that crosses left and right to stop is installed in a state where the lower edge is raised from the upper surface of the floor conveyor so as to form a predetermined interval between the lower edge of the regulating gate and the upper surface of the floor conveyor. Then, the organic fertilizer sent out by the floor conveyor is dammed up by the restriction gate, and only the portion of the fertilizer facing the gap between the lower edge of the restriction gate and the upper face of the floor conveyor has a deposition height corresponding to the gap. As a fertilizer layer, it is carried out, and thereby the amount carried out is regulated.
And, behind this regulation gate, on the upper surface side between the terminal end of the floor conveyor, the organic fertilizer that is carried out through the interval between the lower edge of the regulation gate and the upper surface of the floor conveyor, A width-shifting plate that guides the flow from the left and right to narrow the flow width is installed, so that the organic fertilizer that is transported through the space below the lower edge of the gate The present invention proposes an organic fertilizer spreader configured to be gathered into a narrow width and fall down from the end of the floor conveyor onto the upper surface of the lower spreading disc in the gathered state.
In addition to this, in the organic fertilizer spreader configured as described above, the spreader disk that pivotally supports the rear end side of the packing box is a two-sided parallel type that is parallel to the left and right, Two sheets facing left and right are arranged, and each of the width adjusting plates is arranged so as to be inclined toward the center from the inner surface of the left and right machine walls of the packing box, so that the fertilizer is concentrated on the floor conveyor. It is performed from the left and right toward the center so that the concentrated fertilizer falls from the left and right central part at the end of the floor conveyor to the adjacent opposing part on the upper surface of the spreading disc that is parallel to the left and right In this case, a receiving member that receives the fertilizer that is gathered and dropped is arranged below the end of the floor conveyor, and is fixed to the cargo box via the support member and mounted on both the left and right sides of the receiving member. The plan is to distribute the fertilizer received on the edge and distribute it to the left and right. By providing a surface, the fertilizer falling from the left and right central parts of the terminal end of the floor conveyor is collected and dropped onto the adjacent opposing parts of each upper surface of the spreading disks arranged in parallel The organic fertilizer spreader that is configured to do so is proposed.

  The organic fertilizer spraying apparatus of the present invention is applied to the organic fertilizer charged in the packing box and deposited on the floor conveyor of the packing box on the rear end side of the packing box by the transport operation of the floor conveyor. When feeding to the disk, the stacking thickness is regulated by a regulation gate provided at a position before the end of the conveyance surface above the conveyance surface of the floor conveyor to limit the delivery amount. By the width adjusting plate disposed between the end of the conveyor, the deposition thickness is regulated to a thickness corresponding to the vertical height of the gap through the gap between the lower edge of the regulation gate and the floor conveyor. Narrow the width of the fertilizer that is carried out and consolidate it in the width direction, and limit the delivery position from the end edge of the floor conveyor to the position where the narrow fertilizer that has been aggregated with a narrow width is present. Because it is sent only from The supply of fertilizer to the skates is carried out locally on the top surface of the spreading disc at a certain position that is optimal for spreading to a prescribed spreading width, and spreading within the prescribed spreading width range. To get.

  Also, a pair of spreading discs are provided on the left and right sides, and each opposing side is driven to rotate rearward, and a pair of width-adjusting plates are provided on the left and right sides so that the fertilizer is brought to the left and right central portions of the floor conveyor. If this is the case, properly regulated fertilizers will be supplied to the most appropriate position of the pair of spreading discs that rotate oppositely to swing out the fertilizers in a given direction, such as chicken manure Even when fertilizers containing a large amount of fertilizer components are sprayed with a small amount of spraying per area, the spraying accuracy can be improved and evenly sprayed.

It is a top view of the spreader of the conventional mania spreader type organic fertilizer. It is a vertical side view of a spreader same as the above. It is explanatory drawing of an effect | action which shows the supply state of the fertilizer with respect to the spreading disc by a floor conveyor and a conveyance beater of a spreader same as the above. It is explanatory drawing of the spreading effect | action of the fertilizer by a spreading disc of a spreader same as the above. It is a top view of the spreader of the organic fertilizer which enforces the present invention. It is a vertical side view of a spreader same as the above. It is a perspective view in the state which removed most parts of a regulation door of a spreader same as the above, and showed a width-adjusting board and a receiving member. It is explanatory drawing of the effect | action which shows the conveyance operation of a floor conveyor, the regulation effect | action of a regulation gate, and the supply state of the organic fertilizer with respect to a dispersion | spreading disk of a spreader same as the above. It is explanatory drawing of the effect | action which gathers the organic fertilizer of a spreader board, and the effect | action which spreads the organic fertilizer of a spreading disc of a spreader same as the above. It is explanatory drawing which shows the optimal dropping position of the organic fertilizer with respect to a spreading disc of a spreader same as the above. It is a top view of the drive mechanism in the example which performed the drive of the floor conveyor of the spreader same as the above by the ratchet feed crank. It is a top view of the drive mechanism in the example which performed the drive of the floor conveyor of the same spreader by a hydraulic motor.

  The direction of floor conveyor transport is intended to enable organic fertilizers with a high fertilizer component, such as chicken manure, to be sprayed accurately and evenly with a predetermined spread width even when sprayed with a reduced spraying amount per area. Control the amount of unloading by a restriction gate provided with the lower edge floating above the conveying surface of the floor conveyor at a position before the terminal end of the conveyor, and the transfer fertilizer by the width adjusting plate provided between the restriction gate and the terminal end of the floor conveyor. Realized by aggregation in the width direction.

  FIG. 5 is a plan view of an organic fertilizer spreader for carrying out the present invention. 1 is a packing box into which fertilizer to be sprayed is charged, 2 is a floor surface in the packing box 1, and is endlessly rotated in the front-rear direction. The floor conveyor 3, which is provided so as to move, crosses the inside of the cargo box 1 from side to side at a position slightly above the end 2b of the transfer surface 2a of the floor conveyor 2 and above the transfer surface 2a of the floor conveyor 2. The regulating gates 4 and 4 provided in the shape of a weir plate are width-adjusting plates 5 and 5 arranged on the upper surface side of the floor conveyor 2 between the rear surface of the regulating gate 3 and the terminal end 2b of the floor conveyor 2. The spreading disc 6, which is arranged below the end portion of the floor conveyor 2 and rotates around the shaft, is supported between the end portion of the floor conveyor 2 and the spreading disc 5 from the end portion of the floor conveyor 2. Receive the falling organic fertilizer and guide it to a predetermined position on the upper surface of the spreading disc 5 It shows the disposed was receiving member so as to made.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the packing box 1 is formed in a box shape in which the upper surface side and the rear surface side are opened, and the traveling wheels 10 are pivotally supported on the lower surface side at positions close to the rear end. It is. Further, on the front end side, a connecting rod 11 (FIG. 7) connected to a connecting hitch mounted on the vehicle body of the tractor is equipped. By connecting the connecting rod 11 to the tractor and pulling it, a cargo box 1 is made to run by towed.

  The floor conveyor 2 rotates an endless chain 20 provided on both left and right side edges by driving a sprocket 21 provided on a drive shaft that is pivotally supported on the rear end side of the cargo box 1, thereby conveying a transport surface on the upper surface side. 2a is a normal floor conveyor that sequentially moves rearward and sequentially moves the fertilizer supported on the upper surface side backward, and its drive is conducted through an input shaft 12 that is conductively connected to the PTO shaft of the tractor. It is carried out via a drive mechanism 13 that is operated by rotational power, or is driven by a hydraulic motor that is operated by pressure oil that is guided from a hydraulic device equipped on the tractor via a hydraulic hose.

  The restriction gate 3 is formed in a dam shape that crosses the inner space of the packing box 1, and the upper edge side of the restriction gate 3 is connected to and supported by a girder 30 that crosses the upper surface of the packing box 1. Is supported on the outer surface of the rear end side of the packing box 1 by being connected to and supported by a rotating end portion of an arm 32 provided so as to be turned up and down around the fulcrum shaft 31. The arm 32 is rotated by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulically operated cylinder 33 that can be bridged between the control gate 3 and the girder 30 to move up and down, and between the lower edge of the restriction gate 3 and the upper surface of the floor conveyor 2. The interval D is adjusted.

  In this example, the width adjusting plate 4 is provided in the form of a door that pivots back and forth around the hinge 40 provided on the inner surface of the left and right machine walls of the cargo box 1 on the rear surface side of the regulation gate 3. The selection and fixing of the inclination angle in a plan view with respect to the inner surface of the machine wall of the box 1 is made from the angle adjusting plate 41 attached to the outer surface side of the width adjusting plate 4 from the locking holes 42 formed in series. Then, a locking rod at the tip end of the column 43 which is pivotally supported by pivoting the base end on the inner surface of the machine wall of the cargo box 1 is locked in the locking hole 42 selected as desired. 43 is performed between the inner surface of the machine wall of the packing box 1 and the angle adjusting plate 41 attached to the outer surface of the width adjusting plate 4.

  At this time, the locking rod 42 at the tip of the column 43 is selected from the locking holes 42 provided in series along the longitudinal direction of the angle adjusting plate 41. If the scissors are locked, the angle α of the width adjusting plate 4 with respect to the girder rod 30 of the regulating gate 3 becomes an acute angle, and the interval L formed at the tip side of the pair of width adjusting plates 4 on the left and right is narrowed. Narrow the width of organic fertilizer. Further, if the locking hole 42 to be selected is away from the hinge 40 and a hole close to the front end side of the width aligning plate 4 is selected, the angle α of the width aligning plate 4 with respect to the girder rod 30 is increased, and at the front end side. The space L to be formed is expanded. At this time, the leading edge side of the width adjusting plate 4 protrudes rearward from the end edge of the floor conveyor 2, so that the actual floor conveyor 2 Since the guide surface for gathering the organic fertilizer is narrowed only to the portion located above the upper surface of the floor conveyor 2 of the width-shifting plate 4, the distance between the opposing ends of the tip portions of the portion located above the floor conveyor 2 is reduced. It will be brought close to the width, and it will be brought to a width wider than the interval width L of the front end portion of the width adjusting plate 4. The aforementioned protruding portion of the width adjusting plate 4 acts so as to guide the organic fertilizer falling from the end of the floor conveyor 2 with the adjusted width downward at a position where it collides with the protruding portion. become.

  The spreading disk 5 is of a normal form in which a plurality of blades 51 extending radially from the center of rotation are provided on the upper surface side of the disk 50 that rotates on the shaft, and below the end of the floor conveyor 2. In addition, the drive mechanism that conducts to the input shaft 12 described above is supported in parallel with a pair of left and right so as to be opposed to each other, and is pivotally supported by a support member in the shape of a girdle provided at the rear end portion of the cargo box 1. It is driven by the rotational power guided from 13 and rotates. The spreading discs 5 and 5 arranged in parallel with each other are driven so that the respective opposing and adjacent sides rotate backward as indicated by thick arrows in FIG.

  When the spreading disc 5 receives the organic fertilizer falling on the upper surface and swings it out by the rotational force, the flying distance and the direction of swinging out the fertilizer fall on the upper surface of the spreading disc. Determined by the fertilizer fall position. Regarding the pair of spreading discs 5 and 5 arranged in parallel and supported as described above, in FIG. 10, the fertilizer that has fallen to the rear end portion i on the upper surface of the left spreading disc 5 is the side of the spreading disc 5. The fertilizer that has been swung out and dropped to the front and rear intermediate parts b on the outer end side of the upper surface of the spreading disc 5 is swung out forward on the side of the spreading disc 5, and these are spread in the previous spreading operation Then it will be sprayed over again. The fertilizer that has fallen on the upper surface of the right spreading disc 5 to the portion symmetrical to the portion i and b of the spreading disc 5 is spread to the place to be spread in the next spreading operation.

  The fertilizer that has fallen on the part C on the front end side of the spreading disc 5 and the fertilizer that has fallen on the front and rear parts D on the inner end side are spread to the place where the fertilizer behind the spreading disk 5 and 5 is to be spread. .

  More specifically, when the organic fertilizer is to be sprayed to the rear end of the machine body by using a pair of spreading disks 5 and 5 arranged side by side on the rear side of the machine body, with the width of the machine body as the spreading width, the end of the floor conveyor 2 Among the fertilizers that fall on the upper surface of the spreading disc, the fertilizer that falls into the zone W filled with crossed diagonal lines in FIG. 8 is spread within the range of the predetermined spreading width. The fertilizer falling to the detached part will be sprayed to the place where it deviates laterally from the range of the predetermined spread width.

  Aggregation performed by bringing the fertilizer conveyed on the floor conveyor 2 by the width adjusting plate 4 in the width direction, spreads the fertilizer to be dropped from the end of the floor conveyor 2 toward the spreading disk 5 on the upper surface of the spreading disk 5. The fertilizer is dropped in a zone W that is the optimum range of dropping positions so that the fertilizer is spread over a predetermined spreading width.

  The receiving member 6 provided between the lower end surface of the floor conveyor 2 and the upper surface of the spreading disc 5 receives the fertilizer that falls off the end of the floor conveyor 2 and guides it toward the upper surface of the spreading disc 5 to drop it. As shown in FIG. 6, it comprises a guide plate 60 that descends obliquely from the lower end to the rear end of the floor conveyor 2, and a substantially horizontal receiving plate 61. The receiving plate 61 is a packing box. The guide plate 60 is connected to the receiving plate 61 and supported by the support frame 14 connected to the one body frame.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the receiving member 6 is arranged in a plan view from above the facing distance between the spreading disk 5 and the spreading disk 5 facing each other in parallel and above the inner edge portions of the two spreading disks 5. The fertilizer that is placed at a position straddling and catches the fertilizer that falls to this position, overflows the fertilizer to the surroundings and drops it, but on the rear end side of the support plate 61, a return plate that pushes the received fertilizer forward 61a is provided, and left and right side edges are provided with guide surfaces 61b that incline downward toward the left and right sides, whereby the received fertilizer is distributed to the left and right, and the upper surfaces of the left and right spreading discs 5 The above-mentioned spraying disc 5 spreads the sample in a zone W that is optimal for spraying with the above-mentioned predetermined spraying width, and drops in a substantially uniform density to each part in the zone W. When spraying on the width So that the dispersion density becomes substantially uniform.

D Interval L Interval W Zone a Traveling Wheel b Packing Box c Drive Shaft d Floor Conveyor e Transport Beater f Scattering Disc g Guide Wall 1 Cargo Box 10 Traveling Wheel 11 Connecting Rod 12 Input Shaft 13 Drive Mechanism 14 Support Frame 2 Floor Conveyor 2a Transport Surface 2b Terminal 20 Chain 21 Sprocket 3 Regulating gate 30 Girder rod 31 Support shaft 32 Arm 33 Cylinder 4 Alignment plate 40 Hinge 41 Angle adjustment plate 42 Locking hole 43 Post 5 Spreading disc 50 Disc 51 Blade plate 6 Receiving member 60 Guide plate 61 Receiving plate 61a Return plate portion 61b Guide surface

Claims (2)

  A floor conveyor (2) that conveys the fertilizer accumulated in the packing box (1) to the back is installed on the floor surface of the packing box (1) that travels by self-propelled or towed. 2) At the part above the rear end side and closer to the front end side than the terminal end, a dam plate-like restriction gate (3) crossing the inside of the packing box (1) is connected to the lower edge and floor of the restriction gate (3). The lower conveyor is installed in a state where it floats from the upper surface of the floor conveyor (2) so as to form an interval in which the fertilizer flows between the upper surface of the conveyor (2) and the floor conveyor behind the regulation gate (3). On the upper surface side of (2), there is provided a width adjusting plate (4) for gathering the fertilizer carried backward through the interval from the left and right toward the center, and consolidating the width of the fertilizer flow narrowly, (1) At the rear end of the floor conveyor (2), the spreading disc (5) is installed at the lower position behind the end of the floor conveyor (2). Spreaders of organic fertilizer which is characterized.   A floor conveyor (2) that conveys the fertilizer accumulated in the packing box (1) to the back is installed on the floor surface of the packing box (1) that travels by self-propelled or towed. 2) At the part above the rear end side and closer to the front end side than the terminal end, a dam plate-like restriction gate (3) crossing the inside of the packing box (1) is connected to the lower edge and floor of the restriction gate (3). The lower conveyor is installed in a state where it floats from the upper surface of the floor conveyor (2) so as to form an interval in which the fertilizer flows between the upper surface of the conveyor (2) and the floor conveyor behind the regulation gate (3). On the upper surface side of (2), there is provided a width adjusting plate (4) for gathering the fertilizer carried backward through the interval from the left and right toward the center, and consolidating the width of the fertilizer flow narrowly, (1) At the rear end side of the floor conveyor (2), the spreading disc (5) is mounted at the lower position behind the end portion. In the cloth machine, spreading discs (5) provided on the rear end side of the packing box (1) are mounted in parallel on the left and right sides, and a width-adjusting plate provided on the upper surface on the terminal end side of the floor conveyor (2) ( 4) Inclined and projecting so that each of the two width adjusting plates (4) approaches the left and right centers of the floor conveyor (2) as it goes rearward from the inner surfaces of the left and right machine walls of the packing box (1). In the lower part of the left and right central part of the end part of the floor conveyor (2), the fertilizer falling from the end part of the floor conveyor (2) is received and the spreading discs (5) arranged in parallel to the left and right are An organic fertilizer spreader provided with a receiving member (6) that is guided and dropped onto a portion of the upper surface adjacent to the opposite side.

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