JP5308686B2 - Swash plate compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

A swash plate compressor having a drive shaft projecting from the open end of the front housing is characterized in that a lubricant introduction hole for introducing lubricant from the crank chamber to a shaft seal setting portion around the drive shaft in the front housing is formed by drilling from the outer circumferential surface of the front housing to communicate with the interior of the crank chamber, through the first and second thickened portions of the front housing and the internal space of the front housing. A desired lubricant introduction hole can be formed without restricting the angle or position of the drilling work, and a high degree of freedom in design is ensured even in a case of using a mechanical seal requiring a level difference part as a shaft seal.

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure for forming a lubricating oil introduction path to a shaft seal portion and a bearing portion in a swash plate compressor.

  In a swash plate compressor in which a piston is reciprocated by rotation of a swash plate cam that is rotationally driven by a drive shaft, a thrust is applied to support a compression reaction force applied to the piston on the inner surface side of a front housing that forms a part of a crank chamber. A bearing is installed. In addition, a shaft seal portion is provided around the drive shaft on the open end side of the front housing through which the drive shaft is inserted to seal the compressor to the outside, and the drive shaft is rotatably supported on the inner side. The bearing part for this is provided (for example, patent document 1). In the structure of such a swash plate compressor, it is desirable that lubricating oil existing in the crank chamber is introduced and supplied to the shaft seal portion and the bearing portion (for example, Patent Document 2). For example, from the viewpoint of productivity, the conventional lubricating oil path used in a compressor whose refrigerant is HFC134a is lubricated from the crank chamber to the shaft seal portion through a groove formed by casting on the inner surface side of the front housing. It is formed so that oil can move.

  However, in particular, when using a refrigerant that is used at high pressure, such as carbon dioxide refrigerant, a method with good moldability such as die casting may not be used due to pressure resistance, and a groove having a complicated shape is formed on the inner surface side of the front housing. Etc. are often difficult to form. Further, for example, if there is a groove on the thrust bearing support surface, the load applied to the rolling element (roller) at that location may be concentrated on the portions on both sides of the groove, and the peeling life of the bearing may be reduced.

  Further, a structure in which a lubricating oil path from the crank chamber is formed by drilling a front housing is known (for example, Patent Document 2 above). In particular, if a method with good moldability such as die casting as mentioned above cannot be used, it is considered effective to form a lubricating oil introduction hole by machining, especially drilling the front housing. Lubricating oil in the crank chamber can be guided to the shaft seal portion and the bearing portion through the hole.

However, when drilling a hole in the front housing, for example, from the opening end side of the front housing boss that supports the pulley for transmitting torque from the external drive source (engine) to the compressor by the belt, However, the drill insertion angle is limited, and the drilling target area is also limited. The degree of freedom in design is low. In particular, shaft seals such as mechanical seals are used for open-type compressors that use refrigerants with high operating pressure, such as carbon dioxide, and fixing such shaft seals with snap rings or the like is a concern over pressure resistance. Therefore, for example, a configuration is often employed in which a stepped portion is formed in the front housing boss portion and a shaft seal is abutted against the stepped portion. However, if such a shaft seal abutting part is formed inside the front housing, the abutting part makes the inner diameter of the front housing boss part smaller, and the opening area on the opening end side where the drill can be inserted becomes smaller. The insertion angle is further limited, and the conventional processing as described above cannot be performed, or even if it can, the degree of freedom in design is further reduced.
WO2004-061307 JP 2004-176543 A

  Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to pay attention to the problems in the prior art as described above, without being affected by the formability of the front housing member, and abutting a stepped portion or the like in the front housing boss portion such as a mechanical seal. An object of the present invention is to provide a structure of a swash plate compressor that can easily form a lubricating oil path from a desired crank chamber with a high degree of design freedom even when a shaft seal that requires a portion is used.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a swash plate compressor according to the present invention reciprocates a piston through rotation of a swash plate cam in a crank chamber that is rotationally driven by a drive shaft protruding from an open end of a front housing. In the swash plate type compressor, at least a lubricating oil introduction hole for guiding lubricating oil from the crank chamber to the shaft seal installation portion around the drive shaft in the front housing extends from the outer peripheral surface of the front housing to the first meat portion of the front housing, the front It is formed by drilling so as to communicate with the crank chamber through the internal space of the housing and the second meat part of the front housing, and the drilling for forming the lubricating oil introduction hole is started and the first The outer peripheral surface portion of the front housing that forms one flesh portion drives an external driving force via an electromagnetic clutch. A drill hole formed in the first meat part is configured to discharge the lubricating oil leaked from the shaft seal installation part to the outside. consisting of those wherein the are. Here, the lubricating oil introduction hole guides the lubricating oil from the crank chamber to at least the shaft seal installation portion, and a bearing portion for rotatably supporting the drive shaft is provided inside the shaft seal installation portion. If it is, the lubricating oil from the crank chamber may be guided to the bearing portion.

  In such a swash plate compressor according to the present invention, the lubricating oil introduction hole extends from the outer peripheral surface of the front housing to the first meat part of the front housing, the internal space part of the front housing, and the second meat part of the front housing. It is formed by drilling so as to lead to the crank chamber through, and especially drilling from the outer peripheral surface of the front housing, so there is no need to consider the angle of insertion of the drill into the opening end of the front housing. The degree of freedom and design freedom are greatly improved. Also, regardless of the method of molding the front housing, the desired lubricating oil introduction hole can be drilled from the outside of the front housing, so that the lubricating oil introduction hole can be machined regardless of the moldability of the front housing member. Can do. Further, since the groove of the thrust bearing support surface as in the conventional device can be eliminated, the peeling life of the bearing can be extended.

  It is preferable that the shaft seal installation portion in the front housing is provided with a step portion against which the shaft seal is abutted. In other words, in the case of an open type compressor using a refrigerant having a high working pressure such as carbon dioxide, a shaft seal such as a mechanical seal is used, but fixing the shaft seal with a snap ring or the like remains uneasy in terms of pressure resistance. However, such anxiety can be eliminated by providing a step portion against which the seal is abutted. Even in such a configuration, if the drill passes through the opening for inserting the drive shaft formed in the stepped portion at the time of processing the lubricating oil introduction hole, the abutting function in the stepped portion is affected. The lubricating oil inlet hole can be easily processed.

  It is preferable that the lubricating oil introduction hole is formed in a portion where a contact surface between the front housing and the shaft seal and a thrust bearing holding portion provided in the crank chamber are avoided. That is, the lubricating oil introduction hole is formed without affecting these parts.

Drilling for forming the lubricating oil introduction hole is started, and the outer peripheral surface portion of the front housing forming the first meat portion is for transmitting the driving force from the outside to the driving shaft via the electromagnetic clutch. Ru installation portion der of the pulley. That is, the first meat part of the front housing is merely fitted with the inner ring of the bearing that supports the pulley, for example, and no abnormal stress is generated. Further, according to such a configuration, the lubricating oil leaked from the shaft seal portion can be discharged to the outside from the opening formed in the first meat portion of the front housing, so that the torque transmission surface of the electromagnetic clutch (Friction surface) is not soiled. Therefore, slipping of the clutch is prevented, and the reliability of the device can be further improved.

  The swash plate compressor according to the present invention is a swash plate compressor using a refrigerant having a high working pressure, such as carbon dioxide, and is suitable for a swash plate compressor in which a shaft seal is a mechanical seal.

  According to the swash plate compressor of the present invention, the lubricating oil introduction hole is cranked from the outer peripheral surface of the front housing through the first meat portion of the front housing, the internal space portion of the front housing, and the second meat portion of the front housing. Since it is formed by drilling so as to communicate with the room, the angle and position of drilling are not substantially limited, and the lubricating oil introduction hole can be formed with a high degree of freedom at the target angle and position. become. In addition, high degree of freedom in design without being influenced by the formability of the front housing member, and even when a shaft seal that requires an abutting part such as a step part is used in the front housing boss part such as a mechanical seal. Therefore, the lubricating oil path from the desired crank chamber can be easily formed.

Preferred embodiments of a swash plate compressor according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a swash plate compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a swash plate compressor, particularly a swash plate compressor whose working fluid is a carbon dioxide refrigerant. The swash plate compressor 1 includes a front housing 2, a cylinder block 3, and a cylinder head 4. A crank chamber 5 is formed between the front housing 2 and the cylinder block 3. A swash plate cam 6 is provided in the crank chamber 5, and a drive shaft 7 is inserted through the swash plate cam 6. The drive shaft 7 extends in the crank chamber 5, and one end of the drive shaft 7 protrudes from the open end of the boss portion 8 of the front housing 2.

  A piston 10 is connected to the side surface of the swash plate cam 6 via a pair of shoes 9. The piston 10 is provided in a cylinder bore 11 provided in the cylinder block 3 so as to freely reciprocate. A thrust bearing 12 for supporting the compression reaction force of the piston 10 is mounted on the inner surface of the front housing 2. A rotor 13 that rotates integrally with the drive shaft 7 is in contact with the thrust bearing 12. The rotor 13 is connected to the swash plate cam 6 via a hinge mechanism 14 that can change the inclination angle of the swash plate cam 6. Has been.

  Around the drive shaft in the boss portion 8 of the front housing 2 through which the drive shaft 7 is inserted, a shaft seal 15 is provided for a compressor internal seal against the outside. In this embodiment, the shaft seal 15 is The seal member 15a is fixed to the front housing 2 side and the seal member 15b is fixed to the drive shaft 7 side. The seal member 15a is a mechanical seal that is slid relative to the side surfaces of the seal members 15a and 15b. A step portion 17 on which the shaft seal 15 is abutted is formed on the shaft seal installation portion 16 in the boss portion 8. Further, a bearing portion 30 that rotatably supports the drive shaft 7 is provided inside the shaft seal installation portion 16.

  The shaft seal installation portion 16 is provided with a lubricant oil introduction hole 18 for supplying the lubricant from the crank chamber 5 side to the shaft seal installation portion 16 (and the bearing portion 30). By supplying the lubricating oil from the lubricating oil introduction hole 18, the shaft seal 15 and the bearing portion 30 of the shaft seal installation portion 16 are lubricated. The lubricating oil introduction hole 18 is drilled by a drill 23 so as to communicate from the outer peripheral surface 19 of the boss portion 8 of the front housing 2 into the crank chamber 5 through the first meat portion 20, the internal space 21, and the second meat portion 22. The drill 23 passes through the opening 24 for inserting the drive shaft formed in the stepped portion 17 when the lubricating oil introduction hole is processed. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the lubricating oil introduction hole 18 is formed in a portion that avoids the contact surface between the front housing 2 and the shaft seal 15 and the holding portion of the thrust bearer 12 formed in the crank chamber 5. . In the present embodiment, the outer peripheral surface 19 of the boss portion 8 of the front housing 2 that forms the first meat portion 20 where drilling is started for forming the lubricating oil introduction hole is configured so that an external driving force is applied to the electromagnetic clutch. It is an installation part of a pulley (not shown) for transmitting to the drive shaft 7 via (not shown).

  A valve plate 25 is interposed between the cylinder block 3 and the cylinder head 4. The valve plate 25 is provided with a suction hole 27 that communicates the cylinder bore 11 and the suction chamber 26, and a discharge hole 29 that communicates the cylinder bore 11 and the discharge chamber 28. In the swash plate compressor in FIG. 1, the carbon dioxide refrigerant sucked from the suction chamber 26 is compressed in the cylinder bore 11 by the reciprocation of the piston 10, and the compressed carbon dioxide refrigerant is discharged into the discharge chamber 28. It is like that.

  In this embodiment, the lubricating oil introduction hole 18 extends from the outer peripheral surface of the front housing 2 through the first meat portion 20 of the front housing 2, the internal space portion 21 of the front housing, and the second meat portion 22 of the front housing. Since it is formed by drilling so as to communicate with the crank chamber, there is substantially no restriction on the angle of the drill for drilling diagonally. Moreover, no matter how the front housing member is molded, the lubricating oil introduction hole 18 can be easily formed without being influenced by the moldability. Further, since the groove of the thrust bearing support surface for supplying lubricating oil as in the conventional apparatus can be eliminated, the peeling life of the bearing can be extended.

  Further, the shaft seal installation portion 16 in the front housing is provided with a stepped portion 17 against which the shaft seal 15 is abutted, but for inserting a drive shaft formed in the stepped portion 17 when the lubricating oil introduction hole is processed. Since the drill 23 passes through the opening (opening of the stepped portion 17), the lubricating oil introduction hole 18 can be easily formed without affecting the butting performance of the shaft seal 15 by avoiding the stepped portion 17.

  Further, in this embodiment, drilling for forming the lubricating oil introduction hole is started, and the outer peripheral surface 19 of the front housing 2 forming the first meat portion 20 is driven by an electromagnetic clutch. The first meat portion 20 is merely fitted with an inner ring of a bearing that supports the pulley, for example, and no abnormal stress is generated. Further, according to such a configuration, the lubricating oil leaking from the shaft seal installation portion 16 is discharged to the outside from the opening formed in the first meat portion 20 of the front housing 2, so that the torque of the electromagnetic clutch The transmission surface (friction surface) is not soiled. Therefore, slipping of the clutch is prevented, and the reliability of the device can be further improved.

  The swash plate compressor according to the present invention is suitable as a swash plate compressor using a carbon dioxide refrigerant at a high pressure, and particularly suitable as a swash plate compressor in which a shaft seal is a mechanical seal.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the swash plate type compressor which concerns on one embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Swash plate compressor 2 Front housing 3 Cylinder block 4 Cylinder head 5 Crank chamber 6 Swash plate cam 7 Drive shaft 8 Front housing boss part 9 Shoe 10 Piston 11 Cylinder bore 12 Thrust bearing 13 Rotor 14 Hinge mechanism 15 Shaft seals 15a, 15b Shaft seal member 16 Shaft seal installation portion 17 Stepped portion 18 Lubricating oil introduction hole 19 Outer peripheral surface 20 First meat portion 21 Internal space 22 Second meat portion 23 Drill 24 Opening portion 25 Valve plate 26 Suction chamber 27 Suction hole 27 Discharge Chamber 29 Discharge hole 30 Bearing part

Claims (6)

In a swash plate type compressor that reciprocates a piston through rotation of a swash plate cam in a crank chamber that is driven to rotate by a drive shaft protruding from the open end of the front housing, at least a shaft seal around the drive shaft in the front housing is installed. Lubricating oil introduction holes for guiding lubricating oil from the crank chamber to the inside of the crankcase are provided in the crank chamber from the outer peripheral surface of the front housing through the first meat portion of the front housing, the internal space portion of the front housing, and the second meat portion of the front housing. The outer peripheral surface portion of the front housing that forms the first flesh portion when the drill hole processing for forming the lubricating oil introduction hole is started and formed from the outside is formed by drilling so as to communicate The pulley is configured to transmit a driving force to the driving shaft via an electromagnetic clutch. The meat portion formed in drill holes, the swash plate type compressor, characterized in that it is configured to discharge the lubricating oil leaking from the shaft seal installation part to the outside.   The swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein the shaft seal installation portion in the front housing has a stepped portion against which the shaft seal is abutted.   The swash plate compressor according to claim 2, wherein a drill is passed through an opening for inserting a drive shaft formed in the stepped portion when the lubricating oil introduction hole is processed.   The swash plate type according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lubricating oil introduction hole is formed in a portion avoiding a contact surface between the front housing and the shaft seal and a thrust bearing holding portion formed in the crank chamber. Compressor. The swash plate compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the shaft seal is a mechanical seal. The swash plate compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the working fluid is a carbon dioxide refrigerant.

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