JP5300403B2 - Nanocarbon generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively produce a highly useful fibrous nanocarbon such as carbon nanotubes by varying the properties step-by-step according to the nanocarbon production temperature regions. <P>SOLUTION: The nanocarbon production system is one that, in the nanocarbon production from an organic starting material, is provided with a low-temperature-level first nanocarbon production apparatus 11 and a high-temperature-level second nanocarbon production apparatus 31 the inside temperature of which is not lower than that of the first nanocarbon production apparatus 11, wherein both the nanocarbon produced at the low-temperature level and the nanocarbon produced at the high-temperature level are collected by performing the nanocarbon production in two stages including low-temperature-level nanocarbon production and high-temperature-level nanocarbon production and feeding the unreacted hydrocarbon discharged from the first nanocarbon production apparatus 11 into the second nanocarbon production apparatus 31. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a nanocarbon generation system for efficiently producing highly useful fibrous nanocarbons such as carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, and carbon nanocoils, and woody biomass that is not derived from fossil resources. The present invention relates to a nanocarbon production system that produces from biomass resources such as fiber biomass and sewage sludge.

Examples of the method for producing high-performance carbon such as carbon nanotubes include an arc discharge method, a laser vapor deposition method, and a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method).
The arc discharge method is a method in which graphite is evaporated by causing an arc discharge between positive and negative graphite electrodes, and carbon nanotubes are generated in a carbon deposit condensed at the tip of the cathode (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ). The laser vapor deposition method is a method of generating a carbon nanotube by putting a graphite sample mixed with a metal catalyst in an inert gas heated to a high temperature and irradiating it with a laser (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
Generally, carbon nanotubes with good crystallinity can be produced by the arc discharge method or laser evaporation method, but the amount of carbon nanotubes to be produced is small and it is difficult to produce them in large quantities.

  The CVD method includes a vapor phase growth substrate method in which carbon nanotubes are generated on a substrate placed in a reaction furnace (see, for example, Patent Document 3), and a carbon nanotube by flowing a catalyst metal and a carbon source together in a high-temperature furnace. There are two methods such as a fluidized gas phase method (see, for example, Patent Document 4).

  The vapor phase growth method will be described with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 1 in the figure indicates a reaction tube in which a catalyst-carrying substrate 3 carrying a catalyst 2 is disposed. An electric heater 4 is disposed on the outer periphery of the reaction tube 1. When a raw material (hydrocarbon) 5 is allowed to flow from one side of the reaction tube 1 and exhausted from the other side in the reaction tube 1 having such a configuration, a hydrocarbon gas 6 is generated inside the reaction tube 1 and carbon nanotubes are generated. 7 is formed.

  Next, the fluidized gas phase method will be described with reference to FIG. However, the same members as those in FIG. In FIG. 12, the carrier gas 8 is caused to flow together with the hydrocarbon 5 as a raw material from one side of the reaction tube 1. Thereby, the hydrocarbon gas 6 is generated in the reaction tube 1 corresponding to the portion where the electric heater 4 is disposed, and the carbon nanotube 7 is formed.

  On the other hand, since the vapor phase growth substrate method is a badge process, it is difficult for mass production. In addition, the fluidized gas phase method is said to be difficult to produce carbon nanotubes with low temperature uniformity and good crystallinity. Furthermore, as a development type of the fluidized gas phase method, a method has been proposed in which a fluidized bed is formed with a fluid material also serving as a catalyst in a high-temperature furnace and a carbon raw material is supplied to generate fibrous nanocarbon. It is considered difficult to produce carbon nanotubes with low uniformity of temperature in the furnace and good crystallinity.

  If carbon nanotubes with high purity and stability can be mass-produced efficiently at low cost, it becomes possible to supply a large amount of nanotechnology products utilizing the characteristics of carbon nanotubes at low cost.

  However, arc discharge and laser deposition methods use arc discharge, electricity for laser deposition, hydrocarbons derived from fossil resources such as LPG gas as raw material, and fuel or raw materials such as electricity or gas for heating in chemical vapor deposition method. This requires a hydrocarbon derived from fossil resources such as LPG gas, and any nanocarbon producing apparatus uses a large amount of energy derived from fossil resources to produce nanocarbon. Now that there is an urgent need to prevent global warming, it is a big problem that a large amount of carbon dioxide is emitted in order to produce nanocarbons such as carbon nanotubes, which are highly functional carbons.

In addition, a large amount of hydrocarbon raw material is used to produce nanocarbon, and unreacted hydrocarbon components remain in the gas after completion of the nanocarbon production process, which is discharged as it is. This is also the cause of greenhouse gas emissions.
JP 2007-095509 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-273308 JP 2000-086217 A JP 2003-342840 A

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and changes the properties of highly useful fibrous nanocarbons such as carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, and carbon nanocoils in a stepwise manner in accordance with the nanocarbon generation temperature range. It aims at providing the nanocarbon production | generation system manufactured efficiently by this. In addition, the present invention does not use fossil resource-derived energy to produce highly functional nanocarbons such as carbon nanotubes, and in particular from biomass resources such as woody biomass, fiber biomass, and sewage sludge that are not derived from fossil resources. It aims at providing the nanocarbon production system to manufacture.

  A nanocarbon generation system according to the present invention (first invention) includes a first nanocarbon generation device at a low temperature level and an internal temperature in the first nanocarbon generation device. A high-temperature level second nanocarbon generating device set to an internal set temperature or higher, and the nanocarbon generation is performed in two stages: nanocarbon generation at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level. By putting unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the nanocarbon generator into the second nanocarbon generator, both the nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level and the nanocarbon generated at a high temperature level are recovered. .

  The nanocarbon generation system according to the present invention (second invention) includes a first nanocarbon generation device at a low temperature level and an internal temperature of the first nanocarbon generation in nanocarbon generation using an organic material as a raw material. A second nanocarbon generating device having a high temperature level set to be equal to or higher than the internal set temperature in the device, and a pyrolyzing device for thermally decomposing the organic material, and the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolyzing the pyrolyzing device is By collecting the unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator together with the second nanocarbon generator, both the nanocarbon generated at the low temperature level and the nanocarbon generated at the high temperature level are recovered. And

  Furthermore, the nanocarbon generation system according to the present invention (third invention) includes a first nanocarbon generation device at a low temperature level and an internal temperature of the first nanocarbon generation in the generation of nanocarbon using an organic material as a raw material. A second nanocarbon generator having a high temperature level set to be equal to or higher than the internal set temperature in the apparatus, and a pyrolyzer for thermally decomposing the organic raw material, and the pyrolysis residue generated by pyrolyzing the pyrolyzer By collecting the unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator together with the second nanocarbon generator, both the nanocarbon generated at the low temperature level and the nanocarbon generated at the high temperature level are recovered. And

  According to the present invention, nano-sized carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, carbon nanocoils, etc. that can be manufactured efficiently by changing the properties of fibrous nanocarbons that are highly useful in accordance with the nanocarbon generation temperature range in stages. A carbon production system is obtained. In addition, according to the present invention, energy derived from fossil resources is not used to generate highly functional nanocarbons such as carbon nanotubes, and in particular biomass such as woody biomass, fiber biomass, sewage sludge, etc. not derived from fossil resources A nanocarbon production system manufactured from resources is obtained.

Hereinafter, the nanocarbon generation system of the present invention will be described in more detail.
1) As described above, the first invention includes the first nanocarbon generation device and the second nanocarbon generation device, and the nanocarbon generation is performed at a low temperature level, and at a high temperature level. By performing unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generating device in the second nanocarbon generating device in two stages of carbon generation, nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generated at a high temperature level. It is characterized by recovering both carbon.

  2) As described above, the second invention comprises the first nanocarbon generating device, the second nanocarbon generating device, and the thermal decomposition device for thermally decomposing organic materials such as biomass. Pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is put into the second nanocarbon generator together with unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator, so that nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level is generated at a high temperature level. It is characterized by recovering both nanocarbons.

  3) As described above, the third invention comprises the first nanocarbon generating device, the second nanocarbon generating device, and the thermal decomposition device for thermally decomposing organic raw materials such as biomass. Nanocarbon produced at a low temperature level by putting pyrolysis residue (carbide) generated by pyrolysis into the second nanocarbon generator together with unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator, high temperature It is characterized by recovering both nanocarbons produced at the level.

4) In the above 1) to 3), the nanocarbon generating device internal set temperature in the first nanocarbon generating device is 500 to 800 ° C., and the nanocarbon generating device internal set temperature in the second nanocarbon generating device is 800 It is preferable to set it to -1200 degreeC.
5) In the above 1) to 4), it is preferable to add hydrogen to each of the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator.
6) In the above 1) to 5), it is preferable to add water vapor to the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator, respectively.

7) In the above 1) to 6), it is preferable to add a catalyst to the raw material charged into each of the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator.
8) In the above 7), it is preferable to change the type of the catalyst added to the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator.
9) In the above 8), it is preferable to add an Fe-based catalyst as a catalyst to be added to the first nanocarbon generating device and an Ni-based catalyst as a catalyst to be added to the second nanocarbon generating device.

10) In the above 1) to 9), oil can be added to the second nanocarbon generator.
11) In the above 1) to 9), biomass oil can be added to the second nanocarbon generator.
12) In the above 11), examples of the biomass oil include oil obtained by pyrolyzing wood, grass, garbage, sewage sludge and the like.
13) In the above 11), the biomass oil includes oil obtained by methane fermentation of wood, grass, garbage, sewage sludge and the like.

14) In the above 2) to 13), the biomass to be input to the pyrolysis apparatus for pyrolyzing the organic material such as biomass is wood, grass, garbage, sewage sludge, and carbide obtained by pyrolyzing these ( Residue), and carbide (residue) obtained by subjecting these to methane fermentation.
15) In 1) to 13) above, a configuration capable of distinguishing the usage of the generated nanocarbon from the recovered nanocarbon obtained by the first nanocarbon generator and the recovered nanocarbon obtained by the second nanocarbon generator. It is preferable to make it.
16) In the above 1) to 15), the heating source of the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator is an electric heater, and the respective set temperatures are controlled by the properties of the input raw materials (liquid, gas). It is preferable that it is possible.

17) In the above 1) to 16), the generator is operated using unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from the second nanocarbon generator as fuel, and the generated electricity is supplied to the second nanocarbon generator, first It is preferable that the power source of the electric heater of the nanocarbon generating apparatus can be used.
18) In the above 1) to 17), when only one of the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator is operated, the unreacted surplus discharged from any of the nanocarbon generators It is preferable that a generator is operated using hydrocarbons as fuel, and the generated electricity can be used as a power source for an electric heater of any nanocarbon generator.

19) In the above 1) to 18), the heating source of the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator is hot air, and the respective set temperatures are controlled by the properties of the input raw materials (liquid, gas). Can do.
20) In 1) to 19) above, the furnace burner is operated using unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from the second nanocarbon generator as fuel, and the generated hot air is used as the second nanocarbon generator, It can be used as a heating source of one nanocarbon generating apparatus.
21) In the above 1) to 20), when only the first nanocarbon generator is operated, the furnace burner is operated using unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator as fuel. The generated hot air can be used as a heating power source for the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present embodiment is not limited to the following description.
(First embodiment)
1 and FIGS. 2A and 2B are descriptions corresponding to the embodiment of claim 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a nanocarbon generation system that recovers both nanocarbons generated at a low temperature level and nanocarbons generated at a high temperature level in the generation of nanocarbons using organic materials as raw materials. FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of a first nanocarbon generating device that is one configuration of the system of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of a second nanocarbon generating device that is one configuration of the system of FIG. The figure is shown.

  Reference numeral 11 in the figure indicates a first nanocarbon generating device at a low temperature level. A raw material charging hopper 12 is disposed on the upstream side of the first nanocarbon generator 11. The raw material charging hopper 12 is introduced with an organic raw material (for example, liquid ethanol) and catalyst powder for generating low-temperature level nanocarbon. The raw material charging hopper 12 and the first nanocarbon generating device 11 continuously or intermittently feed the metal catalyst powder mixed raw material (organic material raw material and catalyst powder having hydrocarbon components) into the heating furnace container 15 of the device 11. It is connected by a raw material supply pipe 13 for pouring. On the downstream side of the first nanocarbon generating device 11, a first recovery container 14 for recovering low-level generated nanocarbon is disposed.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the nanocarbon generator 11 includes a vertical heating furnace vessel 15 in a reducing atmosphere, a conical metal substrate 16 disposed in the heating furnace vessel 15, and the cone. A substrate heater (heating source) 17 disposed outside the metal substrate 16 in contact with the substrate 16, a raw material supply header 18 having a mixed raw material spray nozzle (not shown), and the generated nanocarbon 19 A nanocarbon discharge nozzle 20 for supplying the first recovery container 14 is provided. The conical metal substrate 16 is concentric with the heating furnace vessel 15 and has an inclination angle (θ) of 30 ° to 60 °. The conical metal substrate 16 can have the function of a catalyst for producing low-temperature level nanocarbon. For example, when the negative substrate 16 is an iron substrate, the substrate itself can have a catalytic function. The raw material spray nozzle has a function of spraying the metal catalyst powder mixed raw material (organic raw material and catalyst powder) continuously or intermittently into the heating furnace vessel 15. In addition, the code | symbol X in FIG. 2 shows the raw material sprayed. Further, instead of the conical metal substrate 16, a cylindrical metal substrate concentric with the heating furnace vessel 15 may be used in close contact with the heating furnace vessel 15. The conical metal substrate 16 is uniformly heated by the substrate heater 16. The conical metal substrate 16 may be uniformly heated by using a heating source such as a heating jacket instead of the substrate heater 16.

  Reference numeral 31 in the figure indicates a second nanocarbon generating device at a high temperature level in which the internal temperature is set to be equal to or higher than the internal set temperature in the first nanocarbon generating device 11. On the upstream side of the second nanocarbon generating device 31, a charging hopper 32 for charging high-temperature level nanocarbon generating catalyst powder is disposed. The charging hopper 32 is introduced with a catalyst for generating high-temperature nanocarbon. The charging hopper 32 and the second nanocarbon generating device 31 are connected by a catalyst powder supply pipe 33. On the downstream side of the second nanocarbon generating device 31, a second recovery container 34 for recovering the high-level generated nanocarbon is disposed.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the nanocarbon generating device 31 includes a vertical heating furnace vessel 35 having a reducing atmosphere, a conical metal substrate 36 disposed in the heating furnace vessel 35, and the cone. A substrate heater (heating source) 37 disposed outside the metal substrate 36 in contact with the substrate 36, a catalyst powder supply header 38 provided with a catalyst powder spray nozzle (not shown), and the generated nanocarbon 39 Is provided with a nanocarbon discharge nozzle 40 for supplying the first recovery container 34 to the first recovery container 34. The conical metal substrate 36 is concentric with the heating furnace vessel 35 and has an inclination angle (θ) of 30 ° to 60 °, similar to the conical metal substrate 16. The conical metal substrate 36 can have the function of a catalyst for producing high-temperature level nanocarbon. For example, the substrate 36 can be made of a nickel plate to have a catalytic function. The conical metal substrate 36 may be uniformly heated using a heating source such as a heating jacket instead of the substrate heater 36.

  The raw material powder spray nozzle has a function of spraying the production catalyst continuously or intermittently in the heating furnace vessel 35. In addition, the code | symbol Y in FIG. 2 (B) shows the production | generation catalyst sprayed. Further, instead of the conical metal substrate 36, a cylindrical metal substrate concentric with the heating furnace vessel 35 may be used in close contact with the heating furnace vessel 35. The conical metal substrate 36 is uniformly heated by a heating source 40. Reference numeral 41 in FIG. 1 indicates an excess hydrocarbon supply pipe connected to the bottom of the heating furnace vessel 35. The first nanocarbon generating device 11 and the second nanocarbon generating device 31 are not yet supplied for supplying unreacted hydrocarbons generated in the first nanocarbon generating device 11 to the second nanocarbon generating device 31. The reaction hydrocarbon supply pipe 42 is connected. An unreacted hydrocarbon spray nozzle (not shown) for injecting unreacted hydrocarbons into the heating furnace vessel 35 continuously or intermittently is provided at the tip of the supply pipe 42.

In the nanocarbon generation system of FIG. 1, first, an organic raw material having a hydrocarbon component is put into a raw material charging hopper 12 and temporarily stored, and then the raw material is quantitatively passed through a raw material supply pipe 13 to the first nanocarbon. It supplies to the production | generation apparatus 11.
As a catalyst powder for producing low-temperature level nanocarbon, a small amount of metal catalyst powder is used, and this is mixed with an organic material to obtain a metal catalyst powder mixed material. This metal catalyst powder mixed raw material is sprayed from the mixed raw material spray nozzle into the heating furnace container 15 of the first nanocarbon generator 11 through the raw material supply pipe 13. Thereby, the conical metal substrate 16 can eliminate the necessity of always maintaining the function of the metal catalyst.

  The metal catalyst powder mixed in the metal catalyst powder mixed raw material mixed with the metal catalyst powder may be mixed in a small amount to have a function as a core of nanocarbon generation, compared with an organic raw material having a hydrocarbon component. The level is sufficiently small. When mixing with an organic raw material having a hydrocarbon component, if the organic raw material having a hydrocarbon component is a liquid, for example, a small amount of metal catalyst powder is injected into the hydrocarbon liquid, and the mixture is stirred and mixed. The metal catalyst powder injected into the raw material is sufficiently uniformly diffused and mixed.

  The amount of the metal catalyst powder to be mixed in the raw material such as hydrocarbon is such that the ratio of the metal catalyst powder for low temperature level nanocarbon generation to the organic material raw material having a hydrocarbon component is about 1 / 100,000 to 1/1000 million. Level is enough. In particular, when the raw material such as hydrocarbon is liquid, it is sufficient to add a minute level of metal catalyst powder to a container of the raw material such as hydrocarbon and uniformly agitate it. In addition, when there is much addition amount of a metal catalyst powder, the production amount of nanocarbon will increase, but there exists a problem that metal catalyst powder is contained in production | generation nanocarbon, and purity falls locally. For this reason, the addition ratio of the metal catalyst powder is lowered as much as possible, and the type of organic raw material having hydrocarbon components and the type of metal catalyst powder to be added so that highly pure nanocarbon containing almost no metal catalyst powder is generated. Therefore, it is important to determine the optimum metal catalyst powder addition ratio under the combination conditions.

  As a result, the container material of the heating furnace container 15 is made of a material that has heat resistance, has a smooth surface to some extent, and does not thermally deform even if the metal substrate itself does not have a function as a catalyst for generating low-temperature level nanocarbon. As long as it is present, nanocarbon can be stably generated by supplying the metal catalyst powder mixed raw material.

  As described above, although the first nanocarbon generating device 11 can stably generate nanocarbon, the hydrocarbon content in the raw material involved in nanocarbon generation is a part of the entire hydrocarbon content, and unreacted carbonization. The proportion of hydrogen is high, and unreacted hydrocarbons are discharged from the downstream side of the first nanocarbon generator 11. For example, when a trace amount of metal catalyst powder is mixed in an ethanol liquid as a raw material and the temperature of the metal substrate itself in the first nanocarbon generator 11 is set to a level of 500 ° C., high-quality nanocarbon with high purity can be generated. . However, the ratio of hydrocarbons contributing to nanocarbon generation is approximately 20% of the hydrocarbons injected after the ethanol liquid to be injected is vaporized, and the remaining approximately 80% of the hydrocarbons remain unreacted. It will be discharged from the nanocarbon generator 11. This unreacted hydrocarbon has already undergone thermal decomposition in an atmosphere at a temperature of 600 ° C., and the components such as methane and hydrogen increase. As a result, although the first nanocarbon generating apparatus 11 having a set temperature of the metal substrate itself of 600 ° C. does not react any more, nanocarbon can be generated in an atmosphere in which the set temperature of the metal substrate itself is further increased.

  That is, these gas components do not generate nanocarbon in the first nanocarbon generating device 11 at a temperature of 600 ° C. However, nanocarbon is generated in the second nanocarbon generating device 31 at a temperature of 900 ° C. Therefore, by installing the low temperature level nanocarbon generation region and the high temperature level nanocarbon generation region in the heating furnace vessel 15, it is also possible to generate nanocarbons in the low temperature level region and the high temperature level region, respectively. However, there is a problem that nanocarbon is not generated in the temperature fluctuation region where the temperature is raised from the low temperature level region to the high temperature level region, soot is generated, and the purity of the generated nanocarbon is lowered.

  In the first embodiment, unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generation device 11 are supplied to the second nanocarbon generation device 31 as they are via the unreacted hydrocarbon supply pipe 42, where Furthermore, nanocarbon is generated. As a result, nanocarbon generation is performed in two stages: nanocarbon generation at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level, and unreacted hydrocarbons discharged by the first nanocarbon generation device 11 are converted into the second nanocarbon. By putting it in the generating device 31, it is possible to recover both nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generated at a high temperature level.

  Not only the unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generating device 11 are introduced as they are into the second nanocarbon generating device 31 but also the unreacted hydrocarbon supply to the second nanocarbon generating device 31. It is more efficient to reheat at the piping 42 or the introduction part to increase the temperature inside the second nanocarbon generating device 31. In addition, the nanocarbon generation reaction temperature in the second nanocarbon generation device 31 is high, and by using a catalyst that is different from the optimum catalyst for the reaction in the atmosphere in the first nanocarbon generation device 11, the nanocarbon is generated. Generation efficiency can be increased. Therefore, the nanocarbon generation efficiency in the second nanocarbon generation device 31 can be increased by introducing a small amount of the optimum catalyst for the unreacted hydrocarbon introduced into the second nanocarbon generation device 31.

  Metal catalyst powder mixed unreacted hydrocarbon mixed with metal catalyst powder is injected from an unreacted hydrocarbon spray nozzle connected to the unreacted hydrocarbon supply pipe 43, and a trace amount of metal is injected into the injected unreacted hydrocarbon. By mixing the catalyst powder, it is possible to eliminate the need for the metal substrate to always maintain the function of the metal catalyst. The metal catalyst powder mixed in the metal catalyst powder mixed raw material mixed with this metal catalyst powder may be mixed in a minute amount so as to have a function as a core of nanocarbon generation, and is sufficiently small compared with unreacted hydrocarbon. The level. Accordingly, when mixing with the unreacted hydrocarbon, the metal catalyst powder injected into the unreacted hydrocarbon is sufficiently uniformly diffused and mixed by stirring and mixing in the catalyst powder charging hopper 32.

  As the amount of the metal catalyst powder to be mixed in the unreacted hydrocarbon, the ratio of the metal catalyst powder for high temperature level nanocarbon generation to the unreacted hydrocarbon is sufficient at a minute level of about 1 / 100,000 to 1/1000 million. is there. In addition, when there is much addition amount of a metal catalyst powder, the production amount of nanocarbon will increase, but there exists a problem that metal catalyst powder is contained in production | generation nanocarbon, and purity falls locally. For this reason, the addition ratio of the metal catalyst powder is lowered as much as possible, depending on the combination of the components of the unreacted hydrocarbon and the type of metal catalyst powder to be added so that highly pure nanocarbon containing almost no metal catalyst powder is produced. It is important to determine the optimum metal catalyst powder addition ratio under the combination conditions.

  Thereby, even if the metal substrate itself does not have a function as a catalyst for high temperature level nanocarbon generation, the material of the heating furnace container 35 of the first nanocarbon generation device 31 has heat resistance and has a certain surface. As long as the material is smooth and does not thermally deform, there is no problem, and nanocarbon can be stably generated only by supplying the metal catalyst powder mixed raw material.

  As described above, a small amount of metal catalyst powder for generating high-temperature nanocarbon is mixed using unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 as a raw material, and the metal in the second nanocarbon generator 31 is mixed. When the temperature of the substrate itself is set at the 900 ° C. level, high-quality nanocarbon with high purity can be generated.

  According to the nanocarbon generation system of the first embodiment, nanocarbon generation is performed in two stages of nanocarbon generation at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level, so that the stage can be adjusted in accordance with the nanocarbon generation temperature range. In addition, it is possible to recover nanocarbons whose characteristics have been changed and to generate unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the low-temperature level nanocarbon generator 11 in the high-temperature level nanocarbon generator 31, thereby generating them at a low temperature level. Therefore, it is possible to provide a nanocarbon generation system that can efficiently recover nanocarbons that are produced at a high temperature level.

  In the first embodiment, an example in which liquid ethanol is supplied as an organic raw material having a hydrocarbon component in the raw material charging hopper has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and gaseous methane gas, ethylene gas, acetylene gas, Solid wood, grass, straw, sludge, etc., such as biomass gas, liquid bioethanol, ethanol, various hydrocarbon-containing waste liquids, etc., can also be input as organic materials.

In the first embodiment, the basic structure of the first nanocarbon generation device and the second nanocarbon generation device is not limited to the vertical type, and may be a horizontal type or an oblique installation type, for example. In the case of the above embodiment, the two stages of nanocarbon generation for the low temperature level and the high temperature level are used. However, there are three stages such as three stages of nanocarbon generation for the low temperature level, the medium temperature level, and the high temperature level. It is good also as the above arrangement structure.
Furthermore, in the first embodiment, when the nanocarbon is discharged from the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator to the first recovery container and the second recovery container, respectively, Of course, design considerations such as installing a double damper or a rotary valve between each container or enclosing an inert gas are also necessary so as not to be mixed into the container. Accordingly, the low temperature level generated nanocarbon and the high temperature level generated nanocarbon are stably recovered while continuously supplying the organic material having a hydrocarbon component to the raw material charging hopper.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 3 is an explanation corresponding to the embodiment of claim 2. FIG. 3 shows a nanocarbon produced at a low temperature level in the production of nanocarbon using organic matter as a raw material, a nanocarbon having a pyrolysis apparatus for thermally decomposing an organic raw material such as biomass as well as a nanocarbon produced at a high temperature level. It is a schematic flowchart of a production | generation system. That is, in FIG. 3, the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis in the pyrolysis apparatus, together with unreacted hydrocarbons discharged by the first nanocarbon generation apparatus via the pyrolysis gas supply pipe, It is characterized by being placed in a nanocarbon generator. However, the same members as those in FIG. 1 and FIG.

  Reference numeral 51 in FIG. 3 indicates a thermal decomposition apparatus. The thermal decomposition apparatus 51 is connected to a thermal decomposition residue collection container 52 to which the thermal decomposition residue (carbide) from the apparatus 51 is supplied. The pyrolysis apparatus 51 is connected to the second nanocarbon generation apparatus 31 through a pyrolysis gas supply pipe 53. The pyrolysis residue collection container 52 is connected to the second nanocarbon generator 31 via a pyrolysis residue supply pipe 54. A raw material charging hopper 55 is connected to the thermal decomposition apparatus 51 via a raw material supply pipe 56. The raw material charging hopper 55 is charged with an organic raw material such as biomass.

In the nanocarbon generation system according to the second embodiment, first, an organic material having a hydrocarbon component is introduced into a raw material charging hopper 12 and temporarily stored, and then the raw material is quantitatively passed through a raw material supply pipe 13 to the first. To the nanocarbon generator 11.
The structure of the first nanocarbon generator 11 is a vertical heating furnace vessel in a reducing atmosphere, as in the description corresponding to the first embodiment. The structural example, function, and the like in the heating furnace container are the same as those described in the first embodiment. Similarly to FIG. 1, unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generating device 11 are supplied to the second nanocarbon generating device 31 as they are via the unreacted hydrocarbon supply pipe 42, In addition, nanocarbon is generated. As a result, nanocarbon generation is performed in two stages: nanocarbon generation at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level, and unreacted hydrocarbons discharged by the first nanocarbon generation device 11 are converted into the second nanocarbon. By putting it in the generating device 31, it is possible to recover both nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generated at a high temperature level.

  Furthermore, in the second embodiment, an organic raw material having a hydrocarbon component is put into the raw material charging hopper 55 and temporarily stored, and then the raw material is quantitatively supplied to the thermal decomposition apparatus 51 via the raw material supply pipe 56. Supply. In the thermal decomposition apparatus 51, the input organic material is thermally decomposed at a high temperature to generate a thermal decomposition gas. The structure of the thermal decomposition apparatus 51 is preferably a kiln-type method in which raw materials are continuously charged, but other fluidized bed methods, container external heating methods, and the like can also be used. The internal set temperature of the thermal decomposition apparatus 51 depends on the organic material to be processed, but is about 500 to 800 ° C. The pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis apparatus 51 is supplied to the second nanocarbon generation apparatus 31 via the pyrolysis gas supply pipe 53. In particular, it is difficult to easily produce bioethanol or the like containing a large amount of liquid hydrocarbon components in a short time from organic raw materials such as solid wood, grass, straw, and sludge.

  Further, when the pyrolyzed gas is condensed by the pyrolyzing device 51, some tar content is mixed in the recovered liquid, and when this enters the nanocarbon generating device, not only nanocarbon is generated but also internal clogging occurs. It can also be a cause. However, by thermally decomposing with the thermal decomposition apparatus 51, gaseous methane gas, ethane gas, ethylene gas, carbon monoxide, etc. that contribute to nanocarbon production can be easily produced in a short time. These pyrolysis gas components do not generate nanocarbon in the first nanocarbon generating device 11 at a temperature of 600 ° C., but generate nanocarbon in the second nanocarbon generating device 31 at a temperature of 900 ° C. In addition, components that are pyrolyzed from organic raw materials and do not become pyrolysis gas become pyrolysis residues (carbides) and are discharged from the pyrolysis apparatus 51.

  The second nanocarbon generating device 31 includes not only unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generating device 11 but also pyrolysis gas generated from the pyrolysis device 51 through a pyrolysis gas supply pipe 53. Introduce via. Thereby, not only the unreacted hydrocarbon discharged | emitted by the 1st nanocarbon production | generation apparatus 11, but the pyrolysis gas generated from the thermal decomposition apparatus 51 can be put together as a raw material, and a high temperature level nanocarbon can be produced | generated simultaneously.

  In the system of FIG. 3, the internal temperature of the second nanocarbon generator 31 is reheated by the pyrolysis gas supply pipe 53, the unreacted hydrocarbon supply pipe 42, or the introduction part up to the second nanocarbon generator 31. It is more efficient if it is increased up to. In addition, the nanocarbon generation reaction temperature in the second nanocarbon generation device 31 is high, and by using a catalyst that is different from the optimum catalyst for the reaction in the atmosphere in the first nanocarbon generation device 11, the nanocarbon is generated. Generation efficiency can be increased. Therefore, the nanocarbon generation efficiency in the second nanocarbon generation device 31 can be increased by introducing a small amount of the optimum catalyst for the unreacted hydrocarbon introduced into the second nanocarbon generation device 31.

  As the structure of the second nanocarbon generating device 31, as in the description corresponding to the first embodiment, a vertical heating furnace vessel in a reducing atmosphere is used. The structural example, function, and the like in the heating furnace container are the same as those described in the first embodiment of FIG. Further, not only the catalyst powder is supplied into the catalyst powder charging hopper 32 but also the unreacted hydrocarbon and the pyrolysis gas generated in the thermal decomposition apparatus 51 are mixed and supplied, so that the second nanocarbon generation apparatus 31 is supplied. Not only to supply unreacted hydrocarbons and pyrolysis gas into the furnace furnace, but also to continuously or intermittently inject the metal catalyst powder mixed raw material (unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis gas + catalyst) Catalyst powder mixed unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis gas supply pipe, metal catalyst powder mixed unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis gas spray nozzle are arranged so that metal catalyst powder mixed unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis gas can be supplied. Also good.

  The metal catalyst powder mixed in the metal catalyst powder mixed raw material mixed with the metal catalyst powder may be mixed in a minute amount in order to have a function as a core of nanocarbon generation, compared with unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis gas. The level is sufficiently small. Therefore, when the metal catalyst powder is mixed with the unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis gas, the metal catalyst powder injected into the unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis gas is mixed by stirring and mixing in the catalyst powder charging hopper 32. Sufficiently evenly diffused and mixed. The amount of the metal catalyst powder mixed in the unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis gas is such that the ratio of the metal catalyst powder to the unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis gas is a minute level of about 1 / 100,000 to 1 / 1000,000. It is enough. In addition, when there is much addition amount of a metal catalyst powder, the production amount of nanocarbon will increase, but there exists a problem that metal catalyst powder is contained in production | generation nanocarbon, and purity falls locally. For this reason, the addition ratio of the metal catalyst powder is lowered as much as possible, and the components of the unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis gas and the added metal catalyst powder are added so that highly pure nanocarbon containing almost no metal catalyst powder is generated. It is important to determine the optimum addition ratio of the metal catalyst powder for generating high-temperature level nanocarbon under the combination conditions depending on the combination of types.

  According to the nanocarbon generation system of the second embodiment, the nanocarbon generation is performed in two stages of nanocarbon generation at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level, so that it can be performed in accordance with the nanocarbon generation temperature range. It is possible to recover nanocarbons whose characteristics have been changed. Further, not only the unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 but also the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolyzer 51 is generated at a low temperature level by entering the second nanocarbon generator 31. Both the nanocarbon and the nanocarbon produced at a high temperature level can be recovered, and a nanocarbon production system for efficiently producing nanocarbon can be provided.

  In the second embodiment, the example in which liquid ethanol is supplied into the raw material charging hopper 12 as an organic raw material having a hydrocarbon component has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and gaseous methane gas, ethylene gas, acetylene gas is used. It is also possible to input solid woody material, grass, straw, sludge, etc. as organic raw materials, such as biomass gas, liquid bioethanol, ethanol, various hydrocarbon-containing waste liquids, and the like. Moreover, although the example which supplies organic raw materials, such as solid woody, grass, straw, sludge, etc. was demonstrated in the raw material input hopper 55, not only this but liquid bioethanol, ethanol, various hydrocarbon containing waste liquid etc. The first nanocarbon generator 11 can be charged, or a solid organic material and a liquid organic material can be mixed and charged.

  In the second embodiment, the basic structure of the first nanocarbon generation device 11 and the second nanocarbon generation device 31 is not limited to the vertical type, and may be a horizontal type or an oblique installation type, for example. In the case of the above embodiment, the two stages of nanocarbon generation for the low temperature level and the high temperature level are used. However, there are three stages such as three stages of nanocarbon generation for the low temperature level, the medium temperature level, and the high temperature level. It is good also as the above arrangement structure.

  Further, when the nanocarbon is discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 and the second nanocarbon generator 31 to the first recovery container 14 and the second recovery container 34, respectively, When supplying the raw material to the first nanocarbon generating device 11, when supplying the organic material from the raw material charging hopper 55 to the thermal decomposition device 51, etc. Naturally, design considerations such as installing a double damper, a roller valve, etc., or filling an inert gas are also necessary. Accordingly, the low temperature level generated nanocarbon and the high temperature level generated nanocarbon are stably recovered while continuously supplying the organic material having a hydrocarbon component to the raw material charging hopper 11.

(Third embodiment)
The third embodiment corresponds to claim 3. This embodiment will also be described with reference to FIG. 3 described above. The present embodiment includes not only nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level in the production of nanocarbon using an organic material as a raw material, but also a pyrolysis apparatus that thermally decomposes an organic material raw material such as biomass. FIG. 3 shows the second nanocarbon generation, together with the unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator via the pyrolysis residue supply pipe through the pyrolysis residue generated by pyrolysis in the pyrolysis apparatus. It is characterized by being placed in the device. The same members as those in FIG. 1 and FIG.

In the nanocarbon generation system according to the third embodiment, first, an organic material having a hydrocarbon component is introduced into a raw material charging hopper 12 and temporarily stored, and then the raw material is quantitatively passed through a raw material supply pipe 13 to the second. To the nanocarbon generator 31.
The structure of the first nanocarbon generator 11 is a vertical heating furnace vessel in a reducing atmosphere, similar to the description corresponding to the first embodiment of FIGS. The structural example, function, and the like of the first nanocarbon generating device 11 are the same as the description corresponding to the first embodiment. In addition, as in FIG. 1, unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 are supplied to the second nanocarbon generator 31 as they are via the unreacted hydrocarbon supply pipe 42, Here, nanocarbon is further generated. As a result, nanocarbon generation is performed in two stages: nanocarbon generation at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level, and unreacted hydrocarbons discharged by the first nanocarbon generation device 11 are converted into the second nanocarbon. By putting it in the generating device 31, it is possible to recover both nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generated at a high temperature level.

  Furthermore, in the third embodiment, after an organic material having a hydrocarbon component is introduced into the raw material charging hopper 55 and temporarily stored, the raw material is quantitatively supplied to the thermal decomposition apparatus 51 via the raw material supply pipe 56. Supply. In the thermal decomposition apparatus 51, the input organic material is thermally decomposed at a high temperature to generate a thermal decomposition residue (carbide) together with the thermal decomposition gas. The structure of the thermal decomposition apparatus 51 is preferably a kiln-type method in which raw materials are continuously charged, but other fluidized bed methods, container external heating methods, and the like can also be used. The set temperature inside the thermal decomposition apparatus 51 is about 500 to 800 ° C., although it depends on the organic material to be processed. Then, the pyrolysis residue (carbide) is stored in the pyrolysis residue collection container 52 together with the generated pyrolysis gas, and then supplied to the second nanocarbon generator 31 via the pyrolysis residue supply pipe 54. In particular, it is difficult to easily produce bioethanol or the like containing a large amount of liquid hydrocarbon components in a short time from organic raw materials such as solid wood, grass, straw, and sludge.

  Further, when the pyrolyzed gas is condensed by the pyrolyzing device 51, some tar content is mixed in the recovered liquid, and when this enters the nanocarbon generating device, not only nanocarbon is generated but also internal clogging occurs. It can also be a cause. However, it is possible to easily generate solid carbon that contributes to nanocarbon generation in a short time by performing thermal decomposition in the thermal decomposition apparatus 51. From the carbon, the first nanocarbon generating device 11 having a temperature of 600 ° C. does not generate nanocarbon, but the second nanocarbon generating device 31 having a temperature of 900 ° C. generates nanocarbon.

Note that the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis from the organic material raw material is also supplied to the second nanocarbon generator 31 together with the pyrolysis residue (carbide), whereby the nanocarbon production efficiency can be increased.
As a result, not only unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 but also pyrolysis residues (carbides) generated from the pyrolyzer 51 are introduced into the second nanocarbon generator 31. It will be. Therefore, it is possible to simultaneously generate high-temperature level nanocarbon from the unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generating device 11 and the thermal decomposition residue (carbide) generated from the thermal decomposition device 51 at the same time.

  Further, when reheated in the pyrolysis gas supply pipe 53, the unreacted hydrocarbon supply pipe 42 or the introduction part up to the second nanocarbon generation apparatus 31, the temperature is increased to the internal temperature of the second nanocarbon generation apparatus 31. It is more efficient. In addition, the nanocarbon generation reaction temperature in the second nanocarbon generation device 31 is high, and by using a catalyst that is different from the optimum catalyst for the reaction in the atmosphere in the first nanocarbon generation device 11, the nanocarbon is generated. Generation efficiency can be increased. Therefore, the nanocarbon generation efficiency in the second nanocarbon generation device 31 can be increased by introducing a small amount of the optimum catalyst for the unreacted hydrocarbon introduced into the second nanocarbon generation device 31.

  The structure of the second nanocarbon generating device 31 is a vertical heating furnace vessel in a reducing atmosphere, as in the description corresponding to the first embodiment of FIGS. The structural example, function, and the like in the second nanocarbon generating device 31 are the same as the description corresponding to the first embodiment.

  Not only the catalyst powder is supplied into the catalyst powder charging hopper 32 but also the unreacted hydrocarbon and the thermal decomposition residue (carbide) generated in the thermal decomposition apparatus 51 are mixed and supplied to the second nanocarbon. In addition to supplying unreacted hydrocarbons and pyrolysis residues into the heating furnace vessel 35, the raw material mixed with metal catalyst powder (unreacted hydrocarbons + pyrolysis residues + catalyst) is continuously or intermittently injected into the generator 31. Metal catalyst powder mixed unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis residue supply piping, metal catalyst powder mixed unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis residue spray nozzle are arranged, and metal catalyst powder mixed unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis residue supply nozzle You may be able to do it.

  The metal catalyst powder mixed in the metal catalyst powder mixed raw material mixed with the metal catalyst powder may be mixed in a minute amount in order to have a function as a core of nanocarbon generation, compared with unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis residue. The level is sufficiently small. Therefore, when mixing with unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis residue, stirring and mixing in the catalyst powder charging hopper 32 makes the metal catalyst powder injected into the unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis residue sufficiently uniform. Spread and mix. The amount of the metal catalyst powder mixed in the unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis residue is such that the ratio of the metal catalyst powder to the unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis residue is a minute level of about 1 / 100,000 to 1/1000 million. It is enough. In addition, when there is much addition amount of a metal catalyst powder, the production amount of nanocarbon will increase, but there exists a problem that metal catalyst powder is contained in produced | generated nanocarbon and purity falls locally. For this reason, the addition ratio of the metal catalyst powder is lowered as much as possible, and the metal added with the components of the unreacted hydrocarbon + pyrolysis residue (carbide) so as to produce highly pure nanocarbon containing almost no metal catalyst powder. It is important to determine the optimum addition ratio of the metal catalyst powder for producing high-temperature level nanocarbon under the combination conditions depending on the combination of the kinds of catalyst powder.

  According to the nanocarbon generation system of the third embodiment, nanocarbon generation is performed in two stages of nanocarbon generation at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level, so that the stage can be adjusted in accordance with the nanocarbon generation temperature range. It is possible to recover nanocarbons whose characteristics have been changed. Further, not only unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 but also pyrolysis residues generated in the pyrolyzer 51 are generated at a low temperature level by entering the second nanocarbon generator 31. Therefore, it is possible to provide a nanocarbon generation system that can efficiently recover nanocarbons that are produced at a high temperature level.

  Of course, as shown in FIG. 3, the unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 31 in the second nanocarbon generator 31, the pyrolysis gas generated from the pyrolyzer 51, and the pyrolyzer By adding all the pyrolysis residues generated in 51, nanocarbons at a higher temperature level can be generated.

  In the third embodiment, an example in which liquid ethanol is supplied as an organic material having a hydrocarbon component in the raw material charging hopper 11 is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and gaseous methane gas, ethylene gas, acetylene gas is used. It is also possible to input solid woody material, grass, straw, sludge, etc. as organic raw materials, such as biomass gas, liquid bioethanol, ethanol, various hydrocarbon-containing waste liquids, and the like.

  In the third embodiment, the basic structure of the first nanocarbon generation device 11 and the second nanocarbon generation device 31 is not limited to the vertical type, and may be, for example, a horizontal type or an oblique installation type. In the case of the above embodiment, the two stages of nanocarbon generation for the low temperature level and the high temperature level are used. However, there are three stages such as three stages of nanocarbon generation for the low temperature level, the medium temperature level, and the high temperature level. It is good also as the above arrangement structure.

  Further, when the nanocarbon is discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 and the second nanocarbon generator 31 to the first recovery container 14 and the second recovery container 34, or when the organic material is supplied from the raw material charging hopper 12. When the organic material is supplied from the raw material charging hopper 55 to the thermal decomposition device 51 when supplying the thermal decomposition residue to the first nanocarbon generation device 11, the thermal decomposition residue is supplied from the thermal decomposition residue collection container 52 to the second nanocarbon generation device 31. When supplying the organic material from the raw material charging hopper 55 to the thermal decomposition apparatus 51, a double damper, a rotary valve or the like is installed between each container so that air is not mixed into each container. Naturally, design considerations such as enclosing inert gas are also necessary. Accordingly, the low temperature level generated nanocarbon and the high temperature level generated nanocarbon are stably recovered while continuously supplying the organic material having a hydrocarbon component to the raw material charging hopper 12.

(Fourth embodiment)
A nanocarbon generation system according to a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. This system is equipped with a pyrolysis device that pyrolyzes organic materials such as biomass as well as nanocarbons generated at low temperatures in the production of nanocarbons using organic materials as raw materials, and nanocarbons generated at high temperatures. Features. Specifically, the second nanocarbon generation device generates pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue (carbide) generated by thermal decomposition in the pyrolysis device together with unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generation device. In the first nanocarbon generator, the nanocarbon generator internal set temperature is 500 to 800 ° C., and in the second nanocarbon generator, the nanocarbon generator internal set temperature is 800 to 1200. It is characterized by being ℃.

  As described so far, in the first nanocarbon generator 11, particularly when hydrocarbons such as ethanol are used as raw materials, high-quality nanocarbon can be stably generated. However, the hydrocarbon content in the raw material related to nanocarbon generation is a part of the entire hydrocarbon content, and the ratio of unreacted hydrocarbon is high, and the unreacted hydrocarbon is downstream of the first nanocarbon generation device 11. Discharged from. For example, by mixing a trace amount of metal catalyst powder in ethanol liquid as a raw material and setting the temperature of the metal substrate itself in the first nanocarbon generator 11 to a level of 600 ° C., high-quality nanocarbon with high purity can be generated. .

  However, the ratio of hydrocarbons contributing to nanocarbon generation is approximately 20% of the hydrocarbons injected after the ethanol liquid to be injected is vaporized, and the remaining approximately 80% of the hydrocarbons remain unreacted. It will be discharged from the nanocarbon generator 11. This unreacted hydrocarbon has already undergone thermal decomposition in an atmosphere at a temperature of 600 ° C., and components such as methane and hydrogen are increased, and the first nanocarbon is generated at a set temperature of 600 ° C. of the metal substrate itself. Although the apparatus 11 does not react any more, nanocarbon can be generated in the second nanocarbon generating apparatus 31 at a temperature of 900 ° C., which is obtained by further increasing the set temperature of the metal substrate itself.

  In addition, it is difficult to easily produce bioethanol having a large amount of liquid hydrocarbon components in a short time from organic raw materials such as solid wood, grass, straw, and sludge. Further, when the pyrolyzed gas is condensed in the pyrolyzing device 51, some tar content is also mixed in the recovered liquid, and when this enters the nanocarbon generating device, not only the nanocarbon is generated but also the cause of internal clogging. It also becomes. However, by thermally decomposing in the pyrolysis device 51, it is possible to easily generate gaseous methane gas, ethane gas, ethylene gas, carbon monoxide, etc. that contribute to nanocarbon generation in a short time. In the second nanocarbon generating device 31 at a temperature of 900 ° C., nanocarbon can be generated.

  As a result, nanocarbon generation is performed in two stages: nanocarbon generation at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level, and unreacted hydrocarbons discharged by the first nanocarbon generation device 11 are converted into the second nanocarbon. By putting it in the generating device 31, it is possible to recover both nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generated at a high temperature level.

  Further, after an organic material having a hydrocarbon component is introduced into the raw material charging hopper 55 and temporarily stored, the raw material is quantitatively supplied to the thermal decomposition apparatus 51 via the raw material supply pipe 56. In the thermal decomposition apparatus 51, the input organic material is thermally decomposed at a high temperature to generate a thermal decomposition residue (carbide) together with the thermal decomposition gas. In particular, it is difficult to easily produce bioethanol or the like containing a large amount of liquid hydrocarbon components in a short time from organic raw materials such as solid wood, grass, straw, and sludge. Further, when the pyrolyzed gas is condensed in the pyrolyzing device 51, some tar content is also mixed in the recovered liquid, and when this enters the nanocarbon generating device, not only the nanocarbon is generated but also the cause of internal clogging. It also becomes. However, it is possible to easily generate solid carbon that contributes to nanocarbon generation in a short time by performing thermal decomposition in the thermal decomposition apparatus 51. From the carbon, the first nanocarbon generating device 11 having a temperature of 600 ° C. does not generate nanocarbon, but the second nanocarbon generating device 31 having a temperature of 900 ° C. generates nanocarbon.

  Note that the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis from the organic material raw material is also supplied to the second nanocarbon generator 31 together with the pyrolysis residue (carbide), whereby the nanocarbon generation efficiency can be increased. As a result, not only unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 but also pyrolysis residues (carbides) generated from the pyrolyzer 51 are introduced into the second nanocarbon generator 31. Thus, it is possible to simultaneously generate high-temperature level nanocarbon from the unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generating device 11 and the thermal decomposition residue (carbide) generated from the thermal decomposition device 51 at the same time.

  In addition, reheating is performed in the pyrolysis gas supply pipe 53, the unreacted carbide supply pipe 42, or the introduction part up to the second nanocarbon generation apparatus 31, so as to increase the internal temperature of the second nanocarbon generation apparatus 31. Then it is more efficient. In addition, the nanocarbon generation reaction temperature in the second nanocarbon generation device 31 is high, and by using a catalyst that is different from the optimum catalyst for the reaction in the atmosphere in the first nanocarbon generation device 11, the nanocarbon is generated. Generation efficiency can be increased. Therefore, by introducing a small amount of the optimum catalyst for the unreacted hydrocarbon introduced into the second nanocarbon generator 31, the nanocarbon generation efficiency in the second nanocarbon generator 31 can be increased, Nanocarbon can be recovered continuously and stably.

(Fifth embodiment)
A fifth embodiment (corresponding to claim 5) will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a nanocarbon generation system that injects hydrogen into the first nanocarbon generation apparatus and the second nanocarbon generation apparatus, respectively. However, the same members as those in FIGS.
Reference numeral 61 in FIG. 4 indicates a hydrogen supply pipe for injecting hydrogen into the first carbonless generator 11 continuously or intermittently. Reference numeral 62 indicates a hydrogen injection pipe for injecting hydrogen into the second nanocarbon generating device 31 continuously or intermittently. One hydrogen supply pipe 61 is arranged near the raw material supply pipe 13, and the other hydrogen supply pipe 62 is arranged near the pyrolysis gas supply pipe 53. A hydrogen spray nozzle (not shown) is provided at the tip of each of the hydrogen supply pipes 61 and 62.

  In the nanocarbon generation system of FIG. 4, not only the raw materials, unreacted hydrocarbons, pyrolysis gas and the like are supplied into the first nanocarbon generation apparatus 11 and the second nanocarbon generation apparatus 31 in a reducing atmosphere, Hydrogen is also sprayed from the hydrogen spray nozzles of the hydrogen supply pipes 61 and 62 to activate the metal catalyst powder.

  The position of the hydrogen spray nozzle depends on the design shape of the first nanocarbon generation device 11 and the second nanocarbon generation device 31, but is sprayed from the upper part in the heating furnace container and on the upper side in each heating furnace container. Even if metal catalyst powder mixed hydrocarbon and hydrogen are individually injected into the heating furnace vessel in the nanocarbon generating furnace, the optimum position for growing nanocarbon by reacting after mixing in the heating furnace vessel can be adjusted It is good to do so.

  According to the nanocarbon generation system of the fifth embodiment, the catalyst particles constituting the metal catalyst powder in the mixed metal catalyst powder mixed hydrocarbon are used as nuclei, and not only hydrocarbons but also hydrogen are sprayed and reacted in a high temperature state. In comparison with the case where only hydrocarbons are sprayed and reacted in a high temperature state, nanocarbons are generated and grown more efficiently by the vapor phase growth method. The inside of the heating furnace vessel is uniformly heated, and the hydrocarbon and hydrogen are sprayed uniformly, so that nanocarbon can be generated and grown uniformly without any spots in the heating furnace vessel. Thereby, nanocarbon can be manufactured continuously and efficiently.

(Sixth embodiment)
A sixth embodiment (corresponding to claim 6) will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic flow diagram of a nanocarbon generation system in which water vapor is added to each of the first nanocarbon generation apparatus and the second nanocarbon generation apparatus. However, the same members as those in FIGS.
Reference numeral 63 in FIG. 5 indicates a water vapor supply pipe for injecting water vapor into the first carbonless generator 11 continuously or intermittently. Reference numeral 64 indicates a water vapor injection pipe for continuously or intermittently injecting water vapor into the second nanocarbon generating device 31. One steam supply pipe 63 is arranged near the raw material supply pipe 13, and the other steam supply pipe 64 is arranged near the pyrolysis gas supply pipe 53. A water vapor injection nozzle (not shown) is provided at the tip of each of the hydrogen supply pipes 63 and 64.

  In the nanocarbon generation system of FIG. 5, not only the raw materials, unreacted hydrocarbons, pyrolysis gas and the like are supplied into the first nanocarbon generation apparatus 11 and the second nanocarbon generation apparatus 31 in a reducing atmosphere, The metal catalyst powder is activated by spraying water vapor from each water vapor injection nozzle.

  The position of each water vapor injection nozzle depends on the design shape of the first nanocarbon generating device 11 and the second nanocarbon generating device 31, but is the upper side in the heating furnace container of each nanocarbon generating apparatus, Optimal for growing nanocarbon by reacting after mixing in the heating furnace vessel even if the metal catalyst powder mixed hydrocarbon and water vapor sprayed from above are individually injected into the heating vessel in the nanocarbon production furnace. It is better to be able to adjust the position.

  According to the nanocarbon generation system of the sixth embodiment, the catalyst particles constituting the metal catalyst powder in the metal catalyst powder mixed hydrocarbon to be sprayed serve as a nucleus to spray not only hydrocarbon but also water vapor and react in a high temperature state. In comparison with the case where only hydrocarbons are sprayed and reacted in a high temperature state, nanocarbons are generated and grown more efficiently by the vapor phase growth method. The inside of the heating furnace container is uniformly heated, and hydrocarbons and water vapor are uniformly sprayed, so that nanocarbon can be generated and grown uniformly without any spots in the heating furnace container. Thereby, nanocarbon can be manufactured continuously and efficiently.

(Seventh embodiment)
The seventh embodiment (corresponding to claim 7) will be described with reference to FIG. The embodiment relates to a nanocarbon generation system in which a catalyst is added to a raw material charged into each of a first nanocarbon generation apparatus and a second nanocarbon generation apparatus.
Reference numeral 65 in FIG. 5 indicates a catalyst powder supply pipe for introducing a low temperature level nanocarbon producing catalyst into the raw material charging hopper 12. The catalyst for low-temperature level nanocarbon generation is continuously or intermittently charged into the first nanocarbon generation device 11 via the catalyst powder supply pipe 65, the raw material supply hopper 12 and the raw material supply pipe 13. The high temperature level nanocarbon generating catalyst is continuously or intermittently charged into the second nanocarbon generating device 31 through the catalyst powder charging hopper 32 and the catalyst powder supply pipe 33.

  In the system of the seventh embodiment, only raw materials, unreacted hydrocarbons, pyrolysis gas, hydrogen, and the like are supplied into the first nanocarbon generator 11 and the second nanocarbon generator 31 in a reducing atmosphere. In addition, the catalyst is mixed with the raw material via the catalyst powder supply pipe 65 and the catalyst powder supply pipe 33 and sprayed into the first nanocarbon generator 11 and the second nanocarbon generator 31. Using this metal catalyst powder as a nucleus, nanocarbon can be efficiently generated.

  As a method for charging the metal catalyst powder, there is a method in which a small amount is mixed with the raw material in this way and a small amount is mixed with, for example, ethanol other than the raw material, and the raw material is charged separately from the raw material. Further, according to the design structure of the first nanocarbon generation device 11 and the second nanocarbon generation device 31, in addition to charging from the upper part of each device, a metal catalyst powder injection nozzle is installed inside each device, It is also possible to use a method of directly spraying on a metal substrate inside the apparatus. Furthermore, in accordance with the generation of nanocarbon, for example, after a large amount of nanocarbon is generated, the generated nanocarbon is wiped off, and then metal catalyst powder is injected onto the metal substrate, so that the metal catalyst powder can be continuously input. It is also possible to stably produce nanocarbon having a high purity by intermittently charging the carbon.

  According to the nanocarbon generating system of the seventh embodiment, the nanocarbon is continuously added by adding a catalyst to the raw material charged into each of the first nanocarbon generating device 11 and the second nanocarbon generating device 31. It can be generated, and by uniformly spraying the raw material and the catalyst, nanocarbon can be generated and grown uniformly without any spots in the heating furnace vessel. Thereby, nanocarbon can be manufactured continuously and efficiently.

(Eighth embodiment)
An eighth embodiment (corresponding to claims 8 and 9) will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment is different from the seventh embodiment in that the type of catalyst added to the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator is changed. However, the same members as those in FIGS.
Specifically, an Fe-based catalyst that is most suitable as a catalyst to be added in an atmosphere at a temperature of 600 ° C. in the first nanocarbon generator 11 is added at a temperature of 900 ° C. in the second nanocarbon generator 31. An optimum Ni-based catalyst was added to the catalyst. Thereby, the nanocarbon suitable for the temperature level of each nanocarbon production | generation apparatus can be produced | generated more efficiently.

(Ninth embodiment)
A ninth embodiment (corresponding to claim 10) will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic flow diagram of a nanocarbon generation system in which oil or biomass oil is added to the second nanocarbon generation apparatus. However, the same members as those in FIGS.
Reference numeral 66 in FIG. 6 indicates an oil charging hopper. After the oil is once stored in the oil charging hopper 66, the oil quantitatively flows down to the oil and catalyst powder charging hopper 67 below the high-temperature nanocarbon generating catalyst powder. In this hopper 67, the oil and the catalyst powder are stirred, and a small amount of the catalyst powder is uniformly mixed in the oil without any spots. The uniformly mixed oil mixed with the catalyst powder is sprayed into the second nanocarbon generating device 31 from the high temperature level nanocarbon generating oil spray nozzle (not shown) via the oil and the catalyst powder supply pipe 68. .

  As a result, not only the unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 but also the oil and catalyst powder are supplied to the second nanocarbon generator 31 via the oil and catalyst powder supply pipe 68. By introducing, not only unreacted hydrocarbons discharged by the first nanocarbon generator 11 but also oil as raw materials can be produced at the same time to produce high-temperature level nanocarbon.

  The oil and catalyst powder supply pipe 68, the unreacted hydrocarbon supply pipe 42, or the introduction part up to the second nanocarbon generation apparatus 31 are reheated to increase the internal temperature of the second nanocarbon generation apparatus 31. This is more efficient. In addition, the nanocarbon generation reaction temperature in the second nanocarbon generation device 31 is high, and by using a catalyst that is different from the optimum catalyst for the reaction in the atmosphere in the first nanocarbon generation device 11, the nanocarbon is generated. Generation efficiency can be increased. Therefore, the nanocarbon generation efficiency in the second nanocarbon generation device 31 can be increased by introducing a small amount of the optimum catalyst for the unreacted hydrocarbon introduced into the second nanocarbon generation device 31.

  In the ninth embodiment, the structure of the second nanocarbon generating device 31 is a vertical heating furnace vessel in a reducing atmosphere, as in FIG. The structural example, function, and the like in the heating furnace container are the same as those described in the first embodiment.

  In addition, the metal substrate installed inside the heating furnace container can have a function of a catalyst for generating high-temperature nanocarbon. For example, when the metal substrate is a nickel substrate, the substrate can have a catalytic function. In this way, by mixing and spraying unreacted hydrocarbon + oil and a small amount of metal catalyst powder in the generation device 31 on the upstream side of the second nanocarbon generation device 31, the metal substrate inside the heating furnace vessel is It is also possible to eliminate the necessity of constantly maintaining the function of the metal catalyst. The metal catalyst powder mixed in the metal catalyst powder mixed raw material in which the metal catalyst powder is mixed may be mixed in a minute amount so as to have a function as a core of nanocarbon generation. Therefore, the level is sufficiently small compared with the unreacted hydrocarbon + oil. When mixing with the unreacted hydrocarbon + oil, the unreacted carbon is obtained by stirring and mixing in the oil and catalyst powder charging hopper 67. Metal catalyst powder injected into hydrogen + oil is sufficiently uniformly diffused and mixed.

  As the amount of the metal catalyst powder mixed in the unreacted hydrocarbon + oil, a minute level of about 1 / 100,000 to 1/1000 million is sufficient for the ratio of the metal catalyst powder to the unreacted hydrocarbon + oil. Here, if the amount of the metal catalyst powder added is large, the amount of nanocarbon produced increases, but the metal catalyst powder is contained in the produced nanocarbon, and there is a problem that the purity is locally lowered. For this reason, the addition ratio of the metal catalyst powder is lowered as much as possible, and the components of the unreacted hydrocarbon + oil and the type of the metal catalyst powder to be added are generated so that high-purity nanocarbon containing almost no metal catalyst powder is generated. Depending on the combination, it is important to determine the optimum addition ratio of the metal catalyst powder for generating high-temperature level nanocarbon under the combination conditions.

As a result, the cylindrical container material on the inner surface of the heating furnace container may be a material having heat resistance and a surface that is smooth to some extent and does not thermally deform even if the metal substrate itself does not function as a catalyst. If there is no problem, the nanocarbon can be stably generated only by supplying the catalyst powder mixed raw material for generating high-temperature level nanocarbon.
As described above, the unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generating device 11 are used as raw materials to mix a small amount of high-temperature level nanocarbon-generating metal catalyst powder in the second nanocarbon generating device 31. When the temperature of the metal substrate itself is set at the 900 ° C. level, high-quality nanocarbon with high purity can be generated.

  According to the nanocarbon generation system of the ninth embodiment, nanocarbon generation is performed in two stages of nanocarbon generation at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level, so that the stage can be matched to the nanocarbon generation temperature range. In addition, it is possible to recover the nanocarbon whose characteristics have been changed, and by putting not only unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 but also oil into the second nanocarbon generator 31. It is possible to recover both nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generated at a high temperature level, and provide a nanocarbon generation system for efficiently producing nanocarbon.

(Tenth embodiment)
A nanocarbon generation system according to a tenth embodiment (corresponding to claim 11) uses biomass oil as the oil.
Instead of using the fossil resource-derived oil as a raw material of the nanocarbon product (hydrocarbon oil), the use of biomass oils, the use of fossil resources, it is possible to suppress CO ₂ emissions from burning to prevent global warming Meanwhile, nanocarbon, which is a highly functional carbon, can be generated. According to the tenth embodiment, the same effect as in the ninth embodiment can be obtained.

(Eleventh embodiment)
The nanocarbon generation system according to the eleventh embodiment (corresponding to claim 12) is an oil obtained by methane fermentation of wood, grass, garbage, sewage sludge and the like as the biomass oil.
The form of methane fermentation of biomass resources to generate methane gas and use it as fuel is spreading. However, methane gas generated by methane fermentation of biomass resources is used as a raw material for producing nanocarbon, which is a high-performance carbon. Examples of biomass resources to be subjected to methane fermentation include wood, grass, garbage, and sewage sludge. According to the eleventh embodiment, the same effect as in the ninth embodiment can be obtained.

(Twelfth embodiment)
A nanocarbon production system according to a twelfth embodiment (corresponding to claim 13) is an oil obtained by thermally decomposing wood, grass, garbage, sewage sludge, etc. as the biomass oil.
The form of pyrolyzing biomass resources to generate pyrolysis gas and using it as fuel is becoming widespread, but the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolyzing biomass resources is used as a raw material for producing nanocarbon, which is a highly functional carbon. It is. Examples of biomass resources to be pyrolyzed include wood, grass, garbage, and sewage sludge. Pyrolysis has the merit that pyrolysis gas can be generated in a shorter time than methane fermentation, and that gas or oil can be used immediately for nanocarbon generation as it is. According to the twelfth embodiment, the same effect as in the ninth embodiment can be obtained.

(13th Embodiment)
A nanocarbon generation system according to a thirteenth embodiment (corresponding to claim 14) is made of wood, grass, garbage, sewage sludge, and the like as biomass to be input to a thermal decomposition apparatus that thermally decomposes organic materials such as biomass. Carbides (residues) obtained by pyrolysis, carbides (residues) obtained by methane fermentation and pyrolysis, and the like.

  Not only using the above biomass oil for nanocarbon production, but also using carbide (residue) obtained by pyrolysis, carbide (residue) obtained by methane fermentation, pyrolysis, etc. for nanocarbon production. In addition to effective use of resources, nanocarbon generation is performed in two stages: nanocarbon generation at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level. The changed nanocarbon can be recovered, and not only unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 but also pyrolysis residues (carbides) generated in the pyrolyzer, and methane in other systems. Nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level by accepting the carbide (residue) obtained by fermentation and pyrolysis to the second nanocarbon generator 31. It can be recovered both nanocarbon generated in a high temperature level, can be efficiently provide nanocarbon generation system for producing a nano-carbon.

  Of course, as shown in FIG. 6, unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 in the second nanocarbon generator 31, pyrolysis gas generated from the pyrolyzer 51, and pyrolyzer Pyrolysis residue (carbide) generated in 51, methane fermentation in other systems, carbide (residue) obtained by pyrolysis, etc. are added together to generate nanocarbons at a higher temperature level be able to.

(Fourteenth embodiment)
A fourteenth embodiment (corresponding to claim 15) will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 shows the use applications of the generated nanocarbons of the low temperature level generated nanocarbon obtained by the first nanocarbon generator 11 and the high temperature level generated nanocarbon obtained by the second nanocarbon generator 31. It is a schematic flowchart of the nanocarbon production | generation system which can be utilized separately. However, the same members as those in FIGS.

  In FIG. 7, the recovered nanocarbon obtained by the first nanocarbon generator 11 is in the first recovery container 14, and the high-temperature level generated nanocarbon obtained by the second nanocarbon generator 31 is in the second recovery container 34. Respectively. Each collected nanocarbon has different characteristics of the produced nanocarbon due to differences in production temperature, catalyst, reaction gas composition, and the like. For example, nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level has excellent conductivity, and has excellent characteristics that can maintain conductivity by slightly mixing nanocarbon with resin. On the other hand, the nanocarbon produced at a high temperature level has excellent electromagnetic wave absorbability and the like, and has excellent characteristics capable of maintaining the electromagnetic wave shielding property by slightly mixing the nanocarbon with a film resin or the like.

  In FIG. 7, in order to take advantage of the characteristics of each produced nanocarbon, the first collection container 14 and the second collection container 34 are separately collected and transported to the respective usage destinations. It can be used in distinction according to usage. The first collection container 14 and the second collection container 34 are collected in, for example, a general drum can so that a low temperature level generation nanocarbon drum can and a high temperature level generation nanocarbon drum can be distinguished. There is no doubt that they can be transported and shipped to their respective destinations.

(Fifteenth embodiment)
A fifteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The present embodiment relates to a nanocarbon generation system in which the first nanocarbon generation device 11 and the second nanocarbon generation device 31 are compatible and can be used interchangeably. As shown in FIG. 8, the first nanocarbon generating device 11 and the second nanocarbon generating device 31 have the same shape, and the connecting shapes of pipes, nozzles, and the like are exactly the same.

  There is no structural difference between the first nanocarbon generator 11 and the second nanocarbon generator 31, and any temperature can be set at a temperature of 900 ° C. Therefore, the first nanocarbon generating device 11 and the second nanocarbon generating device are optimal by slightly changing the respective set temperatures even when the conditions such as the processing raw material of each nanocarbon generating device are changed. The temperature can be set.

  For example, when a liquid hydrocarbon is introduced as a raw material into the first nanocarbon generating device 11, it can be set at a relatively low 600 ° C. even at a 600 ° C. level, but when a gaseous hydrocarbon gas is introduced. Needs to be set at a relatively high temperature around 700 ° C. Similarly, in the case where a relatively large amount of unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 is used as a raw material in the second nanocarbon generator 31, a relatively low temperature is around 800 ° C. Can be set. However, when a relatively large amount of pyrolysis gas obtained by pyrolyzing an organic substance is charged, it is necessary to set the temperature around 900 ° C., which is relatively high.

  The first nanocarbon generator 11 and the second nanocarbon generator 31 are compatible and can be used interchangeably, so that only the set temperature of each generator is matched to the conditions of the processing raw materials and the like. Therefore, it is possible to perform a unified design without designing each generation device in a different form. In addition, this enables compatibility of the first nanocarbon generation device 11 and the second nanocarbon generation device 31 in the nanocarbon generation system, simplification of the nanocarbon generation system, expansion of versatility, It is possible to improve the maintainability.

(Sixteenth embodiment)
A sixteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The present embodiment relates to a nanocarbon generation system that can be operated independently by selecting only one of the first nanocarbon generation apparatus 11 and the second nanocarbon generation apparatus 31. As shown in FIG. 8, the first nanocarbon generating device 11 and the second nanocarbon generating device 31 are independent of each other and can be operated independently.

  When the single nanocarbon generator 11 alone is operated, unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator 11 are supplied, for example, as fuel for the heating burner of the thermal decomposition apparatus. In addition, the combustion gas is used as a heating source for the first nanocarbon generation device 11 as well as a heating source for the pyrolysis device 51. Alternatively, unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generation device 11 are supplied to the second nanocarbon generation device 31 by supplying the unreacted hydrocarbons as fuel for a heating burner of a heating furnace of another system. Even if it does not supply, it is possible to perform the independent operation only of the 1st nanocarbon production | generation apparatus 11. FIG. A line for introducing the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis device 51 as a raw material of the first nanocarbon generating device 11 is also installed, and the raw material introduced from the raw material charging hopper 12 together with the raw material introduced into the first nanocarbon generating device 11 has a low temperature level. To produce nanocarbon.

  On the other hand, when performing the independent operation of only the second nanocarbon generating device 31, for example, the oil is supplied from the raw material charging hopper 55 that inputs oil from the upper part of the second nanocarbon generating device 31, and the oil is supplied here. Once the oil is stored, the oil quantitatively flows down to the lower oil and catalyst powder charging hopper 67 together with the catalyst powder for generating high-temperature nanocarbon. In this hopper 67, the oil and the catalyst powder are stirred, and a small amount of the catalyst powder is uniformly mixed in the oil without any spots. The uniformly mixed oil mixed with the catalyst powder is sprayed into the second nanocarbon generating device 31 from the high temperature level nanocarbon generating oil spray nozzle via the oil and the catalyst powder supply pipe 68. Alternatively, by supplying the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis device 51 to the second nanocarbon generation device 31, only the second nanocarbon generation device 31 can be used without supplying unreacted hydrocarbons. It is possible to drive.

  Thus, since only the first nanocarbon generating device 11 and the second nanocarbon generating device 31 can be selected and operated independently, it is possible to perform an independent operation that matches the properties of the nanocarbon to be generated. This makes it possible to simplify the operation of the nanocarbon generation system, increase versatility, improve maintenance, and the like.

(Seventeenth embodiment)
A seventeenth embodiment (corresponding to claim 16) will be described. The present embodiment is characterized in that the heating source of the first nanocarbon generating device and the second nanocarbon generating device is an electric heater, and the respective set temperatures are controlled by the properties of the input raw materials (liquid, gas). . The above-described FIGS. 1 to 8 can be applied to this embodiment. As described for the general flow up to now, the temperature control of the first nanocarbon generating device and the second nanocarbon generating device is extremely important for producing good quality and stable nanocarbon.

  The heating source of the first nanocarbon generating device and the second nanocarbon generating device is an electric heater, and the set temperatures can be set in a short time by finely controlling the set temperatures according to the properties of the raw materials (liquid and gas). Temperature control that follows is possible. Thereby, nanocarbon can be stably produced | generated by each of a 1st nanocarbon production | generation apparatus and a 2nd nanocarbon production | generation apparatus.

  In addition, unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator, surplus hydrocarbons discharged from the second nanocarbon generator, etc., as fuel for the burner for heating in the thermal decomposition apparatus or heating furnace of another system Even when the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator are heated using the combustion gas supplied, it can be set in a short time by using an electric heater as a heating source. Temperature control following the temperature becomes possible. Thereby, nanocarbon can be stably produced | generated by each of a 1st nanocarbon production | generation apparatus and a 2nd nanocarbon production | generation apparatus.

(Eighteenth embodiment)
An eighteenth embodiment (corresponding to claim 17) will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the generator is operated using unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from the second nanocarbon generator as fuel, and the generated electricity is supplied to the second nanocarbon generator and the first nanocarbon generator. Each of the electric heaters can be a power source. However, the same members as those in FIGS.

  Reference numeral 71 in FIG. 9 indicates a generator. The generator 71 is electrically connected to the first nanocarbon generator 11 and the second nanocarbon generator 31. As shown in FIG. 9, unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from the second nanocarbon generating device 31 are supplied as fuel to the generator 71 via the surplus hydrocarbon supply pipe 72.

The generator 71 generates power using this unreacted surplus hydrocarbon as fuel. Unreacted surplus hydrocarbons may fluctuate in calories, and city gas and propane gas may be supplied as auxiliary gas for the generator 61 as a backup. The electricity generated by the generator 71 is supplied as power for the electric heater of the first nanocarbon generating device 11 and power for the electric heater of the second nanocarbon generating device 31. In addition, the electricity generated by the generator 71 can be supplied as equipment in the nanocarbon generation system, power supply for the piping heater, etc., and power supply for equipment outside the nanocarbon generation system.

  Thus, the operation | movement which improved the system efficiency of a nanocarbon production | generation system can be performed by utilizing the unreacted surplus hydrocarbon discharged | emitted from a nanocarbon production | generation system, and generating electric power. Thereby, temperature control of the 1st nanocarbon production | generation apparatus 11 and the 2nd nanocarbon production | generation apparatus 31 can also be performed favorably.

(Nineteenth embodiment)
A nineteenth embodiment (corresponding to claim 18) will be described with reference to FIG. In the embodiment, when only one of the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator is operated, unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from any nanocarbon generator are used as fuel. The generator is operated, and the generated electricity can be used as a power source for an electric heater of any nanocarbon generating device. In addition, the same member as FIGS. 1-9 attaches | subjects the same number, and abbreviate | omits description.

  In FIG. 10, when only the first nanocarbon generating device 11 is operated, the generator 71 is operated using unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generating device 11 as fuel, When only the nanocarbon generating device 31 is operated, the generator is operated using unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from the second nanocarbon generating device 31 as fuel. The generator 71 generates electricity using each unreacted surplus hydrocarbon as fuel.

  Unreacted surplus hydrocarbons may fluctuate in calories, and city gas and propane gas may be supplied as auxiliary combustion gas for the generator 71 as a backup. The electricity generated by the generator 71 is supplied to either the electric heater power source of the first nanocarbon generating device 11 or the electric heater power source of the second nanocarbon generating device 31. In addition to this, the electricity generated by the generator 71 can be supplied as a power source for equipment in the nanocarbon generation system, a power source for a pipe heater, etc., and a power source for equipment outside the nanocarbon generation system.

  Thus, even when only one of the first nanocarbon generating device 11 and the second nanocarbon generating device 31 operates, the unreacted surplus hydrocarbon discharged from the nanocarbon generating system is utilized. By generating electricity, it is possible to perform operation with improved system efficiency of the nanocarbon generation system. Thereby, even when only one of the first nanocarbon generating device 11 and the second nanocarbon generating device 31 is operated, temperature control of the first nanocarbon generating device 31 or the second nanocarbon generating device 31 is performed. Can be performed satisfactorily.

In the nineteenth embodiment, as an efficient heating method for the nanocarbon generation system having the first nanocarbon generation device and the second nanocarbon generation device, the following cases are given as well. It is done.
(1) The heating source of the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator is hot air so that the set temperatures can be controlled by the properties of the input raw materials (liquid and gas).
(2) The furnace burner is operated using unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from the second nanocarbon generator as fuel, and the generated hot air is sent to the first nanocarbon generator and the second nanocarbon generator. When using as a heating source.
(3) When only the first nanocarbon generator is operated, the furnace burner is operated using unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator as fuel, and the generated hot air is used as the first hot air. When making it possible to use as a heating source for the second nanocarbon generation device.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. Further, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, you may combine suitably the component covering different embodiment.

1 is a schematic flow diagram of a nanocarbon generation system corresponding to a first embodiment of the present invention. Explanatory drawing of the 1st, 2nd nanocarbon production | generation apparatus of the nanocarbon system of FIG. The schematic flowchart of the nanocarbon production | generation system corresponding to 2nd, 3rd, 4th embodiment of this invention. The schematic flowchart of the nanocarbon production | generation system corresponding to the 5th Embodiment of this invention. The schematic flowchart of the nanocarbon production | generation system corresponding to 6th, 7th, 8th embodiment of this invention. The schematic flowchart of the nanocarbon production | generation system corresponding to 9th-13th embodiment of this invention. The schematic flowchart of the nanocarbon production | generation system corresponding to the 14th Embodiment of this invention. The schematic flowchart of the nanocarbon production | generation system corresponding to 15th * 16th embodiment of this invention. The general | schematic flowchart of the nanocarbon production | generation system corresponding to the 18th Embodiment of this invention. The schematic flowchart of the nanocarbon production | generation system corresponding to 19th Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the method of manufacturing a carbon nanotube using a vapor phase growth substrate method. Explanatory drawing of the method of manufacturing a carbon nanotube using a fluid gas phase method.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Low temperature level 1st nano carbon production | generation apparatus, 12 ... Raw material injection | throwing-in hopper, 13 ... Raw material supply piping, 14 ... 1st collection | recovery container, 15, 35 ... Reheating furnace container, 16, 36 ... Conical metal substrate, 17, 37 ... Substrate heater (heating source), 31 ... Second high-temperature nanocarbon generator, 41 ... Excess hydrocarbon supply pipe, 42 ... Unreacted hydrocarbon supply pipe, 51 ... Pyrolysis apparatus, 52 ... Pyrolysis residue collection container, 53 ... Pyrolysis gas supply pipe, 54 ... Pyrolysis residue supply pipe, 61, 62 ... Hydrogen supply pipe, 63, 64 ... Steam supply pipe, 65 ... Catalyst supply pipe, 66 ... Oil injection hopper, 67 ... Oil and catalyst charging hopper, 68 ... Oil and catalyst powder supply piping, 71 ... Generator, 72 ... Excess hydrocarbon supply piping.

Claims (21)

In nanocarbon generation using organic matter as a raw material, a first nanocarbon generation device at a low temperature level and a second nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level in which the internal temperature is set to be equal to or higher than the internal set temperature in the first nanocarbon generation device A device,
Nanocarbon generation is performed in two stages: nanocarbon generation at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level.
By collecting unreacted hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator into the second nanocarbon generator, it is possible to recover both nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level and nanocarbon generated at a high temperature level. Characteristic nanocarbon generation system. In nanocarbon generation using organic matter as a raw material, a first nanocarbon generation device at a low temperature level and a second nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level in which the internal temperature is set to be equal to or higher than the internal set temperature in the first nanocarbon generation device An apparatus, and a thermal decomposition apparatus for thermally decomposing organic raw materials,
Nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level by putting the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis in the pyrolysis apparatus into the second nanocarbon generation apparatus together with unreacted hydrocarbons discharged in the first nanocarbon generation apparatus, A nanocarbon production system that collects both nanocarbons produced at high temperatures. In nanocarbon generation using organic matter as a raw material, a first nanocarbon generation device at a low temperature level and a second nanocarbon generation at a high temperature level in which the internal temperature is set to be equal to or higher than the internal set temperature in the first nanocarbon generation device An apparatus, and a thermal decomposition apparatus for thermally decomposing organic raw materials,
Nanocarbon generated at a low temperature level by putting the pyrolysis residue generated by thermal decomposition in the thermal decomposition apparatus into the second nanocarbon generation apparatus together with unreacted hydrocarbons discharged in the first nanocarbon generation apparatus, A nanocarbon production system that collects both nanocarbons produced at high temperatures. The internal set temperature of the nanocarbon generator in the first nanocarbon generator is set to 500 to 800 ° C., and the set internal temperature of the nanocarbon generator in the second nanocarbon generator is set to 800 to 1200 ° C. The nanocarbon generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. The nanocarbon generation system according to claim 1, wherein hydrogen is added to each of the first nanocarbon generation apparatus and the second nanocarbon generation apparatus. 6. The nanocarbon generation system according to claim 1, wherein water vapor is added to each of the first nanocarbon generation apparatus and the second nanocarbon generation apparatus. The nanocarbon generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a catalyst is added to a raw material charged into each of the first nanocarbon generation apparatus and the second nanocarbon generation apparatus. The nanocarbon generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a catalyst added to the first nanocarbon generation apparatus and the second nanocarbon generation apparatus are different from each other. The nano catalyst according to claim 8, wherein a Fe-based catalyst is added to the catalyst added to the first nanocarbon generating device, and a Ni-based catalyst is added to the catalyst added to the second nanocarbon generating device. Carbon generation system. The nanocarbon generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein oil is added to the second nanocarbon generation apparatus. 10. The nanocarbon generation system according to claim 1, wherein biomass oil is added to the second nanocarbon generation apparatus. 12. The nanocarbon generation system according to claim 11, wherein the biomass oil is an oil obtained by pyrolyzing wood, grass, garbage, sewage sludge and the like. 12. The nanocarbon generation system according to claim 11, wherein the biomass oil is oil obtained by methane fermentation of wood, grass, garbage, sewage sludge and the like. The organic raw materials to be charged into the pyrolyzer are wood, grass, garbage, sewage sludge, carbides (residues) obtained by pyrolyzing these, and carbides (residues) obtained by methane fermentation of these. nanocarbon generation system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the. The use application of the produced nanocarbon of the recovered nanocarbon obtained by the first nanocarbon production device and the recovered nanocarbon obtained by the second nanocarbon production device can be distinguished. The nanocarbon generation system according to any one of the above. The heating source of the first nanocarbon generation device and the second nanocarbon generation device is an electric heater, and each set temperature is controlled according to the properties of the input raw materials. The described nanocarbon generation system. The generator is operated using unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from the second nanocarbon generating device as fuel, and the generated electricity is supplied to the second nanocarbon generating device and the electric heater of the first nanocarbon generating device. The nanocarbon generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the nanocarbon generation system can be a power source. When only one of the first nanocarbon generating device and the second nanocarbon generating device is operated, a generator is operated using unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from any nanocarbon generating device as fuel. The nanocarbon generating system according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the nanocarbon generating system can operate and use the generated electricity as a power source of an electric heater of any nanocarbon generating device. The heating source of the first nanocarbon generating device and the second nanocarbon generating device is hot air, and each set temperature can be controlled by the properties of the input raw material (liquid, gas). The nanocarbon generation system according to any one of 1 to 18. The furnace burner is operated using unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from the second nanocarbon generator as fuel, and the generated hot air is used as the second nanocarbon generator and the first nanocarbon generator. The nanocarbon generation system according to claim 1, wherein the nanocarbon generation system can be used as a heating source. When only the first nanocarbon generator is operated, the furnace burner is operated using unreacted surplus hydrocarbons discharged from the first nanocarbon generator as fuel, and the generated hot air is used as the second hot air. 21. The nanocarbon generation system according to claim 1, wherein the nanocarbon generation apparatus can be used as a heating source of the first nanocarbon generation apparatus.

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