JP5296476B2 - Surveying method and surveying calculation device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply carry out an exact surveying for a short time, while employing the minimum number of persons including one. <P>SOLUTION: A surveying method using laser light is provided, in which a surveying operator 11 measures coordinates of respective survey points of an n-vertex polygon-shaped borderline (n is a natural number of two or more) where first survey point 1 to n-th survey point exist so as to be approximately planar, while passing through the respective survey points. In the surveying method, after an (n-1)-th target reflecting plate 13e is disposed on an arbitrary position of an (n-1)-th survey point n-1 being a previous point of the n-th survey point n, the surveying operator 11 moves to the n-th survey point n, and then the surveying operator 11 operates the laser light to be emitted from the n-th survey point n toward the (n-1)-th target reflecting plate 13e, thereby carrying out a surveying operation. A coordinate measurement in above surveying operation at the n-th survey point n is characterized in that data recorded so as to add 180 degrees to a direction angle, and an altitude angle is reversed from a positive value (+) to a negative value (-) or vice versa, are used for a surveying calculation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a survey method and a survey calculation device.

Conventionally, surveying methods aimed at improving the efficiency of this kind of work have installed a surveying device at the reference point, and in the surveying method that brings the target reflector for surveying to the survey point, the efficiency of the positioning of the target reflector and the target reflection Generally, the plate itself has a polyhedral structure (see, for example, Patent Document 1). When surveying alone, a polyhedral target reflector is installed at the reference point to reflect infrared or laser light from all directions, and two or more reference points are installed near the survey area. Then, measure and coordinate the distance and angle between the reference points in advance, install a reference device that reflects infrared rays from all directions on the reference point, and measure the distance on the measurement point. Install a ranger, select two points from the reference points, measure their distances, and determine the position of the point from a total of three sides: the distance from the reference point and the distance between the two sides of the reference point and the measuring point. A complicated and time-consuming work of obtaining has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
FIG. 6 shows an installation example of the surveying device 12 and the target reflector 13 in the conventional surveying described in Patent Document 1.
As shown in FIG. 6, generally, a target reflector 13 is installed at a measurement point, and a laser beam is emitted toward the target reflector 13 to measure the coordinates of each measurement point. FIG. 7 shows the structure of the target reflector 30 described in Patent Document 2. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, a target reflector 30 having a polyhedral structure that reflects infrared rays or laser beams from all directions is installed at a surveying reference point.
JP 2006-220476 A JP-A-5-141975

  However, in the conventional surveying method (Patent Document 1), it is necessary to bring the surveying target reflecting plate 13 first before the surveying point, no matter how devised the surveying target reflecting plate 13 is used. , It had the problem of requiring at least two people. In addition, although the conventional surveying method (Patent Document 2) enables surveying by one person, two or more reference points are set in the vicinity of the survey area, and the distance and angle between the reference points are set in advance. It was necessary to measure and coordinate, and there was a problem that it was never efficient considering the effort and time of preparation.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve a conventional problem and to provide a surveying method and a survey calculation apparatus capable of performing accurate surveying with a minimum number of people including one person in a short time.

The surveying method of the present invention according to claim 1 measures the coordinate data of each measurement point while the measurer passes the boundary line from the first measurement point to the nth measurement point. In a surveying method using a laser beam, the step of inputting the reference point coordinate data of the first survey point by the measurer, and the step of installing a first target reflector at the location of the first survey point; The step of moving the measurer to the second measuring point; and the coordinate of the second measuring point when the measurer emits a laser beam from the second measuring point toward the first target reflector. And the coordinates of the n-th station after the third station are placed at any location of the (n-1) station immediately before the n-th station. Installing the (n-1) th target reflector, and the measurer is the nth measuring point. And measuring the coordinates of the nth measurement point by irradiating a laser beam from the nth measurement point toward the (n-1) th target reflector . It is characterized by measuring .
As a result, even one measurer can proceed with the surveying work sequentially from the survey points near the boundary line of the survey target.
A surveying calculation apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention is a surveying calculation apparatus used in the surveying method according to the first aspect, wherein the coordinate data relating to the direction angle, the altitude angle, and the oblique distance is stored for each of the measurement points. Storage means, and a selection means for selecting whether the surveying direction is a forward direction or a reverse direction, and storing reverse direction data in the storage means at the measuring point where the reverse direction is selected by the selection means, The computing means for computing the boundary line using the coordinate data stored in the storage means adds 180 degrees to the direction angle for the reverse direction data, and reverses + and-for the altitude angle for surveying. It is characterized by performing an operation.
As a result, the survey data can be recorded as if the current station was surveyed from the previous station.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the surveying calculation apparatus according to the second aspect, the calculation means uses the measurement data of each measurement point as a trajectory from the first measurement point to the nth measurement point. It is characterized by using and automatically drawing.
Thus, the survey data can be recorded as if the current survey point was surveyed from the previous survey point by an easy method, and the measurer himself / herself can confirm his / her surveying work in real time.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a surveying calculation apparatus according to the present invention, in which a laser beam is irradiated from each of the measurement points A to N to a target reflector installed at a reference point to perform the N measurement from the A measurement point. A surveying calculation device used in a surveying method using a laser beam for measuring coordinate data of a point, the storage unit storing the coordinate data regarding a direction angle, an altitude angle, and an oblique distance for each of the survey points, and the surveying direction Selecting means for selecting whether the direction is the forward direction or the reverse direction, and in the measurement point where the reverse direction is selected by the selection means, the storage means stores reverse direction data, and the coordinates stored in the storage means In the calculation means for calculating the boundary line from the A station to the N station using data, 180 degrees is added to the direction angle for the reverse direction data, and + and-are reversed for the altitude angle. Surveying And performing calculation.
As a result, it is possible to record the survey data as if the current survey point was surveyed from the point where the target reflector is installed, while one measurer moves the scattered point.
The surveying method of the present invention according to claim 5 is a surveying method using the surveying calculation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein three or more reflecting plates are formed in a pyramid shape, a cylindrical shape or a spherical shape. Are set substantially at the center, and the respective stations from the A station to the N station are set in a radial pattern without overlapping.
As a result, it is possible to record the survey data as if the current survey point was surveyed from the point where the target reflector is installed, while one measurer moves the scattered point.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the survey calculation device according to the fourth aspect, the calculation means automatically calculates a trajectory from the A station to the N station using the measurement data of each station. It is characterized by drawing.
As a result, the surveying data is recorded in real time as if the current point was surveyed from the point where the target reflector was installed, while even one measurer moved the scattered points by an easy method. The measurer himself can confirm his surveying work.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the surveying method according to the first or fifth aspect , infrared light or ultrasonic waves is used instead of the laser beam.
This makes it possible to use other surveying devices that do not use a laser beam.

  By using the surveying method and surveying calculation apparatus of the present invention, accurate surveying can be performed in a short time with a minimum number of people including one.

The surveying method according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a step in which a measurer inputs reference point coordinate data of a first survey point, and a first target reflector is installed at the location of the first survey point. Measuring the coordinates of the second measuring point by irradiating a laser beam from the second measuring point toward the first target reflector. And the coordinates of the nth station after the third station are placed at the (n−) th point at an arbitrary position of the (n−1) th station immediately before the nth station. 1) a step of installing the target reflector, a step in which the measurer moves to the nth measurement point, and a measurer emits a laser beam from the nth measurement point toward the (n-1) th target reflector. and measures and measuring the coordinates of the measuring point of the n by irradiation. According to the present embodiment, when proceeding with surveying, a target reflector is first installed, and surveying is performed in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of surveying, so that one set of two people or three or more people Even if you are not a surveying team, you can perform surveying work by yourself.
The surveying calculation apparatus in the second embodiment of the present invention is a surveying calculation apparatus used in the first surveying method, and stores the coordinate data regarding the direction angle, altitude angle, and oblique distance for each survey point. And a selecting means for selecting whether the surveying direction is a forward direction or a reverse direction. At a measuring point whose reverse direction is selected by the selecting means, the backward direction data is stored in the storage means, and the coordinate data stored in the storage means In the calculation means for calculating the boundary line using, the survey data is calculated by adding 180 degrees to the direction angle for the reverse direction data and reversing + and-for the altitude angle. According to the present embodiment, when proceeding with surveying, a target reflector is first installed, and surveying is performed in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of surveying, so that one set of two people or three or more people Even if it is not a surveying team, surveying work can be carried out by one person, and data can be recorded so that surveying is performed in the forward direction toward the traveling direction.
According to a third embodiment of the present invention, in the surveying calculation apparatus according to the second embodiment, the calculation means uses the measurement data of each measurement point as the trajectory from the first measurement point to the nth measurement point. And automatically draw. According to the present embodiment, when proceeding with surveying, a target reflector is first installed, and surveying is performed in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of surveying, so that one set of two people or three or more people Even if it is not a surveying team, the surveying work can be carried out by one person, and the surveying work can be carried out while checking with the automatic boundary line drawing of the surveying calculation device.
The surveying calculation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention selects storage means for storing coordinate data regarding the direction angle, altitude angle, and oblique distance for each survey point, and selects whether the surveying direction is forward or reverse. And a selection line that stores reverse direction data in the storage means at the measurement points for which the reverse direction is selected by the selection means, and a boundary line from the A station to the N measurement points using the coordinate data stored in the storage means In the calculation means for calculating the reverse direction data, 180 degrees is added to the direction angle, and for the altitude angle, the survey calculation is performed by reversing + and-. According to this embodiment, when proceeding with surveying, a target reflector is installed in the approximate center in advance, and surveying is performed while moving the survey points scattered in a radial manner, so that one set or two of two people. Even if it is not a survey team of more than humans, the survey work can be carried out by one person, and the data is measured as if each survey point is scattered radially from the position of the target reflector installed at the approximate center. Can be recorded.
The surveying method according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is a surveying method using the fourth surveying calculation apparatus, and includes a reflector unit in which three or more reflectors are formed in a pyramid shape, a cylindrical shape or a spherical shape. It is installed at the approximate center, and each station from the A station to the N station is set radially without overlapping. According to the present embodiment, when conducting surveying, a polyhedral target reflector is installed in the approximate center in advance, and surveying is performed while moving the survey points scattered in a radial manner, so that one set of two people Or, even if it is not a survey team of 3 or more people, it is possible to carry out surveying work by one person, or to perform surveying work simultaneously by a plurality of people, and to be scattered radially from the position of the polyhedral target reflector installed in the approximate center Data can be recorded as if surveying each station.
According to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in the surveying calculation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment, the calculation means automatically draws the trajectory from the A station to the N station using the measurement data of each station. To do. According to the present embodiment, when conducting surveying, a polyhedral target reflector is installed in the approximate center in advance, and surveying is performed while moving the survey points scattered in a radial manner, so that one set of two people Or, even if it is not a survey team of three or more people, one person can proceed with the survey work, and survey each point scattered radially from the position of the polyhedral target reflector installed in the center. The data can be recorded as shown, and based on the recorded data, the surveying operation can proceed while confirming with the automatic boundary line drawing of the surveying calculation device.
The surveying method according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention uses infrared light or ultrasonic waves in place of the laser beam in the surveying method described in the first or fifth aspect. According to the present embodiment, the surveying work can be carried out by one person using another surveying apparatus that does not use a laser beam, even if the surveying team is not a pair of two persons or three or more persons. .

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a surveying method according to an embodiment of the present invention. A wavy line indicates a moving direction of the measurer, and a solid line indicates a surveying direction of the measurer. In this surveying method, the measurer 11 inputs the reference point coordinates of the first survey point 1 (S1), and the step of installing the first target reflector 13a at the location of the first survey point 1 ( S2), the step in which the measurer 11 moves to the second survey point 2 (S3), and the measurer 11 emits the laser beam from the surveying instrument 12 from the second survey point 2 toward the second target reflector 13b. Irradiating and measuring the coordinates of the second measuring point 2 (S4), and the coordinates of the nth measuring point after the third measuring point are the ones before the nth measuring point n. A step (S5) of installing the (n-1) th target reflector 13e at an arbitrary location of the (n-1) measuring point n-1, and a step of moving the measurer 11 to the nth measuring point n (S6) and the measurer 11 moves from the nth measurement point n toward the (n-1) th target reflector 13e. By applying a laser beam from the survey instrument 12 is measured at step (S7) for measuring the coordinates of the measuring point of the n, the more the number of stations work process (number of steps) but is increased, the measurer 11 is one person Boundary surveying and the like can be easily practiced by repeating the above S5 to S7.

In FIG. 1, target reflectors 13a to 13e are installed at the respective measuring points 1, 2, 3, 4, n-1, and n. However, in the present invention, a disposable reflective sheet is used, or reflective reflectors are used. It is premised that the paint that has been applied is used, and by applying this disposable reflective sheet and reflective paint, it is not necessary to collect the target reflector installed at the previous station. The measurer 11 can proceed with the surveying work more efficiently without going backward.
Although FIG. 1 shows a survey form on a line (polygon with an open side), the survey method according to the present embodiment is also used for a survey form having a loop-like (closed polygon) survey point. Is possible.

FIG. 2 shows the calculation logic of the surveying calculation device used for the surveying method in this example.
Although the first station 1 and the second station 2 in FIG. 1 are taken as an example and the first station 1 is surveyed from the second station 2, the survey result is the first. It is based on the following calculation that the data is recorded as if the second measuring point 2 was surveyed from the measuring point 1.
First, the direction angle when measuring the second measuring point 2 from the first measuring point 1 side is usually θ ₁ , and the reverse direction measurement (from the second measuring point 2 using the magnetic compass with north facing up) the direction angle in the case of the first survey the survey point 1) to theta _a. And the coordinates of the first station 1 and the second station 2 are respectively
First station coordinates: X = X ₁ Y = Y ₁
The coordinates of the second station: X = X ₂ Y = Y ₂
Then, θ ₁ obtained by the backward measurement is
θ ₁ = θ _a −180
So
The coordinates (X ₂ , Y ₂ ) of the second station 2 are
X ₂ = X ₁ + l ₁ sin θ ₁
Y ₂ = Y ₁ + l ₁ cos θ ₁
The value can be regarded as if surveyed by observing the first station 1 to the second station 2 in the forward direction.

  3 and 4 show a surveying method according to another embodiment of the present invention, where a wavy line indicates the direction of movement of the measurer, and a solid line indicates the direction of surveying by the measurer. In this surveying method, a laser beam is irradiated from the surveying device 12 toward the target reflector 30 installed at the reference point from each of the survey points A to N 24 scattered in a substantially planar manner. A surveying form is shown in which coordinates (direction angle, altitude angle, and oblique distance) are measured sequentially from point 21 to N point 24, for example, B point 22 and C point 23, or in any order. . FIG. 4 shows a measurement theory in which the direction angle is added 180 degrees and the altitude angle is calculated and recorded by reversing + and − at the time of measurement from each of the measurement points 21, 22, 23 and 24.

In FIG. 4, although the target reflector 30 at the reference point is surveyed from the A survey point 21, the survey result is recorded as if the A survey point 21 was surveyed from the target reflector 30 at the reference point. Is based on the following calculation.
To determine the coordinates X _p of A survey point, than the magnetic compass measurements theta _'a in First A stations,
θ _a = θ ′ _a +180
By, seek θ _a. Since the coordinates X _p of the reverse measurement target reflector 30 of the reference point obtained in advance is known,
X _a = X _P + l _a sin θ _a
The value can be regarded as if it was measured by observing the A measuring point 21 in the forward direction from the target reflector 30 at the reference point.
Further, when the magnetic compass measurement value θ′b is larger than 180 degrees as in the B measurement point and becomes a value exceeding 360 degrees by adding 180 degrees, θb is calculated by subtracting 360 degrees. Therefore, Xb can be obtained from the value of θb in the same manner as Xa. Thereafter, reverse measurement is performed at the C and N stations in the same procedure.
In addition, the reflector device installed at a substantially center uses a polygonal pyramid or cylindrical reflector having three or more planes, so that even a single measurer or a plurality of measurers can have a substantially center. It is not necessary to adjust the reflection direction of the reflecting plate device, and the surveying work can be carried out more effectively.

FIG. 5 shows an operation screen of the surveying calculation apparatus in the present embodiment. In FIG. 5, the automatic mode surveying is extracted and described.
・ Procedure 1 (Reverse Direction Observation Screen 51)
Press the reverse button 511.
・ Procedure 2 (Reverse Observation Screen 52)
If the surveying instrument is in the standby state and the measurer is good, press "Yes 521".
・ Procedure 3 (Reverse Observation Screen 53)
The target point is displayed in red 531 and changed to the forward direction display 532 for the reverse direction display.
・ Procedure 4 (Reverse Observation Screen 54)
In the above automatic mode, 541 is displayed during reverse observation. Further, the connection is automatically made (542). In addition, since the displayed observation values of the surveying instrument are converted to forward observation values and displayed and recorded, even a measurer who is not familiar with surveying can continue working without being confused by the screen display.

A surveying calculation device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a storage unit that stores coordinate data relating to a direction angle, an altitude angle, and an oblique distance for each station, and a selection unit that selects whether the surveying direction is a forward direction or a reverse direction. , And the reverse direction data is stored in the storage means at the measurement point whose reverse direction is selected by the selection means, and the boundary line from the A measurement point to the N measurement point is calculated using the coordinate data stored in the storage means. The calculation means adds 180 degrees to the direction angle for the reverse direction data and reverses + and-for the altitude angle to perform the survey calculation. According to the present embodiment, when proceeding with surveying, a target reflector is first installed, and surveying is performed in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of surveying. Even if it is not a team, the surveying work can be carried out by one person and the data can be recorded so that the surveying is performed in the forward direction toward the traveling direction.
Further, the calculation means automatically draws a locus from the first measurement point to the nth measurement point using the measurement data of each measurement point. According to the present embodiment, when proceeding with surveying, a target reflector is first installed, and surveying is performed in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of surveying. Even if it is not a team, the surveying work can be carried out by one person, and the surveying work can be carried out while checking with the automatic boundary line drawing of the surveying calculation device.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a surveying calculation apparatus includes a storage unit that stores coordinate data relating to a direction angle, an altitude angle, and an oblique distance for each station, and a selection unit that selects whether the surveying direction is a forward direction or a reverse direction. And the calculation means for calculating the boundary line using the coordinate data stored in the storage means at the measuring point for which the reverse direction is selected by the selection means. Adds 180 degrees to the directional angle and reverses + and-for the altitude angle to perform surveying calculations. According to the present embodiment, when proceeding with surveying, a target reflector is installed in the approximate center in advance, and surveying is performed while moving the survey points scattered in a radial manner, so that one set of two people or three people Even if it is not the above surveying team, the surveying work can be carried out by one person, and data is recorded so that each of the surveying points scattered radially from the position of the target reflector installed in the center is recorded. can do.
Further, the computing means automatically draws the locus from the A station to the N station using the measurement data of each station. According to the present embodiment, in order to proceed with surveying, a polyhedral target reflector is installed in the approximate center in advance, and by performing surveying while moving the survey points scattered radially, one set of two people or Even if it is not a survey team of three or more people, one person can proceed with surveying work, and survey each point scattered radially from the position of the polyhedral target reflector installed in the center. Thus, the surveying operation can be carried out while confirming with the automatic boundary line drawing of the surveying calculation apparatus based on the recorded data.
The special function instruction means such as the reverse button for realizing the survey method of the present invention in the survey calculation apparatus of the present invention is displayed on the screen of a touch panel or the like by the survey support program stored in the survey calculation apparatus. Alternatively, it may be a mechanical switch mounted as hardware on the surveying calculation device.
In addition, the surveying calculation device of the present invention installs the target reflector and proceeds to the next measurement point, thinking that the measurer is the best place where the line of sight is effective from the next measurement point. If the target reflector is not visible when viewed, it has an offset measuring means that moves to the left and right to find and measure a place where the target reflector can be seen.
Moreover, it has a height correction means which correct | amends heights, such as a target reflector and a measurer's height. In particular, this is an effective function when the measurement is performed by a plurality of persons in the case of observing the reverse direction radially as shown in the third embodiment. This is because the target height is fixed when the height difference (correctly the eye height) of the worker is different. Therefore, the difference between the target reflector and the eye height is added to the calculation, and error correction is performed. The horizontal distance is calculated.
As described above, when the surveying calculation apparatus of the present invention is used, even a single measurer or a plurality of measurers can perform a correct survey by a simple instrument operation.

  As described above, according to the surveying method and surveying calculation apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently perform surveying with a small number of people including one person with simple operations. It can be applied to surveying work according to various types of surveying from small to large scale, such as environmental surveying for the purpose of ecological survey.

The figure which shows the surveying method in one Example of this invention The figure which shows the theory of the surveying method in a present Example The figure which shows the surveying method in the other Example of this invention. The figure which shows the theory of the surveying method in a present Example The figure which shows the operation screen of the survey calculation apparatus in a present Example Diagram showing conventional surveying method The figure which shows the target reflector apparatus used with the same surveying method

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st measuring point 2 2nd measuring point 11 Measurer 12 Surveying device 13a 1st target reflecting plate 13b 2nd target reflecting plate 13c 3rd target reflecting plate 13d 4th target reflecting plate 13e 1st (n -1) Target reflector 21 A station 22 B station 23 C station 24 N station 30 Polyhedral target reflector 51 Reverse direction observation screen 52 Reverse direction observation screen 53 Reverse direction observation screen 54 Reverse direction observation screen 511 Reverse observation button 521 Reverse recording start button 531 Target point display 532 Forward observation display 541 Reverse direction observation display 542 Connection display

Claims (7)

In a surveying method using a laser beam that measures coordinate data of each measurement point while the measurement person passes through each measurement point on a boundary line from the first measurement point to the nth measurement point, the measurement person The step of inputting reference point coordinate data of the first station, the step of installing a first target reflector at the location of the first station, and the measurer moving to the second station to the step, it consists of a step of the measurer measures the first toward the target reflector by irradiating a laser beam of the second measuring point coordinates from the second measuring point, the third measurement of The (n-1) th target reflector is installed at an arbitrary position of the (n-1) th station immediately before the nth station, with the coordinates of the nth station after the point. The step of moving the measurer to the n-th measuring point, and the measurer Surveying method and measuring and measuring the said first n said first (n-1) by irradiating a laser beam toward the target reflector measuring point of the n-th coordinate from measuring point.   It is a surveying calculation apparatus used for the surveying method of Claim 1, Comprising: The memory | storage means which memorize | stores the said coordinate data regarding a directional angle, an altitude angle, and a diagonal distance for every said measuring point, The said surveying direction is a forward direction or reverse A selection means for selecting whether the direction is selected, and at the measuring point where the reverse direction is selected by the selection means, reverse direction data is stored in the storage means, and the coordinate data stored in the storage means is used to store the reverse direction data. An operation means for calculating a boundary line performs a survey operation by adding 180 degrees to the direction angle for the backward direction data and reversing + and-for the altitude angle.   3. The survey calculation device according to claim 2, wherein the calculation means automatically draws a trajectory from the first measurement point to the nth measurement point using measurement data of each measurement point. . A surveying method using a laser beam that measures the coordinate data of the N station from the A station by irradiating a laser beam from each of the A station to the N station toward the target reflector installed at the reference point. A storage means for storing the coordinate data regarding the direction angle, altitude angle, and oblique distance for each of the measurement points, and a selection means for selecting whether the survey direction is a forward direction or a reverse direction. In the measurement point where the reverse direction is selected by the selection unit, the reverse direction data is stored in the storage unit, and the coordinate data stored in the storage unit is used to perform the measurement from the A measurement point to the N measurement point. the calculation means for calculating a boundary line up, the the reverse data adds 180 degrees in the direction angle, for advanced angle + and - surveying computation device and performing to surveying operation reversed   A surveying method using the surveying calculation device according to claim 4, wherein a reflector unit in which three or more reflectors are formed in a pyramid shape, a cylindrical shape or a spherical shape is installed substantially at the center, and from the A survey point A surveying method, characterized in that the stations up to the N stations are set radially without overlapping.   5. The survey calculation device according to claim 4, wherein the calculation means automatically draws a trajectory from the A station to the N station using the measurement data of each station. 6. The surveying method according to claim 1 , wherein infrared light or ultrasonic waves are used in place of the laser beam.