JP5296407B2 - Fuel pump - Google Patents

Fuel pump Download PDF

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JP5296407B2
JP5296407B2 JP2008103798A JP2008103798A JP5296407B2 JP 5296407 B2 JP5296407 B2 JP 5296407B2 JP 2008103798 A JP2008103798 A JP 2008103798A JP 2008103798 A JP2008103798 A JP 2008103798A JP 5296407 B2 JP5296407 B2 JP 5296407B2
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pump
recess
pump cylinder
plunger
fuel
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JP2008274934A (en
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トルステン・グリツコー
シュテファン・ハース
トーマス・ハーマン
ヴィルフリート・カウフマン
ルートヴィヒ・マイアー
ホルガー・シャー
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エムアーエヌ・ディーゼル・エスエー
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/442—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston means preventing fuel leakage around pump plunger, e.g. fluid barriers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/04—Draining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/102—Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0001—Fuel-injection apparatus with specially arranged lubricating system, e.g. by fuel oil

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel pump, especially a high pressure fuel pump for the common rail fuel system, comprising a pump pillar plug (13) guiding in a pump pillar body (11); at least one leaking groove (15, 16) is configured in the area of the groove of the pump pillar plug (13) in the pump pillar body (11); the fuel leakage between the pump pillar body (11) and the pump pillar plug (13) can be exhausted by the leaking groove; according to the invention, the leaking groove or each leaking groove (15, 16) can be arranged in the pump pillar body (11) positioning the leaking groove or each leaking groove (15, 16) at the one third position at the lower part of the groove (12) of the pump pillar body (11).

Description

本発明は燃料ポンプ、特に請求項１のおいて書きに記載のコモンレール燃料システムの高圧燃料ポンプに関する。   The invention relates to a fuel pump, in particular to a high-pressure fuel pump of a common rail fuel system as described in claim 1.

燃料ポンプには、ポンプシリンダが備えられており、該ポンプシリンダ内にはプランジャが動作可能な態様で収容またはガイドされている。プランジャは、１または複数のカムによりポンプシリンダ内において上下に動き、それにより燃料が吸引されて燃料ポンプから消費側、例えば燃料システムのインジェクションバルブに供給される。   The fuel pump is provided with a pump cylinder, and a plunger is accommodated or guided in the pump cylinder in an operable manner. The plunger moves up and down in the pump cylinder by one or more cams, whereby fuel is sucked and supplied from the fuel pump to the consumption side, for example, an injection valve of the fuel system.

実用的に知られている燃料ポンプには、プランジャが動作可能な態様で収容またはガイドされているポンプシリンダの領域に、ポンプシリンダとプランジャとの間に生じる燃料漏れを燃料システム内または漏れリターン配管に回収するための１または複数の漏回収溝が設けられている。実用的に知られている燃料ポンプでは、漏回収溝は、プランジャのガイドとして機能するポンプシリンダのリセスの領域内に、上側の漏回収溝または高圧室から見て最初の漏回収溝が該リセスの上部領域内に位置するように配置される。   Fuel pumps that are known in practice include fuel leaks that occur between the pump cylinder and the plunger in the area of the pump cylinder where the plunger is housed or guided in an operable manner in the fuel system or in a leak return line. One or a plurality of leakage recovery grooves are provided for recovery. In fuel pumps known in practice, the leak recovery groove is in the area of the recess of the pump cylinder, which serves as a guide for the plunger, and the first leak recovery groove as viewed from the upper or high pressure chamber is the recess. It arrange | positions so that it may be located in the upper area | region.

燃料ポンプが、特に重油または軽油で運転する燃料システムで使用される場合、ニス状付着物と呼ばれる燃料ポンプ堆積物がプランジャとポンプシリンダとの間のガイド領域に形成され、それによりプランジャとポンプシリンダとの間のガイド遊びが狭まってピストンのジャミングを起こす可能性がある。   When fuel pumps are used, particularly in fuel systems operating with heavy or light oil, fuel pump deposits called varnish deposits are formed in the guide area between the plunger and pump cylinder, thereby causing the plunger and pump cylinder There is a possibility that the guide play between the pistons will be narrowed and piston jamming will occur.

本発明の課題は、ニス状付着物形成の危険を低減する新規の燃料ポンプを提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide a novel fuel pump that reduces the risk of varnish deposit formation.

この課題は、請求項１に記載の燃料ポンプにより解決される。本発明では、該漏回収溝または各漏回収溝は、該漏回収溝または各漏回収溝がポンプシリンダのリセスの下１／３以内に位置するように、ポンプシリンダ内に配置される。   This problem is solved by the fuel pump according to claim 1. In the present invention, the leakage collection groove or each leakage collection groove is disposed in the pump cylinder such that the leakage collection groove or each leakage collection groove is located within 1/3 of the recess of the pump cylinder.

本発明では、該漏回収溝または各漏回収溝は、プランジャのガイドとして機能するポンプシリンダのリセスの下１／３以内に配置される。それにより、燃料ポンプの供給フェーズ中に生じる高圧の結果として起こるポンプシリンダの拡張がより広い領域に広がるために、ポンプシリンダのより広い領域に燃料が勢いよく行き渡り、漏れ燃料がガイド領域内または、プランジャとポンプシリンダとの間にあるシールギャップ内に滞留することがない。それにより、従来の技術と比較して、ニス状付着物形成の危険を大幅に減らすことができる。   In the present invention, the leakage collection groove or each leakage collection groove is disposed within 1/3 of the recess of the pump cylinder functioning as a guide for the plunger. Thereby, the pump cylinder expansion that occurs as a result of the high pressure that occurs during the fuel pump feed phase spreads over a wider area, so that the fuel spreads over a wider area of the pump cylinder and the leaked fuel is in the guide area or There is no stagnation in the seal gap between the plunger and the pump cylinder. Thereby, compared with the prior art, the risk of varnish deposit formation can be greatly reduced.

本発明の好適な発展形において、ポンプシリンダのリセスの領域に少なくとも２つの漏回収溝、すなわち上側の漏回収溝と下側の漏回収溝とが設けられており、このとき、上側の漏回収溝と下側の漏回収溝のとの距離は、プランジャの直径の０．１５〜１．４倍の間の範囲にあり、また、上側の漏回収溝とポンプシリンダのリセスの下の境界との距離は、最大でリセスの軸方向長さの０．３３倍に相当し、また、下側の漏回収溝とポンプシリンダのリセスの下の境界との距離は、最大でプランジャの直径の１．０倍に相当する。   In a preferred development of the invention, at least two leak recovery grooves are provided in the recess area of the pump cylinder, namely an upper leak recovery groove and a lower leak recovery groove, wherein the upper leak recovery groove is provided. The distance between the groove and the lower leakage recovery groove is in the range between 0.15 and 1.4 times the plunger diameter, and the upper leakage recovery groove and the lower boundary of the pump cylinder recess Is equivalent to 0.33 times the axial length of the recess at the maximum, and the distance between the lower leakage recovery groove and the lower boundary of the pump cylinder recess is at most 1 of the plunger diameter. Corresponds to 0 times.

本発明の好適な発展形は、従属請求項及び以下の説明から理解できる。以下に本発明の実施例について、図を用いてさらに詳しく説明するが、これに限定されるわけではない。   Preferred developments of the invention can be seen from the dependent claims and the following description. Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

図１は、本発明の第１の実施例による燃料ポンプ１０の横断面図であって、図１の燃料ポンプ１０には、ポンプシリンダ１１及び、ポンプシリンダ１１のリセス１２内に動作可能な態様で支承またはガイドされたプランジャ１３が設けられている。図１においてプランジャ１３は、カム１４を介して制御された状態でポンプシリンダ１１内において上下に運動可能であり、ポンプシリンダ１１内におけるプランジャ１３のこの動作により燃料が吸引されて消費側の方向に供給できる。   FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel pump 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The fuel pump 10 of FIG. 1 includes a pump cylinder 11 and a mode operable in a recess 12 of the pump cylinder 11. A plunger 13 supported or guided by is provided. In FIG. 1, the plunger 13 can move up and down in the pump cylinder 11 in a state controlled via the cam 14, and fuel is sucked by this operation of the plunger 13 in the pump cylinder 11 to move toward the consumption side. Can supply.

プランジャ１３がガイドされているポンプシリンダ１１のリセス１１には、少なくとも１つの漏回収溝が設けられている。図１に図示された実施例において、リセス１２の領域には、２つの漏回収溝１５、１６がポンプシリンダ１１内に設けられている。ポンプシリンダ１１とプランジャ１３との間に生じた燃料漏れは、漏回収溝１５、１６を介して燃料供給システムに、及び／または、圧抜きされて漏回収配管に、回収可能である。図１によると、漏れた燃料は漏回収溝１５、１６から、漏れライン１７、１８を介して回収可能である。   The recess 11 of the pump cylinder 11 in which the plunger 13 is guided is provided with at least one leakage recovery groove. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, two leak recovery grooves 15, 16 are provided in the pump cylinder 11 in the region of the recess 12. The fuel leakage generated between the pump cylinder 11 and the plunger 13 can be recovered to the fuel supply system via the leakage recovery grooves 15 and 16 and / or to the leakage recovery pipe after being depressurized. According to FIG. 1, the leaked fuel can be recovered from the leak recovery grooves 15, 16 via the leak lines 17, 18.

図１によると、ポンプシリンダ１１内においてプランジャ１３がガイドされているリセス１２の軸方向の長さはＬである。プランジャ１３の直径はｄである。本発明において、漏回収溝１５、１６は、これら２つの漏回収溝１５、１６が、ポンプシリンダ１１のリセス１２の下１／３以内に位置するようにポンプシリンダ１１内に配置されている。それにより、２つの漏回収溝１５、１６は、カム１４を介して開始した運動の際にプランジャ１３がガイドされるポンプシリンダ１１のリセス１２の部分の下１／３以内に位置する。   According to FIG. 1, the axial length of the recess 12 in which the plunger 13 is guided in the pump cylinder 11 is L. The diameter of the plunger 13 is d. In the present invention, the leak recovery grooves 15 and 16 are disposed in the pump cylinder 11 so that the two leak recovery grooves 15 and 16 are located within the lower third of the recess 12 of the pump cylinder 11. Thereby, the two leak recovery grooves 15, 16 are located within the lower third of the recess 12 portion of the pump cylinder 11 in which the plunger 13 is guided during the movement started via the cam 14.

そのため、高圧室から見て最初の漏回収溝である上側の漏回収溝１５と、リセス１２の下の境界１９との距離ＸＯは、最大でリセス１２の軸方向長さＬの０．３３倍となる。 Therefore, the distance X O between the upper leakage recovery groove 15 which is the first leakage recovery groove when viewed from the high pressure chamber and the lower boundary 19 of the recess 12 is 0.33 which is the axial length L of the recess 12 at the maximum. Doubled.

高圧室から見て最初の漏回収溝である上側の漏回収溝１５と、高圧室から見て最後の漏回収溝である下側の漏回収溝１６との距離ΔＸは、プランジャ１３の直径ｄの０．１５〜１．４倍の範囲にある。   The distance ΔX between the upper leakage recovery groove 15 that is the first leakage recovery groove when viewed from the high pressure chamber and the lower leakage recovery groove 16 that is the last leakage recovery groove when viewed from the high pressure chamber is the diameter d of the plunger 13. Is in the range of 0.15 to 1.4 times.

高圧室から見て最後の漏回収溝である下側の漏回収溝１６と、リセス１２の下の境界１９との距離ＸＵは、最大で、プランジャ１３の直径ｄの１．０倍である。 And lower leakage recovery groove 16 is the last leakage recovery groove when viewed from the high pressure chamber, the distance X U between the boundary 19 under the recess 12, the maximum is 1.0 times the diameter d of the plunger 13 .

図１の実施例において、下側の漏回収溝１６と、リセス１２の下の境界１９との間には、シール要素が配置されておらず、下側の漏回収溝１６とセス１２の下の境界１９との距離ＸＵは、最大でプランジャ１３の直径ｄの０．４５倍である。 In the embodiment of FIG. 1, no sealing element is disposed between the lower leakage recovery groove 16 and the lower boundary 19 of the recess 12, and the distance X U between the boundary 19 of a 0.45 times the diameter d of the plunger 13 at maximum.

これに対して、図２のように、下側の漏回収溝１６と燃料ポンプ２０のポンプシリンダ１１のリセス１２の下の境界１９との間にシール要素２１が位置している場合、下側の漏回収溝１６とリセス１２の下の境界１９との距離ＸＵは、最大でプランジャの直径ｄの１．０倍である。 On the other hand, when the sealing element 21 is located between the lower leakage recovery groove 16 and the lower boundary 19 of the recess 12 of the pump cylinder 11 of the fuel pump 20 as shown in FIG. the distance X U with leak recovery groove 16 and the boundary 19 under the recess 12 of a 1.0 times the plunger diameter d at maximum.

図２の実施例において、燃料ポンプ２０のポンプシリンダ１１内には、下側の漏回収溝１６の下方にシール要素２１が組み込まれており、該シール要素２１は、例えばプランジャ１３の外側表面から燃料を掻き取ることができる掻取要素とすることができる。   In the embodiment of FIG. 2, a seal element 21 is incorporated in the pump cylinder 11 of the fuel pump 20 below the lower leakage collecting groove 16, and the seal element 21 is, for example, from the outer surface of the plunger 13. It can be a scraping element that can scrape off the fuel.

本発明による燃料ポンプの原理により、従来の技術により知られた燃料ポンプと比較して、プランジャ１３とポンプシリンダ１１との間にニス状付着物が形成される危険を低減できる。   Due to the principle of the fuel pump according to the invention, the risk of varnish deposits being formed between the plunger 13 and the pump cylinder 11 can be reduced compared to fuel pumps known from the prior art.

本発明の第１の実施例における本発明の燃料ポンプの横断面の図である。It is a figure of the cross section of the fuel pump of this invention in the 1st Example of this invention. 本発明の第２の実施例における本発明の燃料ポンプの横断面の図である。It is a figure of the cross section of the fuel pump of this invention in the 2nd Example of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 燃料ポンプ
１１ ポンプシリンダ
１２ リセス
１３ プランジャ
１４ カム
１５ 上側の漏回収溝
１６ 下側の漏回収溝
１７ 漏ライン
１８ 漏ライン
１９ 境界
２０ 燃料ポンプ
２１ シール要素 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fuel pump 11 Pump cylinder 12 Recess 13 Plunger 14 Cam 15 Upper leak recovery groove 16 Lower leak recovery groove 17 Leak line 18 Leak line 19 Boundary 20 Fuel pump 21 Seal element

Claims (4)

ポンプシリンダ内にガイドされたプランジャを備えた燃料ポンプ、特にコモンレール燃料システムの高圧燃料ポンプであって、プランジャがガイドされるポンプシリンダのリセスの領域において、ポンプシリンダとプランジャとの間に生じる燃料漏れを回収できる少なくとも１つの漏回収溝が形成されている燃料ポンプにおいて、
前記漏回収溝または各漏回収溝（１５、１６）は、前記ポンプシリンダ（１１）の前記リセス（１２）の下１／３以内に当該漏回収溝または各漏回収溝（１５、１６）が位置するように前記ポンプシリンダ（１１）内に配置され、
前記漏回収溝または各漏回収溝（１５、１６）は、１または複数のカム（１４）を介して開始した運動の際にプランジャ（１３）がガイドされる前記ポンプシリンダ（１１）の前記リセス（１２）の部分の下１／３以内に位置し、
前記ポンプシリンダ（１１）の前記リセス（１２）の領域には、少なくとも２つの前記漏回収溝、すなわち上側の漏回収溝（１５）と下側の漏回収溝（１６）とが形成されており、
前記上側の漏回収溝（１５）と前記下側の漏回収溝（１６）との間の距離が、前記プランジャ（１３）の直径の０．１５〜１．４倍の範囲にあることを特徴とする燃料ポンプ。 A fuel pump with a plunger guided in a pump cylinder, in particular a high pressure fuel pump of a common rail fuel system, in the region of the recess of the pump cylinder in which the plunger is guided, fuel leakage occurring between the pump cylinder and the plunger In the fuel pump in which at least one leakage recovery groove capable of recovering
The leakage collection groove or each leakage collection groove (15, 16) is located within the lower third of the recess (12) of the pump cylinder (11). Located in the pump cylinder (11) to be located ,
The leakage recovery groove or each leakage recovery groove (15, 16) is a recess in the pump cylinder (11) in which a plunger (13) is guided during movement initiated via one or more cams (14). Located within the lower third of the part (12)
In the region of the recess (12) of the pump cylinder (11), at least two leakage recovery grooves, that is, an upper leakage recovery groove (15) and a lower leakage recovery groove (16) are formed. ,
The distance between the upper leakage recovery groove (15) and the lower leakage recovery groove (16) is in the range of 0.15 to 1.4 times the diameter of the plunger (13). And fuel pump. 前記上側の漏回収溝（１５）と前記ポンプシリンダ（１１）の前記リセス（１２）の下の境界（１９）との距離が、最大で前記リセス（１２）の軸方向長さの０．３３倍であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の燃料ポンプ。 The distance between the upper leakage recovery groove (15) and the lower boundary (19) of the recess (12) of the pump cylinder (11) is 0.33 of the axial length of the recess (12) at the maximum. The fuel pump according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel pump is doubled. 前記下側の漏回収溝（１６）と前記ポンプシリンダ（１１）の前記リセス（１２）の下の境界（１９）との距離が、最大で前記プランジャ（１３）の直径の０．４５倍であることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の燃料ポンプ。 The distance between the lower leakage collecting groove (16) and the lower boundary (19) of the recess (12) of the pump cylinder (11) is 0.45 times the diameter of the plunger (13) at the maximum. the fuel pump according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that. 前記下側の漏回収溝（１６）と前記ポンプシリンダ（１１）の前記リセス（１２）の下の境界（１９）との間で、シール要素（２１）が前記ポンプシリンダ（１１）に組み込まれている場合に、前記下側の漏回収溝（１６）と前記ポンプシリンダ（１１）の前記リセス（１２）の下の境界（１９）との距離が、最大で前記プランジャ（１３）の直径の１．０倍であることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の燃料ポンプ。 Between the lower leakage recovery groove (16) and the lower boundary (19) of the recess (12) of the pump cylinder (11), a sealing element (21) is incorporated into the pump cylinder (11). The distance between the lower leakage recovery groove (16) and the lower boundary (19) of the recess (12) of the pump cylinder (11) is a maximum of the diameter of the plunger (13). The fuel pump according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the fuel pump is 1.0 times.
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