JP5291650B2 - Extrusion method of clay - Google Patents
Extrusion method of clay Download PDFInfo
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- JP5291650B2 JP5291650B2 JP2010065951A JP2010065951A JP5291650B2 JP 5291650 B2 JP5291650 B2 JP 5291650B2 JP 2010065951 A JP2010065951 A JP 2010065951A JP 2010065951 A JP2010065951 A JP 2010065951A JP 5291650 B2 JP5291650 B2 JP 5291650B2
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Description
本発明は、坏土の押出成形方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for extruding a clay .
碍管等のセラミック製品の製造工程において、セラミック材料を含有する成形原料を混合・混練して坏土とした後、土練機によって円筒状に押出し、所望長さに切断し、成形に適した水分となるまで通電乾燥する方法が従来から採用されている（例えば、特許文献１）。 Moisture suitable for molding after mixing and kneading the molding raw material containing ceramic material into a clay and extruding it into a cylindrical shape with a kneader and cutting it to the desired length in the manufacturing process of ceramic products such as firewood pipes Conventionally, a method of conducting current drying until it becomes is adopted (for example, Patent Document 1).
図２には、従来の土練機に用いる口金構造を示している。図２に示すような、従来の口金を用いて押出された円筒状坏土は、内径部が垂直になるように、直立させた状態で乾燥(以下、縦乾燥という)が行われる。 FIG. 2 shows a base structure used in a conventional kneader. A cylindrical clay extruded using a conventional base as shown in FIG. 2 is dried in an upright state (hereinafter referred to as longitudinal drying) so that the inner diameter portion is vertical.
しかし、従来の縦乾燥では、製品から発生する水分により内径表面がふやけてシワがより、該シワを起点としてクラックが発生し、製品不良の要因となる問題があった。 However, the conventional vertical drying has a problem that the inner diameter surface is swollen by the moisture generated from the product and the wrinkles are generated, and cracks are generated starting from the wrinkles, causing a product defect.
その理由は必ずしも明らかではないが、縦乾燥は、図２の口金から押し出された円筒状坏土の円筒下端部をパレット上に接地して行われ、内径部の一端がパレットで閉塞されて空気の流通が悪く乾燥しにくいことと、自重による圧縮応力が乾燥しにくい内径表面にわずかなシワを形成すると、その後の乾燥収縮工程において作用する周方向の引張応力によってシワを起点とするクラックが発生するのではないかと推測される。 The reason for this is not necessarily clear, but the vertical drying is performed by grounding the cylindrical lower end of the cylindrical clay extruded from the base shown in FIG. 2 on the pallet, and one end of the inner diameter is closed by the pallet. When a slight wrinkle is formed on the inner diameter surface that is difficult to dry due to poor circulation and compression stress due to its own weight, cracks originating from the wrinkle occur due to the tensile stress in the circumferential direction that acts in the subsequent drying shrinkage process It is presumed that they will do.
本発明の目的は前記問題を解決し、土練機による筒状の押出成形体を、縦乾燥する過程において、その内表面にシワがより、該シワを起点としてクラックが発生する問題を回避可能とした技術を提供することである。 The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and avoid the problem that cracks are generated starting from the wrinkles on the inner surface in the process of longitudinal drying of the cylindrical extruded body by a kneader. Is to provide the technology .
上記課題を解決するためになされた本発明は、土練機の押出口に設けた口金から坏土を押出成形する坏土の押出成形方法であって、前記口金の外径を構成する外径口金と、前記口金の内径を構成する内径口金により形成された円筒状の押出流路を経て、坏土を、外径５００ｍｍ〜１９００ｍｍ、内径８０ｍｍ〜５００ｍｍの円筒状に成形する工程と、前記口金の出口部で、内径口金の先端部から外周方向に１〜２ｍｍ突出させて設けたリング部によって絞り込まれた押出流路を通過させながら、円筒状坏土の内径表面にリング部から圧縮力を加えて、内径表面に圧縮応力層を形成する工程を有することを特徴とするものである。 The present invention made in order to solve the above problems is a method for extruding a clay from a base provided at an extrusion port of a clay kneader, wherein the outer diameter of the base is the outer diameter of the base. A step of forming a clay into a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter of 500 mm to 1900 mm and an inner diameter of 80 mm to 500 mm through a base and a cylindrical extrusion channel formed by an inner diameter base constituting the inner diameter of the base; At the outlet of the inner diameter of the cylindrical clay, while passing through the extrusion flow passage squeezed by the ring portion that protrudes 1-2 mm in the outer circumferential direction from the tip of the inner diameter base, compressive force is applied to the inner surface of the cylindrical clay from the ring portion In addition, the method has a step of forming a compressive stress layer on the inner surface .
本発明では、土練機の押出口に設けた口金から坏土を押出成形する坏土の押出成形方法であって、前記口金の外径を構成する外径口金と、前記口金の内径を構成する内径口金により形成された円筒状の押出流路を経て、坏土を、外径５００ｍｍ〜１９００ｍｍ、内径８０ｍｍ〜５００ｍｍの円筒状に成形する工程と、前記口金の出口部で、内径口金の先端部から外周方向に１〜２ｍｍ突出させて設けたリング部によって絞り込まれた押出流路を通過させながら、円筒状坏土の内径表面にリング部から圧縮力を加えて、内径表面に圧縮応力層を形成する工程を有する構成により、口金の出口部に向かって押し出される円筒状坏土の内径表面に該リング部から圧縮力が加わり、内径表面に圧縮応力層が形成される。本発明では、このようにして、内径表面の密度を高めると共に押さえ効果を働かせ、内径表面の滑らかさを向上させることにより、縦乾燥工程におけるシワの発生や、該シワを起点とするクラックの発生を回避可能とした。 In the present invention, there is provided a method for extruding a clay from a base provided at an extrusion port of a clay kneader, wherein an outer diameter base constituting the outer diameter of the base and an inner diameter of the base are configured. A step of forming the clay into a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter of 500 mm to 1900 mm and an inner diameter of 80 mm to 500 mm through a cylindrical extrusion channel formed by the inner diameter base, and the tip of the inner diameter base at the outlet portion of the base The compression stress layer is applied to the inner diameter surface by applying a compressive force from the ring portion to the inner diameter surface of the cylindrical clay while passing through the extrusion flow path squeezed by the ring section provided by protruding 1 to 2 mm in the outer peripheral direction from the section. With the configuration including the step of forming a compressive force is applied from the ring portion to the inner surface of the cylindrical clay extruded toward the outlet portion of the base, and a compressive stress layer is formed on the inner surface. In the present invention, wrinkles are generated in the vertical drying process and cracks are generated from the wrinkles by increasing the density of the inner diameter surface and increasing the smoothness of the inner diameter surface. Can be avoided.
以下に本発明の好ましい実施形態を示す。 Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown below.
土練機の出口部には、図１に示す口金１が設けられている。該口金１は、外径口金２と内径口金３により形成された円筒状の押出流路４を有し、内径口金３の押出側先端部に外周方向に突出させたリング部５を備えている。
A
外径口金２は、図１に示すように、出口側の先端部を外周方向に折り曲げたドラム形状の金属からなる。
As shown in FIG. 1, the
内径口金３は円柱形状の金属からなり、従来の土練機内のスクリュー先端部に取り付けられ、該円柱の中心軸を外径口金２の中心軸と一致するように配置されている。
The
リング部５は、内径口金３の先端部に溶接され、外周方向に１〜２ｍｍ突出しているため、外径口金２と内径口金３により形成された円筒状の押出流路４が、当該リング部５で絞り込まれている。このため、坏土が当該絞り込まれた押出流路４を通過する際、内径表面に該リング部５から圧縮力が加わり、内径表面に圧縮応力層が形成される。ここで、リング部５の突出量が小さいと、圧縮応力層の形成が不十分となり、逆に突出量が大きいと、製品の収縮率の変化が大きくなるため好ましくない。
Since the
なお、本発明は外径５００ｍｍ〜１９００ｍｍの外径口金２および内径８０ｍｍ〜５００ｍｍの円筒状坏土の押出成形に適している。
The present invention is suitable for extrusion molding of an
このように、本発明の土練機により押出成形された円筒状坏土に、従来公知の通電乾燥工程で乾燥処理を施した。該通電乾燥工程では、縦乾燥を行った。本実施形態では、円筒下端部をパレットの上に配置されたパンチングメタル上に接地し、円筒上端部に鳩目電極を取り付けた上で、パンチングメタルと鳩目電極間に電流を流して通電乾燥を行った。 As described above, the cylindrical clay extruded by the kneader of the present invention was subjected to a drying process in a conventionally known electric drying process. In the electric drying process, vertical drying was performed. In the present embodiment, the bottom end of the cylinder is grounded on the punching metal disposed on the pallet, and the eyelet electrode is attached to the top end of the cylinder, and then current is passed between the punching metal and the eyelet electrode to perform energization drying. It was.
前記したように、図２に示すような、リング部を有さない従来の口金から押し出された円筒状坏土の円筒下端部をパレット上に接地して行う縦乾燥過程では、乾燥時に内径部の一端がパレットで塞がれているため、空気流れが悪くなり、乾燥収縮工程において押出成形体の内径表面にシワがより、該シワを起点としてクラックが発生し、製品不良の要因となる問題があった。 As described above, in the vertical drying process as shown in FIG. 2 in which the cylindrical lower end portion of the cylindrical clay extruded from the conventional base having no ring portion is grounded on the pallet, Since one end of the cylinder is clogged with a pallet, the air flow becomes worse, and wrinkles are formed on the inner diameter surface of the extruded product in the drying shrinkage process. was there.
これに対し、本発明では図１に示す口金を用いることにより、内径表面の密度を高めると共に、内径表面に押さえ効果が働いて内径表面の滑らかさが向上し、乾燥工程におけるシワの発生や、該シワを起点とするクラックの発生を、効果的に回避可能とした。 On the other hand, in the present invention, by using the die shown in FIG. 1, the density of the inner diameter surface is increased, the pressing effect on the inner diameter surface works to improve the smoothness of the inner diameter surface, and the generation of wrinkles in the drying process, Generation of cracks starting from the wrinkles can be effectively avoided.
図２に示す従来の口金を採用した場合と、図１に示す本実施形態の口金を採用した場合の、製品不良の発生頻度を比較したところ、本実施形態の口金を採用することにより、製品不良の発生率が３．４％から２．２％へと低減された。 When the conventional base shown in FIG. 2 is used and the frequency of product defects when the base of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is compared, the product of the present embodiment is obtained by using the base of the present embodiment. The incidence of defects was reduced from 3.4% to 2.2%.
１ 口金
２ 外径口金
３ 内径口金
４ 押出流路
５ リング部
1
Claims (1)
前記口金の外径を構成する外径口金と、前記口金の内径を構成する内径口金により形成された円筒状の押出流路を経て、坏土を、外径５００ｍｍ〜１９００ｍｍ、内径８０ｍｍ〜５００ｍｍの円筒状に成形する工程と、
前記口金の出口部で、内径口金の先端部から外周方向に１〜２ｍｍ突出させて設けたリング部によって絞り込まれた押出流路を通過させながら、円筒状坏土の内径表面にリング部から圧縮力を加えて、内径表面に圧縮応力層を形成する工程を有することを特徴とする坏土の押出成形方法。 A method for extruding a clay to extrude a clay from a base provided at an extrusion port of a clay kneader,
After passing through a cylindrical extrusion channel formed by an outer diameter base constituting the outer diameter of the base and an inner diameter base constituting the inner diameter of the base, the clay has an outer diameter of 500 mm to 1900 mm and an inner diameter of 80 mm to 500 mm. Forming into a cylindrical shape;
Compressed from the ring part to the inner diameter surface of the cylindrical clay at the outlet part of the base while passing through the extrusion flow passage squeezed by the ring part provided to protrude from the tip part of the inner diameter base by 1 to 2 mm in the outer peripheral direction. A method for extruding a clay, comprising the step of applying a force to form a compressive stress layer on the inner surface .
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| JPS5112449Y1 (en) * | 1970-12-25 | 1976-04-03 | ||
| JPH02238906A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-21 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Extruding machine |
| JPH02239909A (en) * | 1989-03-14 | 1990-09-21 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Extruder |
| JP2632770B2 (en) * | 1993-02-23 | 1997-07-23 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Curved straightening device for extruded ceramic materials |
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