JP5290920B2 - Pneumatic tire - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire, and more particularly to a heavy-duty pneumatic radial tire suitable for use in trucks and buses employing a circumferential belt.

  Conventionally, a heavy duty radial tire that employs a circumferential belt that is layered along the tire circumferential direction on the outer side in the tire radial direction of the carcass, for example, an ultra-flat radial tire for a truck bus (Truck / Bus Radial Tire: A pneumatic tire such as TBR) is known.

  In recent years, in large trucks and buses, there are many examples of adopting a single tire mounting structure for reducing fuel consumption and weight of the vehicle, and corresponding to this single mounting structure, the tire has a low flatness ratio. And the tread base is becoming wider. In general, a pneumatic tire with a low flatness ratio includes a belt composed of a pair of crossing belts and a circumferential belt for reinforcing the tire in the circumferential direction, so that the tire shape is maintained at a high internal pressure load, and The anti-centrifugal force and the heat resistance during running of the vehicle are improved, thereby improving the tire durability.

  Examples of such heavy duty pneumatic tires for trucks and buses that have improved tire durability include “pneumatic radial tire” (see Patent Document 1) and “pneumatic tire” (see Patent Document 2). ), “Pneumatic tire” (see Patent Document 3).

  By the way, in conventional ultra-flat heavy duty tires employing a circumferential belt, the circumferential belt can maintain the shape during loading and ensure durability, but the circumferential belt alone provides shear rigidity. In order to ensure shear rigidity, a combination with a crossing belt was necessary. While this cross belt has high shear rigidity and is easy to stretch, the circumferential belt has low shear rigidity and is difficult to stretch, so when the pneumatic tire contacts the road and receives a load from the road surface, the circumferential belt follows the stretch of the cross belt. In this case, the belt cord constituting the circumferential belt is cut, or the circumferential belt and the crossing belt are separated (separated).

  For this reason, measures have been taken such as reducing the shear rigidity by narrowing the belt width of the crossing belt, or reducing the belt width of the circumferential belt to suppress the occurrence of distortion in the belt and making it easy to stretch.

JP 2003-154808 A JP 2004-345437 A JP 2007-112394 A

However, when the belt width of the crossing belt is narrowed, sufficient shear rigidity cannot be secured, resulting in deterioration of steering stability and progression of tire uneven wear, and when the belt width of the circumferential belt is narrowed However, the rigidity of the entire belt could not be secured, and the same problem occurred.
Therefore, the rigidity that cannot be secured by the belt is increased by increasing the elastic modulus of the rubber disposed around the belt (that is, making it harder) because the tire does not deteriorate steering stability and does not cause tire wear. However, in general, hardening the rubber disposed around the belt increases the loss as rubber, leading to a decrease in heat generation durability and a deterioration in rolling resistance (RR).

  An object of the present invention is a structure to which a circumferential belt is applied, and the steering stability is reduced or biased without causing deterioration in heat generation durability or deterioration in rolling resistance due to hardening of rubber disposed around the belt. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pneumatic tire that does not cause wear.

  In order to achieve the above object, a pneumatic tire according to the present invention includes a circumferential belt of a tire radial inner layer and at least two crossing belt layers of a tire radial outer layer, which are laminated on the outer side of the carcass in the tire radial direction. A pneumatic tire having a belt, and the width of the crossing belt having the widest belt width along the tire width direction in the crossing belt layer is set to 80% or more of the maximum width of the carcass line. Among them, the difference in belt width between the crossing belt having the widest belt width and the second widening belt is 10 to 50 mm on one side in the belt width direction. The belt width is such that the cross belt having the widest belt width is not narrower than the circumferential belt, and the circumferential belt has a relationship that the belt width is not narrower than the second widest cross belt, The belt is disposed between both ends of the directional belt and the cross belt layer, and becomes thicker toward the outer side in the tire width direction, the thickness becomes 3 mm or more, the modulus at 100% elongation is 4 Mpa or less, and the loss tangent is 0.3 or less. (Room temperature, 2% strain 50 Hz), having rubber, not being larger than the elastic modulus of the coating rubber disposed beside and under the end of the circumferential belt and covering the circumferential belt It has elastic bottom rubber.

Further, in the pneumatic tire according to another aspect of the present invention, the growth rate in the tire radial direction at the time of filling the tire inner pressure at the end portion of the circumferential belt is 0.3% or less.
Further, in the pneumatic tire according to another aspect of the present invention, the rubber under the side is set so that the modulus at 100% elongation is 4 Mpa or less and the loss tangent is 0.3 or less (room temperature, 2% strain 50 Hz). ing.
In the pneumatic tire according to another aspect of the present invention, the circumferential belt is formed of a belt or a high elongation cord brazed in a wave shape.

  According to the pneumatic tire of the present invention, the width of the crossing belt having the widest belt width along the tire width direction in the crossing belt layer is set to 80% or more of the maximum width of the carcass line. The difference in belt width between the widest belt and the second widest belt is 10 to 50 mm on one side in the belt width direction, and the widest belt is wider than the circumferential belt. It is not narrow and the circumferential belt is arranged between both ends of the circumferential belt and the crossing belt layer so that the belt width is not narrower than that of the second widest crossing belt, and thicker toward the outer side in the tire width direction. As long as the thickness becomes 3 mm or more, the modulus at 100% elongation is 4 Mpa or less, and the loss tangent is 0.3 or less (room temperature, 2% strain 50 Hz), and the circumferential bell Since the lower side rubber having an elastic modulus not larger than the elastic modulus of the coating rubber covering the circumferential belt is arranged next to and at the end of the circumferential belt, the structure is applied to the circumferential belt. Thus, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of steering stability and the progression of uneven wear without deteriorating heat generation durability and deterioration of rolling resistance caused by hardening the rubber disposed around the belt.

1 is a cross-sectional view along a tire width direction schematically showing a configuration of a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally the belt structure of the prototyped pneumatic tire.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view along a tire width direction schematically showing a configuration of a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a pneumatic tire 10 includes a carcass 11 constituting a tire skeleton, a belt 12 disposed on the outer side in the tire radial direction of the carcass 11, and a tread portion disposed on the outer side in the tire radial direction of the belt 12. 13, for example, an ultra-flat radial heavy-duty tire such as a truck / bus radial tire (TBR). Sidewall rubber that forms a sidewall portion of the tire is disposed on the outer side in the tire width direction of the carcass 11 following the tread portion 13.

The carcass 11 is bridged in a toroidal shape between a pair of left and right bead cores (not shown) having an annular structure.
The belt 12 is formed by laminating a circumferential belt 14 and an intersecting belt layer formed by laminating at least two intersecting belts 15 positioned on the outer side in the tire radial direction of the circumferential belt 14. The circumferential belt 14 and the crossing belt 15 are formed, for example, by rolling a plurality of belt cords made of steel fiber material or organic fiber material. Two or more circumferential belts 14 may be layered to form a circumferential belt layer.

  The circumferential belt 14 is disposed so that the fiber direction of the belt cord is substantially parallel to the tire circumferential direction, and is desirably formed of a belt or a high elongation belt that is brazed in a wavy shape. The crossing belt 15 is disposed so that the fiber direction of the belt cord is inclined with a predetermined belt angle with respect to the tire circumferential direction, and the plurality of crossing belts 15 has the fiber direction of the belt cord with respect to the tire circumferential direction. In this way, the layers are laminated in a different direction.

  The plurality of crossing belts 15 (shown here as an example in the case of two) are different in length in the tire width direction, that is, the belt widths, and the first crossing belt 15a having the widest belt width is the tire width. It is desirable that the belt width is 80% or more of the maximum width L of the carcass line along the direction and is formed in a flat shape.

  The difference d (d = Wa−Wb) between the belt width (Wa) of the first crossing belt 15a having the widest belt width and the belt width (Wb) of the second crossing belt 15b having the next widest belt width is The belt width (Wa) of the first crossing belt 15a is not narrower than the belt width (W) of the circumferential belt 14, and the belt width (W) of the circumferential belt 14 is The width of the second crossing belt 15b is not narrower than the belt width (Wb) (Wb ≦ W ≦ Wa) (see FIG. 1). That is, the belt width of the widest belt (here, the first crossing belt 15 a) among the belts constituting the crossing belt 15 is wider than the belt width of the circumferential belt 14.

Regarding the growth in the tire radial direction at the time of filling the tire inner pressure at the belt end of the circumferential belt 14, it is desirable that the growth rate is 0.3% or less.
Between both ends of the circumferential belt 14 and the cross belt 15, rubber 16 is disposed in layers while the thickness (gauge: Ga.) Increases toward the outside. During this time, the rubber 16 has an elastic modulus equal to or less than that of the coating rubber (Coating Rubber: CR) covering the circumferential belt 14, that is, an elastic modulus not exceeding the elastic modulus, and 3 mm or more at the outer end. The modulus at 100% elongation (mod.) Is 4 Mpa or less, and the loss tangent (tan δ) is 0.3 or less (room temperature, 2% strain 50 Hz).

A lateral lower rubber 17 is disposed beside and below the end portion of the circumferential belt 14. The laterally lower rubber 17 has an elastic modulus not larger than the elastic modulus of the coating rubber (CR) covering the circumferential belt 14, has a modulus (mod.) Of 100 Mpa or less and a loss tangent ( tan δ) is preferably 0.3 or less (room temperature, 2% strain 50 Hz).
The intermediate rubber 16 and the lateral lower rubber 17 may be formed of the same rubber member.

  Thus, in the pneumatic tire 10, the belt width of the crossing belt 15 is 80% or more of the maximum width L of the carcass line so as not to cause a decrease in steering stability and a progression of tire uneven wear. It has spread to. Similarly, the belt width of the circumferential belt 14 is also increased. At this time, in order to prevent the circumferential belt 14 from being stretched due to the extension of the crossing belt 15 and causing the cord breakage, the circumferential belt generated at the time of filling the tire internal pressure is generated. If the growth rate in the tire radial direction at the tire inner pressure filling at the belt end portion of the circumferential belt 14 is 0.3% or less, it is effective to reduce the elongation at the initial stage of filling 14. The distortion of the belt end itself can be reduced.

  The first crossing belt 15a is not narrower than the circumferential belt 14, and the circumferential belt 14 is not narrower than the second crossing belt 15b. This is because if the belt width of the widest first crossing belt 15a is exceeded, the failure nucleus moves to the crossing belt 15 side and the durability decreases, and the belt width of the circumferential belt 14 is the belt of the second crossing belt 15b. This is because when the width is smaller than the width, the input from the cross belt 15 to the circumferential belt 14 increases, and the cord of the circumferential belt 14 is cut or the circumferential belt 14 and the cross belt 15 are separated (separated). At the same time, in order to ease the input from the circumferential belt 14, it is preferable to secure a necessary thickness (gauge: Ga.) At the belt end portion of the circumferential belt 14 where the input is particularly severe.

  By having the above configuration, tire durability can be improved, and sufficient shear rigidity can be ensured by widening the belt width of the crossing belt 15 as compared with the conventional one. Therefore, the elastic modulus of the rubber disposed around the belt can be increased. There is no need to increase the rigidity to compensate. As a result, since the elastic modulus of the rubber disposed in the periphery can be lowered, it is possible to absorb the belt distortion in the rubber disposed in the periphery and to further reduce the occurrence of distortion at the belt end that is easily broken. Similarly, if the rubber disposed around the belt has a low hysteresis loss, the heat generation durability can be improved, and further, the rolling resistance can be reduced.

Two types of pneumatic tires 10 according to the present invention (Examples 1 and 2) were prototyped, and two types of modulus (mod.) And loss tangent (tan δ) at the time of 100% elongation of the inter-rubber 16 and the lateral rubber 17 were obtained. A comparative test with the conventional examples (conventional examples 1 and 2) and the comparative example was performed.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram conceptually showing a belt structure of a prototype pneumatic tire. As shown in FIG. 2, the prototype pneumatic tire has a three-layer structure (first crossing belt 15a, second crossing belt 15b, third crossing belt 15c: Example 1) or two-layer structure (first crossing belt 15a). The second crossing belt 15b is a super-flat radial heavy-duty tire having a tire size of 495 / 45R225, provided with a crossing belt layer of Example 2) and a circumferential belt 14 using a belt that is brazed in a wavy shape. .

Hereinafter, specifications of Conventional Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Example 1, and Examples 1 and 2 will be described (see Table 1).
Belt width of the third crossing belt 15c:
Example 2 (formed only in Example 2) is 200 [mm].
Belt width of the second crossing belt 15b:
Conventional Example 1 is 220 [mm], Conventional Example 2 is 390 [mm], and Comparative Example and Examples 1 and 2 are 400 [mm].
Belt width of the first crossing belt 15a:
Conventional Example 1 is 420 [mm], Conventional Example 2 is 430 [mm], Comparative Example and Example 1 are 440 [mm], and Example 2 is 450 [mm].

Belt width of circumferential belt 14:
Conventional Example 1 is 370 [mm], Conventional Example 2 is 350 [mm], Comparative Example and Example 1 are 420 [mm], and Example 2 is 430 [mm].
Carcass tire width width:
All of Conventional Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Example, and Examples 1 and 2 are 494 [mm].
Modulus at the time of 100% elongation of the lower rubber 17 (mod.):
Conventional Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example are 6.5 [Mpa], Example 1 is 2.2 [Mpa], and Example 2 is 3.0 [Mpa].
Loss tangent (tan δ) of the lower rubber 17:
Conventional Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example are 0.25, Example 1 is 0.09, and Example 2 is 0.12.

Thickness (Ga.) Between circumferential belt 14 and crossing belt 15:
Conventional Example 1 is 1.5 [mm], Conventional Example 2 is 1.2 [mm], Comparative Example is 1.5 [mm], and Examples 1 and 2 are 4 [mm].
Modulus at 100% elongation of the rubber 16:
Conventional Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example are 6.5 [Mpa], Example 1 is 2.2 [Mpa], and Example 2 is 2.0 [Mpa].
Loss tangent (tan δ) of the rubber 16:
Conventional Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example are 0.25, and Examples 1 and 2 are 0.09.

That is, in Conventional Example 1, the difference in belt width between the first crossing belt 15a and the second crossing belt 15b is 200 [mm]. In Conventional Example 2, the second crossing belt 15b is wider than the circumferential belt 14. In the comparative example, the mod. When the rubber 16 is stretched, the mod. Exceeds 4 [Mpa].
The prototype tire of the above size was incorporated into an applied rim having a width of 17.00 inches, and evaluated for durability, steering stability, uneven wear, and rolling resistance at an internal pressure of 900 kpa (see Table 2).

Durability:
Evaluation was made on the tire temperature during running when the tire was run at 100,000 km on a drum at a load of 8500 kg and at a speed of 80 km / h, the number of cords in the circumferential belt after running, and belt separation (belt separation).
Steering stability:
The tire is mounted on the drive shaft of the tractor head, and the feeling when driving a slalom with a trailer loaded with a constant load is evaluated.

Uneven wear:
Evaluate the amount of uneven wear at the shoulder edge (uneven wear vol.) When the tire is mounted on the drive shaft of the tractor head and the empty trailer is pulled, and the vehicle travels 50,000 km.
Rolling resistance:
The rolling resistance when the above tire was drum-run at 5800 kg and a speed of 80 km / h was evaluated.

  Here, the applicable rim is an “applicable rim” defined by JATMA (The Japan Automobile Tire Manufacturers Association, Inc.), a TRA (THE RIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION INC.), “Design Rim”, or ETRTO. “Measuring Rim” as defined in (THE European Tire and Rim Technical Organization). The normal internal pressure means “maximum air pressure” defined by JATMA, the maximum value of “TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES” defined by TRA, or “INFLATION PRESSURES” defined by ETRTO. The specified load means “maximum load capacity” defined in JATMA, the maximum value of “TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES” defined in TRA, or “LOAD CAPACITY” defined in ETRTO.

The following evaluations can be obtained from the comparison results with the conventional example in each evaluation item.
Traveling temperature Cont contrast temperature difference (smaller value is better):
Compared to the conventional examples 1 and 2, the comparative example is 0.2 degrees lower (−0.2), but the first embodiment is 5.7 degrees lower (−5.7) and the second embodiment is less. The temperature is 5.2 degrees lower (−5.2), which is a sufficient temperature difference.
Code cut number index (the smaller the number, the better):
Conventional Example 1 is 100, and Conventional Example 2 is 131, while Comparative Example is 21, but in either Example 1 or Example 2, it was 0, that is, there was none.

Inter-belt peel length index (the smaller the number, the better):
Conventional Example 1 is 100, and Conventional Example 2 is 143, while Comparative Example is 54. However, in either Example 1 or Example 2, 24 is approximately 1/4 to It is significantly reduced to 1/6 and about 1/2 of the comparative example.
Feeling index (higher is better):
Conventional Example 1 is 100, and Conventional Example 2 is 120, while Comparative Example is 145, but Example 1 is 135, Example 2 is 140, an increase of about 10 to 40% over the conventional example. doing.

Uneven wear index (smaller value is better):
Conventional Example 1 is 100, and Conventional Example 2 is 93, while Comparative Example is 46. However, in both Examples 1 and 2, 38 is approximately 60% of the conventional example. It has decreased significantly.
Rolling resistance index (smaller values are better):
The comparative example is 99 with the conventional example 1 and the conventional example 2 being 100, but the comparative example is 99. However, the example 1 is 95 and the example 2 is 96, which is certainly improved by about 4 to 5% of the conventional example.

  Thus, the pneumatic tire 10 can maintain the belt rigidity by increasing the shear rigidity without hardening the circumferential belt 14, and the belt durability can be maintained. The circumferential belt 14 is not narrower than the directional belt 14, and the circumferential belt 14 is less narrow than the second crossing belt 15 b (see FIG. 2), so that the shear rigidity of the crossing belt 15 can be increased to ensure the belt rigidity. Further, the rubber around the circumferential belt 14 is made of a rubber whose elastic modulus is not larger than that of the coating rubber (CR) covering the circumferential belt 14, and the intermediate rubber 16 and the lateral rubber are formed at the belt end of the circumferential belt 14. By disposing the lower rubber 17, it is possible to increase heat generation durability and reduce rolling resistance.

  According to the present invention, the circumferential belt is applied, and the stability of heat generation and the rolling resistance are not lowered and the rolling resistance is not deteriorated by hardening the rubber disposed around the belt. Since the progress of wear can be prevented, it is most suitable for pneumatic tires, particularly pneumatic radial tires for heavy loads suitable for trucks and buses that employ circumferential belts.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Pneumatic tire 11 Carcass 12 Belt 13 Tread part 14 Circumferential belt 15 Crossing belt 15a 1st crossing belt 15b 2nd crossing belt 15c 3rd crossing belt 16 Between rubber | gum 17 Rubber | gum 17 Horizontally lower rubber L Maximum width of carcass line W, Wa, Wb Belt width d Belt width difference

Claims (4)

In a pneumatic tire having a belt composed of a circumferential belt of a tire radial inner layer and a belt of at least two crossing belt layers of a tire radial outer layer, laminated on the outer side of the carcass in the tire radial direction,
The width of the crossing belt having the widest belt width along the tire width direction in the crossing belt layer is 80% or more of the maximum width of the carcass line,
Among the crossing belt layers, the belt width difference between the widest crossing belt and the second widest crossing belt is 10 to 50 mm on one side in the belt width direction,
The belt width is such that the cross belt having the widest belt width is not narrower than the circumferential belt, and the circumferential belt is not narrower than the cross belt having the second widest belt width,
It is arranged between both ends of the circumferential belt and the crossing belt layer and becomes thicker toward the outer side in the tire width direction, the thickness becomes 3 mm or more, the modulus at 100% elongation is 4 Mpa or less, and the loss tangent is 0. Having rubber for 3 or less (room temperature, 2% strain 50 Hz),
A pneumatic tire characterized by having a lateral lower rubber having an elastic modulus not larger than an elastic modulus of a coating rubber covering the circumferential belt, which is arranged at an end portion of the circumferential belt and below. .   2. The pneumatic tire according to claim 1, wherein a growth rate in a tire radial direction at the time of filling an inner pressure of the tire at an end portion of the circumferential belt is 0.3% or less.   The pneumatic tire according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lateral rubber has a modulus at 100% elongation of 4 Mpa or less and a loss tangent of 0.3 or less (room temperature, 2% strain 50 Hz).   The pneumatic tire according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the circumferential belt is formed of a belt or a high elongation cord brazed in a wave shape.

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