JP5286536B2 - High pressure discharge lamp and lighting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp in which at least a pair of electrodes are provided facing each other in an arc tube having a heat-resistant and translucent ceramic discharge vessel, and a discharge medium containing a metal halide for light emission is enclosed, and the lamp It is related with the used illuminating device.

  Recently, metal halide lamps have been developed as arc tubes using compact discharge vessels made of ceramic materials that are less reactive with metal halides than quartz glass and have excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance. In addition, higher efficiency, correlated color temperature, color rendering properties and longer life have been achieved.

  The arc tube of this miniaturized metal halide lamp uses a ceramic discharge vessel having a pair of small-diameter cylindrical portions at opposite ends of a bulging portion having a straight tube shape or a substantially oval shape, etc. It is mainly composed of an electrode structure in which an electrode is provided at the tip facing the bulging portion and a discharge medium sealed in the container, and is hermetically sealed at the opening end of the small diameter cylindrical portion through the small diameter cylindrical portion. ing.

  A lamp using the above-mentioned arc tube has a small size and high efficiency, and a lighting fixture using the lamp has advantages such as a small size and light weight and a new application.

  However, this type of metal halide lamp has a problem in that a crack is generated and leaks in the vicinity of the small-diameter cylindrical portion forming the discharge vessel of the arc tube and the connecting portion between the small-diameter cylindrical portion and the bulging portion.

  That is, the excess halide sealed in the arc tube enters the gap between the outer surface of the power supply conductor and the inner surface of the small-diameter cylindrical portion inserted into the small-diameter cylindrical portion during lighting, and enters into the small-diameter cylindrical shape. It reacts with ceramics, which is the material forming the part, and is locally cut so that the inner surface of the small-diameter cylindrical part is removed by the reaction to form an eroded part, and the scraped ceramic component is a small-diameter cylindrical part near the eroded part. It gradually accumulates on the inner surface of the part and comes into contact with the power supply conductor. As a result of repeated blinking of the lamp, a large stress was generated in the small-diameter cylindrical portion due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient at the contact portion between the deposit and the power feeding conductor, and a crack occurred.

  Therefore, in order to prevent the shaved ceramic component from accumulating at the connecting portion, the angle formed by the straight portion of the inner surface of the bulging portion and the straight portion of the inner surface of the connecting portion, and the boundary portion between the bulging portion and the connecting portion. It is known to regulate numerical values such as the radius of curvature of the inner surface or the composition ratio of the enclosed halide, the wall thickness of the small diameter cylindrical portion, and the tube wall load. (Patent Document 1)

International Publication No. 2005/096347 Pamphlet

  However, in the correspondence described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to control the deposition position of the deposit deposited from the inner surface of the small-diameter cylindrical portion, but the occurrence of cracks due to thinning of the eroded portion generated in the small-diameter cylindrical portion is prevented. Could not be prevented.

  In metal halide lamps and the like, there are many cases where metal halides are excessively sealed in the arc tube to cope with the consumption of the luminescent metal in order to obtain the predetermined light emission characteristics during the lifetime, and all of these enclosures are enclosed when the lamp is lit. It is sufficient to evaporate, but when the lamp is lit vertically, the inclusions such as metal halides that are in contact with the inner surface of the small-diameter cylindrical portion on the lower side where the temperature does not rise compared to the upper side remain without evaporating, and the predetermined light emission May not be obtained and the color temperature characteristics may change greatly.

  In addition, the liquid metal halide is in the vicinity of the boundary between the electrode shaft having a smaller outer diameter than the inner diameter of the small-diameter cylindrical portion and the feeding conductor having a diameter larger than that of the electrode shaft and substantially the same diameter as the small-diameter cylindrical portion. Concentration and temperature at which the halide easily collects without entering the gap between the inner surface of the small-diameter cylindrical portion and the outer surface of the power supply conductor, and the liquid phase of the metal halide, particularly the rare earth metal halide, easily reacts with the inner surface of the ceramic discharge vessel. For example, if it is at a temperature of 850 to 950 ° C., the ceramic of the container is eroded, and the thickness of the portion is made thin and fragile so as to scrape the inner surface of the small-diameter cylindrical portion. There was a problem that a crack was generated, resulting in a short lamp life.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode assembly in which an electrode is provided in a discharge vessel and an arc tube in which a metal for light emission is sealed as a halide in the vicinity of the opening end of a small-diameter cylindrical portion of the discharge vessel through which the electrode assembly is inserted. It is an object of the present invention to provide a metal halide discharge lamp in which corrosion of a container due to accumulated metal halide is prevented and light emission characteristics are improved, and an illumination device using the discharge lamp.

The high pressure discharge lamp according to the first aspect of the present invention is a translucent ceramic provided with a bulging portion forming a discharge space and a small-diameter cylindrical portion disposed at both ends of the bulging portion and having an inner diameter smaller than that of the bulging portion. A discharge vessel comprising: a power supply conductor inserted into the small-diameter cylindrical portion, an electrode shaft having a smaller diameter than the power supply conductor constituting the electrode portion disposed facing the bulging portion on one end of the power supply conductor, and for power supply An electrode assembly having an externally introduced conductor connected to the other end of the conductor and hermetically sealed in a small-diameter cylindrical portion, and a discharge medium comprising a rare earth metal halide and a rare gas sealed in the discharge vessel An arc tube having; a support member electrically connected to the electrode structure of the arc tube and holding the arc tube; and the arc tube being disposed inside the tube axis and sealed at the end An outer tube and a high In the discharge lamp,
The maximum outer diameter facing the bulging portion side of the feeding conductor X (mm), the inner diameter of the discharge vessel in a direction perpendicular to the end faces on the protruding portion of the feeding conductor and Y (mm) 1.9 (mm) ≦ Y−X ≦ 5.0 (mm), the total amount of the rare earth metal halide enclosed is M (mg), and the discharge vessel internal volume is V (cm ³ ). In this case, it is characterized by being in a range of 2.5 (mg / cm ³ ) ≦ M / V ≦ 5.5 (mg / cm ³ ).

The high-pressure discharge lamp according to the first aspect of the present invention is arranged with a feeding conductor (intermediate member) having a diameter larger than the electrode axis of the electrode assembly constituting the arc tube facing the bulging portion side of the discharge vessel forming the discharge space. The difference Y−X between the maximum outer diameter X (mm) of the power supply conductor and the inner diameter Y (mm) of the container in the direction orthogonal to the end where the front end of the power supply conductor is located is 1.9. In the range of ˜5.0 mm, preferably in the range of 2.0 to 4.0 mm, and the amount of rare earth metal halide enclosed per unit volume V (cm ³ ) of the discharge vessel M (mg), M / V 2.5~5.5mg / cm ^3, preferably constituted by a range of 4.0~5.5mg / cm ^3.

  This arc tube has a small-diameter cylindrical shape and a liquid phase of the metal halide due to the temperature rise of the power supply conductor during the lighting operation by setting the structure of the power supply conductor and the amount of rare earth metal halide within the above numerical range. The reaction with the halide on the inner surface of the part is suppressed, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks in a discharge vessel such as a small-diameter cylindrical part by preventing thinning and weakening due to erosion.

  When the value of YX (mm) related to the former power supply conductor is less than 1.9 mm, accumulation of metal halide in the small diameter cylindrical portion cannot be controlled, and the inner surface of the small diameter cylindrical portion can be controlled. There is a problem that the degree of erosion is large and cracks are liable to occur at an early stage because of the temperature that is likely to cause erosion. Further, if the value of Y−X (mm) exceeds 5.0 mm, a predetermined temperature cannot be ensured, so that the function as the coldest part cannot be achieved, and light emission characteristics such as desired color rendering properties cannot be obtained. This is not preferable.

In addition, if the amount M / V of the latter rare earth metal halide is less than 2.5 mg / cm ³ , there is a problem that desired light emission characteristics such as efficiency and color rendering properties cannot be obtained. When the value exceeds 5.5 mg / cm ³ , the concentration of the rare earth metal halide is increased, and there is a problem that the discharge vessel is eroded, which is not preferable.

  In the present invention and each of the following inventions, the definitions and technical meanings of terms are as follows unless otherwise specified. Hereinafter, each component will be described.

<About translucent ceramics discharge vessel>
Materials for forming the discharge vessel of the arc tube include sapphire, ceramics such as aluminum oxide (alumina), yttrium-aluminum-garnet oxide (YAG), yttrium oxide (YOX), and aluminum nitride (AlN). A material having high heat translucency and high corrosion resistance from a halide can be used.

  In addition, the discharge container has a light transmittance that allows light generated by the discharge to be transmitted to the outside, and is not limited to being transparent but may be light diffusive. The portion that is not mainly composed of may be light-shielding.

  In addition, the shape of the discharge vessel comprises a substantially oval shape such as an ellipse, a substantially spherical shape, a substantially cylindrical shape, or a small diameter cylindrical portion provided at opposite ends of a bulging portion such as a composite of these shapes, Even if it is integrally molded, the bulging portion and the small-diameter cylindrical portion may be formed separately and integrally formed by means such as shrink fitting. A sealing portion is formed in which the opening is hermetically closed with a filler such as a heat-resistant sealant.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the inner volume of the translucent ceramic discharge vessel is not limited, but in the case of a high-pressure discharge lamp with a rating of about 100 to 150 W, the inner size of the discharge vessel is the full length. Is 16 mm or less (not including small-diameter cylindrical portions at both ends), preferably about 11 to 16 mm, and the maximum inner diameter is 10 mm or less, preferably about 9 to 10 mm. Moreover, the inner wall area of the discharge vessel (not including the small-diameter cylindrical portions at both ends) is 3.0 to 5.0 cm ² , preferably about 3.2 to 4.7 cm ² , and the inner volume is 1.0 cm. ³ or less, preferably about 0.5 to 1.0 cm ³ .

<About electrode assembly>
The electrode structure is a non-empty rod that also serves as a sealing member made of a sealing metal such as niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), and vanadium (V). Two members in which the electrode shaft made of tungsten (W) or doped tungsten is directly welded to an externally introduced conductor formed in a pipe shape or the like, or molybdenum (Mo) or cermet (ceramics and tungsten (between ceramic and tungsten) W) or a sintered powder of molybdenum (Mo) or the like) and a plurality of members such as 2 to 4 members in series via a power supply conductor composed of 1 to 2 intermediate members. It consists of things connected by means.

  The electrode is inserted into the small-diameter cylindrical portion of the discharge vessel, the tip portion faces the bulging portion, and the tip portion of the electrode shaft also serves as the electrode or tungsten (W) or doped at the tip portion of the electrode shaft. A coil made of a tungsten wire may be wound.

  In addition, the electrode conductor located in the small-diameter cylindrical portion of the discharge vessel or the feeding conductor in the middle of the electrode assembly has a minimum distance of 0.1 mm or less (may be in contact) with the inner surface of the small-diameter cylindrical portion. It is preferable to be inserted so as to be. Further, as a means for reducing the distance between the inner surface of the small-diameter cylindrical portion (which may be in contact), a wire made of a material such as tungsten (W) or molybdenum (Mo) is wound around a part of the insertion member in a coil shape. You may make it respond | correspond by mounting | wearing or winding what formed the board | plate shape in the pipe shape.

  In addition, since the electrode part constituting the electrode structure is inserted into the small-diameter cylindrical part, the outer diameter of the electrode coil wound around the electrode shaft is limited to the same diameter as or smaller than the outer diameter of the power feeding conductor. In the present invention, the outer diameter of the power feeding conductor refers to the outer diameter including a coil or pipe when they are wound.

  In addition, selection of each part material of the said electrode assembly can be suitably selected according to the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of a discharge vessel or a sealing agent. The power feeding conductor made of a halogen-resistant material such as molybdenum (Mo) or cermet relaxes the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between the electrode member and the sealing metal, and from the electrode part that becomes high temperature to the sealing part. Reduce heat transfer.

<Discharge medium>
The discharge medium includes a metal halide or amalgam of a luminescent material such as mercury (Hg). This metal halide is, for example, mercury (Hg), sodium (Na), thallium (known as a luminescent metal), depending on luminous efficiency such as luminous efficiency, color rendering properties, luminescent color, lamp power, discharge vessel internal volume, and the like. Tl), indium (In), lithium (Li), cesium (Cs), etc. or dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), thulium (Tm), scandium (Sc), neodymium (Nd), cerium (Ce) In addition, as the rare earth metal such as iodine, any one or more of iodine (I), bromine (Br), chlorine (Cl), and fluorine (F) can be used. In addition, the said halide contains what is enclosed not only for light emission but for electrical property adjustment.

  Moreover, although argon (Ar), neon (Ne), etc. are enclosed as a noble gas, other noble gases can be enclosed as needed. This rare gas is a starting gas and a buffer gas, and is enclosed in the discharge vessel so as to exhibit a pressure of about 1 atm or more during lighting.

<About the outer tube>
The outer tube is made of A-type, AP-type, B-type, BT-type, made of a material having translucency and heat resistance made of glass such as quartz glass, borosilicate glass, semi-rigid glass, or ceramics. ED type, R type, T type, etc. are formed, a mount (support member) holding the arc tube is inserted from the opening at the end, this opening is heated with a burner and directly melted and sealed, or sealed with a stem A sealed portion is formed.

  Although not an essential member, the arc tube is housed in an outer tube surrounded by an airtight or continuous middle tube made of a heat-resistant and translucent material made of ceramic, quartz glass or hard glass similar to the container. A triple tube structure may also be used. By providing this inner tube, the arc tube can be kept warm and the luminescent metal can be easily actuated to improve the light emission characteristics such as higher efficiency and higher color rendering, and at the same time, protect the arc tube container in the event of damage.

In addition, the said sealing part may be formed in the both ends in the case of outer tubes, such as T (straight tube) type. Further, the inside of the outer tube may be a vacuum atmosphere or an inert gas atmosphere in which a rare gas such as nitrogen (N ₂ ) or argon (Ar) is sealed.

  In addition, since the support member requires a material that is hermetically sealed and compatible with the outer tube glass, the portion sealed in the sealing portion requires a power line portion in the outer tube, a sealing member portion of the sealing portion, and an outer tube. It is appropriate to connect and configure multiple materials such as external lead wire parts that are led out, and the materials, dimensions, etc., can vary depending on the type of arc tube (or inner tube), power, weight, outer tube material, etc. Appropriate selection may be made.

  Further, the power supply line portion in the outer tube of the support member is made of a metal material such as molybdenum (Mo) or tungsten (W), and is electrically connected to the external conductors at both ends of the light emission tube to supply power and It also serves as a support member that is arranged and held along the tube axis.

  In the high-pressure discharge lamp of the invention of claim 2, the ratio of the total amount of the rare earth metal halide (mol) to the total amount (mol) of the metal halide is 12 to 34% (100: 12 to 34). It is in the range of.

  If the ratio of the rare earth metal halide having a high contribution to the light emission characteristics is less than 12%, the light emission characteristics such as desired efficiency and color rendering cannot be obtained. If the ratio exceeds 34%, the color rendering is It was not preferable because the properties were lowered.

High-pressure discharge lamp of the invention of claim 3, the tube wall loading of the arc tube (W / cm ^2), characterized in that in the range of 27~33W / cm ^2.

When wall loading is less than 27W / cm ² in the above, there are problems such as the inability to obtain high luminous efficiency without desired coldest spot temperature can be obtained and, if it exceeds 33 W / cm ^2, metal This is not preferable because there is a problem that a halide reacts with a sealing agent to cause cracks and leak, resulting in a short life.

  A lighting device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is a lighting device main body; the high-pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 3 provided in the lighting device main body; and lighting circuit means for lighting the high-pressure discharge lamp. And ;;

  An illuminating device (apparatus) equipped with the high-pressure discharge lamp having the effects described in claims 1 to 3 is equipped with a lamp that has no short life and has high light emission characteristics. Maintenance management of equipment (equipment) such as lamp replacement becomes easy.

  In addition, the color rendering property and the color rendering index referred to in the present invention are synonymous.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the discharge vessel is prevented from being corroded by controlling the dimensional relationship with the outer diameter of the power supply conductor and the arrangement portion and the amount of rare earth halide enclosed, and the short life due to cracks is prevented. It is possible to provide a high-pressure discharge lamp (metal halide lamp) that can suppress generation and is excellent in light emission characteristics and life characteristics such as improvement in lamp efficiency and color rendering by using rare earth halides.

  Further, according to the inventions of claims 2 and 3, in addition to the effect of claim 1, a lamp having high efficiency and high color rendering can be obtained.

  Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 4, since the high-pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is provided, an illuminating device such as a lighting fixture that is easy to maintain and manage such as lamp purchase and replacement is provided. Can be provided.

It is a schematic front view which shows embodiment of the high pressure discharge lamp (metal halide lamp) of this invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a main part (about half (upper and lower is substantially symmetrical illumination structure)) of the arc tube portion in FIG. It is a partial cross section side view which shows a spotlight as embodiment of the illuminating device of this invention. (A) The figure is a partially cutaway longitudinal sectional view showing an enlarged main part of another embodiment of the arc tube used in the high-pressure discharge lamp of the present invention. (B) The figure is an enlarged embodiment of the electrode assembly. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view shown. (A) The figure is a partially cutaway longitudinal sectional view showing an enlarged main part of another embodiment of the arc tube used in the high-pressure discharge lamp of the present invention. (B) The figure is an enlarged embodiment of the electrode assembly. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view shown. It is a partially cutaway longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an enlarged main part of another embodiment of the arc tube used in the high-pressure discharge lamp of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an embodiment of a high-pressure discharge lamp (metal halide lamp) according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a main part of an arc tube portion in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which expands longitudinally and shows it.

  A high-pressure discharge lamp (metal halide lamp) L shown in FIG. 1 is joined to an arc tube 1A, an outer tube 5 that supports the arc tube 1A and that supplies power to the inside, and an end portion of the outer tube 5 The base 8 is a main component.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the arc tube 1 </ b> A has small-diameter cylindrical portions 22, 22 connected to both ends of a bulging portion 21 having a substantially oval shape or a substantially spherical shape, here a substantially oval shape, by continuous curved surfaces. A discharge vessel 2 made of a ceramic material such as translucent alumina that is integrally connected is provided. The discharge vessel 2 is inserted into the small-diameter cylindrical portions 22 and 22 of the discharge vessel 2 and hermetically sealed by a heat-resistant sealant 23. Electrode assemblies 3A and 3A (one is not shown).

  As shown in FIG. 2, each electrode assembly 3A includes an electrode shaft 31 made of tungsten (W) wire, an intermediate member 32 made of molybdenum (Mo) wire having a diameter larger than that of the electrode shaft 31, and an intermediate made of cermet wire. Four members of a power supply conductor 34 made of a member 33 and an external introduction conductor 35 also serving as a sealing wire made of a niobium (Nb) wire are connected in series by means such as butt welding, and the tip of the electrode shaft 31 Is provided with a coiled electrode 30 in which tungsten (W) fine wires are closely wound (about 100% pitch) for about 5 turns.

  The electrode assembly 3A inserted into each of the small-diameter cylindrical portions 22 and 22 has both electrodes 30 and 30 at the tip (one not shown) confront each other in the bulging portion 21 with a predetermined discharge interval. The externally introduced conductor 35 portion that also serves as the sealing wire is hermetically sealed to the small-diameter cylindrical portions 22 and 22 via the heat-resistant sealant 23.

  At this time, the gap between the outer surface of the power feeding conductor 34 constituting the intermediate members 32 and 33 inserted into the small diameter cylindrical portion 22 and the inner surface of the small diameter cylindrical portion 22 is preferably 0.1 mm or less (contacted). The electrode assembly 3A can be centered satisfactorily. As a means for reducing the gap, a coil or a molybdenum (Mo) thin plate formed by closely winding (about 100% pitch) thin wires such as molybdenum (Mo) on the intermediate members 32 and 33 as described later is formed into a pipe shape. You may make it coat | cover with what was shape | molded.

  In the present invention, the maximum outer diameter of the power supply conductor 34 (= intermediate member 32) made of molybdenum (Mo) wire having a diameter larger than that of the electrode shaft 31 is X mm, and the power supply conductor 34 (= Intermediate member 32) The inner diameter of discharge vessel 2 (usually in the vicinity of the connecting portion of bulging portion 21 and small-diameter cylindrical portion 22 or the opening of small-diameter cylindrical portion 22) in the direction orthogonal to end portion P is Ymm. In some cases, the Y-X relationship is in the range of 1.9 to 5.0 mm (that is, 1.9 ≦ Y−X ≦ 5.0 mm).

Further, in the discharge vessel 2 of the arc tube 1A, a starting and buffer gas containing, for example, argon (Ar) or neon (Ne) as a discharge medium, and a metal halide and mercury as a light emitting metal are enclosed. . The metal halide, for example sodium iodide (NaI), thallium iodide (TlI), iodide thulium (TmI _3), indium iodide (InI), cerium iodide (CeI ₃₎ and the like.

When the internal volume of the discharge vessel 2 and Vcm ^3, was Mmg the total amount of enclosed halide of a rare earth metal such as iodide thulium (TmI ₃₎ and cerium iodide (CeI ₃₎ of the metal halide , the relationship of M / V, that is, a halide of a rare earth metal in the range of the container 2 an inner volume per 2.5~5.5mg / cm ³ (i.e. 2.5 ≦ M / V ≦ 5.5mg / cm 3) Enclosed.

  The outer tube 5 is made of translucent hard glass such as borosilicate glass. Here, a top portion 51 closed on the upper side and a sealed portion (not shown) with the stem 6 sealed on the lower side. ) Has a neck portion 52 provided with a so-called T shape. An E-shaped base 8 is attached to the neck portion 52 so as to cover the sealing portion.

  A support member 4 that supports the arc tube 1 is connected and fixed to a pair of internal lead-in wires 61 and 62 extending from the stem 6 sealed by the outer tube 5. That is, one internal lead-in wire 61 uses a wire or plate made of nickel or the like, and here, the base end side of the support wire 41 formed in a substantially U shape using the wire is connected and fixed by means such as welding. Yes.

  The other internal lead-in wire 62 is made of nickel or other wire material or plate material. Here, the wire material is used, and the vicinity of the inner surface of the outer tube 5 is extended along the tube axis to the top portion 51 to be orthogonal to the tube axis. The base end side of the support wire 42 bent in the direction is connected and fixed by means such as welding.

  Then, on the distal end side where the support wires 41 and 42 extend, the external introduction conductors 35 and 35 led out from the small-diameter cylindrical portions 22 and 22 at both ends of the arc tube 1A are fixed by means of welding or the like. The connection and the support of the arc tube 1A are performed. At this time, the arc tube 1 </ b> A is fixed on the central axis of the outer tube 5. The arc tube 1 </ b> A may be supported by using a strip-shaped metal plate and bridging the support wire 41 (42) and the small-diameter cylindrical portion 22.

Further, the inside of the outer tube 5 is a vacuum atmosphere or an airtight atmosphere filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen (N ₂ ). In FIG. 1, reference numeral 43 denotes an elastic (spring) member made of a metal plate fixed to the support wire 41 near the center of the top portion 51 of the outer tube 5 and elastically contacting the inner wall of the top portion 51. ) The arc tube 1 can be reliably supported by the member 43 so as to be on the central axis of the outer tube 5. In the figure, reference numeral 71 is an enhancer for generating ultraviolet rays for starting the arc tube 1, and 72 is a getter.

In the metal halide lamp L, the arc tube 1A has the feeding conductor 34 (intermediate member 32) having a diameter larger than the electrode shaft 31 of the electrode assembly 3A facing the bulging portion 21 side of the discharge vessel 2 forming the discharge space. The difference Y− between the maximum outer diameter X (mm) of the power feeding conductor 34 and the inner diameter Y (mm) of the container 2 in the direction perpendicular to the end P where the front end of the power feeding conductor 34 is located. X is in the range of 1.9 to 5.0 mm, preferably in the range of 2.0 to 4.0 mm, and the amount R of rare earth metal halide enclosed per unit volume V (cm ³ ) of the discharge vessel 2 (mg ), M / V is configured within the range of 2.5 to 5.5 mg / cm ³ , preferably 4.0 to 5.5 mg / cm ³ .

  The inventors of the present invention have verified the cause of the erosion phenomenon of the ceramic discharge vessel by various tests. As a result, the relationship between the small-diameter cylindrical portion 22 and the power supply conductor 34 and the ratio of the rare earth metal halide content are large. I found out that I was dependent. Although the detailed reason is unknown, it has been found that the gap dimension in the direction perpendicular to the end portion P of the power feeding conductor 34 greatly affects the occurrence of the erosion phenomenon.

  The arc tube 1A has a liquid phase and a small diameter of the metal halide due to the temperature rise of the power supply conductor 34 during the lighting operation by setting the configuration of the power supply conductor 34 and the like and the amount of rare earth metal halide enclosed within the above numerical range. A long-life metal halide lamp L that prevents the reaction with the halide on the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 22 and prevents cracking of the discharge vessel 2 such as the small-diameter cylindrical portion 22 by preventing thinning and weakening due to corrosion. Can be provided.

  If the value of YX (mm) related to the former power supply conductor 34 is less than 1.9 mm, the accumulation of metal halide in the small diameter cylindrical portion 22 cannot be controlled, and the small diameter cylinder Due to the relationship between the inner surface temperature of the shaped portion 22 and the temperature at which erosion easily occurs, there is a problem that the degree of erosion is large and cracks are likely to occur at an early stage. On the other hand, if the value of Y-X (mm) exceeds 5.0 mm, the desired temperature cannot be secured, so that the function as the coldest part cannot be achieved, and the desired color rendering properties such as light emission characteristics cannot be obtained. There is a problem.

In addition, the amount of the rare earth metal halide that has a great influence on the latter light emission characteristics may be in the range of 2.5 to 5.5 mg / cm ³ , and if it is out of this range, desired efficiency and color rendering In the case where the light emitting characteristics such as the property cannot be obtained, and the encapsulated amount exceeding 5.5 mg / cm ³ is accelerated, the erosion of the inner surface of the discharge vessel 2 is accelerated.

  Further, in the metal halide lamp L, in addition to the amount of the rare earth metal halide enclosed, the total amount of the rare earth metal halide is regulated with respect to the total amount of the halide of the light emitting metal. A color rendering lamp can be obtained.

  That is, the total enclosure amount K (mol) of the rare earth metal halide is regulated to the following range with respect to the enclosure amount H (mol) of the metal halide.

H (mol): K (mol) = 100: 12-34
When the ratio of the rare earth metal halide having a high contribution to the light emission characteristics is less than 12 (12%), the light emission characteristics such as desired efficiency and color rendering properties cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if this ratio exceeds 34 (34%), it becomes difficult to obtain the desired coldest part temperature, which is not preferable because the color rendering property is lowered.

Also, the metal halide lamp L is in the range wall loading of the arc tube 1A is 27~33W / cm ^2, desired coldest spot temperature can not be obtained and the tube wall load is less than 27W / cm ^2, There is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a high luminous efficiency, and when it exceeds 33 W / cm ² , the metal halide and the sealant 23 react with each other, cracks are generated, and leakage occurs, resulting in a short life. It was not preferable.

  A metal halide lamp (high-pressure discharge lamp) L shown in FIG. 1 is a double-pipe structure metal halide lamp L in which an arc tube 1A is accommodated in a T-shaped outer tube 5, for example, an illuminating device (equipment) 9 shown in FIG. Attach and light up.

  FIG. 3 is a partial sectional side view showing a spotlight 9 as an embodiment of the illumination device of the present invention.

  In the figure, 91 is a lighting device body, 92 is a ceiling mounting portion, 93 is an arm, 94 is a body case, 95 is a lamp socket, 96 is a reflecting mirror, 97 is a light shielding tube, and 98 is a front glass.

  The ceiling attachment portion 92 is attached to the ceiling and suspends the lighting device main body 91, and is connected to a lighting circuit device (not shown) disposed on the back of the ceiling and receives power therefrom. The arm 93 is fixed to the ceiling mounting portion 92 on the base end side.

  The main body case 94 has a container shape with an open front surface, and is pivotally attached to the tip of the arm 93 so as to be able to rise and fall within a vertical plane. The lamp socket 95 is adapted to the E-shaped base and is disposed in the main body case 94.

  The reflecting mirror 96 is located in front of the lamp socket 95, and the light shielding tube 97 is disposed at the center of the opening end of the reflecting mirror 95. The front glass 98 is disposed at the opening end of the main body case 94.

  The metal halide lamp L has the same specifications as shown in FIG. 1, and is mounted with the base up (upper base) by attaching the base 8 to the socket 95, and a light-shielding tube 97 facing the tip of the lamp L is provided. The light from the tip is shielded to prevent glare.

  And this illuminating device 9 lights up when the lamp | ramp L attached by the base-up perpendicular | vertical is supplied with electricity, and the light radiated | emitted from the lamp | ramp L turns into direct light or the reflected light from the reflective mirror 96, and is front glass. A predetermined illumination is performed by passing through 98 and irradiating downward.

  The lamp L, which is lit up with the base up, supplies power to the inner surface of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 22 even if a liquid phase of metal halide is generated and accumulated near the end portion P of the power supply conductor 34 of the lower electrode assembly 3A. It does not penetrate between the outer surface of the conductor 34 and the reaction of the inner surface of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 22 by the halide is suppressed, and the discharge vessel 2 such as the small-diameter cylindrical portion 22 is prevented from being thinned or weakened by erosion. Cracks can be prevented from occurring.

  Therefore, since the illumination is performed using the metal halide lamp L that exhibits the above-described effects, an illumination device such as a lighting fixture that is excellent in various light emission characteristics and life characteristics and that is easy to maintain and manage such as lamp purchase and lamp replacement is provided. can do.

  4 to 6 are enlarged views of the main part of another embodiment of the arc tube used in the high-pressure discharge lamp of the present invention. FIG. 4A is a partially cutaway longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows embodiment of a structure. 4 to 6, the same parts as those in FIG. 2 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The arc tube 1B shown in FIG. 4A includes an electrode shaft 31 in which the mandrel portion of the electrode assembly 3B is made of tungsten (W) wire, an intermediate member 32 made of molybdenum (Mo) wire having the same diameter as the electrode shaft 31, and Four members including a feeding conductor 34 made of an intermediate member 33 made of a cermet wire having a diameter larger than that of the intermediate member 32 and an external introduction conductor 35 also serving as a sealing wire made of a niobium (Nb) wire having the same diameter as the intermediate member 33. Are connected in series by means of butt welding or the like, a coiled electrode 30 in which a tungsten (W) fine wire is wound around the tip of the electrode shaft 31, and molybdenum (Mo The coil 36 is provided by tightly winding (100% pitch) a thin wire. The outer diameter of the coil 36 wound around the intermediate member 32 is formed to be substantially the same as the inner diameter that can be inserted into the small diameter cylindrical portion 22.

  The arc tube 1C shown in FIG. 5 (a) is for power feeding, which is composed of an electrode shaft 31 in which the mandrel portion of the electrode assembly 3C is made of tungsten (W) wire, and an intermediate member 33 made of cermet wire having a diameter larger than that of the electrode shaft 31. Three members of a conductor 34 and an external introduction conductor 35 that also serves as a sealing wire made of niobium (Nb) wire having the same diameter as the intermediate member 33 are connected in series by means such as butt welding, and the tip of the electrode shaft 31 A coil-shaped electrode 30 in which a tungsten (W) thin wire is wound on the part, and a tungsten (W) thin wire is formed on a part of the other end side of the electrode shaft 31 (a portion constituting the intermediate member 32). A wound coil 36 is provided.

  An arc tube 1D shown in FIG. 6A includes an electrode shaft 31 whose mandrel portion of the electrode assembly 3D is made of a tungsten (W) wire, and a sealing wire made of a niobium (Nb) wire having a diameter larger than that of the electrode shaft 31. Two members, which also serve as the external introduction conductor 35, are also connected in series by means such as butt welding, and a coiled electrode 30 in which a tungsten (W) thin wire is wound around the tip of the electrode shaft 31 The other end side of the shaft 31 (the portion constituting the intermediate members 32 and 33) is provided with a coil 36 around which a thin wire of molybdenum (Mo) is wound as a power supply conductor 34.

FIG 4 (a) ~ FIG 6 (a) electrode structure shown in 3B~3D, the end facing the bulging portion 2 1 of the discharge space side of the feeding conductor 34 is changing the shaft diameter, providing a coil 36 As a result, a boundary portion between the electrode shaft 31 portion and the power supply conductor 34 is formed, and this boundary portion becomes the end portion P of the power supply conductor 34 and serves as a base point for measuring the inner diameter Y of the container 2.

  Then, the arc tube 1B having the electrode assemblies 3B to 3D and manufactured by regulating the outer diameter of the power supply conductor 34 and the dimensional relationship with the arrangement portion and the amount of rare earth halide enclosed in the above-described embodiment. The metal halide lamp provided with ˜1D can also prevent the discharge vessel from being corroded by metal halides and prevent the occurrence of short life due to cracks.

  The arc tubes 1B to 1D show the discharge vessel 2 in which the shape of the inner surface of the connecting portion between the bulging portion 21 and the small-diameter cylindrical portion 22 is slightly different. That is, the container 2 shown in FIG. 4A has a radius of curvature with a large shape of the inner surface of the connecting portion. Moreover, the container 2 shown to Fig.5 (a) has a curvature radius with a small shape of an inner surface of a connection part. Moreover, the container 2 shown to Fig.6 (a) has a substantially linear part which the connection part inner surface made the substantially U shape.

  And in the case of the container 2 shown to Fig.4 (a), there exists an advantage that the temperature of the location where the liquid metal halide of a connection part accumulates can be set low.

  Further, in the case of the container 2 shown in FIG. 5A, there is an advantage that liquid metal halide does not accumulate on the inner surface of the connecting portion.

  Further, in the case of the container 2 shown in FIG. 6A, since there is a substantially straight portion on the inner surface of the connecting portion where the liquid metal halide is accumulated, the boundary portion between the electrode shaft 31 and the feeding conductor 34 (= There is an advantage that the permissible range of the inner diameter at the position P) of the feeding conductor 34 can be widened.

  In the present invention, the combination of the various discharge vessels 2 and the electrode assemblies 3A to 3D is not limited to the combination shown above, and can be selected as appropriate according to the rating of the lamp, the type of halide, the amount of enclosure, and the like. .

  1 is a ceramic metal halide lamp L having a rated power consumption of 150 W and a rated life of 12000 hours, and an arc tube 1 </ b> C is sealed in the outer tube 5.

This arc tube 1C uses an alumina discharge vessel 2 and has a maximum bulging portion 21 at the center having a maximum outer diameter of about 11 mm, a maximum inner diameter of about 10 mm, an inner length of about 16 mm, and outer diameters of the small diameter cylindrical portions 22 and 22 of about 3. 0.0 mm, an inner diameter of about 1.0 mm, an internal length of about 17 mm, an internal volume of about 1.0 cm ³ , and an internal surface area of about 5.0 cm ² .

  The electrode assembly 3C has substantially the same structure as that shown in FIG. 4 (b), and has an electrode shaft 31 and intermediate member 32 having an outer diameter of about 0.5 mm and a length of about 12 mm made of tungsten (W) wire, and a cermet wire. An intermediate member 33 having an outer diameter of about 0.9 mm and a length of about 4 mm, and an outer introduction conductor 35 having an outer diameter of about 0.9 mm and a length of about 16 mm made of niobium (Nb) wire are serially butt welded. , A coiled electrode 30 in which a tungsten (W) wire having an outer diameter of about 0.2 mm is wound 5 to 6 turns around the tip of the electrode shaft 31 portion of the bar, and the end of the coiled electrode 30 Winding a tungsten (W) wire having an outer diameter of about 0.2 mm over a range of about 10 mm in length of the intermediate member 32 made of tungsten (W) starting from the electrode shaft 31 that is about 0.8 mm away from the section as a starting point P Coil with an outer diameter of about 0.9 mm It is composed of six.

  In the present invention, the intermediate members 32 and 33 around which the coil 36 is wound are the power supply conductors 34. Further, the distance between the coiled electrodes 30 and 30 facing each other at the tips of the electrode assemblies 3 and (3) is about 11 mm.

Further, as a discharge medium in the discharge vessel 2, argon (Ar) gas of about 20 kPa, mercury (Hg) to about 15mg, NaI-TlI-TmI metal halide ₃ -InI-CeI ₃ are in a weight ratio of 28: 9: About 8 mg is enclosed at a ratio of 41: 3: 19.

  Then, the present inventors, based on the configuration of the first embodiment, have an end portion P facing the bulging portion (discharge space) side of the power supply conductor 34 of the electrode assembly 3C inserted into the small diameter cylindrical portion 22. The arc tubes 1 of Samples 1 to 17 (17 types) with various changes in the inner diameter Y (mm) value of the discharge vessel 2 in the orthogonal direction were manufactured, and erosion occurring in the small diameter cylindrical portion 22 was observed.

  That is, the inner diameter Y (mm) value of the discharge vessel 2 is adjusted by changing the position of the end P of the coil 36 forming the power supply conductor 34 (X (constant) = 0.9 mm), and the end of the coil 36 is adjusted. Except for the P position, the arc tube 1 assembly material, structure, dimensions, etc. are the same in principle, and five arc tubes 1 are manufactured for samples 1 to 17, and the assembly life (lighting) test is performed on the lamp. I saw.

It should be noted that the arc tube 1C of the metal halide lamp of each of these samples has a total enclosure amount M (mg) of rare earth metal halide / discharge vessel internal volume V (cm ³ ) of about 4.8 mg / cm ³ , tube wall load ( W / cm ² ) is about 30 W / cm ² , and the ratio of the total amount of the rare earth metal halide (mol) to the total amount (mol) of the metal halide is about 33%.

Table 1 shows the changed YX (0.9 mm) value of each lamp, the number of occurrences of cracks, the occurrence time of cracks, luminous efficiency and evaluation. The life (lighting) test was performed by repeating the blinking of the lamp for 5.5 hours and extinguishing 0.5 hours.

  As shown in Table 1, as the YX value is smaller, that is, the lamp of the sample 1 faces the inner surface of the small diameter cylindrical portion 22 where the feeding conductor 34 end portion P has a small diameter, or the inner surface near the expanded portion of the cylindrical portion 22. The gap is as small as 0.1 mm, and liquid metal halide accumulates in the gap as the end portion P of the power feeding conductor 34 is buried, and the inner surface of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 22 is eroded and thinned to cause cracks in this portion. A short-life lamp was generated that would not light up in about 3000 hours.

  In addition, in the lamp having the interval between samples 2 to 4 of 1.0 to 1.7 mm, the shortest lifetime is shorter as the interval is shorter from about 5000 hours to about 9000 hours, but the sample with the interval of 1.9 mm or more is generated. All of the lamps 5 to 7 exhibited a life of 12000 hours or more of the rated life.

  In the lamps of Samples 5 to 7, the gap between the feeding conductor 34 end portion P and the discharge vessel 2 (the inner surface of the connecting portion between the inner surface of the bulging portion 21 and the inner surface of the small diameter cylindrical portion 22) is large, and the temperature rise is low. A long-life lamp L was obtained in which the erosion reaction on the inner surface of the discharge vessel 2 due to the liquid metal halide was suppressed to prevent the vessel 2 from being cracked or weakened.

  Further, it was confirmed that the upper limit value of the Y-X value may be 5.0 mm considering the luminous efficiency.

  1 is a ceramic metal halide lamp L having a rated power consumption of 100 W and a rated life of 12000 hours, and an arc tube 1C is sealed in the outer tube 5.

The arc tube 1C uses an alumina discharge vessel 2 and has a maximum outer diameter of about 11 mm, a maximum inner diameter of about 10 mm, an inner length of about 12 mm, and an outer diameter of the small diameter cylindrical sections 22 and 22 of about 3 mm. 0.0 mm, internal diameter is about 1.0 mm, internal length is about 17 mm, internal volume is about 0.6 cm ³ , and internal surface area is about 3.5 cm ² .

  The electrode assembly 3B has substantially the same structure as that shown in FIG. 4A, and is composed of an electrode shaft 31 made of tungsten (W) wire, an outer diameter of about 0.5 mm, and a length of about 6 mm, and molybdenum (Mo) wire. Intermediate member 32 having an outer diameter of about 0.5 mm and a length of about 6 mm, an outer diameter of about 0.9 mm made of a cermet wire, an intermediate member 33 having a length of about 4 mm, an outer diameter of about 0.9 mm made of niobium (Nb) wire, A bar material in which four members of the externally introduced conductor 35 having a length of about 16 mm are connected in series by butt welding or the like, and a tungsten (W) wire having an outer diameter of about 0.2 mm is attached to the tip of the electrode shaft 31 portion of this bar material. A coil-shaped electrode 30 wound 5 to 6 turns and a coil 36 having an outer diameter of about 0.9 mm wound around an intermediate member 32 of about 6 mm made of the molybdenum (Mo) wire.

  In the present invention, the intermediate members 32 and 33 around which the coil 36 is wound are the power supply conductors 34. The distance between the coiled electrodes 30 and 30 facing each other at the tips of the electrode assemblies 3 and (3) is about 7 mm.

In the discharge vessel 2, argon (Ar) gas is about 20 kPa, mercury (Hg) is about 15 mg, and metal halide is NaI-TlI-TmI ₃ -InI as a discharge medium at a weight ratio of 26: 10: 61: 3. About 5 mg is enclosed in the ratio.

  Then, the inventors of the present invention based on the configuration of the second embodiment, an end portion P facing the bulging portion (discharge space) side of the power feeding conductor 34 of the electrode assembly 3B inserted into the small diameter cylindrical portion 22; The arc tubes 1 of Samples 1 to 17 (17 types) with various changes in the inner diameter Y (mm) value of the discharge vessel 2 in the orthogonal direction were manufactured, and erosion occurring in the small diameter cylindrical portion 22 was observed.

  That is, the inner diameter Y (mm) value of the discharge vessel 2 is adjusted by changing the position of the end P of the coil 36 that forms the power supply conductor 34 (X (constant) = 0.9 mm) as in the first embodiment. In addition, the arc tube 1 except for the position P of the coil 36 except for the assembly material, the structure and dimensions of the arc tube 1 are basically the same, and five arc tubes 1 are manufactured for each of the samples 1 to 17 and assembled in the lamp. (Lighting) Tests were conducted and the progress was observed.

In addition, the arc tube 1B of the metal halide lamp of each sample has a total enclosure amount M (mg) of rare earth metal halide / discharge vessel internal volume V (cm ³ ) of about 5.1 mg / cm ³ , tube wall load ( W / cm ² ) is about 29 W / cm ² , and the ratio of the total enclosure amount (mol) of the rare earth metal halide to the total enclosure amount (mol) of the metal halide is about 34%.

Table 2 shows the changed YX (0.9 mm) value of each lamp, the number of occurrences of cracks, the occurrence time of cracks, luminous efficiency and evaluation. The life (lighting) test was performed by repeating the blinking of the lamp for 5.5 hours and extinguishing 0.5 hours.

  As shown in Table 2, if the Y-X value range is 1.9 to 5.0 mm, it can be confirmed that the same result is obtained even in lamps with different ratings, and a lamp L that can satisfy the luminous efficiency and life is obtained. It is done.

Next, with respect to the total amount M (mg / cm ³ ) of rare earth metal halide sealed for light emission in the discharge vessel 2, a plurality of types of arc tubes 1 are manufactured by changing the combination of metal halides to emit light. Table 3 shows the results of checking the characteristics and status.

As is apparent from Table 3, the lamps of Samples 9 and 10 having a large total amount of rare earth metal halide M (mg) per inner volume V (cm ³ ) of the discharge vessel 2 have higher luminous efficiency but average color rendering. It was confirmed that the lamps of Samples 10 and 11 having a low evaluation value and a small total amount M (mg) of rare earth metal halide encapsulated had a low luminous efficiency but a high average color rendering index. In short, the amount of rare earth metal halide encapsulated may be regulated according to the required light emission characteristics of the lamp, but light emission is achieved by setting the amount of encapsulated M / V in the range of 2.5 to 5.5 mg / cm ^3. Efficiency and color rendering can be improved.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, but can be applied to metal halide lamps having a rating of 35 to 400 W with varying structural dimensions and shapes, and the same effects as the above embodiment. It has been confirmed that

  In addition, in order to keep the arc tube warm and protect the arc tube container in the outer tube, the outer tube is surrounded by a heat resistant translucent quartz glass, ceramics or metal mesh (shroud). ).

  Further, the lighting device (apparatus) is not limited to the above embodiment, and may have other structures and uses. The lighting direction of the lamp to be mounted may be base-up (upper base) or base-down (lower base). The lamp of the present invention is not limited to vertical lighting, and can be lit without any trouble even when tilted or horizontally lit.

  The present invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp (metal halide) that uses light emission for some purpose, such as general lighting fixtures, sports lighting fixtures for facilities such as public facilities and factories, headlamps, optical fiber light source devices, image projection devices, and photochemical devices. Lamp) and the lighting device (apparatus) using the lamp.

L: high pressure discharge lamp (metal halide lamp), 1A to 1D: arc tube,
2: discharge vessel, 3A-3D: electrode assembly, 30: coiled electrode,
31: Electrode shaft 32, 33; Intermediate member 34: Conductor for power supply,
35; external introduction conductor, 36: coil, 4: support member,
5: Outer tube, 9: Lighting device (equipment), 91: Lighting device body,

Claims (4)

A discharge vessel made of translucent ceramics provided with a bulging portion forming a discharge space and a small-diameter cylindrical portion having an inner diameter smaller than that of the bulging portion, and the inside of the small-diameter cylindrical portion; A power supply conductor inserted into the electrode, a power supply conductor constituting one of the power supply conductors on one end side of the power supply conductor, and a small diameter cylindrical shape connected to the other end side of the power supply conductor. An arc tube having an electrode assembly having an externally introduced conductor hermetically sealed in a portion, and a discharge medium containing a rare earth metal halide and a rare gas sealed in the discharge vessel;
A support member electrically connected to the electrode assembly of the arc tube and holding the arc tube;
An outer tube in which the arc tube is disposed along the tube axis and a support member is sealed at the end;
In the high-pressure discharge lamp provided with the discharge vessel in a direction perpendicular to the end faces of the maximum outer diameter facing the bulging portion side of the feeding conductor X (mm), the said bulging portion side of the feeding conductor When the inner diameter is Y (mm),
1.9 (mm) ≦ YX ≦ 5.0 (mm),
And when the total enclosed amount of the rare earth metal halide is M (mg) and the discharge vessel internal volume is V (cm ³ ),
2.5 (mg / cm ³ ) ≦ M / V ≦ 5.5 (mg / cm ³ )
A high-pressure discharge lamp characterized by being in the range.   2. The high pressure according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the total amount (mol) of the rare earth metal halide to the total amount (mol) of the metal halide is in the range of 12% to 34%. Discharge lamp. 3. The high-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1, wherein a tube wall load of the arc tube is in a range of 27 (W / cm ² ) to 33 (W / cm ² ). A lighting device body;
A high-pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 3 provided in the lighting device body;
Lighting circuit means for lighting this high pressure discharge lamp;
An illumination device comprising:

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