JP5283051B2 - Loosening prevention nut - Google Patents

Abstract

A lock nut which can be tightened with a single touch, can be fixed easily by tightening to a member to be tightened, and does not loosen after being tightened. The lock nut comprises a nut body (2) internally provided with a bolt insertion hole (5) for receiving an inserted bolt (30) and one or more recesses (6) for a screw piece having a slide face (9) inclining in the direction away from the bolt insertion hole (5) along the inserting direction of the bolt, the screw piece (3) provided in the recess (6) for a screw piece to slide on the slide face (9) while being locked in the nut body (2) and detachably engaging the bolt (30), and a member (4) provided inside the nut body (2) or at the screw piece (3), for generating frictional force between the screw piece (3) and the bolt by biting into the bolt (30) through engagement of the screw piece (3) with the bolt (30).

Description

  The present invention relates to a nut having a structure that can be attached to a bolt used in facilities such as construction and machinery with a single touch, and more particularly, to a loosening prevention nut that does not loosen even after being attached to a bolt.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 2001-214918 and 2002-139011 describe one-touch nuts that are fastened and fixed to a bolt by one-touch screwing with a bolt. These structures exert a special effect on one-touch nut insertion. However, in these one-touch nuts, tightening may be loosened due to vibration transmitted after the bolts are mounted, and therefore a structure that can prevent loosening is required.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1 includes one nut on which a protruding portion whose outer peripheral surface is a truncated cone-shaped tapered surface is formed, and a concave portion whose inner peripheral surface is a truncated cone-shaped tapered surface. There is disclosed a structure that includes the other nut formed and prevents mutual loosening by applying a frictional force of a tapered surface when the pair of nuts are tightened.

Patent Document 2 discloses a structure in which two or more elastic rings are attached to a nut body. In this nut, when the nut main body is screwed into the bolt, the engagement piece inside the ring is engaged with the screw thread of the bolt, and the locking is performed by this engagement.
JP 61-244912 A International Publication WO93 / 22569

  However, the structure described in Patent Document 1 cannot be loosened unless a pair of nuts is used, and has the inconvenience that it cannot be used if one nut is lost or damaged. In addition to the need to attach a pair of nuts, it is necessary to consider the order of installation and the directionality of the nuts.

  In the structure described in Patent Document 2, since the engagement piece of the ring comes into contact with the screw thread of the bolt from the beginning when the nut body is screwed to the bolt, and a frictional force acts between them, the nut body is rotated. Great power is required. For this reason, it is not possible to perform tightening with one touch, and it is necessary to use a rotating tool, and there is a problem that a large amount of labor is required for the tightening operation.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such a conventional problem, and can be fastened with one touch, can be easily fastened to a member to be fastened, and does not loosen after tightening. An object is to provide a prevention nut.

The loosening prevention nut of the invention according to claim 1 is
A nut main body having a bolt insertion hole into which a bolt is inserted and one or more recesses for a screw piece having a slide surface inclined in a direction away from the bolt insertion hole along the bolt insertion direction; and the nut main body has a retaining state in the inner, the inserted slide surface recess screw pieces to slide, and a screw piece that engages in disengageably to said bolt, provided on the inner portion of the nut body A friction generating member that bites into the bolt by engagement of the screw piece with the bolt and generates a frictional force between the screw piece and the friction generating member extending in the axial direction of the nut body. characterized in that said are bolt et provided in the insertion hole so as to face the frame.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the loosening prevention nut according to claim 1, further comprising an elastic member that urges the screw piece to slide on the slide surface in the direction of the bolt. Features.

The invention according to claim 3 is the loosening prevention nut according to claim 1 or 2,
The friction generating member is any one of the following (a) to ( d ) or a combination selected from a plurality of (a), (b), (c), and (d) .
(A) a protrusion formed in the bolt insertion hole integrally with the nut body so as to protrude from the bolt insertion hole ; and (b) a bolt insertion hole made of a separate member from the nut body and protruding from the bolt insertion hole. protrusions formed in (c) before Kibo belt insertion hole from the bolt insertion hole is attached to the inner surface inside the roller type one-way clutch; (d) bolt in the nut body as part of the roller protrudes screw a chewing Komu diameter while a coil portion is mounted fitted inside the nut the body so as to protrude from the bolt insertion hole

  In the present invention, by inserting the bolt into the bolt insertion hole, the screw piece is retracted from the bolt along the slide surface, so that the bolt can be easily inserted, and then the nut body is rotated in the tightening direction. By doing so, the screw piece slides in the bolt direction along the slide surface and engages with the bolt. For this reason, the fastening to a bolt or a member to be fastened is performed.

  In the present invention, when the screw piece engages with the bolt along the slide surface, the friction generating member bites into the bolt and generates a friction force. Since this frictional force depends on the inclined sliding surface of the nut body and the wedge action of the screw piece sliding on the sliding surface, a large frictional resistance is generated between the friction generating member and the bolt. As a result, the frictional force increases and the loosening can be reliably prevented.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. In each embodiment, the same member is assigned the same reference numeral.

(First embodiment)
1 to 4 show a loosening prevention nut 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows the overall shape and internal structure, FIGS. 2 and 3 show the operation, and FIG. The explanation of

  As shown in FIG. 1, the loosening prevention nut 1 of this embodiment includes a nut body 2, a screw piece 3, and a friction generating member 4.

  The nut body 2 is integrally formed by a base portion 2a having a circular outer shape, a nut portion 2b having a hexagonal outer shape, and a head portion 2c above the nut portion 2b. Here, the hexagonal nut part 2b is an operation part when rotating the whole nut main body 2 with a hand or a tool.

  Bolt insertion holes 5 and screw piece recesses 6 are formed inside the nut body 2. The bolt insertion hole 5 has a shape penetrating the entire nut body 2 in the vertical direction (axial direction), and a bolt 30 is inserted and penetrated as will be described later. The bolt 30 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 5 from the insertion surface (lower surface) 2d of the nut body 2, and the lower end portion of the bolt insertion hole 5 is somewhat larger in diameter so that the bolt 30 can be easily inserted. Tapered shape.

  The screw piece recess 6 is formed by enlarging a part of the bolt insertion hole 5 in the radial direction. The screw piece recess 6 has a groove shape, and a screw piece 3 described later is inserted therein. Both side surfaces 6a (refer to FIG. 1 (d)) of the screw piece recess 6 are parallel to each other, and both side surfaces of the screw piece 3 come into contact with the both side surfaces 6a. Falling in the direction is prevented. In this embodiment, the screw piece recess 6 is formed in one place with respect to the nut body 2.

  The lower portion of the screw piece recess 6 is a slide surface 9 on which the screw piece 3 slides in response to the lower surface of the screw piece 3. The slide surface 9 extends along the insertion direction of the bolt 30 to be inserted into the bolt insertion hole 5 (the direction opposite to the arrow B in FIG. 2 and upward in FIG. 1C). The taper surface is inclined in a direction away from the bolt insertion hole 5 as it goes. Therefore, when the screw piece 3 slides downward along the slide surface 9, the screw piece 3 approaches the bolt 30 which is the direction in which the taper becomes narrower, and the front surface engages with the bolt 30. When sliding upward along the slide surface, the screw piece 3 moves in the direction in which the taper becomes wider and is separated from the bolt 30 so that it does not engage.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (d), the screw piece 3 is formed in a divided shape obtained by dividing a cylindrical shape into a plurality of portions along the radial direction, and the bolt 30 has a surface (front surface) on the bolt insertion hole 5 side. A female screw portion 3a is formed which is engaged (engaged) with the male screw portion 30a on the outer surface. The screw piece 3 is slid along the tapered slide surface 9 in the concave portion 6 by being inserted into the screw piece concave portion 6 described above. In this case, the surface 3e of the screw piece 3 facing the slide surface 9 (the slope of the screw piece 3) 3e is tapered with the same inclination as the slide surface 9. Thus, by making the slide surface 9 and the inclined surface 3e of the screw piece 3 into the same tapered shape, a wedge effect as described later can be exhibited. By engaging the female screw portion 3 a of the screw piece 3 with the male screw portion 30 a of the bolt 30, the nut body 2 and the bolt 30 are fastened.

  A cover 10 is attached to the head portion 2c of the nut body 2 as shown in FIG. The cover 10 is formed of a synthetic resin or a thin metal plate, and the lower end of the cover 10 is fixed to the opposite side of the insertion surface 2d of the nut body 2 by fitting the head portion 2c. Thus, the cover 10 acts so that the screw piece 3 does not come out of the nut body 2 (screw piece recess 6). In the cover 10, a through hole 10 a through which the bolt 30 passes is formed coaxially with the bolt insertion hole 5.

  The cover 10 is integrally formed with a tongue-like protrusion 8 as an elastic member. The tongue-shaped protrusion 8 as an elastic member is formed at a position corresponding to the upper portion of the screw piece 3 and hangs down toward the upper surface of the screw piece 3. The tongue-shaped protrusion 8 is one in which the screw piece 3 biases the slide surface 9 downward (in the direction of engagement with the bolt).

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, a friction generating member 4 is provided. The friction generating member 4 is provided by fitting or adhering to the inside of the nut body 2 so as to face the bolt insertion hole 5 in the nut body 2. The friction generating member 4 is also provided so as to face the screw piece 3. As the friction generating member 4, a material having a large friction coefficient such as resin or rubber is used. Here, the friction generating member 4 is provided so as to slightly protrude inside the bolt insertion hole 5, and does not hinder the movement of the bolt 30 inserted into the bolt insertion hole 5.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 2, the bolt 30 is erected from the fastened member 33. In this state, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the loosening prevention nut 1 is moved downward as indicated by an arrow B, and the bolt 30 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 5 of the nut body 2.

  At the beginning of the insertion of the bolt 30, as shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D, the screw piece 3 slides on the slide surface 9 in a direction in which the taper is widened against the urging force of the tongue-shaped protrusion 8, Retreat in the direction indicated by arrow C. For this reason, the bolt 30 can be easily inserted into the nut body 2 simply by pushing in without the screw piece 3 and the bolt 30 being engaged.

  FIG. 3A shows a state where the loosening prevention nut 1 has reached the mounting surface 33 a of the fastened member 33 by pushing the nut body 2. After reaching this state, as shown in FIG. 3A, the nut body 2 is rotated in the tightening direction (clockwise indicated by arrow D when the bolt 30 is a right-hand thread). By this rotation, the internal thread portion 3 a of the screw piece 3 biased by the tongue-shaped protrusion 8 is screwed into and engaged with the external thread portion 30 a of the bolt 30. By this engagement, the screw piece 3 descends on the slide surface 9 in a direction in which the taper indicated by the arrow E becomes narrower.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the screw piece 3 presses the bolt 30 against the friction generating member 4 as it descends. That is, when the screw piece 3 moves down along the tapered slide surface 9, the screw piece 3 moves in a direction in which the taper is reduced, so that a wedge effect is generated. Since the bolt 30 is firmly pressed against the friction generating member 4 by the wedge effect, a strong friction force F is generated between the bolt 30 and the friction generating member 4. Thereby, the nut main body 2 does not rotate carelessly, and it is possible to prevent loosening.

  FIG. 4 shows such a pressing force F by calculation. When the axial force of the bolt 30 is P and the inclination angle of the slide surface 9 is θ, F = P / sin (θ). Accordingly, the pressing force F for pressing the bolt 30 against the friction generating member 4 increases as the inclination angle θ of the slide surface 9 decreases. Thereby, a frictional force of F · μ (μ is a friction coefficient between the bolt 30 and the friction generating member 4) acts between the bolt 30 and the friction generating member 4, and the nut body 2 is loosened by this frictional force. Preventive action can be performed.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 5 shows a loosening prevention nut 1A in the second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a coil spring 12 is used as an elastic member that biases the screw piece 3 toward the slide surface 9. The coil spring 12 performs the biasing by being provided between the cover 10 and the screw piece 3.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the protrusion 13 integral with the nut body 2 is formed as the friction generating member 4 that generates a frictional force with the bolt 30. One or more protrusions 13 are formed in the bolt insertion hole 5 of the nut body 2 (in this embodiment, two vertically long strips), thereby projecting toward the bolt insertion hole 5 and facing the screw piece 3 Is provided. In the case where such a protrusion 13 is provided, the protrusion 13 generates a frictional force with the bolt 30, so that the loosening prevention nut 1 </ b> A can be prevented from loosening.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 6 shows a loosening prevention nut 1B in the third embodiment of the present invention. Also in this embodiment, the coil spring 12 is used as an elastic member that biases the screw piece 3 toward the slide surface 9. In this embodiment, a member different from the nut body 2 is incorporated in the nut body 2 as a friction generating member, and a plate-like separate member 14 is used as the friction generating member. The tip of the plate-like separate member 14 is a protrusion that slightly protrudes toward the bolt insertion hole 5 side. One or more plate-like separate members 14 (two in this embodiment) are used, and are fitted into the nut body 2 so that the respective front end faces the bolt insertion holes 5. Further, the plate-like separate member 14 is attached to the nut body 2 so as to be in a position facing the screw piece 3. As the plate-like separate member 14, a material such as metal, resin, rubber, or the like can be used. By using such a friction generating member composed of the plate-like separate member 14, a frictional force is generated between the bolt 30 and the plate-like separate member 14, so that loosening can be prevented.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. When the strength (hardness) of the plate-like separate member 14 that is a friction generating member is larger (harder) than that of the bolt 30, if the nut body 2 is rotated in the direction of removing from the bolt 30 (relaxing direction), the plate-like Since the edge of the separate member 14 bites into the thread of the bolt 30, it does not loosen until the screw thread of the bolt is broken (that is, until the plate-shaped separate member 14 scrapes off the thread of the bolt). On the other hand, when the strength (hardness) of the plate-like separate member 14 is smaller (soft) than the bolt 30, the edge of the plate-like separate member 14 follows the thread of the bolt by tightening the nut body 2 to the bolt 30. It collapses like so. For this reason, if it tries to turn to the direction (releasing direction) which removes the nut main body 2, it will become difficult to loosen with the frictional force between the crushed plate-like another member 14 and the screw thread of the volt | bolt 30. FIG. In this case, it can be loosened by applying a force greater than the frictional force.

  About the direction of attachment of the plate-shaped separate member 14 with respect to the nut main body 2, it is preferable to set so that angle (beta) of the part which protrudes in the bolt insertion hole 5 of the nut main body 2 may be 90 degrees or more. That is, when the bolt 30 (in this case, a right-handed bolt) is fixed, the edge angle of the plate-like separate member 14 is loose when the nut body 2 is rotated in the P direction (tightening direction). Therefore, it is relatively easy to turn, but rotation in the Q direction (relaxation direction) opposite to this makes the edge angle of the separate member 14 stand up, so that it easily bites into the thread of the bolt 30, This is because it becomes difficult to turn. In addition, about the relationship of the intensity | strength between the plate-shaped separate member 14 which is a friction generating member, and the volt | bolt 30, and the attachment angle to the nut main body 2 of the plate-shaped separate member 14, it is protrusion in the said 2nd Embodiment. The same applies to the section 13.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 8 shows a loosening prevention nut 1 </ b> C according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which a coil spring 12 is used as an elastic member for urging the screw piece 3. In this embodiment, a roller type one-way clutch 15 is used as the friction generating member 4. The roller type one-way clutch 15 is configured by attaching a roller 15 a and a spring 15 b for urging the roller to the inner surface of the bolt insertion hole 5 in the nut body 2. In the roller type one-way clutch 15, the roller 15 a can escape and rotate the nut body 2 in the tightening direction to the bolt 30, whereas the roller 15 a can be turned to the bolt 30 in the loosening direction of the bolt 30. Engage, and this engagement prevents rotation of the bolt 30. Therefore, it is possible to prevent loosening. The roller type one-way clutch 15 may be provided in the screw piece 3 without being used in the nut body 2.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 9 shows a loosening prevention nut 1D according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which a coil spring 12 is used as an elastic member that biases the screw piece 3 toward the slide surface 9. In this embodiment, a plurality of (two in this embodiment) coils 17 are used as the friction generating member 4. The coil 17 preferably has a spring property. The coil 17 is attached by fitting into the nut body 2 so as to face the screw piece 3 across the bolt insertion hole 5. When the coil 17 is engaged with the male screw portion 30a of the bolt 30, a frictional force is generated to prevent loosening.

  FIG. 10 shows the operation of the coil 17. The wire diameter of the coil 17 is preferably equal to or slightly smaller than the thread pitch of the male thread portion 30a in the bolt 30. With such a dimensional relationship, as shown in FIG. 10B, the wire material of the coil 17 bites into and engages with the thread of the bolt 30, so that a large frictional force is generated between the bolt 30 and the coil 17. Is generated, and a large loosening prevention effect can be obtained.

  In this embodiment, the winding direction of the coil 17 is preferably the same as the direction of the screw of the bolt 30. By setting the same direction as this, as shown in FIG. 10 (c), the wire rod of the coil 17 bites into the thread of the bolt 30, so that a stronger biting force can be obtained and a large loosening prevention effect is exerted. Can be made.

(Sixth embodiment)
FIG. 11 shows a loosening prevention nut 1E according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which a coil spring 12 is used as an elastic member for biasing the screw piece 3. In this embodiment, the friction generating member 18 is disposed inside the screw piece 3. The friction generating member 18 is provided corresponding to the female thread portion 3 a of the screw piece 3, and at the same time as the screw piece 3 is screwed with the bolt 30, the friction generating member 18 presses the bolt 30. Prevention can be performed.

(Seventh embodiment)
FIG. 12 shows a loosening prevention nut 1 </ b> F according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention, and two screw pieces 3 are arranged with respect to the nut body 2. The two screw pieces 3 are arranged at opposing positions around the bolt insertion hole 5, and are inserted into the screw piece recesses 6 of the nut body 2 and slides formed in the nut body 2. It slides along the surface 9. Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 11, a friction generating member 18 is attached to each screw piece 3. In this embodiment, the screw piece 3 is engaged from both sides of the bolt 30 and the friction generating member 18 generates a frictional force from both sides of the bolt 30, so that loosening can be prevented.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, although illustration is omitted, a material having a frictional force larger than that of the bolt 30 or the screw piece 3 is applied to or coated on the outer surface of the female screw portion 3a of the screw piece 3 or the male screw portion 30a of the bolt 30. A film as the generating member may be formed.

(A) is a top view in 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) is a front view, (c) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (d) is the sectional view on the AA line of (c). (A)-(d) is sectional drawing which shows the action | operation of 1st Embodiment. (A), (b) is sectional drawing which shows the clamping operation | movement of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the loosening prevention effect | action in 1st Embodiment. (A) is a top view in 2nd Embodiment, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (c) is the HH sectional view taken on the line of (b). (A) is a top view in 3rd Embodiment, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (c) is the II sectional view taken on the line of (b). It is sectional drawing explaining the effect | action of 3rd Embodiment. (A) is a top view in 4th Embodiment, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (c) is the JJ sectional view taken on the line of (b). (A) is a top view in 5th Embodiment, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (c) is the KK sectional view taken on the line of (b). (A)-(c) is a side view which shows the action | operation of 1st Embodiment. (A) is a top view in 6th Embodiment, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (c) is the MM sectional view taken on the line of (b). (A) is a top view in 7th Embodiment, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (c) is the NN sectional view taken on the line of (b).

Explanation of symbols

1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F Loosening prevention nut 2 Nut body 3 Screw piece 3a Female thread portion 4 Friction generating member 5 Bolt insertion hole 8 Tongue protrusion (elastic member)
9 Slide surface 10 Cover 12 Coil spring (elastic member)
13 Protrusion (friction generating member)
14 Separate member of plate material (friction generating member)
15 Roller type one-way clutch (friction generating member)
17 Coil (friction generating member)
18 Friction generating member 30 bolt

Claims (3)

A nut main body having a bolt insertion hole into which a bolt is inserted and one or more screw-piece recesses having a slide surface inclined in a direction away from the bolt insertion hole along the bolt insertion direction;
A screw piece that is in a state of being prevented from being removed in the nut body, is inserted into the recess for the screw piece so as to slide on the slide surface, and is detachably engaged with the bolt,
Wherein provided on the inner portion of the nut main body, and a friction generating member which generates a frictional force between the screw piece cut into the bolt by engagement of the bolt thread piece,
The friction generating member is anti-loosening nut, characterized in that said are provided, et al is the bolt insertion hole so as to face the threaded piece in a state of extending in the axial direction of the nut body.   The loosening prevention nut according to claim 1, further comprising an elastic member that urges the screw piece to slide on the slide surface in the direction of the bolt. The friction generating member is any one of the following (a) to ( d ) or a combination selected from a plurality of (a), (b), (c), and (d). 2. A loosening prevention nut according to 2.
(A) a protrusion formed in the bolt insertion hole integrally with the nut body so as to protrude from the bolt insertion hole ; and (b) a bolt insertion hole made of a separate member from the nut body and protruding from the bolt insertion hole. protrusions formed in (c) before Kibo belt insertion hole from the bolt insertion hole is attached to the inner surface inside the roller type one-way clutch; (d) bolt in the nut body as part of the roller protrudes screw a chewing Komu diameter while a coil portion is mounted fitted inside the nut the body so as to protrude from the bolt insertion hole

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