JP5274346B2 - Surface inspection apparatus and surface inspection method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To distinguish a latch in an open state of a cover, using a simple constitution. <P>SOLUTION: A surface inspection apparatus which inspects a state of a component attaching to an object by contrasting a template image and an image obtained by photographing the component, while relatively making the object move, includes: a collation value calculating section 27 for extracting a plurality of contours of the component and calculating the collation value, representing the degree of coincidence between a template and each contour, by executing a template matching for the contour and the template corresponding to the contour; and an image determining section 24 for determining the contour image of the component, based on the absolute value of the collation value. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a surface inspection apparatus and a surface inspection method for performing surface inspection of a moving object.

  Generally, a storage box is installed in the lower floor of a railway vehicle to store and fix drive device control equipment and air conditioning equipment necessary for running the vehicle. A cover that can be opened and closed is attached. The cover is fixed by a plurality of bolts and a rotary latch provided side by side at substantially the same height. These bolts or rotary latches are used according to the opening and closing frequency of the cover. For example, since a periodic inspection is performed, a latch is used to fix a cover that is opened and closed relatively frequently. Bolts are used for infrequent covers. A generally circular reinforcing metal fitting is generally mounted around the bolt or the rotary latch, and the diameter of the reinforcing metal fitting is different for the bolt and the latch.

  During periodic inspection, an operator rotates the latch 90 degrees to check the devices in the storage box, switches to the open state, and removes the cover. When the inspection is completed, the worker attaches the cover to the side of the storage box and reverses the latch by 90 degrees to switch to the closed state. At this time, if the operator forgets to close the latches, the cover will fall off while driving, and it may cause serious damage to the track and surrounding facilities and residents. Check that all the latches are closed. This is one of the important inspection items. However, the number of latches for the cover of a single train is huge, which may lead to oversight due to accumulated worker fatigue and increase inspection time, as well as a large number of inspection workers due to time constraints. There was a problem that the cost would be excessive if the power was introduced.

  As means for satisfying such needs, the prior art disclosed in the following Patent Document 1 compares the information on the fastening state of the bolt with the information on the normal fastening state of the bolt, and determines whether or not the bolt is loosened. It makes it possible to speed up the looseness inspection and reduce the cost of inspection work.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-278116

  However, in the prior art represented by the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, statistical calculation must be performed using a large number of point data forming a straight line in order to detect highly accurate angle information of the bolt contour. There is a problem that the inspection work may be delayed due to complicated processing.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a surface inspection apparatus and a surface inspection method that can realize further increase in speed of surface inspection.

To achieve the above object, the present invention is by comparison between the image and the template image of the captured components to be attached to the surface of the railway vehicle while the rail vehicles are relatively moved, the surface inspection apparatus for inspecting the condition of the component , the center of the rotary latch in a non-desired state in which the first template representing a heart outline image of the latch, and the relative rotational angle with respect to latch on the desired state exceeds a predetermined range of the desired state A first matching value indicating a degree of coincidence between the first template and the center contour image of the latch to be determined based on template matching by a second template representing a contour image; and the second template and the verification value calculation unit and the central unit outline image of said latch to be determined to calculate the second verification value indicating the degree of matching, prior If the maximum value of the second matching value is greater than the maximum value of the first matching value, and determines the image determining unit that the heart outline image of said latch is non desired state, the image determining unit And a surface inspection unit that inspects parts attached to the surface of the railcar based on the determination result.

  According to the present invention, a matching score indicating a degree of coincidence between a template related to an image such as a latch stored in advance and an image such as a latch captured from a line sensor camera is calculated, and based on the matching score corresponding to each template. Since the orientation of the contour image is determined, there is an effect that the surface inspection can be further speeded up.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a surface inspection system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a side surface of the railway vehicle. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the surface inspection apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation procedure of the surface inspection apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a matching score calculation process. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a template for determining the contour of the latch central portion. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the orientation image orientation determination process according to the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a contour image of a latch central portion created by the surface inspection apparatus according to the second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a state in which a horizontal outline image is subjected to Hough transform using a straight line group. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the orientation image orientation determination processing according to the second embodiment.

  Embodiments of a surface inspection apparatus and a surface inspection method according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
(Configuration of surface inspection system)
1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a surface inspection system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a side surface of a railway vehicle.

  In FIG. 1, a surface inspection system 100 includes a vehicle 4 that is a moving object, an illumination 3 that is a means for illuminating the vehicle 4, a surface inspection device 1, and a line sensor camera (hereinafter simply referred to as “camera”) 2. FIG. 1 shows these arrangement relationships as a plan view.

  The vehicle 4 is a railway vehicle such as a train. The illumination 3 is a continuous light source such as a halogen lamp, for example. When the vehicle 4 is imaged by the camera 2, the illumination light is irradiated on the surface of the vehicle 4, and a vertically long region slightly wider than the imaging range by the camera 2 is formed. Illuminate. Further, if a light shielding plate is provided behind the camera 2, the background light is not reflected on the surface of the vehicle 4 and captured.

  The camera 2 includes a plurality of pixels arranged in a column matrix, and captures an imaging range (vertically long region) in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the vehicle 4 as a one-dimensional image. The camera 2 sequentially images each part of the vehicle 4, for example, an image imaging range 7 as shown in FIG. 2 while relatively moving the vehicle 4, and sends the captured image to the surface inspection apparatus 1. In FIG. 1, the optical axis of the camera 2 is indicated by an arrow extending from the vehicle 4 toward the camera 2.

  The camera 2 is fixedly installed at a predetermined position. For example, a side surface of the vehicle 4 that has entered the garage, for example, a bolt 10 that is a first part for fixing a cover 13 under the floor, and a lateral direction that is a second part. An image capturing range 7 in which the latch 11 or the vertical latch 12 is fastened is captured. The horizontal width of the image capturing range 7 corresponds to substantially the same length as the vehicle 4, and the vertical width is a predetermined width W that can be captured by the camera 2. As the types of latches, there are a lateral latch 11 (hereinafter simply referred to as “latch 11”) indicating the closed state of the cover 13 and a vertical latch 12 (hereinafter simply referred to as “latch 12”) indicating the open state. Depending on the tightening state, the latch may be in a closed or open state without showing a complete vertical or horizontal direction. Therefore, in this embodiment, the latch is considered in consideration of these factors. The direction will be described as closed or open.

  When the vehicle 4 passes in front of the camera 2, the surface inspection apparatus 1 takes in a one-dimensional image signal sent from the camera 2 and continuously generates two-dimensional image data to thereby inspect the surface of the vehicle 4. A computer that performs Hereinafter, the internal configuration of the surface inspection apparatus 1 will be described.

(Configuration of surface inspection equipment)
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the surface inspection apparatus according to the first embodiment. The surface inspection apparatus 1 mainly includes an image input unit 21, an image storage unit 22, a template storage unit 23, a collation value calculation unit 27, an image determination unit 24, an output unit 25, a surface inspection unit 28, and respective components thereof. It has the control part 20 which manages operation | movement of an element.

  An image of the image capturing range 7 of the vehicle 4 is input to the image input unit 21 as an image of the vehicle 4 captured by the camera 2, and the image input unit 21 sends the image to the image storage unit 22.

  The template storage unit 23 is an area for storing the shapes of the bolts 10, the latches 11, and the latches 12 to be imaged as templates, and the image storage unit 22 stores the image capturing range 7 sent from the image input unit 21. This is an area for creating and storing an entire image in the moving direction of the vehicle 4 by combining the images.

  The template includes, for example, a bolt template A (hereinafter simply referred to as “template A”) corresponding to the contour image of the outer peripheral circular portion of the bolt 10, and the contour of the outer peripheral circular portion of the latch 11 or the latch 12. This is a latching template B (hereinafter simply referred to as “template B”) which is a second template corresponding to an image.

  Further, the template includes a horizontal latch template H1 (hereinafter simply referred to as “template H1”), which is a third template corresponding to the contour image of the oval object at the center of the latch 11, and the oval at the center of the latch 12. This is a vertical latch template V1 (hereinafter simply referred to as “template V1”), which is a fourth template corresponding to the contour image of the mold object.

  The template H1 represents a contour image of a component in a desired state, and the template V1 represents a contour image of a component in an undesired state with a relative rotation angle exceeding a predetermined range with respect to the component in the desired state. . Further, in the present embodiment, a part in a desired state is described as a horizontal latch 11 having an elliptical outline in the horizontal direction, for example, and a part in an undesired state has an elliptical outline in the vertical direction, for example. The vertical latch 12 will be described below, but is not limited to these shapes.

(Verification value calculation unit)
The matching value calculation unit 27 performs template matching or pattern matching processing between the templates A and B and the contour images of the bolt 10, the latch 11, and the latch 12 on the image recorded in the image storage unit 22, A matching score indicating the degree of matching between each template A and B and each image is calculated.

  The collation value calculation unit 27 specifies the position of the latch 11 or the latch 12 in the image using the maximum value of the matching score. Thereafter, a matching score for the contour image of the central region of the latch 11 or the latch 12 is calculated. At this time, the collation value calculation unit 27 calculates a horizontal matching score Sh and a vertical matching score Sv for each of the latch 11 and the latch 12.

(Image judgment part)
The image determination unit 24 uses the matching scores Sh and Sv to determine whether the directions of the latch 11 and the latch 12 are the closed state or the open state. When determining that the latch 12 is the vertical latch 12, the image determination unit 24 sends a determination result to the surface inspection unit 28.

  The surface inspection unit 28 specifies the position of the vertical latch 12 in the captured image and outputs predetermined information to the output unit 25. The output unit 25 sends the determination result to a warning device (not shown). As a result, it is possible to notify the worker that the latch 12 to be inspected includes the open vertical latch 12.

(Operation of surface inspection equipment)
Next, an operation procedure of the surface inspection apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation procedure of the surface inspection apparatus according to the first embodiment. Each template information is stored in advance in the template storage unit 23 of the surface inspection apparatus 1. When the vehicle 4 moving on the track passes the position pointed to by the optical axis of the camera 2 from the head portion to the rear end portion of the vehicle 4, the camera 2 sequentially captures the image capturing range 7 on the side surface of the vehicle 4, The captured image is sent to the surface inspection apparatus 1.

(Step S110)
The image input unit 21 captures an image in the image capturing range 7 and sends the image to the image storage unit 22. The image storage unit 22 stores the entire image in the moving direction of the vehicle 4 by combining the images from the image input unit 21 (step S110).

(Step S120)
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a matching score calculation process. The image shown in FIG. 5 is an image stored in the image storage unit 22. The image shows a part of a horizontally long image sequentially captured from the left of the vehicle 4, and two bolts 10, a horizontal latch 11, and a vertical latch 12 are displayed.

  As described above, the circular reinforcing metal fittings are mounted around the bolts 10 and the like, and the size of the circular metal fittings for the bolts 10 and the circular metal parts of the reinforcing metal fittings for the latch 11 or the latch 12 are as follows. It is characterized by being different from the size. These circular portions are represented as an image in which the portions of the contours 30 to 32 are emphasized as shown in FIG. 5 by the contour extraction processing or the edge extraction processing. Note that the outline extraction process and the like are well-known techniques, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 5 shows a state of the template A or the template B that is sequentially moved from the upper end to the lower end of the image. The length of one side of the template A corresponds to the diameter of the contour 30, and the length of one side of the template B corresponds to the diameter of the contour 31 or the contour 32. FIG. 5 shows a change in matching score between the template A or B in the Y-axis direction and each contour image such as the bolt 10.

  The matching value calculation unit 27 calculates a pattern matching score between the contour image such as the bolt 10 stored in the image storage unit 22 and the template A or B stored in the template storage unit 23 in the following procedure.

  The collation value calculation unit 27 sequentially moves the template A in the vertical direction of the screen in order to specify the position of the bolt 10. Next, in order to specify the position of the latch 11 or 12, the template B is sequentially moved in the vertical direction of the screen. Here, since the matching score in the vertical direction is proportional to the size of the contours 30 to 32, the maximum value Syp is indicated at a point where the contours 30 to 32 are maximum. Accordingly, when the template A or the template B is moved in the Y-axis direction, the matching value calculation unit 27 specifies the position of the bolt 10 or the like to be inspected by calculating the maximum value Syp of the matching score ( Step S120).

(Step S130)
Next, the collation value calculation unit 27 calculates a horizontal matching score for the horizontally long image shown in FIG.

  An example of template A and template B stored in the template storage unit 23 is shown on the left side of FIG. The right side of FIG. 5 shows changes in the matching score between the template A and each of the contours 30 to 32 in the X-axis direction, and changes in the matching score between the template B and each of the contours 30 to 32 in the X-axis direction. .

  The matching value calculation unit 27 continuously calculates a matching score between the template A or B and each of the contours 30 to 32 in the X-axis direction. FIG. 5 shows a matching score Spa1 and a matching score Spa2, which are first matching values indicating the degree of matching between the template A and each contour 30 or 31, as an example of the matching score in the X-axis direction with respect to the template A. . Further, in FIG. 5, as an example of the matching score in the X-axis direction with respect to the template B, a matching score Spb1 and a matching score Spb2 that are second matching values indicating the degree of matching between the template B and each contour 30 or 31 are shown. It is shown.

  The matching score Spa1 has a larger value than the matching score Spa2, and the matching score Spb2 has a larger value than the matching score Spb1. That is, the relationship is Spa1> Spa2, Spb1 <Spb2.

  The image determination unit 24 compares the horizontal (X) direction maximum value Spa by the template A and the horizontal maximum value Spb by the template B for each of the contours 30 to 32, and if Spa <Spb (step) S130, Yes), it is determined that the horizontal latch 11 or the vertical latch 12 exists at that position.

  On the other hand, when Spa> Spb (step S130, No), the image determination unit 24 determines that the horizontal latch 11 or the vertical latch 12 does not exist at that position, and the collation value calculation unit 27 performs the process of step S120. Execute.

  The exact position of the bolt 10 or the latch 11 or the latch 12 is when the matching score in the Y-axis direction and the matching score in the X-axis direction both show maximum values. In this way, the identification processing of the inspection object by the surface inspection apparatus 1 specifies the position of the horizontal latch 11 or the vertical latch 12 to be inspected.

(Step S140)
Next, the operation for determining the direction of the latches 11 and 12 will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a template for discriminating the contour of the latch center, and FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the contour image orientation discrimination processing according to the first embodiment.

  The lateral (closed) latch 11 shown on the left side of FIG. 6 has an outline 41 having an elliptical shape or an oval shape with the X-axis direction as a major axis in the drawing. Further, the vertical (open) latch 12 has an outline 42 having an elliptical shape or an oval shape having a major axis in the Y-axis direction in the drawing.

  Further, on the right side of FIG. 6, a horizontal latch template H1 having a contour 51 created by cutting out the region of the contour 41 is shown, and the portrait orientation having the contour 52 created by cutting out the region of the contour 42 is shown. A latch template V1 is shown. The contour 51 corresponds to the contour 41, the contour 52 corresponds to the contour 42, and the templates H1 and V1 are stored in the template storage unit 23 in advance.

  The matching value calculation unit 27 calculates a matching score Sh that is a first matching value indicating the degree of matching between the contours 41 and 42 and the template H1, and determines the degree of matching between the contours 41 and 42 and the template V1. A matching score Sv, which is the second matching value shown, is calculated.

  Here, since the outline 51 of the template H1 is substantially equal to the outline 41 as described in FIG. 6, the maximum value Sh of the matching score between the template H1 and the horizontal latch 11 is the matching between the template V1 and the horizontal latch 11. The value is larger than the maximum value Sv of the score.

  Further, since the contour 52 of the template V1 is substantially equal to the contour 42, the maximum value Sv of the matching score between the template V1 and the vertical latch 12 is compared with the maximum value Sh of the matching score between the template V1 and the vertical latch 12. Shows a large value. That is, Sh> Sv for the template H1, and Sh <Sv for the template V1.

  As a result, the image determination unit 24 determines that the latch is in a closed state when Sh> Sv, and determines that the latch is in an open state when Sh <Sv. If Sh <Sv (step S140, Yes), the image determination unit 24 transmits the determination result to the surface inspection unit 28, and the surface inspection unit 28 transmits the position of the opened latch 12 to the output unit 25. Then, the output unit 25 sends the determination result to a warning device (not shown) (step S150). On the other hand, when Sh> Sv (step S140, No), the matching value calculation unit 27 executes the process of step S120.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 and the like, the contours 31 to 32 of the bolt 10 or the like are similar circular shapes, but are not limited to circular shapes, and their outer diameters must be the same. For example, a similar contour including irregularities may be used. Further, as shown in FIG. 6 and the like, the contour 41 is an elliptical shape whose longitudinal direction extends in a substantially horizontal direction, and the contour 42 is an elliptical shape whose longitudinal direction extends in a substantially vertical direction, but is limited to an elliptical shape. As long as the shapes are different from each other, for example, a contour including unevenness may be used. Further, each template may include information such as a bright and dark image and color when the bolt 10 is imaged.

  Further, the speed at which the template A or B is moved on the screen shown in FIG. 5 is not limited to a constant speed, and can be applied even when the speed changes. For example, after each template is first moved at a rough pitch, each template may be moved at a fine pitch near the maximum value of each matching score.

  Further, in the present embodiment, an image when the vehicle 4 side is moved is used, but the present invention is not limited to this, and an image obtained by relatively moving the vehicle 4 and the camera 2 may be used. Good.

  As described above, the surface inspection apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment matches a template related to an image such as the latch 11 stored in the template storage unit 23 in advance with an image such as the latch 11 captured from the camera 2. Since the score is calculated and the direction of the horizontal latch 11 or the vertical latch 12 is determined based on the matching score corresponding to each template, it is possible to realize further speedup of the surface inspection. is there. As a result, it is possible to further increase the efficiency of the inspection work and to further reduce the cost required for the inspection work as compared with the prior art.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the second embodiment, the image from the camera 2 is configured to determine the orientations of the horizontal latch 11 and the vertical latch 12 using a linear element extraction technique such as Hough transform (Hough transform). Yes. The configuration of each part of the surface inspection apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those of the first embodiment. Detailed description is omitted. The operations in steps S110 to S130 according to the first embodiment are the same in the present embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted below.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a contour image of a latch central portion created by the surface inspection apparatus according to the second embodiment. The collation value calculation unit 27 cuts out a circular area including the contour 41 at the center of the latch from the horizontal latch 11 and creates a horizontal contour image H2 having a contour 51 as shown on the right side of FIG. In addition, the collation value calculation unit 27 cuts out a circular area including the latch 42 at the center of the latch from the vertical latch 12, and creates a vertical contour image V2 having a contour 52 as shown on the right side of FIG.

(First straight line group and first value)
FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a state in which a horizontal outline image is subjected to Hough transform using a straight line group. The left side of FIG. 9A shows a contour image H2 of the lateral latch 11, and the left side of the contour image H2 is parallel to the contour image of the component in a desired state with respect to the straight portion in the short direction of the contour. A straight line group 71 which is a first straight line group including a straight line V3 and a straight line within a predetermined angle range from the straight line V3 is shown. For example, the predetermined angle range of the straight line group 71 is set to +80 degrees to +100 degrees with respect to the straight line V3 parallel to the contour image of the component in the desired state. The score Sh, which is the first value indicating the degree of contact between the straight line group 71 and the central contour portion of the contour image, is, as shown in the diagram on the right side of FIG. Maximum when touched. In addition, regarding the relationship between the straight line group and the first value score Sh when a vertically oriented contour image (not shown) is used, the contour image H2 shown in FIG. 9A is read as the vertically oriented contour image V2. The description is omitted below.

  The left side of FIG. 9B shows a contour image H2 of the horizontal latch 11, and the left side of the contour image H2 is parallel to the contour image of the component in a desired state with respect to the straight line portion in the longitudinal direction of the contour. A straight line group 70 that is a second straight line group including the straight line H3 and a straight line within a predetermined angle range from the straight line H3 is shown. The predetermined angle range of the straight line group 70 is set to, for example, +10 degrees to −10 degrees with respect to the straight line H3 parallel to the contour image of the component in the desired state. The score Sv, which is the second value indicating the degree of contact between the straight line group 70 and the center contour portion of the contour image, is represented by the straight line H3 and the straight straight portion in the longitudinal direction, as shown in the diagram on the right side of FIG. The score Sv is maximized when touching. As for the relationship between the straight line group and the score Sv as the second value when a vertical contour image (not shown) is used, the contour image H2 shown in FIG. 9B is read as the vertical contour image V2. The description is omitted below. The predetermined angle range described above is not limited to these.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the orientation image orientation determination processing according to the second embodiment. When comparing the maximum value of the Hough transform score Sh described in FIGS. 8 to 9 with the maximum value of the score Sv, the image determination unit 24 determines that the latch 11 is in the horizontal direction when Sh> Sv, and Sh < In the case of Sv, it is determined that the latch 12 is vertically oriented.

  In the present embodiment, the Hough transform is performed only when the contours 41 and 42 of the latch center portion are in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) or the vertical direction (vertical direction). However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can also be applied when the longitudinal angle of the contours 41 and 42 is an angle of 45 degrees or 135 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction.

  As described above, the surface inspection apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment extracts the images H2 and V2 at the center from the latches 11 and 12 fetched from the camera 2 and converts them into the images H2 and V2 by Hough transform. Since the corresponding Hough transform scores Sh and Sv are determined, even if the captured image contour of the latch does not completely match the template due to a manufacturing error or aging deterioration, the latch 12 It is possible to determine the direction.

  The configuration of the surface inspection apparatus shown in Embodiments 1 and 2 shows an example of the contents of the present invention, and can be combined with another known technique, and the gist of the present invention. Of course, it is possible to change and configure such as omitting a part without departing from the above.

  As described above, the surface inspection apparatus and the surface inspection method according to the present invention are suitable for surface inspection of a moving object.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Surface inspection apparatus 2 Line sensor camera 3 Illumination 4 Vehicle 7 Image pick-up range 10 Volt (1st component)
11 Lateral latch (second part)
12 Longitudinal latch (second part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 Cover 20 Control part 21 Image input part 22 Image storage part 23 Template memory | storage part 24 Image determination part 25 Output part 27 Collation value calculation part 28 Surface inspection part 30, 31, 32, 41, 42, 51, 52 Contour 70, 71 Straight line group (first straight line group, second straight line group)
100 Surface inspection system A Bolt template (first template)
B Latch template (second template)
H1 Sideways latch template (third template)
H2 Landscape profile H3, V3 Straight line parallel to the profile image V1 Vertical latch template (fourth template)
V2 Vertical profile image Sh Horizontal matching score (first matching value, first value)
Sv Vertical matching score (second matching value, second value)
Syp Maximum matching score in the Y axis direction Spa Maximum matching score value in the X axis direction for the template A (first matching value)
Spa1 Maximum value in bolts by template A Spa2 Maximum value in latches by template A Spb Maximum matching score in the X-axis direction for template B (second matching value)
Spb1 Maximum value at bolt by template B Spb2 Maximum value at latch by template B W Predetermined width

Claims (8)

In the surface inspection apparatus for inspecting the state of the component by comparing the template image and the image obtained by imaging the component attached to the surface of the rail vehicle while relatively moving the rail vehicle ,
First template, and the relative rotational angle with respect to latch on the desired state of the rotary latch in a non-desired state exceeds a predetermined range center contour representing the heart outline image of the latch on the desired state Based on template matching by a second template representing an image, a first matching value indicating a degree of coincidence between the first template and a central part contour image of the determination target latch , and the second template A collation value calculating unit that calculates a second collation value indicating the degree of coincidence with the central part contour image of the latch to be determined;
If the maximum value of the second matching value is greater than the maximum value of the first matching value, and determines the image determining unit that the heart outline image of said latch is non desired state,
A surface inspection unit for inspecting parts attached to the surface of the railcar based on the determination result of the image determination unit;
A surface inspection apparatus comprising: A surface inspection apparatus comprising a surface inspection unit that inspects a part attached to the surface of the railway vehicle by comparing a template image with an image obtained by imaging the part attached to the surface of the railway vehicle while relatively moving the railway vehicle. In
Based on the template matching by the first template representing the outer periphery contour image of the bolt and the second template representing the outer contour image of the latch , the degree of matching between the first template and the outer contour image of the bolt is shown. A collation value calculation unit that calculates a first collation value, a second collation value indicating a degree of coincidence between the second template and the outer peripheral contour image of the latch ;
If the maximum value of the second matching value is greater than the maximum value of the first matching value, and the determined image determining unit outline image of the imaged part is a contour image of the latching rotary ,
With
The collation value calculation unit
Third template, and the relative rotational angle with respect to the latch on the desired state of the latch in a non-desired state exceeds a predetermined range center contour representing the heart outline image of the latch on the desired state Based on template matching by a fourth template representing an image, a first matching value indicating a degree of coincidence between the third template and a central part contour image of the determination target latch , and the fourth template Calculating a second collation value indicating a degree of coincidence with the central outline image of the latch to be determined;
The image determination unit
If the maximum value of the second verification value is larger than the maximum value of the first verification value, determine that the contour image of the latch is in an undesired state;
The surface inspection unit is
Inspecting parts attached to the surface of the railway vehicle based on the determination result of the image determination unit;
Surface inspection device characterized by. In a surface inspection apparatus that inspects the state of the component by comparing a template image with an image obtained by imaging a component attached to the surface of the object while relatively moving the object,
A first straight line group including a straight line parallel to a contour image of a part in a desired state and a straight line within a predetermined angle range from the straight line, and a relative rotation angle with respect to the part in the desired state exceeds a predetermined range Based on the Hough transform using the second straight line group including the straight line parallel to the contour image of the part in the undesired state and the straight line within the predetermined angle range from the straight line, the first straight line group and the determination target A collation value calculating unit that calculates a first value indicating a degree of contact between the contour image of the part and a second value indicating a degree of contact between the second line group and the contour image of the part to be determined When,
An image determination unit that determines that the contour image of the component is in an undesired state when the absolute value of the second value is larger than the absolute value of the first value;
A surface inspection unit that inspects parts attached to the surface of the object based on a determination result of the image determination unit;
A surface inspection apparatus comprising: The predetermined angle range is +10 degrees to -10 degrees from a straight line parallel to the contour image of the part in the desired state, or +80 degrees to +100 degrees from a straight line parallel to the contour image of the part in the undesired state. surface inspection apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that in the range of. The contour image of the component in the desired state is a substantially elliptical contour composed of a linear portion whose longitudinal direction is a substantially horizontal direction and a linear portion whose transverse direction is a substantially vertical direction. Item 5. The surface inspection apparatus according to Item 4 . In a surface inspection method applicable to a surface inspection apparatus that inspects the state of the component by comparing a template image with an image obtained by imaging a component attached to the surface of the rail vehicle while relatively moving the rail vehicle ,
It represents the heart outline image of the latch in a non-desired state in which the first template, and the relative rotational angle with respect to latch on the desired state exceeds a predetermined range representing a heart outline image of the latch on the desired state Storing a second template;
Based on template matching by the first template and the second template, a first collation value indicating a degree of matching between the first template and a central part contour image of the latch to be determined; and A collation value calculating step of calculating a second collation value indicating the degree of coincidence between the second template and the central portion contour image of the determination target latch ;
If the maximum value of the second matching value from the verification value calculation step is greater than the maximum value of the first matching value, the outline image of said latch and determining steps to be non-desired state ,
Inspecting parts attached to the surface of the railway vehicle based on the determination result from the determination step;
A surface inspection method comprising: In a surface inspection method applicable to a surface inspection apparatus that inspects the state of a component by comparing a template image with an image obtained by imaging a component attached to the surface of the object while relatively moving the object,
A first straight line group including a straight line parallel to a contour image of a part in a desired state and a straight line within a predetermined angle range from the straight line, and a relative rotation angle with respect to the part in the desired state exceeds a predetermined range Storing a second straight line group including a straight line parallel to the contour image of the part in an undesired state and a straight line within a predetermined angle range from the straight line;
A first value indicating a degree of contact between the first straight line group and the contour image of the part to be determined based on the Hough transform using the first straight line group and the second straight line group; and A collation value calculating step of calculating a second value indicating the degree of contact between the second straight line group and the contour image of the part to be determined;
A determination step of determining that the contour image of the part is in an undesired state when the absolute value of the second value from the collation value calculating step is larger than the absolute value of the first value;
Inspecting parts attached to the surface of the object based on the determination result of the image determination unit from the determination step;
A surface inspection method comprising: The contour image of the component in the desired state is a substantially elliptical contour composed of a linear portion whose longitudinal direction is a substantially horizontal direction and a linear portion whose transverse direction is a substantially vertical direction. Item 8. The surface inspection method according to Item 7 .

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