JP5271428B2 - Pile driver - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pile driving device that includes a vibration generating unit and can perform pile driving while applying vibration according to the ground condition.

  As an example of a conventional pile driving device, the following structure is known.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the pile driving device 31 is configured by suspending a vibro hammer 33 with a wire of a base machine 32 (crawler crane). A chuck 35 for holding the rigid sheet pile 34 is fixed to the tip of the vibro hammer 33. The pile driving device 31 press-fits or drives a rigid sheet pile 34 clamped at the tip of the vibro hammer 33 into the ground by its own weight and vibration generated from the vibro hammer 33 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Moreover, the following structure is known as one Example of the conventional pile driving device.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the pile driving device 41 is configured by a bracket 45 that has a leader 44 disposed at the tip of a boom 43 of the excavator car 42 and is driven up and down linearly via the leader 44. The bracket 45 can be driven up and down by a hydraulic cylinder 46, and the bracket 45 is attached with a turning mechanism, a vibrator and a pile chuck. And the jack 47 is arrange | positioned at the lower end side of the leader 44, and the attitude | position of the leader 44 is stabilized by making the jack 47 ground. For example, when pile driving in the vertical direction with respect to the ground, the bracket 45 is moved up and down linearly with respect to the leader 44 fixed in the vertical direction with respect to the ground, and pile driving is performed (for example, patents). Reference 2).

JP 2007-107218 A (page 5-6, Fig. 1-4) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 09-268558 (page 7-8, FIGS. 1, 4)

  In the conventional pile driving device 31 shown in FIG. 5, since a crawler crane is used as the base machine 32, it takes time to assemble and disassemble the crawler crane at the work site, making it difficult to shorten the process and reducing the work cost. There is a problem that it is difficult. For example, crawler crane assembly work and dismantling work takes about half a day to one day each, so extra work is required for preparation work other than pile driving work for about 1-2 days, resulting in extra costs such as labor costs. To do.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, in the construction method in which the vibratory hammer 33 is lifted by a crawler crane and the pile driving is performed by the vibration of the vibratory hammer 33 and the vibration of the vibratory hammer 33, a space for installing the crawler crane is required. There is a problem that it is difficult to work in a small site such as an urban area.

  In addition, by using a rough terrain crane or shovel car as a base machine, it is possible to work in the above-mentioned narrow field, but with a rough terrain crane etc., it is difficult to hang a vibro hammer due to weight and stability problems. There is a problem that the construction method must be used. And with the pressing force by an arm such as a rough terrain crane, there is a problem that it is difficult to press-fit a pile on a ground that is tightened like a gravel layer or a hard ground with a high N value.

  In addition, in the construction method using a rough terrain crane or excavator as the base machine, vibration is easily transmitted to the base machine via the arm. However, there is a problem that a structure in which vibration is difficult to be transmitted must be realized.

  Further, in the method of forming a hole in the ground by the earth auger method and driving a pile using the hole, it is necessary to fill the hole with cement milk. Furthermore, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce working costs because it is necessary to treat the residual soil generated when the holes are formed.

The pile driving device according to the present invention is made in view of each situation described above, and includes a pivotable main body portion, one end side fixed to the main body portion, a movable arm portion, and the arm portion. An excitation cover part disposed on the other end side of the vibration generator, an excitation part that is disposed in the excitation cover part and generates vibration, and a chuck part that is disposed on the distal end side of the excitation cover part and sandwiches the pile The vibration-generating portion and the chuck portion are fixed by a shaft steel material, the vibration-covering portion is in an unfixed state with respect to the shaft steel material, and the vibration-generating cover portion includes the shaft A shaft position fixing member is formed through which the steel material is inserted and movable along the shaft steel material , and the excitation cover portion is detachable from the rotating portion disposed at the tip of the other end side of the arm portion. And the vibration cover part is rotated in conjunction with the rotation part, and the cha Click unit may be rotated by contact with the shaft steel and the shaft position fixing member.

  In the present invention, the vibration generating part and the chuck part are fixedly connected by the shaft steel material, and the vibration generating cover part is not fixed to the shaft steel material, so that the vibration generated in the vibration generating part is efficient. Can be transmitted to the chuck part.

  Moreover, in this invention, by having a rotation part between an arm part and a vibration cover part, a vibration cover part rotates and a chuck | zipper part is made by a vibration cover part and a shaft steel material contacting. Can rotate in conjunction with each other.

  Moreover, in this invention, the chuck | zipper part is clamped so that the T-shaped part of H type steel material may be included, for example, and the construction method with which a pile is hard to be damaged by vibration is implement | achieved by transmitting a vibration to a pile.

  Moreover, in this invention, the cross-sectional shape of a shaft steel material becomes a polygonal shape, A contact area | region with the shaft position adjustment member arrange | positioned around a shaft steel material increases, and the rotation property of a chuck | zipper part is also improved.

  Further, in the present invention, for example, by performing pile driving in a state where the chuck portion sandwiches the connecting portion of the H-shaped steel material on the main body portion side, pile driving is performed even at a site where a building or the like is approaching the back surface. Can do.

It is a mimetic diagram for explaining a pile driving device in an embodiment of the invention. It is (A) schematic diagram, (B) schematic diagram, (C) schematic diagram for demonstrating the vibration generator of the pile driving device in embodiment of this invention. It is the (A) schematic diagram, (B) schematic diagram, (C) schematic diagram for demonstrating the chuck | zipper part of the pile driving device in embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the pile driving method using the pile driving apparatus in embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the pile driving device in conventional embodiment. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the pile driving device in conventional embodiment.

  Below, the pile driving device which is one embodiment of the present invention is explained. Drawing 1 is a mimetic diagram explaining a pile driving device. 2A to 2C are schematic views illustrating the structure of the vibration generator of the pile driving device. 3A to 3C are schematic views illustrating the structure of the chuck portion of the pile driving device.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the pile driving device 1 mainly includes a driving vehicle 2 that can be self-propelled by an engine drive, an arm portion 3 provided in the driving vehicle 2, and a rotation attached to the tip of the arm portion 3. Part 4, vibration cover part 5 detachably attached to the tip of rotating part 4, vibration part 10 (see FIG. 2) disposed in vibration cover part 5, vibration part 10, It has the chuck | zipper part 7 which connects via the shaft steel material 6 and clamps the pile 8. FIG. In the pile driving device 1, a steel sheet pile or a steel material such as an H-shaped steel material can be handled as the pile 8.

  The drive vehicle 2 is a vehicle capable of self-propelling, such as a rough terrain crane, a truck, and an excavator, and is a vehicle provided with an extendable arm unit 3. When a rough terrain crane is used as the driving vehicle 2, the size of the vehicle is smaller than that of the crawler crane, and it can easily move to a narrow pile driving site such as a residential area in Tokyo to perform the pile driving work. . Further, the rough terrain crane can turn the driver's seat including the arm portion 3 and has an advantage that the work area can be handled widely by turning 360 degrees even after the main body is fixed by the outrigger 9.

  The arm portion 3 of the driving vehicle 2 is hydraulically extendable and retractable. By adjusting the length of the arm portion 3 according to the state of insertion of the pile into the ground, the driving vehicle 2 does not move and the pile driving is performed. Work can be done. And the arm part 3 is the structure previously arranged by the drive vehicle 2, and unlike the crawler crane, it is not necessary to assemble an arm part on the spot, and the construction period of preparation work is shortened significantly. In the case of a shovel car, for example, it is a movable arm by a hydraulic mechanism.

  The rotating unit 4 is disposed at the tip of the arm unit 3 by bolting or pin coupling, and is, for example, a known shaft rotation type drive mechanism for an earth auger. Although details will be described later, when the horizontal direction of the pile (the position of the chuck portion 7) is shifted when the pile is inserted into the ground, the rotating portion 4 is rotated to adjust the direction of the chuck portion 7, It can be returned to the position. In addition, the rotation part 4 is hydraulically driven similarly to the arm part 3, and is appropriately rotated by an operation from the driver's seat.

  The vibration cover part 5 has a structure that is detachably connected to the rotating part 4, and is piled into the rotating part 4 at the work site and tightened with bolts. Is removed from the rotating part 4. Then, the vibrating cover unit 5 rotates in both horizontal directions in conjunction with the rotating operation of the rotating unit 4. Note that the pile driving device 1 uses a shaft rotation type drive mechanism for an earth auger as the rotating unit 4, and thus is used as an earth auger device when an auger screw is attached to the rotating unit 4. It becomes possible to do.

  The vibration generating unit 10 includes a known vibration generating mechanism such as an eccentric weight type, a crank type, a knuckle type, or a cylinder type, for example, and appropriately generates vibration by an operation from the driver's seat. And the shaft steel material 6 is fixed to the lower surface of the vibration generating part 10, and the chuck | zipper part 7 is fixed to the other end of the shaft steel material 6. FIG.

  The chuck portion 7 is fixed to the shaft steel material 6, but is not fixed to the excitation cover portion 5. Although details will be described later, since the vibration cover 5 is structured to move along the shaft steel material 6, vibration generated from the vibration generator 10 is efficiently transmitted to the chuck portion 7 via the shaft steel material 6. It is done.

  Further, the chuck portion 7 has a T-shaped sandwiching groove by, for example, a movable claw and a fixed claw, and is disposed in the sandwiching groove by moving the movable claw, for example, hydraulically. Pinch the pile. For example, when driving an H-shaped steel material, as shown in the drawing, the work can be performed with the T-shaped region of the H-shaped steel material on the drive vehicle 2 side being sandwiched. Therefore, even when a pile is driven near the wall of the building, the chuck portion 7 and the like are prevented from coming into contact with the wall and the like, and the pile can be driven as far as possible to the wall.

  FIG. 2A is a schematic view of the excitation cover unit 5 as viewed from the side surface on the front side, and illustrates the inside of the excitation cover unit 5. As illustrated, the vibration exciter 10 is disposed in the vibration exciter cover 5 and is bolted to the exciter cover 5 via an elastic member 11 having excellent weather resistance, abrasion resistance, tensile strength, etc., for example, urethane rubber. (Not shown) or the like. And the up-down direction on the paper surface of the arrow 12 indicates the pile driving direction, and the left-right direction on the paper surface of the arrow 13 indicates the horizontal direction with respect to the ground. It is fixed to the part 5 via an elastic member 11. With this structure, in the vibration cover part 5, rolling due to vibration generated in the vibration part 10 is greatly reduced by the elastic member 11, and the vibration cover part 5 can resonate in the horizontal direction in particular. It is greatly reduced.

  Further, shaft steel materials 6 and 14 are welded and fixed to the upper surface and the lower surface of the vibration exciter 10 indicated by arrows 12. The other end side of the shaft steel material 14 fixed to the upper surface of the vibration generating part 10 becomes an unfixed body with respect to the vibration generating cover part 5. On the other hand, the shaft steel material 6 fixed to the lower surface of the vibration generating unit 10 is welded and fixed to the chuck unit 7. The shaft steel materials 6 and 14 are formed from a hardened carbon steel material, for example, so that the shaft steel materials 6 and 14 are resistant to shear fracture, and the surface of the shaft steel materials 6 and 14 is resistant to friction by plating.

  In addition, the shaft position adjusting members 15 and 16 are arranged inside the excitation cover unit 5 as a part of the excitation cover unit 5. The shaft position adjusting members 15 and 16 have openings that are slightly larger than the shaft steel materials 6 and 14, respectively. The shaft steel materials 6 and 14 are inserted through the openings. With this structure, even when the vibration generating unit 10 receives a reaction force from the ground at the time of press-fitting through the shaft steel material 6 or when it receives its own vibration, the shaft steel materials 6 and 14 can be connected to the shaft position adjusting member. Since the positions are fixed by 15 and 16, the vibration generating unit 10 does not tilt from a desired position. And the pressing force by the arm part 3 is efficiently transmitted to the ground, and the vibration generated from the vibration generating part 10 is efficiently transmitted in the direction of arrow 12 (pile driving direction).

  FIG. 2 (B) is a schematic view of the excitation cover 5 as seen from the side surface on the back side, and shows the shaft position adjustment member 16 arranged on the shaft steel material 6 side. It is in a state in which it can move in the direction of arrow 12 (pile driving direction) along the shaft steel material 6 between the part 10 and the chuck part 7. When the shaft position adjustment member 16 is in a non-fixed state with respect to the shaft steel material 6, when vibration is generated from the vibration generating unit 10, the shaft position adjustment member 16 moves along the shaft steel material 6, Resonance of the vibrating cover 5 in the direction of arrow 12 is greatly reduced. With this structure, the drive vehicle 2 is less likely to vibrate via the vibration cover portion 5 and the arm portion 3, and in particular, the drive vehicle 2 is stably fixed when vibration occurs.

  FIG. 2C shows a cross-sectional view of the shaft steel material 6 and the shaft position adjusting member 16. The cross-sectional shape of the shaft steel material 6 is, for example, a hexagonal shape, and the opening 17 of the shaft position adjusting member 16 is The shape is, for example, a square shape. As described above, the shaft position adjustment member 16 rotates in both directions in conjunction with the rotation operation of the rotation unit 4, and the shaft position adjustment member 16 and the shaft steel material 6 come into contact with each other during the rotation operation. The shaft steel material 6 also rotates in conjunction with it. For example, by making the shape as shown in the figure, the contact area between the shaft steel material 6 and the shaft position adjusting member 16 can be increased, the shaft steel material 6 can be efficiently rotated, and stress concentration on the shaft steel material 6 can be prevented. On the other hand, by applying a lubricant such as grease to the surface of the shaft steel material 6, friction between the two when moving in the direction of the arrow 12 (pile driving direction) is reduced, and the vibration efficiency to the chuck portion 7 is deteriorated. Can be prevented.

  Note that the cross-sectional shape of the shaft steel material 6 is not limited to a hexagonal shape, and the cross-sectional shape may be a polygonal shape, and the chuck portion 7 is rotated in conjunction with the rotation operation of the vibrating cover portion 5. Any structure that moves can be used. Moreover, the opening shape of the shaft position adjusting member 16 does not need to be a single ring, and may be partially opened as in a C shape, for example, as long as the shaft steel material 6 does not fall out. Also, the shaft steel material 14 and the shaft position adjusting member 15 have the same structure as the shaft steel material 6 and the shaft position adjusting member 16. And the center of the opening part of the axial position adjustment members 15 and 16 is arrange | positioned on the cross | intersection area | region (refer FIG.3 (C)) of the clamping grooves 19 and 20 shown with a dashed-dotted line.

  FIG. 3A is a schematic view of the chuck portion 7 as viewed from the left side surface. The shaft steel material 6 is welded and fixed to the upper surface of the chuck portion 7, and a pile is sandwiched below the reinforcing plate 18. The first clamping groove 19 is disposed. As indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, the first clamping groove 19 is disposed so as to pass below the shaft steel material 6, so that vibration from the vibration generating unit 10 is easily transmitted to the pile efficiently. . Further, the thick reinforcing plate 18 is disposed in a region that comes into contact with the tip of the pile, so that the chuck portion 7 has a structure that is difficult to break due to stress during pile driving work. Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (C), the reinforcing plate 18 is arranged over the upper surfaces of the grooves 19 and 20, so that the contact area between the two is increased, and it is possible to push a wide area of the pile. It will be easier to balance the piles in the direction.

  FIG. 3B is a schematic view of the chuck portion 7 as seen from the side surface on the front side, and a second clamping groove 20 for clamping the pile is disposed below the reinforcing plate 18. As indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, the second holding groove 20 is disposed so as to pass below the shaft steel material 6, so that vibration from the vibration generating unit 10 is easily transmitted to the pile efficiently. .

  FIG. 3C is a schematic view of the chuck portion 7 as viewed from the upper surface side, and the dotted line indicates the arrangement region of the first clamping groove 19 and the second clamping groove 20. Are arranged so as to cover the intersection region of the first clamping groove 19 and the second clamping groove 20. With this structure, the chuck portion 7 can perform the pile driving work in a state where the T-shaped portion of the H-shaped steel material is sandwiched. The T-shaped portion of the H-shaped steel material is a region having a high mechanical strength, and there is an advantage that even if a pressing force by the arm portion 3 or a vibration by the vibrator 10 is applied to the region, the pile is hardly broken. For example, when the intermediate straight region of the H-shaped steel material is sandwiched and the pile driving work is performed, the holding force cannot be resisted and the holding region is bent and the pile driving work may not be performed.

  In addition, although not shown in figure, the rotating shaft of the rotation part 4 and the shaft steel materials 6 and 15 are arrange | positioned on the cross | intersection area | region of the said groove | channels 19 and 20 shown with a dashed-dotted line. The center axis is arranged on the intersecting region indicated by the alternate long and short dash line (see FIG. 1), so that the pressing force from the arm portion 3 can also be efficiently transmitted to the pile 8.

  Next, a pile driving method using the pile driving apparatus 1 described above with reference to FIG. 4 will be described. In this description, FIG. 1 is appropriately referred to.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the pile driving device 1, first, after holding the pile 8 with the chuck portion 7, the operator places the tip of the pile 8 on the ground of the pile driving place, and then the driving vehicle 2 (FIG. 1), the pile 8 is press-fitted into the ground by moving the arm portion 3 (see FIG. 1) downward. At this time, it is possible to perform the pile driving work without using a ruler for maintaining the perpendicularity of the pile by adjusting the insertion direction of the pile 8 while moving the pile 8 up and down while expanding and contracting the arm portion 3.

  Next, in the case where the pile 8 cannot be inserted into the ground only by the pressing force of the arm portion 3 such as a hard layer or a gravel layer having a high N value, in addition to the pressing force of the arm portion 3 The pile 8 can be inserted into the ground by repeatedly applying vibration of the vibration generating unit 10. For example, when the tip of the pile 8 is prevented from being inserted by a hard formation, the formation can be crushed by repeatedly applying a striking force by vibration, and the insertion of the pile 8 can be continued. In addition, when the tip of the pile 8 is blocked by the hardened gravel layer, the gravel layer can be loosened by vibration and the pile 8 can be continuously inserted.

  Further, the pile 8 may be forced to bend in the ground by stones, rocks, or the like. In this case, as described above, the insertion direction of the pile 8 is changed to the original by rotating the chuck portion 7 in conjunction with the rotation operation of the rotation portion 4 in accordance with the expansion / contraction operation of the arm portion 3. It adjusts to a position and it is prevented that the pile 8 inclines and is driven into the ground.

  Moreover, as shown in the figure, the pile driving operation can be performed without arranging a ruler for maintaining the perpendicularity of the pile on the ground by combining the expansion / contraction operation of the arm portion 3 and the rotation operation of the chuck portion 7. Can do. In particular, in narrow construction places where houses such as Tokyo are densely populated, it is difficult to secure a flat area, and there are places where a ruler cannot be placed. In the pile driving device 1 of the present embodiment, pile driving work is also performed in such places. It can be performed.

  Moreover, in the pile driving device 1, the center straight region of the steel sheet pile can be clamped by the first clamping groove 19 of the chuck portion 7 to perform the pile driving work. At this time, the T-shaped portion of the H-shaped steel material is welded and fixed to the side surface (side surface on the drive vehicle 2 side) of the center of the steel sheet pile, and the pile driving operation is performed while the T-shaped portion is sandwiched. You can also drive steel sheet piles near the walls of the building.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the rotating portion 4 is disposed between the arm portion 3 and the vibration cover portion 5 of the drive vehicle 2 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this case. For example, when there is no need to adjust the directionality of the pile to be driven, the vibrating cover 5 may be directly fixed to the tip of the arm 3 or detachably mounted. In addition, various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pile driver 2 Drive vehicle 3 Arm part 4 Rotating part 5 Excitation cover part 6 Shaft steel material 7 Chuck part 8 Pile 10 Exciting part 11 Elastic member 14 Shaft steel material 15 Shaft position adjusting member 16 Shaft position adjusting member 19 1st No. 20 holding groove 20 No. 2 holding groove

Claims (4)

A swivelable body,
One end side thereof is fixed to the main body, and a movable arm,
An excitation cover portion disposed on the other end side of the arm portion;
An exciter that is arranged in the exciter cover and generates vibration;
A chuck portion that is disposed on a distal end side of the vibrating cover portion and sandwiches the pile;
The vibration generating part and the chuck part are fixed by a shaft steel material,
The vibration cover portion is in a non-fixed state with respect to the shaft steel material, and the shaft position fixing member that is movable along the shaft steel material is formed in the vibration cover portion .
The vibration cover part is detachably arranged with respect to the rotating part arranged at the tip of the other end side of the arm part,
The pile driving device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration cover portion is rotated in conjunction with the rotation portion, and the chuck portion is rotated by contact between the shaft position fixing member and the shaft steel material . The chuck portion has a first clamping groove and a second clamping groove that are opened to clamp the pile.
The pile driving device according to claim 1 , wherein the shaft steel material is disposed so as to cover at least an intersecting region of the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove. The pile driving device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a cross-sectional shape of the shaft steel material is a polygonal shape. The pile according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the pile is an H-shaped steel material, and the chuck portion sandwiches a T-shaped portion located on the main body portion side of the H-shaped steel material. Hammering device.

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