JP5266770B2 - Display body and labeled article comprising relief structure forming layer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a display body which has high designability and demonstrates a high forgery prevention effect. <P>SOLUTION: The display body includes a relief structure forming layer which includes a plurality of interface parts comprising a plurality of projections or recesses and has the plurality of interface parts provided on one principal surface thereof. The plurality of interface parts include at least a first interface part having the plurality of projections or recesses arranged so that distances between their centers are shorter than the shortest wavelength of visible light, and a second interface part having the plurality of projections or recesses arranged in a non-lattice shape so that distances between their centers are equal to or longer than the shortest wavelength of visible light. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a display technique that provides, for example, an anti-counterfeit effect.

  Generally, securities such as gift certificates and checks, cards such as credit cards, cash cards and ID cards, and certificates such as passports and licenses must be printed with ordinary printed materials to prevent counterfeiting. Is attached with a display that exhibits different optical effects. In recent years, the distribution of counterfeit goods has become a social problem for articles other than these. Therefore, the opportunity to apply the same forgery prevention technology to such articles is increasing.

  As a display body that exhibits an optical action different from that of a normal printed matter, a display body including a diffraction grating in which a plurality of grooves are arranged is known. For example, the display body can display an image that changes according to the observation conditions, can display a stereoscopic image, and can also obtain a display image such as a full-color photograph. Further, the spectral color shining in rainbow colors displayed by the diffraction grating cannot be expressed by a normal printing technique. Therefore, a display body including a diffraction grating is widely used for articles that require anti-counterfeiting measures.

  In this display, a relief type diffraction grating is generally used. The relief type diffraction grating is usually obtained by duplicating from an original plate manufactured using photolithography. For example, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, in order to form a diffraction grating, a flat substrate coated with a photosensitive resist on one main surface is placed on an XY stage, and the stage is controlled under computer control. It is described that the photosensitive resist is subjected to pattern exposure by irradiating the photosensitive resist with an electron beam while being moved. Non-Patent Document 1 describes that a diffraction grating is formed using two-beam interference. As can be seen from the above, it is difficult to manufacture the original plate used for manufacturing the display body including the relief type diffraction grating. Therefore, it is difficult to manufacture the display body including the relief type diffraction grating. .

  However, as a result of the use of display bodies including relief-type diffraction gratings in many articles that require anti-counterfeiting measures, this technology has become widely recognized, and along with this, the occurrence of counterfeit products tends to increase. is there. Therefore, it has become difficult to achieve a sufficient anti-counterfeit effect using a display body including a relief type diffraction grating.

  In addition, a display body that displays an image by controlling light scattering by a fine uneven structure is known (for example, Patent Document 3). A pattern displayed based on light scattering (hereinafter referred to as “light scattering pattern”) is usually formed by processing a concavo-convex structure on a base material of a display body. As the processing method, (1) a method by etching, (2) a method of roughening the surface with chemicals or the like, or (3) an electron beam (hereinafter referred to as EB) drawing device is continuously applied over the entire surface. There is a method of forming irregularities on the surface. On the surface of the light scattering pattern processed by such a method, light is scattered, so that white or gray can be displayed.

  FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing an example of a light scattering pattern 01 composed of a minute concavo-convex structure OR produced using an EB drawing apparatus. If the EB drawing apparatus is used, the minute concavo-convex structure OR can be precisely processed. Therefore, the arrangement density, shape, number, etc. of the concavo-convex structure formed on the substrate can be arbitrarily controlled and patterned on the substrate surface, and the degree of scattering, that is, the amount of scattered light can be controlled. is there.

For example, Patent Document 3 discloses an invention relating to an optical sheet in which a large number of minute concavo-convex structures are arranged on the surface, and by adjusting the arrangement density, shape, number, etc. of the concavo-convex structures,
(1) Character and picture display by light scattering pattern (2) Exquisite and diverse expression (3) Further improvement in design freedom is realized.

  However, in a display body using a diffraction grating that separates rainbow-colored light and a display body using a light scattering element that exhibits white light, a so-called “black” expression is impossible.

JP-A-2-72320 US Pat. No. 5,058,992 JP 2002-333854 A Junpei Takiuchi, "Holography", Maruzen Co., Ltd.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a display body having a higher design property and exhibiting a high anti-counterfeit effect.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a display body comprising a plurality of interface portions composed of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions, and comprising a relief structure forming layer in which the plurality of interface portions are provided on one main surface,
The plurality of interface portions include at least a first interface portion in which the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are disposed at a center-to-center distance less than the shortest wavelength of visible light, and the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are the shortest wavelength of visible light. Including a second interface portion arranged in a non-lattice manner at the center-to-center distance ,
The first interface part having a plurality of interface parts having different shapes from each other, or the distance between centers, or / and the height of the plurality of convex parts or concave parts, and / or
Each of the plurality of interface parts of the second interface part having a plurality of interface parts different from each other in shape, or / and center distance, or / and height of the plurality of protrusions or recesses is an image component. Thus, a display body characterized by displaying a gradation image is provided.

  According to the 2nd side surface of this invention, the information printed matter which comprised the display body which concerns on the 1st side surface, and the printed material base material which supported this is provided.

  According to the present invention, the first interface portion having a plurality of convex portions or concave portions disposed at a center-to-center distance less than the shortest wavelength of visible light, and having a light reflection preventing function, and the center of the shortest wavelength of visible light or more. By including both the second interface portion having a plurality of convex portions or concave portions arranged at a distance and having a light scattering function, it is possible to provide a display body capable of expressing both black and white. By realizing black and white images and black and white gradation representation images that were not possible with a display with a relief structure in the past, it is possible to improve the design and improve the forgery prevention effect. It becomes.

  Furthermore, the shape of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions, or / and the distance between centers, or / and the plurality of first interface portions having different heights, and the shape of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions, or / and the distance between the centers, Alternatively, gradations from black to white can be expressed by providing a plurality of second interface portions having different heights. By providing a plurality of first interface portions and a plurality of second interface portions having different areas and outer shapes, it is also possible to display gradation of images such as pictures, characters, numbers, and symbols.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that, throughout all the drawings, the same reference numerals are given to components that exhibit the same or similar functions, and redundant descriptions are omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing a display body according to one aspect of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the display body shown in FIG. 1 taken along a broken line II-II. The display body 10 includes a laminate of the relief structure forming layer 11 and the reflective layer 13. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the relief structure forming layer 11 side is the front side, and the reflective layer 13 side is the back side. The interface between the relief structure forming layer 11 and the reflective layer 13 includes a first interface part IF1, a second interface part IF2, and a third interface part IF3. As will be described later, each of the first interface portion IF1 and the second interface portion IF2 is provided with a plurality of convex portions or concave portions. Hereinafter, portions of the display body 10 corresponding to the first interface portion IF1 to the third interface portion IF3 are referred to as display portions DA1 to DA3, respectively.

  As a material of the relief structure forming layer 11 in the present invention, for example, a light transmissive resin such as polycarbonate and polyester can be used. For example, when a thermoplastic resin or a photocurable resin is used, the relief structure forming layer 11 in which a convex portion or a concave portion is provided on one main surface can be easily formed by transfer using an original plate.

  In FIG. 2, as an example, the relief structure forming layer 11 configured by a laminate of the light transmissive substrate 111 and the light transmissive resin layer 112 is depicted. The light transmissive substrate 111 is a film or sheet that can be handled by itself. The light transmissive resin layer 112 is a layer formed on the light transmissive substrate 111. The relief structure forming layer 11 shown in FIG. 2 is obtained, for example, by applying a thermoplastic resin or a photocurable resin on the light transmissive substrate 111 and curing the resin while pressing the original plate against the coating film. .

  As the reflective layer 13 in the present invention, for example, a metal layer made of a metal material such as aluminum, silver, gold, and alloys thereof can be used. Alternatively, a dielectric layer having a refractive index different from that of the relief structure forming layer 11 may be used as the reflective layer 13. Alternatively, as the reflective layer 13, a laminate of dielectric layers having different refractive indexes between adjacent ones, that is, a dielectric multilayer film may be used. The refractive index of the dielectric layer included in the dielectric multilayer film that is in contact with the relief structure forming layer 11 is preferably different from the refractive index of the relief structure forming layer 11. The reflective layer 13 can be formed by, for example, a vapor deposition method such as a vacuum evaporation method or a sputtering method.

  One of the relief structure forming layer 11 and the reflective layer 13 can be omitted. Here, the display body composed of only the reflective layer means a display using a metal layer, a dielectric layer, and a dielectric multilayer film as a relief structure forming layer. However, when the display body 10 includes both the relief structure forming layer 11 and the reflective layer 13, the interface 10 is less likely to be damaged as compared with the case where only one of them is included. An image with better visibility can be displayed.

  In addition, the reflective layer 13 may be covered on a part or all of the plurality of interface portions. For example, by using the distribution of the reflective layer 13, the outline of the region where the reflective layer exists is used. It can also be expressed. Further, the reflective layer 13 may be coated on the entire surface of the relief structure forming layer 11.

  Next, the 1st interface part which consists of a some convex part or a recessed part is demonstrated.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a structure that can be employed in the first interface portion IF1 of the display body shown in FIGS. The first interface portion IF1 in FIG. 3 represents the lattice-shaped first interface portion arranged in a lattice shape in the present invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the structure shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, the first interface portion IF1 viewed from the relief structure forming layer 11 side is depicted.

  The interface portion IF1 is provided with a plurality of convex portions PR arranged at a center-to-center distance less than the shortest wavelength of visible light. The center-to-center distance here means the distance between the convex parts PR arranged adjacent to each other. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the convex portions PR are arranged in a lattice pattern in the x and y directions substantially orthogonal to each other, but the convex portions PR have a lattice arrangement that intersects in a different direction. In addition, the lattice-like arrangement may be curved or meandering.

  In the interface part IF1, the convex part PR forms a so-called diffraction grating. The diffraction grating formed by the convex part PR functions in substantially the same manner as a diffraction grating in which grooves (that is, grating lines) are arranged as indicated by broken lines (see FIG. 4).

  Next, the visual effect which 1st interface part IF1 shown in FIG.3 and FIG.4 has is demonstrated.

  When illumination light is irradiated onto the diffraction grating using an illumination light source, the diffraction grating emits strong diffracted light in a specific direction with respect to the traveling direction of the illumination light that is incident light.

The emission angle β of m-order diffracted light (m = 0, ± 1, ± 2,...) can be calculated from the following equation when light travels in a plane perpendicular to the grating line of the diffraction grating. .
d = mλ / (sin α−sin β)
In this equation, d represents the grating constant of the diffraction grating, m represents the diffraction order, and λ represents the wavelengths of incident light and diffracted light. Α represents the exit angle of 0th-order diffracted light, that is, transmitted light or specularly reflected light. In other words, the absolute value of α is equal to the incident angle of the illumination light, and in the case of a reflective diffraction grating, the incident direction of the illumination light and the emission direction of the specularly reflected light are the method of the interface where the diffraction grating is provided. Symmetric with respect to the line.

  When the diffraction grating is a reflection type, the angle α is 0 ° or more and less than 90 °. In addition, when illumination light is irradiated to the interface provided with the diffraction grating from an oblique direction, and the angle in the normal direction, that is, two angle ranges having a boundary value of 0 °, the angle β is determined as follows. A positive value is obtained when the exit direction and the exit direction of the specularly reflected light are within the same angular range, and a negative value when the exit direction of the diffracted light and the incident direction of the illumination light are within the same angular range. Hereinafter, an angle range including the emission direction of the specularly reflected light is referred to as a “positive angle range”, and an angle range including the incident direction of the illumination light is referred to as a “negative angle range”.

  When the diffraction grating is observed from the normal direction, the diffracted light contributing to the display is only diffracted light having an exit angle β of 0 °.

  Therefore, when the lattice constant d is larger than the wavelength λ, there exists a wavelength λ and an incident angle α that satisfy the above equation. That is, in this case, the observer can observe diffracted light having a wavelength λ that satisfies the above equation.

  On the other hand, when the lattice constant d is smaller than the wavelength λ, there is no incident angle α that satisfies the above equation. Therefore, in this case, the observer cannot observe the diffracted light.

  As is clear from this explanation, the first interface portion having a lattice constant d (center distance) less than the shortest wavelength of visible light does not emit diffracted light in the normal direction. Therefore, when viewed from the normal direction, the display unit DA1 does not display the spectral color due to diffraction. That is, the display part DA1 is visually recognized as a dark gray or black print layer.

  A grating constant d (center-to-center distance) is equal to or greater than the shortest wavelength of visible light, a so-called normal diffraction grating that diffracts visible light, and a lattice constant d (center-to-center distance) that is less than the shortest wavelength of visible light It differs from the diffraction grating provided in the interface part in the following points.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing how a normal diffraction grating emits first-order diffracted light. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which the diffraction grating provided at the first interface IF1 emits the first-order diffracted light. 5 and 6, IF indicates an interface on which a diffraction grating is formed, NL indicates a normal line of the interface IF, IL indicates illumination light, RL indicates specular reflection light or zero-order diffracted light, and DL indicates 1st order diffracted light is shown.

  As is clear from the above equation, when the grating constant d of the diffraction grating is larger than the shortest wavelength of visible light, when the illumination light IL is irradiated from an oblique direction with respect to the interface IF, the diffraction grating becomes as shown in FIG. As shown, the first-order diffracted light DL is emitted at an emission angle β within a positive angle range. In the present invention, the shortest wavelength of visible light represents a wavelength of 400 nm.

  On the other hand, when the grating constant d of the diffraction grating is less than this shortest wavelength, that is, less than 400 nm, when the illumination light IL is irradiated from an oblique direction to the interface IF, the diffraction grating is shown in FIG. As shown, the first-order diffracted light DL is emitted at an emission angle β within a negative angle range. For example, considering the case where the angle α is 80 ° and the grating constant d is 300 nm, the diffraction grating emits first-order diffracted light having a wavelength λ of 540 nm at an emission angle β of about −25 °.

  In general, when observing an article, particularly when observing a light-absorbing article having a small light reflection ability and light scattering ability, the article and the light source are relative to the observer's eye so that regular reflection light can be perceived. Align. Therefore, when the configuration described with reference to FIG. 5 is used, the observer perceives diffracted light with a relatively high probability even if the observer does not know the fact itself. On the other hand, when the configuration described with reference to FIG. 6 is used, an observer who does not know the situation cannot perceive diffracted light in many cases. Therefore, it is difficult for the display 10 to realize that the display unit DA1 can display diffracted light.

  Next, FIG. 7 shows a structure that can be employed in the first interface IF1 of the display body shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and is different from the structure of FIG. It is a perspective view showing 1 interface part. Here, the non-lattice arrangement means a state of irregular arrangement without a periodic arrangement rule. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the structure shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, the interface part IF1 viewed from the relief structure forming layer 11 side is depicted.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the first interface portion IF1 is provided with a plurality of convex portions PR arranged in a non-lattice manner so that the distance between the centers of the convex portions PR is less than the shortest wavelength of visible light. Placed in. The center-to-center distance here means an average value of the distances between the convex parts PR arranged adjacent to each other in the first interface part IF1. Unlike the display unit DA1 including the first interface IF1 illustrated in FIG. 3, the display unit DA1 including the first interface IF1 including the irregularly arranged convex portions PR is first-order diffracted light. For example, when the display body 10 is observed from the normal direction, the display unit DA1 is visually recognized as a dark gray or black print layer.

  When the distance between the centers of the structures that can be employed in the first interface IF1 shown in FIG. 7 is less than the shortest wavelength of visible light (less than 400 nm), a structure that looks like a dark gray or black printed layer is obtained.

  As the shape of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions used in the first interface portion (lattice-like first interface portion and non-lattice-like first interface portion) of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Examples of the tapered shape include a semi-spindle shape, a cone shape such as a cone and a pyramid, or a truncated cone shape such as a truncated cone and a truncated pyramid. Moreover, as a side surface shape of the some convex part or recessed part formed in a 1st interface part, it may be comprised only in the inclined surface and stepped shape may be sufficient.

  The taper shape has an effect of facilitating removal of the relief structure forming layer 11 from the original plate and improving productivity.

  When such a structure is employed, the first interface IF1 region continuously changes in the thickness direction of the display body 10 if the distance between the centers of the projections PR is shorter than the shortest wavelength of visible light. It can be considered that it has a refractive index. Therefore, the reflectance of the regular reflection light at the first interface portion IF1 is small no matter what angle is observed. Further, even when the lattice-shaped first interface portion IF1 having a plurality of convex portions or concave portions arranged in a lattice shape as shown in FIG. 3 is used, it is almost impossible to emit diffracted light in the normal direction. Absent.

  Therefore, for example, when the display body 10 is observed from the normal direction, the display unit DA1 looks dark. Typically, the display part DA1 looks dark gray or black. Here, “dark gray” means, for example, all wavelengths having a wavelength in the range of 400 nm to 700 nm when the display 10 is irradiated with light from the normal direction and the intensity of specular reflection light is measured. It means that the reflectance of the light component is about 25% or less. “Black” means, for example, the reflectivity of all light components having a wavelength in the range of 400 nm to 700 nm when the display 10 is irradiated with light from the normal direction and the intensity of specular reflection light is measured. Means 10% or less. Therefore, the display unit DA1 looks like a dark gray or black print layer, for example.

  In the first interface portion (lattice-like first interface portion and non-lattice-like first interface portion) in the present invention, as the distance between the centers of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions is reduced, the brightness and saturation are reduced. Blacker display is possible, and as the distance between the centers increases, the luminance increases slightly, and the structure is perceived as dark gray.

  In the first interface portion (lattice-like first interface portion and non-lattice-like first interface portion) according to the present invention, the larger the height of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions, the blacker display becomes possible, and the height becomes smaller. As the brightness increases, it becomes perceived as dark gray. Typically, it is desirable that the height be 1/2 or more of the center-to-center distance. Specifically, for example, when the center-to-center distance is 380 nm, dark gray can be displayed by setting the height or depth to 190 nm or more, and black display can be performed by setting the height to 380 nm or more. Become. If the structure is much higher than the center-to-center distance, sufficient blackness can be obtained and a highly accurate manufacturing technique is required, so that the forgery prevention effect can be further improved. Here, the height of the convex part or the concave part in the present invention means a height difference from the top part to the bottom part of the convex part or the concave part.

  In the first interface portion in the present invention, the degree of blackness to be observed changes by changing the shape of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions to be formed, and / or the distance between the centers, and / or the height. When the display body in the present invention includes two or more first interface portions, the shape of a plurality of projections or recesses in the two or more first interface portions, or / and the distance between centers, or / and the height, By making them different from each other, it is possible to display images with different degrees of blackness when observed. That is, it is possible to perform display in which gradation is controlled stepwise from dark gray to black using a plurality of first interface portions.

  Next, the 2nd interface part which consists of a some convex part or a recessed part is demonstrated.

  FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of a structure that can be employed in the second interface portion IF2 of the display body shown in FIGS. FIG. 10 is a plan view of the structure shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, the interface part IF2 viewed from the relief structure forming layer 11 side is depicted.

  The second interface portion IF2 is provided with a plurality of convex portions QR arranged at a center-to-center distance equal to or greater than the shortest wavelength of visible light. As shown in FIG. 9, the plurality of convex portions QR are non-lattice. Is arranged. Here, the non-lattice arrangement means a state in which the arrangement is irregular with no periodic arrangement rule, and the center-to-center distance is a convexity arranged adjacently in the interface IF2. It means the average value of the distance between the parts QR.

  Next, the visual effect which 2nd interface part IF2 shown in FIG.9 and FIG.10 has is demonstrated.

  When illumination light is incident on the second interface IF2 having a plurality of convex portions QR that are irregularly arranged with a center-to-center distance equal to or greater than the shortest wavelength of visible light, scattered light is emitted from the second interface IF2. . Further, since the projections QR are arranged in a non-lattice shape, almost no diffracted light is emitted.

  In the second interface part of the present invention, the amount of scattered light can be controlled by appropriately changing the shape of the convex part or the concave part, and / or the distance between the centers, or / and the height. The whiteness when the part is observed can be changed as appropriate. For example, when the display body includes a metal layer made of aluminum as a reflective layer, it can be expressed by appropriately changing the shape of the convex portion or the concave portion, and / or the distance between the centers, or / and the height. The color of the color changes from white due to strong scattered light to the color of the reflective layer itself in a region where the scattered light is not emitted (aluminum silver or gray). Therefore, the so-called black display cannot be performed at the second interface portion composed of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions arranged at a center-to-center distance equal to or greater than the shortest wavelength of visible light.

  As the shape of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions used in the second interface portion of the present invention, the same shape as the first interface portion can be used, and the shape of the convex portion QR is complicated as shown in FIG. In this case, the amount of scattered light increases.

  In the second interface portion according to the present invention, as the distance between the centers of the plurality of protrusions or recesses decreases, the amount of scattered light emitted increases, enabling a whiter display and increasing the distance between the centers. As a result, the amount of emitted scattered light decreases, and it becomes perceived as gray.

  In the second interface portion in the present invention, as the height of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions increases, the amount of scattered light emitted increases, enabling a whiter display, and as the height decreases. As a result, the amount of emitted scattered light is reduced and it is perceived as gray.

  In the second interface portion according to the present invention, the degree of whiteness to be observed changes by changing the shape of the plurality of convex portions or concave portions to be formed, and / or the distance between the centers, and / or the height. When the display body in the present invention includes two or more second interface portions, the shape of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions in the two or more second interface portions, or / and the center-to-center distance, or / and the height, By making them different from each other, it is possible to display images having different degrees of whiteness when observed. That is, it is possible to perform display in which gradation is controlled stepwise from gray to white using a plurality of second interface portions.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 12, you may use several convex part QR (or recessed part) from which a magnitude | size differs in the 2nd interface part in this invention. Thus, by using a plurality of convex portions or concave portions having different sizes, the regular reflection component of incident light can be adjusted, and the amount of scattered light can be controlled. Also, a plurality of convex portions or concave portions having different sizes may be used in the first interface portion. In this case, the gradation is stepped from dark gray to black according to the distribution and ratio of the convex portions or concave portions. It is possible to control the display in a controlled manner. The size here means the height or / and the maximum diameter of the convex portion or the concave portion.

  The third interface IF3 in FIGS. 1 and 2 is, for example, a flat surface, a diffraction grating formation layer, a hologram formation layer, a print formation surface, or the like. The interface part IF3 can be omitted.

  FIG. 13 is a plan view schematically showing a display body according to an aspect of the present invention, which displays a black and white gradation image formed by a plurality of interface portions. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the display body shown in FIG. 13 taken along the broken line III-III. The display body 10 includes a laminate of the relief structure forming layer 11 and the reflective layer 13. In the example shown in FIG. 14, the relief structure forming layer 11 side is the front side, and the reflective layer 13 side is the back side. The display body 10 includes a plurality of first interface portions (IF4 to IF6) and a plurality of second interface portions (IF7 to IF9), and the periphery of the first interface portion and the second interface portion is a third interface portion IF10. ing. Of this display body 10, the portions corresponding to the first interface portions (IF4 to IF6) are the display portions DA4 to DA6, the portions corresponding to the second interface portions (IF7 to IF9) are the display portions DA7 to DA9, A portion corresponding to the three interface portion IF10 is referred to as a display portion DA10.

  The plurality of first interface portions (IF4 to IF6) are different from each other in the shape of the convex portion or the concave portion formed therein, and / or the distance between the centers, or / and the height from black to dark gray. Gradation display. Further, the plurality of interface portions IF2 (IF7 to IF9) are different from each other in the shape of the convex portion or the concave portion formed therein, and / or the distance between the centers, or / and the height from gray to white. Gradation display. Due to the presence of the plurality of first interface portions and second interface portions, a monochrome gradation image can be displayed.

  Further, as one aspect of the display body of the present invention, the display body includes at least two or more first interface portions, and the two or more first interface portions have a plurality of convex portions or concave portions arranged in a grid pattern. Including the first lattice-shaped interface portion and the non-lattice-shaped first interface portion in which a plurality of convex portions or concave portions are arranged in a non-lattice manner, and the gradation when viewed from the normal direction is substantially the same. The display body which is can be used.

  When the display body is observed from the normal direction, the lattice-like first interface portion and the non-lattice-like first interface portion are both displayed with substantially the same gradation, so that the lattice-like first interface portion is not visually observed. The difference between the lattice-shaped first interface portions cannot be distinguished. On the other hand, when this display body is observed at an angle, the display corresponding to the non-lattice first interface portion does not change, and only the display corresponding to the lattice-like first interface portion changes due to the emission of diffracted light.

  As described above, in this display body, since the diffracted light cannot be perceived by observation from the normal normal direction, the display corresponding to the lattice-shaped first interface portion that can be perceived only when observed at an angle. Can be used as a latent image for authenticity determination.

  In the present invention, the center-to-center distance of the convex portion or the concave portion formed at the first interface portion is preferably 200 nm or more and less than 400 nm. It is preferable that the center-to-center distance of the convex part or the concave part formed in the second interface part is 400 nm or more and 5000 nm or less.

  The convex portion or concave portion formed at the first interface portion has a center-to-center distance less than the shortest wavelength (400 nm) of visible light in order to perform black display. However, if the center-to-center distance is too small, processing and replication are difficult. Become. By setting an arbitrary value of 200 nm or more and less than 400 nm as the center-to-center distance, a gradation from black to dark gray can be sufficiently expressed.

  On the other hand, the convex portion or the concave portion formed at the second interface portion has a center-to-center distance that is equal to or greater than the shortest wavelength of visible light in order to perform white display. It does not occur sufficiently, and the interface portion is perceived as a grainy rough surface due to the concavo-convex structure. By setting the distance between the centers to 5000 nm or less, the light scattering function can be sufficiently exhibited and the inside of the interface can be perceived with a uniform color.

The display body 10 in the present invention may further include other layers such as an adhesive layer and a resin layer.
The adhesive layer in the present invention is provided so as to cover the reflective layer 13, for example. When the display body 10 includes both the relief structure forming layer 11 and the reflective layer 13, the shape of the surface of the reflective layer 13 is usually substantially equal to the shape of the interface between the relief structure forming layer 11 and the reflective layer 13. By providing the adhesive layer, it is possible to prevent the surface of the reflective layer 13 from being exposed. Therefore, it is possible to make it difficult to duplicate the convex portion or concave portion of the previous interface for the purpose of counterfeiting.

  Further, when the relief structure forming layer 11 side is the back side and the reflective layer 13 side is the front side, the adhesive layer is formed on the relief structure forming layer 11. In this case, not the interface between the relief structure forming layer 11 and the reflective layer 13, but the interface between the reflective layer 13 and the outside includes the interface portions IF1 to IF3.

The resin layer in the present invention can be provided on the front side with respect to the laminate of the relief structure forming layer 11 and the reflective layer 13.
When the relief structure forming layer 11 side is the front surface side and the reflective layer 13 side is the back surface side, the relief structure forming layer 11 on which the plurality of interface portions are not provided is covered with a resin layer. Damage can be suppressed. In addition, when the relief structure forming layer 11 side is the back side and the reflection layer 13 side is the front side, the reflection layer 13 is covered with a resin layer, so that damage to the reflection layer 13 can be suppressed, and the surface It is possible to make it difficult to duplicate the convex portion or concave portion of the sheet.

  The display body 10 described above can be used, for example, for preventing counterfeiting. Since the display body 10 is composed of a fine concavo-convex structure, it is difficult to counterfeit or imitate. When this label is supported on an article, it is also difficult to counterfeit or imitate the genuine article with the label. In addition, it is possible to display an image with black and white gradation, which has been impossible with a label made of a diffraction grating that has been used as a label for preventing counterfeiting, and an improvement in design can be expected.

  FIG. 15 is a plan view schematically showing an example of a labeled article in which an anti-counterfeit label is supported on the article. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the broken line XX-XX of the labeled article shown in FIG.

  15 and 16 show a printed matter 100 as an example of an article with a label. This printed material 100 is an IC (integrated circuit) card and includes a base material 20. The base material 20 is made of plastic, for example. A concave portion is provided on one main surface of the substrate 20, and the IC chip 30 is fitted into the concave portion. Electrodes are provided on the surface of the IC chip 30, and information can be written to the IC and / or information recorded on the IC via these electrodes. A printed layer 40 is formed on the substrate 20. The display body 10 mentioned above is being fixed to the surface in which the printing layer 40 of the base material 20 was formed through the adhesion layer, for example. For example, the display body 10 is prepared as an adhesive sticker or a transfer foil, and is fixed to the base material 20 by being attached to the printing layer 40.

  The printed material 100 includes a display body 10 having a fine uneven structure. Therefore, it is difficult to counterfeit or imitate the same printed product 100. Moreover, since the printed material 100 further includes the IC chip 30 and the printed layer 40 in addition to the display body 10, it is possible to adopt a forgery prevention measure using them.

  15 and 16 illustrate an IC card as a printed material including the display body 10, but the printed material including the display body 10 is not limited thereto. For example, the printed matter including the display body 10 may be another card such as a magnetic card, a wireless card, and an ID (identification) card. Alternatively, the printed matter including the display body 10 may be securities such as gift certificates and stock certificates. Alternatively, the printed matter including the display body 10 may be a tag to be attached to an article to be confirmed as a genuine product. Alternatively, the printed matter including the display body 10 may be a package body that contains an article to be confirmed to be genuine or a part thereof.

  Moreover, in the printed material 100 shown in FIG.15 and FIG.16, although the display body 10 is affixed on the base material 20, the display body 10 can be supported on a base material by another method. For example, when paper is used as the base material, the display body 10 may be rolled into the paper and the paper may be opened at a position corresponding to the display body 10. Alternatively, when a light-transmitting material is used as the base material, the display body 10 may be embedded therein, or the display body 10 may be fixed to the back surface of the base material, that is, the surface opposite to the display surface. .

  Moreover, the labeled article may not be a printed material. That is, the display body 10 may be supported on an article that does not include a printed layer. For example, the display body 10 may be supported by a luxury product such as a work of art.

  The display body 10 may be used for purposes other than forgery prevention. For example, the display body 10 can be used as a toy, a learning material, or a decoration.

The top view which shows schematically the display body which concerns on 1 aspect of this invention. Sectional drawing along the II-II line of the display body shown in FIG. The perspective view which shows an example of the structure employable as the 1st interface part of the display body shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the structure shown in FIG. 3. The figure which shows a mode that a diffraction grating inject | emits 1st-order diffracted light schematically. The figure which shows a mode that another diffraction grating inject | emits 1st-order diffracted light. The perspective view which shows an example of the structure employable as the 1st interface part of the display body shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2. The top view of the structure shown in FIG. The perspective view which shows an example of the structure employable as the 2nd interface part of the display body shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2. The top view of the structure shown in FIG. The perspective view which shows an example of the structure employable as the 2nd interface part of the display body shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2. The perspective view which shows an example of the structure employable as the 2nd interface part of the display body shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2. The top view which shows schematically the display body which concerns on 1 aspect of this invention. Sectional drawing along the III-III line of the display body shown in FIG. The top view which shows roughly an example of the labeled article formed by making an anti-counterfeit label supported on the article. Sectional drawing along the XX-XX line of the labeled article shown in FIG. The perspective view which shows an example of a light-scattering pattern roughly.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 01 ... Light-scattering pattern, 10 ... Display body, 11 ... Relief structure formation layer, 13 ... Reflection layer, 20 ... Base material, 30 ... IC chip, 40 ... Print layer, 100 ... Printed matter, 111 ... Light transmissive base material, 112 ... light transmissive resin layer, DA1 to DA10 ... display part, DL ... first order diffracted light, IF ... interface part, IF1 ... first interface part, IF2 ... second interface part, IF3 ... third interface part, IF4 ... first 1 interface part, IF5 ... 1st interface part, IF6 ... 1st interface part, IF7 ... 2nd interface part, IF8 ... 2nd interface part, IF9 ... 2nd interface part, IF10 ... 3rd interface part, IL ... illumination light LS ... light source NL ... normal line OR ... convex part PR ... convex part QR ... convex part RL ... regularly reflected light

Claims (8)

A display body comprising a plurality of interface portions composed of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions, the plurality of interface portions comprising a relief structure forming layer provided on one main surface,
The plurality of interface portions include at least a first interface portion in which the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are disposed at a center-to-center distance less than the shortest wavelength of visible light, and the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are the shortest wavelength of visible light. Including a second interface portion arranged in a non-lattice manner at the center-to-center distance ,
The first interface part has a plurality of interface parts that are different from each other in the shape of a plurality of convex parts or concave parts, or / and the distance between centers, or / and the height, and each interface part is an image component, A display body characterized by displaying a gradation image . A display body comprising a plurality of interface portions composed of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions, the plurality of interface portions comprising a relief structure forming layer provided on one main surface,
The plurality of interface portions include at least a first interface portion in which the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are disposed at a center-to-center distance less than the shortest wavelength of visible light, and the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are the shortest wavelength of visible light. Including a second interface portion arranged in a non-lattice manner at the center-to-center distance,
The second interface part has a plurality of interface parts that are different from each other in the shape of a plurality of convex parts or concave parts, or / and the distance between centers, or / and the height, and each interface part becomes an image component, A display body characterized by displaying a gradation image.   A display body comprising a plurality of interface portions composed of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions, the plurality of interface portions comprising a relief structure forming layer provided on one main surface,
 The plurality of interface portions include at least a first interface portion in which the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are disposed at a center-to-center distance less than the shortest wavelength of visible light, and the plurality of convex portions or concave portions are the shortest wavelength of visible light. Including a second interface portion arranged in a non-lattice manner at the center-to-center distance,
  The first interface portion includes a plurality of interface portions having shapes of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions, or / and distances between centers, or / and heights different from each other,
  The second interface portion includes a plurality of interface portions having shapes of a plurality of convex portions or concave portions, and / or distances between centers, and / or heights different from each other, and the first interface portion and the second interface portion. A display body characterized in that each of the plurality of interface portions of the unit serves as an image component and displays a gradation image. The plurality of interface portions include at least two or more first interface portions,
The two or more first interface portions include a lattice-shaped first interface portion in which a plurality of convex portions or concave portions are arranged in a lattice shape and a non-lattice-shaped first portion in which a plurality of convex portions or concave portions are arranged in a non-lattice shape. Including one interface part, and the gradation when observed from the normal direction is substantially the same.
Display body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that. The center-to-center distance between the plurality of protrusions or recesses in the first interface is 200 nm or more and less than 400 nm, and the center-to-center distance between the plurality of protrusions or recesses in the second interface is from 400 nm to 5000 nm. The display body according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . Display body according to any one of claims 1 to 5 at least some or all of the plurality of interface portions is characterized in that it is covered by the reflective layer. A reflection layer covering at least a portion or all of said plurality of interface portions, in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein sequentially anda resin layer covering all of the plurality of interface portions Display body of description. A labeled article comprising the display according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and an article supporting the display.