JP5258686B2 - Handling equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention unloads a load loaded without any pallet without any pallet in the box without major modifications to the load carrying box such as a container or a truck bed, and without providing a large device outside or inside. Can be mechanized, and the heavy work of unloading manually can be eliminated, which also improves the work efficiency and the aging of unloading and loading workers. The present invention relates to a cargo handling device that can be used.

  In recent years, container transportation has been increasing from the viewpoint of reducing transportation costs and packaging costs, shortening the transportation period, and preventing cargo pain. However, since containers are box-shaped, and most containers have a single entrance / exit, a crane or the like cannot be used. Moreover, in order to increase the loading efficiency and prevent the collapse of the load, the load is loaded in a loose state where it is not on a pallet and without any gaps. For this reason, although a conveyor, a forklift, etc. can be used for the conveyance of the load, the release of the load relies on manual work.

  The container unloading work requires the work of transferring and transporting the load inside the container to the outside of the container. However, in the case of loose objects such as chips, the work is often reliant on humans, which is a heavy work and is preferable in terms of work safety. Absent. In particular, with the aging of workers in recent years, a cargo handling device that eliminates work to hurt the lower back from countermeasures for lower back pain is required. Conventionally, there is a crane that meets this condition, but it is not used for a container because of the drawbacks that it is difficult to install the container and the working speed is slow.

The inventor previously filed the following application as a container with a cargo handling device for loading and unloading loads.
JP 2002-114290 A

  As shown in FIG. 11, the movable bulkhead 12 that moves in the front-rear direction as a load discharging device in the box 10 that is a container outer shell, or in addition to this, can be moved back and forth laid below the movable bulkhead 12. The floor board 13 is provided.

  In this way, the container is provided with a cargo handling device, and the unloading work of loads loaded without any gaps in the container without a pallet can be mechanized, including loose articles such as chips. The container is provided with a movable bulkhead that moves in the front-rear direction as a load discharge device or a load device in the box, which is the outer shell. In the case of load discharge, chips and other loads are moved in the direction of the load discharge port. It can be moved and discharged out of the container. In the case of loading, the movable bulkhead is used to send the load to the back side, and there is no major remodeling of the container. It is possible to mechanize the unloading operation or loading operation of the loaded cargo without any trouble.

  A load such as chips is placed on the floor plate 13 in the container box, and moves rearward together with the floor plate 13 so that the rear load goes out of the box. At this stage, the load is on the floor plate. However, if the floor plate is pulled forward while the movable partition is locked to the box side to restrain the front end of the load, the floor plate under the rear load disappears and falls.

  The lock between the movable partition wall and the box side is released, the load is moved rearward together with the floor of the load, and the subsequent operation is repeated to drop the load from the rear in order.

  Even if the cylinder is used for the back and forth movement of the floor board, its stroke may be small and small, and the movable partition does not push out the load such as chips, so its own strength and locking to the bed side plate It doesn't have to be very robust.

  On the other hand, when used as a loading / unloading device, on the contrary, the movable partition wall is at the rearmost position, and this slide is placed after a load such as chips is placed on the floor plate in the container box on the front side. It moves to the front (back side of the box) together with the board, and the load is on the floor board at this stage. Locking the movable bulkhead to the box side and pushing the floor plate backward while suppressing the rear end of the load, then unlocking the movable bulkhead and the box side and moving forward together with the floor plate of the load , And the subsequent operations are sequentially repeated to move the load from the rear side to the front side.

  As described above, when the movable partition 12 that moves in the front-rear direction and the floor plate 13 that can be moved back and forth are provided below the movable partition 12 as the load discharging device, the movable partition 12 moves along with the floor plate 13. In addition, it is necessary to provide both movement preventing means for moving only the floor plate 13 and locking the movable partition wall 12 and to make them act alternately and reliably.

  In the above-mentioned patent document 1, the movable partition wall 12 is placed only by contacting the base plate 12a with the floor plate 13, and a so-called telescopic cylinder 14 of multistage expansion / contraction is provided between the box body 10 and this telescopic cylinder ( The multi-stage cylinder) 14 can be moved in the front-rear direction. On the other hand, a cylinder 15 that reciprocates between the floor plate 13 and the box 10 is provided so that the floor plate 13 can be moved in the front-rear direction.

  The floor plate 13 is moved in the front-rear direction by the cylinder 15, and as the first stage, when the floor plate 13 moves in the direction of the load discharge port 11 (forward direction), the load on the floor plate 13 is also moved so as to be carried by this. . Further, the telescopic cylinder 14 is extended to move the movable partition 12 in the direction of the load discharge port 11 (forward direction) in synchronization with the floor plate 13.

  Next, as a second stage, the telescopic cylinder 14 is fixed to fix the movable partition 12 to stop the load on the spot, and only the floor plate 13 is moved by the cylinder 15 in the counterload discharge port direction (return direction). Thereafter, the first stage and the second stage are sequentially repeated to move the movable partition wall 12 and the load to the load discharge port 11 and discharge the load from the load discharge port 11 to the outside of the container.

Patent Document 2 below uses a chain instead of a telescopic cylinder. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, a movable partition 12 that moves in the front-rear direction as a load discharging device or a loading device is provided in a box 10. Furthermore, a floor plate (sliding plate) 13 that can be moved back and forth is laid under the movable partition wall 12.
JP 2004-338790 A

  The movable partition wall 12 is made of steel, and is disposed in a direction parallel to the rear end port 11 assuming that the box 10 is a rectangular parallelepiped. In addition, the movable partition wall 12 has an inclined surface 12b that protrudes forward at the lower side on the side facing the rear end port 11.

  The movable partition wall 12 is placed on the floor plate 13 only in contact with the lower surface. On the other hand, a reciprocating cylinder 15 is provided between the floor plate 13 and the box 10.

  The sprocket 3 provided with a projection that engages with the ring holes of the chains 2a and 2b is provided on the pedestal of the movable partition 12 so as to be rotationally driven by a motor 7 that can rotate forward and backward, and the rear end side of the box 10 A first chain 2a that fixes one end to the front end and the other end to the front end side, and a second chain 2b that fixes one end to the front end side of the box 10 and the other end to the rear end side. The chain 2a and 2b are engaged with the sprocket 3 in a suspended state.

  In use, the rear end port 11 is opened assuming that there is a load in the box 10. The movable partition 12 is located on the front side of the box 10.

  If the cylinder 15 is extended, the floor plate 13 moves from the front side to the rear end in the box body 10, and the motor 7 is driven to rotate the sprocket 3, and the movable partition 12 is also synchronized with the movement of the floor plate 13. The box 10 is moved from the front side toward the rear end. As a result, the load on the floor plate 13 and the movable partition 12 are also moved accordingly.

  In this state, since the first chain 2a is wound halfway around the first rotating body 1a and the fourth rotating body 1d, the first rotating body 1a and the fourth rotating body 1d is stretched along the width direction of the movable partition wall 12, and similarly, the second chain 2b is wound around the second rotating body 1b and the third rotating body 1d. The movable partition wall 12 is slid by the chain 2a and the second chain 2b, and is movable around the first rotating body 1a, the second rotating body 1b, the third rotating body 1c, and the fourth rotating body 1d. Since both the left and right sides of the partition wall 12 are pulled back and forth of the box body 10, a movement that turns left and right is prevented and a stable state can be maintained.

  When the movable partition 12 moves together with the floor plate 13 as described above, the first rotating body 1a, the second rotating body 1b, the third rotating body 1c, and the fourth rotating body 1d are connected to the first chain 2a. The second chain 2b is slid, and the movable partition 12 is moved in a state of being struck by the first chain 2a and the second chain 2b.

  Next, when the cylinder 15 is reduced and the floor 13 moves in the reverse direction, the motor 7 is stopped, and this is used as a brake mechanism to fix the rotation of the sprocket 3. This stops the movement of the first chain 2a and the second chain 2b via the sprocket 3, and as a reaction thereof, the movable partition 12 is fixed, and the load is as it is because the front end is fixed to the movable partition 12. Even if only the floor board 13 moves, it does not move and returns.

in this way,
(1) Movement of the floor plate 13 to the rear and movement of the movable bulkhead 12 and the load synchronized therewith,
(2) Locking of the movable partition 12
(3) The procedure of moving only the floor board 13 forward is repeated to move the movable partition wall 12 and all the loads sequentially to the rear side of the floor board 13, and the cargo is dropped from the rear end to the outside of the box body 10.

  In order to prepare for unloading again from the state where all the loads are unloaded, or to perform loading, it is necessary to move the movable partition wall 12 to the front side of the floor plate 13.

  In this case, the motor 7 is reversed to move only the movable partition wall 12 to the front side to prepare for the next unloading.

  As the moving means of the movable partition wall 12 of Patent Document 1, the telescopic cylinder 14 is a large-scale device and has a change in the inner diameter of the cylinder so that it cannot be driven at a constant speed and driven at a constant stroke. It is difficult to control because it cannot be synchronized.

  Since the cylinder diameter of the telescopic cylinder 14 is increased to hold the reaction force with the cylinder, and the weight increases, the amount of oil to be operated increases and the weight increases. There is a limit in manufacturing length.

  Because it stretches nearly 12m, it generates a sack due to its own weight, causing oil leaks, etc. Even if a cylinder guide is attached, it is directly attached to the cylinder. Wake up.

  In the case of using a chain instead of the telescopic cylinder as in Patent Document 2, there is a chain in the cargo compartment of the box 10 and it interferes with the load, so that a large amount of residue enters the rear side of the movable partition 12 and a chain sprocket. As a result, the load accumulates and the device is easily broken.

  Brackets will be attached to secure the chain ends, and this will be the resistance to loading.

  Chain damage is difficult to check and maintenance is difficult. In addition, the chain is stretched when a load is applied, so there is a lot of loss and it takes time to discharge. Furthermore, it is difficult to balance the left and right chains.

  The object of the present invention is to eliminate the inconvenience of the conventional example, and even a cylinder with a minimum required diameter is sufficient. The weight does not increase so much and the amount of oil used does not increase so much compared to a telescopic cylinder (multistage cylinder). It can be reduced in weight, there is no risk of scraping, there is no risk of interference with the load like a chain, there is no part that causes discharge resistance, there is no part where play occurs, and it can be held securely Another object of the present invention is to provide a cargo handling device that does not need to worry about the left / right balance.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention as set forth in claim 1 is provided with a floor plate that can be moved back and forth by a cylinder at the bottom as a loading / unloading device for loading or loading a container or a cargo carrier such as a truck bed. On the floor plate, in a cargo handling apparatus provided with a movable partition wall that moves only when locked and moves together with the floor plate when moving, as a mechanism for locking and moving the movable partition wall, large and small frames having different sizes are multi-staged. A small frame is housed inside a large frame so that it can be pulled out, a jack is provided between the small frame and the large frame, and one end of this moving mechanism is fixed to the front side in the load carrying box. frame is the other end which was bound to the bottom of the movable partition wall, the largest frame is positioned at the center in the upper and lower stages, small from the largest frame of the upper and lower stages upon extending the jack N successively advanced to the right and left, the frame smaller upon stretching the jack is to the subject matter that all have to fit the largest frame of the upper and lower stages.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, as an alternative to the use of a single multi-stage cylinder, large and small frames with different sizes can be drawn out in multiple stages, and the cylinder causes the frames to appear and disappear. Therefore, the length is not large and only the cylinder with the minimum diameter is required, so the weight does not increase so much and the amount of oil used does not increase too much. Moreover, by increasing the number of types of frames, the frame can be sufficiently extended to be nearly 12 m, and the frames can be stably fitted together, so that there is no occurrence of a sack due to its own weight. Overall, the weight can be reduced compared to a telescopic cylinder (multistage cylinder).

  Since it suffices to dispose only on the rear side of the movable partition wall, it does not interfere with the load as in the case of the chain, and there is no possibility that the load will enter the rear side of the movable partition wall and the residue will increase. There is no part that causes discharge resistance, no play occurs like a chain, it can be held securely, and there is no need to worry about left-right balance.

In addition, when the jack is extended and contracted, all the small frames fit into the largest frame in the upper and lower two stages, so even if the large and small frames with different sizes can be pulled out in multiple stages, there is no room for reduction. Even when the apparatus is installed on the rear side of the movable partition wall, the movable partition wall can be placed as much as possible on the cab side, so that a large cargo space can be secured.

The gist of the present invention described in claim 2 is that the largest frame is formed as a carriage by providing wheels at the lower part.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when a small frame is placed inside a large frame so that large and small frames having different sizes can be drawn out in multiple stages, the largest frame is always on the outside. Yes, it is necessary to support this, but because it is not fixed and can be moved back and forth by providing a wheel at the lower part, it can be moved back and forth, so that stable support can be achieved even when the frames are expanded or contracted. Is obtained.

  As described above, the cargo handling device of the present invention can be a cylinder with the minimum required diameter, even if it is a cylinder, and does not increase in weight and the amount of oil used does not increase so much compared to a telescopic cylinder (multistage cylinder). There is no risk of crushing, there is no risk of interference with the load like a chain, there is no part that causes discharge resistance, no play occurs, and it can be held securely. There is no need to worry about balance.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view in an expanded state, FIG. 2 is a side view of the same, FIG. 3 is a plan view of a contracted state, and FIG. 4 is a side view of the same. A box 10 is shown.

  As in the above-described conventional example, this invention also has a movable partition 12 that moves in the front-rear direction as a load discharging device or a loading device in the box body 10, and is a floor plate that can be moved back and forth laid below the movable partition 12 ( (Slide plate) 13 was laid.

  The movable partition wall 12 is made of steel, and the box body 10 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and is arranged in a direction to move between the side walls of the box body 10 toward the rear end port 11. In the example shown in the figure, the box 10 has an open upper surface, and a roof is formed by a hood that automatically opens and closes. The height of the movable partition 12 is set so as not to obstruct the opening and closing of the hood roof.

  Further, the movable partition wall 12 is composed of a trapezoidal frame and a face plate stretched thereon, and has a sloped surface 12b on the side facing the rear end port 11 as the face plate projects downward from the front. The floor plate 13 is also made of steel or stainless steel and may be relatively thin.

  The movable partition wall 12 is placed so that the bottom portion of the trapezoidal shape is just in contact with the bottom surface of the floor plate 13, and is placed on the floor plate 13, so that it can move with the floor plate 13 as the floor plate 13 moves. On the other hand, a cylinder 15 that reciprocates between the floor plate 13 and the box 10 is provided so that the floor plate 13 can be moved in the front-rear direction.

  As a moving mechanism of the movable partition wall 12, the present invention accommodates a small frame body inside a large frame body so that large and small frame bodies 20, 21, 22, and 23 having different sizes can be drawn out in multiple stages. 20 is a frame (large), 21 is a frame (medium), 22 is a frame (small), and 23 is a frame (minimum). These are flat rectangular frames made of metal and all have almost the same length. The width is different.

  The frame (large) 20 is located at the center, has openings at the front and rear ends, and overlaps in two upper and lower stages as shown in FIG.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6, the frame (large) 20 is formed as a carriage with wheels 27 provided at the lower part.

  The frame (medium) 21 can be accommodated inside the frame (large) 20 so that it can be pulled out to the front side or the rear side of the frame (large) 20. The frame bodies (medium) 21 that can be accommodated in the steps can be pulled out in opposite directions.

  The frame (small) 22 can be housed inside the frame (middle) 21 so that it can be pulled out to the front side or the rear side of the frame (middle) 21.

  The frame (minimum) 23 can be accommodated inside the frame (small) 22 so that it can be pulled out to the front side or the rear side of the frame (small) 22.

  In the figure, 24, 25, and 26 are jacks of the same diameter provided one by one on the left and right sides in order to draw out the large and small frame bodies 20, 21, 22, and 23 having different sizes, and the jack 24 is a frame ( Large) 20 and the frame (medium) 21 are spanned, the jack 25 is spanned between the frame (middle) 21 and the frame (small) 22, and the jack 26 is the frame (small) 22 and the frame. (Minimum) 23 spans, and each jack 24, 25, 26 has a cylinder rod attached to the large frame side and a cylinder tube attached to the small frame side. It should be noted that which of the cylinder tube side and the cylinder rod side is arranged on which frame side can be changed in consideration of the fit.

  The jacks 24, 25, and 26 are arranged in pairs on the left and right sides with respect to the large and small frames 20, 21, 22, and 23 having different sizes. However, the jacks 24, 25, and 26 may be independent of each other. If the oil supply circuit is not provided and the oil supply can be performed sequentially, and the next one starts to grow, the next one starts to grow, and the hydraulic control circuit becomes simple.

  A locking / moving mechanism for the large and small frames 20, 21, 22, 23 and jacks 24, 25, 26 is installed in the load carrying box 10, and one end α of the large and small frames 20, 21, 22, 23 is placed in front of the load carrying box 10 (track In the case of the loading platform, it was fixed to the cab side by a shaft-attached connection, and the other end β of the locking / moving mechanism was connected to the lower part of the movable partition wall 12 by a shaft-attached connection as shown in FIGS.

  Next, the usage will be described. Assuming that there is a load in the box 10, the rear end port 11 is opened. The movable partition 12 is located on the front side of the box 10.

  In this case, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 8, the frame (medium) 21 fits in the frame (large) 20, and the frame (small) 22 fits in the frame (medium) 21. The (minimum) 23 is accommodated in the frame (small) 22, and the moving mechanism of the movable partition wall 12 has only the front and rear length of the frame (large) 20 in a contracted state as a whole.

  If the cylinder 15 is extended, the floor plate 13 moves from the front side to the rear end in the box body 10, and at the same time, any of the jacks 24, 25, 26 is extended to pull out the small frame body from the large frame body, The movable partition 12 is moved from the front side to the rear end in the box 10 in synchronization with the movement of the floor plate 13, and as a result, the load on the floor plate 13 and the movable partition 12 are also moved accordingly.

  In this way, in order to move the movable partition 12 from the front side to the rear end in the box body 10 in synchronization with the movement of the floor plate 13, any of the jacks 24, 25, 26 is hydraulically driven. However, the floor plate 13 may carry the movable partition wall 12 mounted on it. This is because the load on the floor plate 13 moves together with the floor plate 13, so that it is not necessary to push the load with the movable partition wall 12.

  Next, it is necessary to reduce the cylinder 15 while leaving the load on the floor plate 13 as it is, and to move only the floor plate 13 in the reverse direction so that the load can be moved again.

  In order to do this, it is necessary to fix the movable partition wall 12 and prevent the load from returning together with the floor plate 13. Jacks 24, 25, and 26 are operated to fix the movable partition wall 12. If the jacks 24, 25, and 26 are fixed, the movable partition 12 is fixed, and the load is not moved because the front end is fixed to the movable partition 12, and even if only the floor plate 13 is moved. Return.

Thus, for the operation of moving the floor board 13 back and forth with a not-so-large width, (1) the movement of the floor board 13 to the rear and the movement of the movable partition wall 12 and the load in synchronization therewith,
(2) Locking of the movable partition 12
(3) The procedure of moving only the floor board 13 forward is repeated to move the movable partition wall 12 and all the loads sequentially to the rear side of the floor board 13, and the cargo is dropped from the rear end to the outside of the box body 10. In this state, as shown in FIG. 1, the large and small frames 20, 21, 22, 23 are pulled out in multiple stages.

  In order to prepare for unloading again from the state where all the loads are unloaded, or to perform loading, it is necessary to move the movable partition wall 12 to the front side of the floor plate 13.

  In this case, the jacks 24, 25, and 26 are contracted so as to return to the state of FIG. 3, and the frame bodies are accommodated, and only the movable partition 12 is moved forward to prepare for the next unloading.

  The expansion / contraction of the jacks 24, 25, 26 is also used to move the movable partition 12 to an arbitrary position by pulling out or pulling in the large and small frames 20, 21, 22, 23 in multiple stages. Can do.

This is because the position of the movable partition 12 needs to be adjusted depending on the state of loading.

It is a top view of the state where it extended, showing one embodiment of a cargo handling device of the present invention. It is a side view of the state where it extended, showing one embodiment of a cargo handling device of the present invention. It is a top view of the contracted state which shows one Embodiment of the material handling apparatus of this invention. It is a side view of the contracted state which shows one Embodiment of the cargo handling apparatus of this invention. It is a vertical front view of the contracted state which shows one Embodiment of the cargo handling apparatus of this invention. It is a partial expanded side view of the contracted state which shows one Embodiment of the cargo handling apparatus of this invention. It is a partial expanded side view of the state where it extended, showing one embodiment of a material handling device of the present invention. It is a top view of the contracted state of the movement apparatus part which shows one Embodiment of the material handling apparatus of this invention. It is a partial enlarged plan view of the front side (box rear side) of the extended state which shows one embodiment of the cargo handling device of the present invention. It is a partial enlarged plan view of the back side (box body front side) of the extended state which shows one embodiment of the cargo handling apparatus of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows a prior art example. It is a cross-sectional top view of the cargo conveyance box with a cargo handling apparatus which shows another prior art example. It is a vertical front view of the cargo conveyance box with a cargo handling apparatus which shows another conventional example.

1a: first rotating body (guide roller)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1b ... 2nd rotary body 1c ... 3rd rotary body 1d ... 4th rotary body 2a ... 1st chain 2b ... 2nd chain 3 ... Sprocket 4 ... Concave 5 ... Rotating shaft 6 ... Concave groove part 7 ... Motor DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Box 11 ... Rear end 12 ... Movable partition wall 12a ... Base board 12b ... Inclined surface 13 ... Floor board 14 ... Telescopic cylinder 15 ... Cylinder 20 ... Frame (large) 21 ... Frame (medium)
22 ... Frame (small) 23 ... Frame (minimum)
24, 25, 26 ... Jack 27 ... Wheel

Claims (2)

A floorboard that can be moved back and forth by a cylinder at the bottom as a loading / unloading device for loading or unloading inside a container or truck carrier, such as a container or truck bed, on which only the floorboard moves when locked, In the cargo handling equipment provided with a movable partition that moves with the floorboard when moving,
As a mechanism for locking and moving the movable partition, a small frame is placed inside a large frame so that large and small frames with different sizes can be pulled out in multiple stages, and a jack is placed between the small and large frames. provided, one end of the moving mechanism is fixed to the front of the cargo transport box body, the other end of the moving mechanism which was bound to the bottom of the movable partition wall, the largest frame body is located at the center in the upper and lower stages When the jack is extended, the smaller frame moves from the largest frame in the upper and lower stages to the left and right, and when the jack is extended and retracted, all the smaller frames become the largest frame in the upper and lower stages. A cargo handling device characterized by being accommodated .   2. The cargo handling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the largest frame is formed as a carriage by providing wheels at a lower portion.

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